ES2662958B2 - Machine for the production of containers as a box - Google Patents

Abstract

Machine for the production of box-like containers. # The machine comprises at least one production unit (A, B) in which the automated removal of base plates (82) and strips or bands is carried out (83) of the load groups (2, 4) and their arrangement on dies (9) arranged on a rotating table (6) to position each time one of the dies (9) in correspondence with a stapling station (12 ) in which the stapling means (17) staple a strip or strip (83) on a base plate (82) to obtain a bottom (81a) or a lid (81b) of a box-like container (80).

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Machine for the production of containers as a box.

The present invention has as its object a machine for the production of containers as a box with a bottom and / or lid composed of a base plate and a lateral surface defined by a strip or band connected perimetrically to the base plate.

As is known, in recent years, the demand for containers as a box of natural materials, such as paper or wood, in particular for the packaging of food products has increased. The present invention relates, in particular to the sector of the production of containers composed of a bottom and / or a lid, each consisting of a base plate of circular or polygonal or elliptical plan, and a lateral surface made by a strip or band that develops perimeter from one side of the base plate and that is fixed to the base plate by a seam of metal staples that are spaced apart along the joint edge of the base plate to the lateral surface. These box-like containers are predominantly made of wood and are used for the packaging of food products, in particular cheeses, which have a conformation generally corresponding to that of the container.

Box-type containers of this type are currently manufactured manually by an operator who places the base plate and strip on a support, and then proceeds to staple the base plate to the strip by means of a manual drive stapler.

This manual production technique involves several problems, among which we can mention: low productivity, the quality of the containers as a box depending on the skill of the operator, heavy work for the operator and high production costs.

Automatic machines are also known for the production of these containers as a box. Such machines are provided with automated loading systems of the base plates and bands, and are provided with stapling heads depending on the number of sewing staples to be applied to achieve the assembly of a band with the base plate from the bottom or container lid as a box.

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These machines are generally manufactured in accordance with the specifications required by some products for box-like containers, and are therefore not practically present in the market. Such machines suffer from the problem of having a very reduced production flexibility while, in general, by the way they are projected, they can produce a single box-like container format. On the other hand, they are usually very noisy and require frequent maintenance interventions that can stop the machine for long periods.

The specific objective of the present invention is to solve the problems set forth above, making a machine for the production of containers as a box with bottom and / or lid, composed of a base plate and a lateral surface defined by a strip or band connected perimetrically to the base plate, which can achieve high productivity and optimum reliability and accuracy of operation.

Within this objective, an object of the invention is to make a machine that has a low noise operation.

Another object of the invention is to make a machine that can produce various container formats with modifications of simple and rapid actuation.

A further object of the invention is to make a machine that requires reduced maintenance operations.

A further object of the invention is to make a fully automatic machine that requires a very small number of manual interventions and that guarantees high safety for the operators involved in its operation.

This objective, as well as these and other objects that will be more clearly shown below, have been achieved with a machine for the production of containers as a bottom box and / or lid composed of a base plate and a surface side defined by a strip or band connected perimetrically to the base plate, characterized in that it comprises at least one production unit comprising:

- a first load group of base plates on a first conveyor;

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- a second load group of strips or bands on a second conveyor;

- a table arranged horizontally and swivel around a vertical main axis with respect to a main support structure;

- a plurality of substantially cylindrical matrices mounted on said table with their axes in vertical position and angularly spaced from each other around said main axis, said matrices being individually rotatable about their axes relative to said table;

- a first transfer station provided with first means of cyclic transfer of one of said base plates from said first conveyor to the upper base of one of said matrices positioned in said first transfer station;

- a second transfer station provided with second cyclic transfer means of one of said bands from said second conveyor to one of said matrices positioned in said second transfer station and winding means of each band around a relative matrix in the proximities of its upper base;

- at least one stapling station provided with stapling means of a band and a base plate arranged on the same matrix positioned in said stapling station;

- a third transfer station provided with a third means of cyclic transfer of a bottom or a cover, constituted by a base plate and a band stapled together, from one of said matrices positioned in said third transfer station to a conveyor of exit;

- means of intermittent rotation of said table around said main axis for the positioning, each time, of one of said matrices in one of said stations;

- means for individual rotation of said matrices around their relative axis with respect to said table at least in correspondence with said second transfer station and with said stapling station.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become more clearly apparent from the description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment of the machine according to the invention, illustrated by way of indication and not limiting in the accompanying drawings, in that:

Figure 1 illustrates the machine according to the invention seen in plan from above, with

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some elements omitted for simplicity;

Figure 2 illustrates the machine according to the invention in side elevation, with some elements omitted for simplicity;

Figure 3 illustrates the machine according to the invention in a perspective view, with some elements omitted for simplicity;

Figures 4 to 6 schematically illustrate, in side elevation, the operation of the first base plate loading group on the first conveyor;

Figures 7 to 9 schematically illustrate, in side elevation, the operation of the second band loading group on the second conveyor;

Figures 10 and 11 schematically illustrate, in side elevation, the operation of the first transfer means of a base plate from the first conveyor to the upper base of a die, in the first transfer station;

Figures 12 to 14 schematically illustrate, in a plan view from above, the operation of the second means of transferring a band from the second conveyor to a matrix in the second transfer station;

Figures 15 and 16 schematically illustrate, in side elevation, the operation of the second transfer means under the operating conditions corresponding to Figures 12 and 14;

Figures 17 to 19 schematically illustrate, according to a plan view from above partially in section and enlarged, the winding of a band around a matrix in the second transfer station;

Figure 20 illustrates the operating conditions of Figure 19 in side elevation;

Figure 21 schematically illustrates, in a plan view from above partially in section and enlarged, the completion of the winding of a band around a matrix in the second transfer station;

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Figure 22 illustrates the operating conditions of Figure 21 in side elevation;

Figure 23 schematically illustrates, in side elevation, the stapling of a base plate and a band in the stapling station;

Figure 24 schematically illustrates, in a plan view from above partially in section, the operating conditions of Figure 23;

Figure 25 schematically illustrates the operation of the third means of transferring a bottom or a cover from a die to the exit conveyor, according to a side view;

Figure 26 illustrates the operating conditions shown in Figure 25, in an enlarged plan view from above;

Figure 27 illustrates an enlarged detail of Figure 3;

Figure 28 illustrates an enlarged detail of Figure 1;

Figure 29 illustrates, in a partially sectioned side view, the stapling station;

Figures 30 to 35 illustrate a matrix, in axial and enlarged section, in various operating conditions;

Figures 36 to 38 illustrate an example of a box-like container, composed of a bottom and a lid, which can be produced with the machine according to the invention, and more in particular:

Figure 36 illustrates the container in an exploded perspective view;

Figure 37 illustrates the container in a perspective view with the bottom coupled to the lid;

Figure 38 illustrates the container in axial section.

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With reference to the aforementioned figures, the machine according to the invention, generally indicated by reference number 1, comprises at least one operating unit A, B that can produce bottoms 81a or lids 81b of box-like containers 80.

In Figures 36 to 38, an example of a box-like container 80 that can be produced with the machine according to the invention has been illustrated. Said box-like container 80 is composed of a bottom 81a and a lid 81b, each of these composed of a base plate 82 and a side surface defined by a strip or band 83 that joins the base plate 82 in correspondence with the perimeter of the latter, and which is developed from one side of the base plate itself 82. The strip or band 83 is attached to the base plate 82 by angular metal staples 84, which are arranged at along the joining edge of the base plate 82 to the strip or band 83, and which are spaced apart from each other along said edge. The cover 81b is practically the same as the bottom 81a, but the diameter of its base plate 82 is slightly larger than that of the base plate 82 of the bottom 81a, so that the bottom 81a can be inserted into the cover 81b.

The box-like container 80, illustrated in Figures 36 to 38, has been shown by way of example only as, as will be better appreciated in the following, the machine according to the invention can produce box-like containers, in addition to the cylindrical conformation as illustrated, also with other conformations, in particular a prismatic conformation, for example with a square, hexagonal, octagonal, or cylindrical base with an elliptical base.

In the illustrated embodiment, the machine according to the invention comprises two twin production units, arranged laterally with respect to each other and indicated with the letters A and B respectively: a production unit A for the production of funds 81a and a production unit B for the production of the lids 81b of the containers as a box 80.

The machine of the object preferably comprises also a coupling unit C that is fed with the bottoms 81a and with the covers 81b leaving the two twin production units A and B, and which provides the coupling, each time, of a bottom 81a with a lid 81b in order to make, when necessary, a box-like container 80 complete with bottom 81a and lid 81b.

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Since the two production units A and B are substantially equal to each other, for simplicity of the description, only production unit A will be described in the following, for the production of funds 81a, it being understood that what is described for the production unit A it is also valid for another production unit B whose elements, in the drawings, have been marked with the same reference numbers as in the production unit A.

The production unit A comprises: a first load group 2 of the base plates 82 on a first conveyor 3, and a second load group 4 of strips or bands 83, referred to in what follows simply as "bands", on a second conveyor 5.

The machine also comprises a table 6, substantially flat, which is arranged horizontally and which is rotatably supported around a vertical main axis 7, by a main support structure 8 which is provided with support legs in the ground.

On the table 6, which preferably has a circular plan and whose axis coincides with the main axis 7, a plurality of matrices 9 are arranged, preferably in a number of four or five, which are substantially cylindrical or prismatic and are oriented with their axes in vertical and therefore parallel to the main axis 7. These matrices 9 are angularly spaced from each other around the main axis 7 and have a conformation correlated with the desired conformation for the box-like container 80 to be produced . More particularly, these matrices 9 may have circular, or polygonal, for example square, hexagonal, octagonal, or elliptical bases, depending on whether containers in the form of a cylinder with a circular base, or a prism, for example, should be produced square, hexagonal, octagonal, or a cylinder with an elliptical base, etc. The base plates 82 used for the production of these containers will have a conformation corresponding to the conformation of the upper base of the dies 9.

Around the table 6, more work stations have been defined, in correspondence with one of which the operations necessary for the realization of the box-like containers 80 that the machine should produce will be performed automatically. More particularly, around table 6 are planned, in areas that are

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angularly spaced from each other around the main axis 7: a first transfer station 10, a second transfer station 11, at least one stapling station 12 and a third transfer station 13.

In the first transfer station 10, first cyclic transfer means 14 of one of the base plates 82 are arranged from the first conveyor 3 to the upper base of one of the dies 9 when it is positioned in the first station of transfer 10.

In the second transfer station 11, second cyclic transfer means 15 of one of the bands 83 are arranged from the second conveyor 5 to one of the dies 9 when it has been positioned in the second transfer station 11, and means of winding 16 of each band 83 around a relative matrix 9 in the vicinity of its upper base.

In the stapling station 12, stapling means 17 of a band 83 and a base plate 82 have been arranged with each other, arranged on the same matrix 9, when it has been positioned in the stapling station 12.

In the third transfer station 13, third cyclic transfer means 18 of a bottom 81a or of a cover 81b are provided, constituted by the stapling of a base plate 82 with a band 83, from one of the dies 9 , when it is positioned in the third transfer station 13, to an exit conveyor 19.

The machine of the object is provided with means of intermittent rotation of the table 6 around the main axis 7 according to angles of constant preset amplitude in order to position, each time, one of the matrices 9 of the stations mentioned above, and individual rotation means of the dies 9 around the relative axes 9a with respect to the table 6, at least in correspondence with the second transfer station 11 and with the stapling station 12, first individual rotation means 21 and about second means of individual rotation 66 respectively, as will be better described in the following.

More particularly, the table 6 is rotatably supported around its axis that coincides with the main axis 7, by the main support structure 8, and the means of

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Intermittent rotation of table 6 comprises a main gearmotor, not shown, whose output shaft 54 is connected, through a chain transmission 53, to a toothed crown 52 which is fixed, below and coaxially, to table 6.

The first load group 2, schematically illustrated in Figures 4 to 6, comprises a storage 22 of base plates 82 stacked substantially vertically or slightly inclined with respect to the vertical, and first loading means 23 that are operable to carry The clutch of the base plate 82 located at the lower end of the stack and the deposit thereof on the first conveyor 3 is cyclically carried out. The first store 22 is constituted by vertical or slightly inclined glues 24 with respect to the vertical, between which the stacked base plates 82 are arranged. In correspondence with the lower end of the stack of base plates 82, in a known manner, flexible supports not shown that support the base plate 82 located at the bottom end of the stack in the vicinity of their zones are provided perimeter so that they support the entire stack of base plates 82.

The first loading means 23 comprise a suction cup 25 which is mobile by command, for example by the action of a dynamic fluid cylinder 26 for cyclically carrying out the grip of the base plate 82 located at the lower end of the stack of plate plates. base 82 in the warehouse 22, and to carry out its separation cyclically, taking advantage of its deformability and the assignment of the supports of the stack, from the warehouse 22 and its transfer to the first conveyor 3.

The first conveyor 3 is constituted by a drag conveyor, of which one end is located below the base plate storage 82. The drag elements 3a of this conveyor 3 are regularly spaced apart from each other along the path of the conveyor itself. 3, and are connected to a pair of chains or parallel belts that are connected to each other at a distance between one and the other sufficient to allow the suction cup 25 to pass the first loading means 23. The end of arrival of the first conveyor 3 is arranged in the vicinity of the first transfer station 10. The first conveyor 3 is operated in an intermittent motion in order to position, each time, the space between the two successive drag elements 3a below the storage 22 of base plates 82 in order to receive, by means of the suction cup 25, a base plate 82 and cyclically position a base plate 82 in the vicinity it's from the first station of

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transfer 10.

The first transfer means 14, schematically illustrated in particular in Figures 10 and 11, comprise an arm 27 which is arranged horizontally and which is rotatably supported around a vertical axis of rotation 28 passing through an intermediate zone of its longitudinal extension, by the main support structure 8. Said arm 27 is also mobile along the same axis of rotation 28 in order to be able to be raised and lowered by command. The arm 27 has, in the vicinity of its longitudinal ends, two suction cups 29 and 30 which are equidistant from the axis of rotation 28 and which can be connected by command to a suction duct, not represented for simplicity. The arm 27 is rotatable with intermittent movement around the axis of rotation 28 according to 180 ° angles in order to position, each time, with a suction cup 29 or 30 above a base plate 82 carried, each time, to the end of arrival of the first conveyor 3, and with the other suction cup 30 or 29, above a matrix 9 which is positioned, each time, in correspondence with the first transfer station 10. In practice, when a base plate 82 is located in correspondence with the first transfer station 10, the arm 27 lowers and the suction cup 29 or 30 located above the first conveyor 3, is activated in such a way that it grabs the underlying base plate 82. By successive lifting and rotation of the arm 27 according to an angle of 180 ° (figure 10), followed by a descent, the base plate 82, previously collected from the first conveyor 3, is arranged on the upper base of the die 9 which It is facing the first transfer station 10, while the other suction cup 30 or 29 is coupled with another base plate 82 in the meantime received at the arrival end of the first conveyor 3 (Figure 11).

The second load group 4 of bands 83, schematically illustrated in Figures 7 to 9, comprises: a storage 31 of stacked bands 83 and second loading means 32 that are operable to carry out the grip of the band 83 located in the lower end of the stack, and its deposit on the second conveyor 5.

The storage 31 for bands 83 is constituted by vertical or inclined glues 33 with respect to the vertical, between which the bands 83 are stacked, which are supported on a pair of crazy rollers 34.

The second charging means 32 comprises a suction nozzle 35, which is connectable, in a manner known per se, to a suction duct, and which is attachable

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cyclically with an end portion of the band 83 located at the lower end of the stack of bands 83 in the storage 31. The second loading means 32 further comprises gripping means that are attachable with said end portion of the band 83, and which are operable to carry out the lateral extraction of the band 83 from the band stack 83, and its positioning on the second conveyor 5. More particularly, the suction nozzle 35 is attachable with a part of end of the band 83 located on one side of the pair of crazy rollers 34 (Figure 7) and is movable downwardly in order to cause the separation of this end part of the band 83 located at the bottom end of the stack of bands 83 with respect to the superimposed bands 83, carrying this end portion over a contact with a roller 36, arranged with its axis transversely to the longitudinal extension of the band 83 (Figure 8). The gripping means mentioned above comprise said roller 36, a contact roller 37 and a pair of counter-rotating rollers 38. The roller 36 is operable with a rotating movement about its axis, and the contact roller 37, which is arranged by above the roller 36, it is movable towards the roller 36 to increase the contact of the end part of the band 83 against the roller 36. Following this contact and the rotational movement of the roller 36, the band 83 located in the lower end of the stack of bands 83, is extracted laterally and is passed through the pair of counter-rotating rollers 38 that complete the removal of the band 83 from the strip store 83, and carry it on the second conveyor 5 (figure 9). Such a second conveyor 5 is also constituted by a drag conveyor that is arranged with its end laterally with respect to the storage 31 and which is operated with an intermittent forward movement in order to position, each time, the space between two elements of Drag 5a successively in correspondence with the zone of extraction of the band 83 from the storage 31 of stacked bands 83. In this way, the band 83 removed from the store 31 is arranged on the second conveyor 5, between two successive drive elements 5a.

The other end of the second conveyor 5 is arranged in correspondence with the second transfer station 11 such that the intermittent movement of the second conveyor 5 carries, each time, a band 83 to position itself in the second transfer station 11.

The second transfer means 15, arranged in the second transfer station 11, schematically illustrated in particular in Figures 12 to 15, comprise an arm 39 arranged in a substantially horizontal plane, which is

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supported, around a relative axis of vertical rotation 40 positioned in the vicinity of a longitudinal end, by the main support structure 8. Said arm 39 is provided, in the vicinity of its end opposite to the axis of rotation 40, of a clamp 41, for example a pneumatic drive clamp, which is cyclically attachable with an end portion of the band 83 disposed on the second conveyor 5. The arm 39 is rotatable about the axis of relative rotation 40, to carry a band cyclically 83 to face said end portion on the side surface of one of the dies 9 which is positioned in the second transfer station 11.

Advantageously, in the second transfer station 11 supply means 42 of a glue are arranged on the end part of the band 83, in the vicinity of the area that is grasped by the clamp 41, before the arm 39 removes it of the second conveyor 5. More particularly, these glue supply means 42 are constituted by at least one nozzle 43 which is supported by the main support structure 8, and which is oriented towards the aforementioned end zone of the band 83, in an area that is close to, but does not match, the area that is affected by clamp 41.

The winding means 16 comprise: a first retention finger 44 which is stably located in the second transfer station 11, the first individual rotation means 21 of the matrix 9, arranged in the second transfer station 11, around to its axis in relation to the table 6, and a second retention finger 45 that is mounted on each of the matrices 9 and that is operable by command to clamp the two opposite ends of the band 83, so that they are reciprocally superimposed at the end of the winding, against the lateral surface of the die 9 arranged in the second transfer station 11.

In more detail, in correspondence with the second transfer station 11, the main support structure 8 rotatably supports around its axis 46a arranged vertically, a tree 46 which, in correspondence with its lower end, has a tampon upper 47. The shaft 46 is movable vertically with respect to the main support structure 8 for the purpose of coupling the upper buffer 47 against the base plate 82 resting on the upper base of the die 9 positioned in the second transfer station 11. This tree 46 also supports the first retention finger 44 which is mobile by command along a radial direction relative to the axis

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46a of the tree 46 which coincides with the axis 9a of the matrix 9 which faces the second transfer station 11. The operation of the first retention finger 44 can be carried out in a manner known per se, for example by means of a first stop 48 provided in correspondence with the second transfer station 11 which acts by command on a first leg 49, which supports the first retention finger 44 and which is mounted on the upper buffer 47. This first leg 49 is integral with the shaft 46 and with the upper buffer 47 in the rotation around the axis 46a.

The first individual rotation means 21 of the matrix 9 in correspondence with the second transfer station 11, comprise a first supplementary sprocket 50 that meshes with a corresponding cogwheel 51 supported by each of the dies 9.

More particularly, below the table 6, a main toothed crown 55 is arranged, with an axis coinciding with the main axis 7, which is fixed to the main support structure 8 and, therefore, remains fixed during rotation. of table 6 around the main axis 7.

Each of the matrices 9 is fixed coaxially to the upper end of a tube 56 which is rotatably supported around its axis, by a collar 57 that is fixed to the upper face of the table 6. This tube 56 is connected coaxially, in solidarity with respect to the rotation around its axis, to the gearwheel 51 that engages with the main gearwheel 55.

Following this coupling, during the rotation of the table 6 around the main axis 7, the dies 9 rotate around respective axes 9a in relation to the table 6. The coupling of the sprocket 51 of each die 9 with the main toothed crown 55 guarantees precise and preset angular positioning of each matrix 9 around the relative axis 9a, in correspondence with the various stations in which they are positioned by rotating the table 6 around the main axis 7.

In correspondence with the second transfer station 11 where the winding of a band 83 is carried out around the lateral surface of a die 9, it is necessary to carry out a complete rotation of the die 9 around its axis. For this reason, in correspondence with the second transfer station 11, the main toothed crown 55 has a recess 55a, devoid of teeth, for the purpose of

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leave the matrix 9 free of rotation around its axis 9a. In correspondence with that recess 55a, below the main gear ring 55, the first supplementary gear wheel 50 is provided, with a gear having the same module as the gear of the main gear ring 55, with which the wheel is coupled toothed 51 of the die 9 when it comes to face the second transfer station 11. The first supplementary gearwheel 50 is connected to a drive motor, of known type and which has not been illustrated for simplicity, which can be precisely controlled the rotation of its output shaft, which is operable to cause the rotation of the first supplementary gearwheel 50 around its axis, and therefore the rotation of the die 9 around its axis 9a relative to the table 6 according to an angle of predetermined amplitude and in order to obtain the complete winding of a band 83 around the lateral surface of the die 9.

It should be noted that each band 83 has a length that is slightly longer with respect to the circumferential development of the lateral surface of the die 9 on which it should be rolled. For this reason, at the end of the winding, one end of the band 83 overlaps the opposite end of the band 83, precisely in the area on which the glue has been sprayed.

The second retention finger 45 is mounted on a second slide 58, also horizontal, which is slidably supported by the relative matrix 9 along a radial direction relative to the axis of the matrix 9. The second retention finger 45 emerges vertically from this second leg 58 and faces the lateral surface of the die 9. By sliding the second leg 58 along a radial direction with respect to the die 9, it is possible to approximate or move away the second retention finger 45 in relation to the lateral surface of the matrix 9.

The second retention finger 45 is mobile by command from a coupling position, in which it applies the band 83 wound around the lateral surface of the relative die 9, to a first coupling position, in which it is remote from the lateral surface of the relative matrix 9 in an amount sufficient to decouple the band 83 wound around the relative matrix 9, and to a second decoupling position, in which it is removed from the relative surface of the relative matrix 9 in a greater amount than to the first decoupling position and such that it allows the passage of the first retention finger 44 between the second retention finger 45 and the lateral surface of the relative die 9.

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More particularly, inside the tube 56, an axially slidable shaft 59 is disposed coaxially in relation to the tube 56. Said shaft 59 protrudes from the bottom of the tube 56 and is attachable with an up and down cam 60 which is fixed to a plane of the main support structure 8 located below the table 6. The tree 59 is connected to the second leg 58 through a biscuit-type lever ("biscotto") 61. In practice, as illustrated in Particularly in the sequence of Figures 30 to 33, the coupling of the lower end of the shaft 59 against the outlet section 60a of the cam 60, causes the shaft 59 to rise with respect to the tube 56, and therefore the rotation of the lever type cookie 61 which, acting against the second pin 58, causes a distance of the second retention finger 45 from the lateral surface of the die 9, bringing it from the coupling position (figure 30) to the decoupling position (figures 31 and 32) . The coupling of the lower end of the shaft 59 with a lowering section 60b of the cam 60, causes the lowering of the shaft 59 and therefore, the reverse rotation of the biscuit lever 61 with the consequent return, for example by the effect of elastic means not represented by simplicity, of the second retention finger 45 to the coupling position and thereby against the band 83 wound on the lateral surface of the matrix 9 or against the lateral surface of the matrix 9 in the absence of the band 83 (figure 33).

The second leg 58, as illustrated in Figures 34 and 35, in addition to the axial movement of the shaft 59, can also be moved by a second stop 62 provided in correspondence with the second transfer station 11 and attachable with the second leg 58 analogously to what happens with the first stop 48 for the first slide 49 that supports the first retention finger 44.

The displacement of the second retention finger 45 moving away from the lateral surface of the die 9 obtained by the second stop 62 (Figure 35) in correspondence with the second transfer station 11, is of greater entity with respect to the displacement obtainable by coupling the shaft 59 to cam 60 and brings the second retention finger 45 to the second decoupling position, in which it allows the first retention finger 44 to pass between the second retention finger 45 and the side surface of the die 9 to obtain the complete winding of a band 83 around the lateral surface of the die 9 located in the second transfer station 11.

The return of the second retention finger 45 to the coupling position is obtained

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by elastic means, of known type and not shown, when the action of the second stop 62 fails (figure 34).

It should be appreciated that the second leg 58 that supports the second retention finger 45, following its radial movement with respect to the die 9, is attachable or detachable with a seat 63 defined in the tube 56. When the second leg 58 is coupled with said seat 63 becomes integral, as regards the rotation around the axis 9a, with the tube 56, and therefore with the relative matrix 9, while when uncoupled from said seat 63 it is disconnected from the rotation of the tube 56 and therefore of matrix 9 around axis 9a. The displacement of the second leg 58 caused by the elevation of the shaft 59, and therefore the displacement caused by the passage of the second retention finger 45 to the first coupling position, is such that the second leg 58 of the seat 63 of the tube does not disengage. 56. Under these conditions, the second leg 58 and therefore the second retention finger 45, are integral with the relative matrix 9 as regards the rotation around the axis 9a.

The displacement of the second leg 58 caused by the second stop 62 and therefore the displacement caused by the passage of the second retention finger 45 to the second decoupling position, is such that the second leg 58 of the seat 63 of the tube 56 is disengaged. these conditions, the second leg 58 and therefore the second retention finger 45 are disconnected from the rotation of the relative matrix 9 around the axis 9a.

In the second transfer station 11, a side buffer 64 is also provided, which is stationary with respect to the rotational movement of the matrix 9 around its axis 9a and which is mobile by command in terms of approach and distance in relation to the lateral surface of the die 9. This side buffer 64 is carried by an arm 65 which is supported by the main support structure 8 and which is mobile, in a manner known per se, for example by the action of a mechanical type actuator or pneumatic, in the approach and the distance in relation to the matrix 9 in the second transfer station 11.

In practice, as illustrated in the sequence of Figures 15 to 22, when a matrix 9, following the rotation of the table 6 around its axis, is placed in correspondence with the second transfer station 11, its cogwheel 51, which is located in correspondence with the recess 55a, disengages from the crown

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main gear 55 and engages with the first supplementary gear wheel 50. With the arrival of the die 9 to the second transfer station 11, the upper buffer 47 lowers in order to tighten the base plate 82, previously arranged on the die 9, against the upper base of the matrix 9 itself while the first retention finger 44 is away from the lateral surface of the matrix 9 and the second retention finger 45 is transported, by the second stop 62, to the second position of decoupling, in which it separates from the matrix 9 in regard to the rotation of the latter around its axis 9a in relation to table 6 (figures 15 and 17). Under these conditions, the end of a band 83 is carried against the lateral surface of the die 9, positioned in correspondence with said second transfer station 11, by movement of the arm 39 that said band 83 has gripped on the second conveyor 5.

The end of the band 83 near the matrix 9 is pinched against the lateral surface of the matrix 9 itself by approximation of said first retention finger 44 caused by the first stop 48 (figures 16 and 18). The first supplementary sprocket 50 is therefore driven by rotary movement, causing the rotation of the die 9 around its axis 9a and the upper buffer 47, with the first retaining finger 44 coupled with the band 83, rotated jointly with the matrix 9. As soon as this rotation begins, the side buffer 64 is carried against the matrix 9 in correspondence with the area occupied by the band 83 that is winding thereon following this rotation (Figures 19 and 20). An intermediate phase of the winding of the band 83 around the matrix 9 in the second transfer station 11 has been schematically illustrated also in Figure 14.

When the matrix 9 has made a complete rotation around its axis 9a in relation to the table 6, the band 83 is completely wound around the matrix 9 and its final end is superimposed on the initial end with the interposition of the glue.

It should be noted that, during the rotation of the matrix 9 around its axis 9a, the second retention finger 45 is in the second decoupling position in order to allow the passage of the first retention finger 44 that has clamped the initial end of the band 83 in the vicinity of the area occupied by the glue and rotating together with the matrix 9.

At the end of the winding of the band 83 around the matrix 9, by means of the

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displacement of the second stop 62, the second retention finger 45 is transported to the coupling position by pinching the superimposed ends of the band 83 against the lateral surface of the die 9 (figures 21 and 22). The first retention finger 44, by displacing the first stop 48, is transported to the decoupling position and thereby away from the lateral surface of the die 9. It should be appreciated that the passage of the second retention finger 45 to the position of Coupling causes the second retention finger 45 to sympathize with the matrix 9 in terms of rotation about its axis, as explained above.

The upper buffer 47 is therefore elevated and the table 6 rotates around the main axis 7, in order to position a new matrix 9 in correspondence with the second transfer station 11.

In the stapling station 12, the second individual rotation means 66 of the matrix 9 are arranged around its axis 9a relative to the table 6 with intermittent movement synchronized with the actuation of the stapling means 17 for the purpose of stapling between if the base plate 82 and the band 83, which are arranged on the matrix 9 positioned in the stapling station 12, by means of staples 84 that are angularly spaced from each other about the axis 9a of the matrix 9.

In more detail, to allow the individual rotation of the die 9 arranged in the stapling station 12 around its axis 9a relative to the table 6, also in correspondence with the stapling station 12, the main toothed crown 55 has a recess 55b devoid of teeth and, in correspondence with this recess 55b, below the main gearwheel 55, a second supplementary gearwheel 67 is arranged, with a gear having the same module as the gear of the main gearwheel 55, which is coupled with the gearwheel 51 of the die 9, as schematically illustrated in Figures 23 and 24, and which is operable with intermittent rotating movement.

The stapling means 17, illustrated in particular in Figure 29, comprise a stapling head 68 of known type, which can be sewn with angled staples 84. More particularly, the stapling head 68 has an appropriate support structure 69 that is associated, in an adjustable way, with the main support structure 8 in correspondence with the stapling station 12. The support structure 69 of the stapling head 68 it supports a mobile part 70 that slidably houses a

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hammer 71 which is operable to cyclically actuate the cutting of a metal wire 72, the formation of a clip and its expulsion from one end of the movable part 70 facing an area of the edge, located between the upper base and the lateral surface , of the matrix 9 positioned in correspondence with the stapling station 12. The mobile part 70 of the stapling head 68 is mobile by command in approximation and in distance with respect to the matrix 9 arranged in correspondence with the stapling station 12. The Metallic thread 72, coming from a coil 73, is fed to the stapling head 68 by means of a pair of counter-rotating rollers 74, 75 between which it is passed.

The movement of the mobile part 70, of the hammer 71 and the actuation of the counter-rotating rollers 74, 75 are derived, by means of connecting rod-crank systems 76 of known type that are not going to be described in detail for simplicity, of a single tree 77 which is actuated with rotating movement around its axis.

Inside each matrix 9, in correspondence with the area that is intended to be faced, each time, to the stapling head 68 to receive a staple 84, riveters 78 are arranged that are operable to carry out the riveting of the staples 84 when the latter are driven to the base plate 82 and the band 83 arranged on the matrix 9.

These riveters 78 have an arc shape and are slidably housed inside arcuate seats 79 that have been defined inside the body of each die 9, and which are angularly spaced from each other about axis 9a of the matrix 9 relative corresponding to the amplitude of the angle of rotation that has been imposed on the matrix 9 about its axis between the application of two adjacent clips 84. Thus, the intermittent rotation of the die 9 around its axis 9a relative to the table 6, in correspondence with the stapling station 12, positions, each time, a riveter 78 in correspondence with the stapling head 68.

Each riveter 78 has an upper end that is located in the vicinity of the edge between the upper base and the lateral surface of the die 9 and a lower end that is located in correspondence with an embrasure 90 for access to the relative arched seat 79, defined in the lateral surface of the die 9. Each riveter 78 is movable along the relative arcuate seat 79 to act, by its upper end, on the clip 84 that is trapped in the base plate

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82 and in band 83 in order to operate its riveter. The movement of the riveter 78 along the relative arcuate seat 79 is caused by a punch 91 that is transported by the stapling head 68 and faces the lateral surface of the die 9, positioned in correspondence with the station of stapling 12, at the level of the embrasures 90. This punch 91 is actuated by a cam 92 that is keyed in the shaft 77 which causes the entire stapling head 68 to be activated. In practice, when the stapling head 68 catches a staple 84 on the base plate 82 and on the band 83 arranged on the die 9, the punch 91 penetrates the embrasure 90 and acts on the lower end of the riveter 78 facing the punch 91, causing upward movement of the riveter 78 which thereby drives the riveter of the applied clip 84. The intermittent rotation of the die 9 around its axis in the stapling station 12, driven from the second supplementary gearwheel 67, causes the positioning, each time, of a turntable 90 in correspondence with the punch 91. The precision in the positioning of a embrasure 90 in correspondence with the punch 91, is guaranteed by the control of the rotation of the second supplementary sprocket 67 during the stapling operation. It should be noted that the rotational position of the matrix 9 around its axis 9a is not free, but rather that it is constantly linked to guarantee a correct positioning of the matrix 9, at least in correspondence with the second transfer station 11 and with the stapling station 12 following the gearing of the gearwheel 51 of each of the dies 8 with the main gearwheel 55, and of the rotation control of the supplementary gearwheels 50 and 67 when the gearing of the wheel fails gear 51 with the main gear ring 55.

Also in correspondence with the stapling station 12, an upper buffer 93 is arranged which is movable by command along a vertical axis that coincides with the axis 9a of the matrix 9 positioned in the stapling station 12, in order to coupling or decoupling the base plate 82 deposited on the upper base of the matrix 9 positioned in the stapling station 12. The function of this upper buffer 93 is to hold the base plate 82 as much as possible during the stapling operation. .

Advantageously, each matrix 9 is provided, in correspondence with its upper base, with a suction cup 94 for carrying out the retention of a base plate 82 when it is deposited from the first loading means 23, on the matrix 9.

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In addition, each matrix 9 is provided with a means for decoupling 95 from the bottom 81a or the cover 81b following the stapling of the band 83 to the base plate 82.

Said decoupling means 95 comprise an annular body 96 that is coaxially arranged with the die 9, on its lateral surface, below the area that is occupied or is occupiable by the band 83. This annular body 96 is axially movable upwardly with with respect to the remaining part of the relative die 9, to engage against the lower edge of the band 83 and push up the bottom 81a or the cover 81b. These decoupling means 95 are activatable in the vicinity of the third transfer station 13.

More particularly, the annular body 96 is connected to the shaft 59 and is integral with it in terms of the translation along its axis in relation to the body of the matrix 9.

For the activation of the decoupling means 95 of the bottom 81a or the lid 81b of the container in the vicinity of the third transfer station 13, a cam 60 is provided, as described above, applied to a horizontal plane fixed to the main support structure 8 and located below the table 6. Said cam 60 has an exit section 60a immediately upstream of the third transfer station 13, and said exit section 60a is attachable with the lower end of the shaft 59. The coupling of the shaft 59 with this exit section 60a causes, as already described above, the passage of the second retention finger 45 from the coupling position to the first decoupling position in which said second retention finger 45 is decoupling the band 83 located on the lateral surface of the die 9 (figures 30 and 31), and therefore the elevation of the annular body 96 which, acting on the lower end of the ba nda 83 already decoupled from the second retention finger 45, pushes it upwards relative to the body of the die 9 facilitating the decoupling of the bottom 81a or the cover 81b of the die 9 (figure 32). Downstream of the third transfer station 13, the cam has a descent section 60b which again causes the annular body 96 to descend and the second retention finger 45 to the coupling position (Figure 33).

The third transfer means 18, as schematically illustrated in Figures 25 and 26, comprise an arm 97 which is substantially horizontally arranged and which is rotatably supported around a rotation axis 98 located in a middle area of the longitudinal extension of the arm 97. Said arm 97 supports, in

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the proximities of its longitudinal ends, two bellows suction pads 99 which are equidistant from the axis of rotation 98 and which can be connected by command with a suction duct. The arm 97 is rotatable about the axis of rotation 98 and is mobile by command along said axis of rotation 98 in order to carry out the raising and lowering of the bellows suction cups 99.

In practice, when a matrix 9, following the rotation of the table 6 around the main axis 7, is placed in correspondence with the third transfer station 13, the annular body 96 has already pushed the bottom 81a or the cover 81 upwards to facilitate its decoupling of the die 9. In this situation, the arm 97, preventively raised with one of the two bellows suction cups 99 coaxially located with the die 9 in the third transfer station 13, is lowered and the suction is activated inside this bellows suction cup 99 in order to couple the bellows suction cup 99 with the base plate 82 of the bottom 81a or of the cover 81b. The arm 97 is therefore elevated, in order to complete the decoupling of the bottom 81a or the cover 81b above the die 9, and therefore is rotated about the axis of rotation 98 according to a substantially 180 ° angle, in order to carry the bottom 81a or the cover 81b above the exit conveyor 19. Subsequently, the arm 97 is lowered and the aspiration through the bellows suction cup 99 is deactivated in order to deposit the bottom 81a or the cover 81b on the exit conveyor 19 while the bellows suction cup 99 engages with another bottom 81a positioned meanwhile in correspondence with the third transfer station 13.

Advantageously, the machine according to the invention also comprises a coupling unit C, each time, of a bottom 81a with a cover 81b at the exit of the two production units A and B.

Said coupling unit C comprises positioning means 100 to face, each time, with its open side, a bottom 81a of the container as a box 80, the output of the production unit A, and a lid 81b of the container as a box 80, at the exit of the other production unit B. Said positioning means 100, as illustrated in particular in Figures 27 and 28, comprise two twin conveyor belts 101a and 101b, which face each other. another, and that each one is fed from one of the output conveyors 19 of the two production units A and B on which the bottoms 81a and the covers 81b are supported horizontally or with their base plate 82 in horizontal.

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Each of the conveyor belts 101a, 101b is wound around a horizontal axis roller 102a, 102b, located in correspondence with the arrival end of the output conveyor 19, and a vertical axis roller 103a, 103b. In this way, each of the conveyor belts 101a, 101b is developed according to a route that begins with a horizontal section and ends with a vertical section. Corresponding to the vertical section, a substantially vertical side 104a, 104b is arranged, which faces the relative conveyor belt 101a, 101b, which provides lateral support to the bottom 81a or the cover 81b carried by the conveyor belt 191a, 101b corresponding to the end of the bottom passage 81a or the cover 81b from the horizontal position to the vertical position. Each conveyor 101a or 101b flows into a relative vertical glula 105a, 105b which faces the other vertical glutton 105b or 105a into which the other conveyor belt 101b or 101a flows. These vertical glues 105a, 105b feed a device 106, of known type, which is not going to be described in detail for simplicity, which performs the coupling of a bottom 81a, fed from a vertical glutton 105a, with a lid 81b fed from the other glutton vertical 105b.

The operation of the machine according to the invention is as follows:

The base plates 82 are stacked inside the relative store 22 and the bands 83 are stacked inside the relative store 31.

Each time, as already described, a base plate 82 is lifted from the stack of base plates 82 disposed in the storage 22 and is transported to the first transfer station 10 or is seized by one of the suction cups 29, 30 of the arm 27 and is positioned on the upper base of a die 9 arranged in correspondence with said first transfer station 10.

In an analogous manner, each time, as already described, a band 83 rises from the stack of bands 83 arranged in the storage 31 and is transported to the second transfer station 11, in which it is grasped by the clamp 41 of the arm 39 in the vicinity of one of its longitudinal ends and is positioned, with said longitudinal end, near the lateral surface of a die 9, which has previously moved from the first transfer station 10 where the base plate 82 has received , positioned in correspondence with the second transfer station 11 a continuation of the intermittent rotary movement of the table 6 around the main axis 7. When the

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matrix 9 is located in correspondence with the second transfer station 11, the upper buffer 47 falls on the base plate 82 previously arranged on the upper base of the matrix 9. It should be appreciated that the clamp 41 of the arm 39 is coupled with an area of end of the band 83 which is distanced from the actual longitudinal end of the band 83 such that between the clamp 41 and the longitudinal end of the band 83, an area remains on which the glue is rubbed by the nozzle 43. In Corresponding with the second transfer station 11, this longitudinal end, in the area between the clamp 41 and the glue, is clamped by the first retention finger 44, taken to the coupling position, which presses it against the lateral surface of the matrix 9, while the second retention finger 45 is taken to the second decoupling position. The die 9 is thus driven by rotating movement around its axis 9a in order to carry out the complete winding of the band 83 around its lateral surface with superposition of the end end of the band 83 on the initial end of the band 83 to which the glue has been applied. These superimposed ends of the band 83 are exchanged from the second retention finger 45 which is brought to the coupling position. The first retention finger 44 is thus decoupled from the band 83 and the upper buffer 47 is raised in order to allow the successive rotation of the table 6 around the main axis 7 which advances the matrix 9 towards the stapling station 12 while the successive matrix 9 is positioned in correspondence with the second transfer station 11.

It should be appreciated that, in the illustrated embodiment, between the second transfer station 11 and the stapling station 12 an intermediate station 20 is arranged. This intermediate station 20, which may be occupied with optional devices to carry out subsequent operations on The bottom 81a of the container to be produced, such as the placement of prints or labels, may also be absent.

By a subsequent rotation of the table 6 around the main axis 7, the matrix 9 with the band 83 wound, is positioned in correspondence with the stapling station 12 where the upper buffer 93, present in that position, is lowered in order of stably locking the base plate 82 on the upper base of the die 9. In the stapling station 12, the stapling head 68 is driven, synchronously with the rotation of the die 9 around its axis with in relation to table 6, in order to carry out, as already described, the stapling of the band 83 with the base plate 82 by means of angled staples 84.

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Once the stapling is finished, the upper buffer 93 rises and the table 6 rotates according to a predetermined angle of amplitude, in order to position the matrix 9, which supports the bottom 81a or the cap 81b stapled, in correspondence with the third station of transfer 13 where the arm 97, with the bellows suction cups 99, carries out the removal of the bottom 81a or the cover 81b, constituted by the stapling of the base plate 82 with the band 83, from the die 9 and its deposit on the exit conveyor 19. It should be appreciated that the decoupling of the bottom 81a or the cover 81b of the die 9 by the action of the arm 97 with the bellows suction cups 99, is facilitated by the elevation of the bottom 81a or the cover 81b with respect to the relative matrix 9, made by the annular body 96 as already described.

The products at the exit of the two production units A and B, constituted, each time by a bottom 81a and a cover 81b, are transported from the output conveyor 19 relative to a relative conveyor belt 101a, 101b which performs the passage of the bottoms 81a or the corresponding covers 81b from a position in which they are arranged with the base plate 82 horizontally, to a position where they are arranged with the base plate 82 vertically. The product pairs, where each pair is constituted by a bottom 81a and a cover 81b, are fed, through the vertical glues 105a, 105b, into the device 106 which allows the continuation of the coupling of a bottom 81a with a cover 81b and its discharge abroad, for example on a conveyor.

It should be appreciated that, in the event that the production of a container devoid of the lid 81b is required, the machine may also be made with a single production unit, or only one of the two planned production units may be used.

It should also be appreciated that the machine according to the invention, by replacing the dies, can produce containers with a base plate of various configurations.

The machine has been designed to make box-like containers 80 consisting of a bottom 81a and / or a cover 81b, composed of a base plate 82 and a band 83 of wood or paper material, but it can also produce containers of other materials, according to the needs.

It should be appreciated that the machine according to the invention could be provided, instead of a single stapling station, of more stapling stations arranged in series, in each of which a part of the staples 84 is applied to make the union of the base plate 82 to band 83 of each bottom 81a or cover 81b. In this way, the time required for the stapling operation is reduced and therefore the productivity of the machine is increased. Even in the illustrated embodiment, the intermediate station 20, located between the second transfer station 11 and the stapling station 12, can be realized as the stapling station 12 and used to carry out a stapling part of the plate base 82 to band 83, stapling that is completed later at the 10 stapling station 12 later.

It has been found in practice that the machine according to the invention fully meets the predetermined objective since it can guarantee high productivity, optimum reliability and high precision of operation, with minimal interventions by an operator.

The machine, conceived in this way, is susceptible to numerous modifications and variants, all of which fall within the scope of the inventive concept; In addition, all the details may be replaced by other technically equivalent elements.

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In practice, the materials used, as well as the dimensions, could be any depending on the needs and the state of the art.

Claims (20)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 1. Machine for the production of containers as a box with bottom and / or lid composed of a base plate and a lateral surface defined by a strip or band connected perimetrically to the base plate, characterized by the fact that it comprises at least one production unit (A, B), which comprises: - a first load group (2) of base plates (82) on a first conveyor (3); - a second load group (4) of strips or bands (83) on a second conveyor (5); - a table (6) arranged horizontally and swivel around a vertical main axis (7) with respect to a main support structure (8); - a plurality of substantially cylindrical matrices (9) mounted on said table (6) with their axes (9a) vertically and angularly spaced from each other around said main axis (7), said matrices (9) being individually rotatable about to its axes (9a) in relation to said table (6); - a first transfer station (10) provided with first cyclic transfer means (14) of one of said base plates (82) from said first conveyor (3) to the upper base of one of said matrices (9) positioned in said first transfer station (10); - a second transfer station (11) provided with second cyclic transfer means (15) of one of said bands (83) from said second conveyor (5) to one of said matrices (9) positioned in said second transfer station (11), and winding means (16) of each band (83) around a relative matrix (9), in the vicinity of its upper base; - at least one stapling station (12) provided with stapling means (17) of a band (83) and a base plate (82) arranged on the same matrix (9) positioned in said stapling station ( 12); - a third transfer station (13) provided with third-party transfer means (18) of a bottom (81a) or a cover (81b), consisting of a base plate (82) and a band (83) stapled each other, from one of said matrices (9) positioned in said third transfer station (13) to an output conveyor (19); - means of intermittent rotation (52, 53, 54) of said table (6) around said main axis (7) for positioning, each time, of one of said matrices (9) in 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 one of said stations (10, 11, 12, 13); - individual rotation means (21, 66) of said matrices (9) around the relative axis with respect to said table (6), at least in correspondence with said second transfer station (11) and with said station of stapling (12). 2. Machine, according to claim 1, characterized in that said first load group (2) of base plates (82), comprises: - a storage (22) of stacked base plates (82), and - first charging means (23) operable to carry out the grip of the base plate (82) located at the lower end of the stack, and its deposit on said first conveyor (3). 3. Machine, according to claim 1, characterized in that said second load group (4) of bands (83) comprises: - a warehouse of stacked bands (83); - second charging means (32) operable to carry out the grip of the band (83) located at the lower end of the stack, and its deposit on said second conveyor (5). 4. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first conveyor (3) and / or said second conveyor (5) are constituted by driveable conveyors with intermittent forward movement to position cyclically , a base plate (82) in said first transfer station (10) and / or a band (83) in said second transfer station (11) respectively. 5. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first loading means (23) comprise a mobile suction cup (25) by command to carry out the grip of the base plate (82). ) located at the lower end of the stack of base plates (82) in said store (22), and its transfer from said store (22) of base plates (82) to said first conveyor (3). 6. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by the 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 fact that said second loading means (32) comprise: - a suction nozzle (35), cyclically attachable with an end part of the band (83) located at the lower end of the band stack (83) in said band store (31) (83), and movable by command to carry out the separation of said end portion of the band (83) below said stack of bands (83), and - gripping means (36, 37, 38) of said end part of the band (83), operable to carry out the lateral extraction of the band (83) from the band stack (83) and its positioning on said second conveyor (5). 7. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in said second transfer station (11), means of supply (42) of a glue are arranged on said end portion of the band (83) from time to time during transport in said second transfer station (11). Machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said second transfer means (15) comprise a rotating arm (39) around a vertical and provided relative rotation axis (40), in the proximities of one of its ends, of a clamp (41) cyclically coupled with an end part of a band (83) disposed on said second conveyor (5), said arm (39) being rotatable about the axis of rotation ( 40) relative to cyclically leading a band (83) to face said end portion on the lateral surface of one of said matrices (9) positioned in said second transfer station (11). 9. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said winding means (16) comprise: - a first retention finger (44) located in said second transfer station (11) and mobile by command to clamp said end part of a band (83) cyclically against the lateral surface of one of said matrices (9) positioned in said second transfer station (11); - first individual rotation means (21) of the matrix (9) arranged in said second transfer station (11), around its axis relative to said table (6); 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 - a second retention finger (45) mounted on each of said matrices (9) and operable by command to clamp the two opposite ends of the band (83), superimposed reciprocally at the end of the winding, against the lateral surface of the die (9) arranged in said second transfer station (11). Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said winding means (16) comprise a side buffer (64) located in said second transfer station (11) and stationary with respect to the rotation movement of the matrix (9) around its axis (9a), said lateral buffer (64) being operable to press the band (83) against the lateral surface of the matrix (9) during rotation of the matrix (9) in around its axis (9a) implementing the winding of the band (83) around the matrix (9). Machine according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in said stapling station (12), a second means of individual rotation (66) of the die (9) are arranged around its axis (9a) in relation to said table (6) with intermittent movement synchronized with the operation of said stapling means (17) to staple the base plate (82) and the band (83) arranged on the matrix (9) positioned in said stapling station (12) with staples (84) angularly spaced from each other about the axis (9a) of the die (9). 12. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said matrices (9) are connected, as regards the rotation around the respective axes (9a), to the rotation of said table (6 ) around said main axis (7) to maintain a predetermined rotational position around the respective axes (9a) in relation to said table (6) with the exception of when they are positioned in said second transfer station (11) and in said stapling station (12) in which they are connected to said first individual rotation means (21) and to said second individual rotation means (66) of the matrices (9), respectively. 13. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of said matrices (9) is provided with decoupling means (95) of the bottom (81a) or cover (81b), constituted by a base plate (82) and a band (83) stapled together. 14. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by the 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 the fact that said decoupling means (95) of the bottom (81a) or the cover (81b) comprise an annular body (96) coaxially arranged on the lateral surface of each die (9), below the area occupied or occupied by the band (83), said annular body (96) being axially movable upwardly relative to the remaining part of the relative die (9) to engage with the lower edge of the band (83) and pushing the bottom (81a upwards) ) or the cover (81b), said decoupling means (95) being activated in the vicinity of said third transfer station (13). 15. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in said second transfer station (11) and / or in said stapling station (12), an upper buffer (47, 93) is provided ) relative, actionable by command to tighten the base plate (82) on the upper base of the relative matrix (9). 16. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of said matrices (9) is provided, on its upper base, with a suction cup (94) for retaining a base plate ( 82). 17. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of said matrices (9) houses riveters (78) provided with an end positioned in the area of the edge between the upper base and the surface side of the relative die (9), said riveters (78) cooperating with said stapling head (68) to rivet the staples (84) applied from said stapling head (68) in said edge area. 18. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two twin production units (A, B) facing, a production unit (A) for the production of funds (81a) and a production unit for the production of caps (81b), respectively. 19. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a coupling unit (C), each time, of a bottom (81a) with a cover (81b) at the exit of said two units of production (A, B). 20. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said coupling unit (C) comprises means of positioning (100) to face, each time, at its open side, a bottom (81a), at the exit of one of said production units (A, B), and a cover (81b) at the exit of the other of said two production units (A, B). 21. Machine, according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by the the fact that said positioning means comprise two twin conveyor belts (101a, 101b) facing each other, each fed from the output conveyor (19) of each of said two production units (A, B), each one being developed of said twin conveyor belts (101a, 101b) according to a path that has a horizontal section and a vertical section, said vertical section being facing a lateral (104a, 104b) of support for the maintenance of the bottoms (81a) or covers (81b) with its base plate (82) in a substantially vertical position, each of said twin conveyor belts (101a, 101b) leading into a vertical relative glutton (105a, 105b) facing the vertical glutton (105b, 105a ) of the other of said twin conveyor belts (101b, 101a), said vertical glues (105a, 105b) being fed to a coupling device (106) of a bottom (81a), fed from a vertical glutton (105a, 105b) , with a lid (81 b) fed from the other vertical glutton (105b, 105a). twenty