ES2648520B1 - Anti-earthquake system for houses - Google Patents
Anti-earthquake system for houses Download PDFInfo
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- ES2648520B1 ES2648520B1 ES201600556A ES201600556A ES2648520B1 ES 2648520 B1 ES2648520 B1 ES 2648520B1 ES 201600556 A ES201600556 A ES 201600556A ES 201600556 A ES201600556 A ES 201600556A ES 2648520 B1 ES2648520 B1 ES 2648520B1
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- building
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- hemisphere
- balls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/023—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising rolling elements, e.g. balls, pins
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/34—Foundations for sinking or earthquake territories
Abstract
El sistema anti-seísmos para casas, está formado por los elementos que situamos entre los dos bloques de cimientos (1, 3) separados de un edificio (4). Entre ellos ponemos pelotas (2), y, unos muelles (5) entre ellas. Las pelotas (2) son cortezas de acero rellenas de cemento. En la variante, el edificio (4) se apoyara en una semiesfera (7, 8), -o, en un semicilindro para la segunda variante-, que estará formada, también, por una corteza (7) rellena de cemento (8). Unos muelles (5) la apoyan contra la tierra que la rodea.The anti-seismic system for houses, is formed by the elements that we place between the two blocks of foundations (1, 3) separated from a building (4). Between them we put balls (2), and, some springs (5) between them. The balls (2) are steel crusts filled with cement. In the variant, the building (4) will rest on a hemisphere (7, 8), -or, on a semi-cylinder for the second variant-, which will also be formed by a crust (7) filled with cement (8) . A few springs (5) support it against the surrounding land.
Description
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DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION
Sistema anti-seísmos para casas.Anti-earthquake system for houses.
Objetivo de la invenciónObject of the invention
El principal objetivo de la presente invención es el de conseguir un elevado nivel de resistencia contra los seísmos, lo que se puede conseguir poniendo unas pelotas (2) de acero relleno de cemento, entre los dos bloques de cimientos (1, 3) de un edificio (4). Y, en la variante, en lugar de pelotas (2), ponernos una semiesfera (7, 8) formada por una corteza de acero (7), rellena, también, de cemento (8).The main objective of the present invention is to achieve a high level of resistance against earthquakes, which can be achieved by placing balls (2) of cement-filled steel, between the two foundation blocks (1, 3) of a building (4). And, in the variant, instead of balls (2), put a hemisphere (7, 8) formed by a crust of steel (7), also filled with cement (8).
Antecedentes de la invenciónBackground of the invention
El único antecedente de esta invención se encontrarla en las Torres gemelas Maipey, aunque, en ellas su función y su forma es muy distinta. En ellas es un pasillo que comunica las dos torres, de manera que se puede atravesar andando, desde la primera hasta la segunda. En la presente invención, de otra manera, se trata, simplemente, de una viga o eje horizontal (12) que no forma pasillo alguno, ni comunica entre ellos a los dos edificios (9). El eje (12) solo tiene la misión de poder pivotar en los pivotes (11), cuando el aire, o, el movimiento que imponga un terremoto, tienda a desequilibrarlos.The only antecedent of this invention will be found in the Maipey Twin Towers, although, their function and form are very different in them. In them it is a corridor that connects the two towers, so that it can be crossed on foot, from the first to the second. In the present invention, otherwise, it is simply a beam or horizontal axis (12) that does not form any corridor, nor communicates between them the two buildings (9). The axis (12) only has the mission of being able to pivot on the pivots (11), when the air, or, the movement imposed by an earthquake, tends to unbalance them.
Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention
El Sistema anti-seísmos para casas, es un sistema formado por el elemento (2) que situamos entre los dos bloques separados de los cimientos (1, 3) de un edificio (4). Las pelotas (2) están formadas por una corteza de acero rellena de cemento. Entre las pelotas (2) situarnos muelles (5). En la variante, en lugar de pelotas (2), pondremos una semiesfera (7, 8) en la base del edificio (4), que ahora se apoyará en un único bloque de cimientos (1). La semiesfera (7, 8) estará formada por una corteza de acero (7), rellena de cemento (8). Unos muelles (5) se apoyaran entre la curvatura de la semiesfera (7, 8), y, las paredes de la tierra que la rodean. Ésta semiesfera (7, 8), en otra variante, será semicilíndrica, y, estará formada, también, con una corteza de acero (7), a la que rellenaremos con cemento (8). Para equilibrar mejor los edificios (9), cuando son iguales, y, están el uno al lado del otro, ponemos un pivote (11) en cada edificio (9), que se une a un eje horizontal (12), que será una viga de acero que puede pivotar en los pivotes (ll) cuando el viento tienda a mover las edificaciones (9). Poco más abajo, añadimos otros ejes oblicuos (10) que formaran una columnata cuando pongamos una base semicilíndrica en lugar de una base semiesférica. Estos ejes (10) se extienden hacia el edificio (9) de al lado y terminan en un muelle (5) que se fijará al asfalto mediante un cilindro metálico que se incrustará en el extremo inferior del eje oblicuo (10). También se extenderán, estos ejes oblicuos (10) por el otro lado de cada edificio. Fecha de la invención: (25.06.16)The anti-seismic system for houses, is a system formed by the element (2) that we place between the two separate blocks of the foundations (1, 3) of a building (4). The balls (2) are formed by a steel crust filled with cement. Between the balls (2) place springs (5). In the variant, instead of balls (2), we will put a hemisphere (7, 8) at the base of the building (4), which will now rest on a single block of foundations (1). The hemisphere (7, 8) will be formed by a crust of steel (7), filled with cement (8). Some springs (5) will rest between the curvature of the hemisphere (7, 8), and, the walls of the earth that surround it. This hemisphere (7, 8), in another variant, will be semi-cylindrical, and, will also be formed with a steel crust (7), which we will fill with cement (8). To better balance the buildings (9), when they are equal, and, are next to each other, we put a pivot (11) in each building (9), which joins a horizontal axis (12), which will be a steel beam that can pivot on the pivots (ll) when the wind tends to move the buildings (9). A little further down, we add other oblique axes (10) that will form a colonnade when we put a semi-cylindrical base instead of a hemispherical base. These axes (10) extend to the building (9) next door and end in a spring (5) that will be fixed to the asphalt by a metal cylinder that will be embedded in the lower end of the oblique axis (10). These oblique axes (10) will also be extended on the other side of each building. Date of the invention: (25.06.16)
Descripción de las figurasDescription of the figures
Figuras n° 1: Vista frontal de un edificio (4) con dos bloques de cimientos (1, 3) separados, entre los que ponemos las pelotas (2) y los muelles (5) entre ellas.Figures n ° 1: Front view of a building (4) with two blocks of foundations (1, 3) separated, between which we put the balls (2) and the springs (5) between them.
Figuras n° 2: Vista frontal de un edificio (4) que se apoya en una semiesfera (7, 8), -o, en un semicilindro para la variante-, que está formada por una corteza (7) rellena de cemento (8), unos muelles (5) la apoyan contra la tierra que la rodea.Figures n ° 2: Front view of a building (4) that rests on a hemisphere (7, 8), -or, on a semi-cylinder for the variant-, which is formed by a crust (7) filled with cement (8 ), some springs (5) support it against the surrounding land.
Figuras n° 3: Vista frontal de dos edificios (9) iguales, con forma cónica o tetraédrica que tienen un pivote (11) al que se une un eje horizontal (12), más abajo, otros ejes oblicuos (10) forman una columnata, y, en el extremo inferior tienen un muelle (5) que se fija al asfalto.Figures 3: Front view of two identical buildings (9), with a conical or tetrahedral shape that have a pivot (11) to which a horizontal axis (12) is attached, below, other oblique axes (10) form a colonnade , and, at the lower end they have a spring (5) that is fixed to the asphalt.
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Figuras n° 1-3:Figures 1-3:
1) Cimientos primeros1) First foundations
2) Pelotas de acero rellenas de cemento2) Cement filled steel balls
3) Cimientos segundos3) Second foundations
4) Edificio4) Building
5) Muelles5) Springs
6) Cemento6) Cement
7) Semiesfera con corteza de acero, rellena de cemento7) Semisphere with steel crust, filled with cement
8) Cemento8) Cement
9) Edificio cónico o tetraédrico9) Conical or tetrahedral building
10) Ejes oblicuos10) Oblique shafts
11) Pivotes11) Pivots
12) Eje horizontal12) Horizontal axis
Descripción de un modo de realización preferidoDescription of a preferred embodiment
El Sistema anti-seísmos para casas, está caracterizado por ser un remedio contra las imprevistas ondas de los terremotos, en la medida en que, al estar situadas entre dos bloques de cimientos (1, 3) que están separados por las pelotas (2), las ondas sísmicas tenderán a hacerlas rodar porque estas ondas suelen llegar lateralmente, y, mueven a los edificios (4) también de lado a lado. Solo en el caso de que el epicentro del seísmo se halle justo por debajo de la edificación (4), las ondas llegarían desde abajo, y, hacia arriba. Pero, en este caso, tenderían a elevar toda la estructura, y, no serían tan destructivas, tal vez, como cuando atacan lateralmente, porque el edificio (4), en este último caso, se mueve de lado a lado y rompe su estructura. Con las pelotas (2) de acero y cemento, las ondas laterales producirán un movimiento lateral en esas pelotas (2) que primero será absorbido por los muelles (5), y, en el caso de que las pelotas (2) se moviesen de lado, dejarían intacta la estructura del edificio (4) porque, los cimientos (3) que tienen en su base, no se des-estructurarían, en la medida en que el movimiento lateral de las pelotas (2) sería el que absorberla el impacto de las ondas.The anti-seismic system for houses, is characterized by being a remedy against the unexpected waves of earthquakes, to the extent that, being located between two blocks of foundations (1, 3) that are separated by balls (2) , the seismic waves will tend to roll them because these waves usually arrive laterally, and, they move to the buildings (4) also from side to side. Only in the event that the epicenter of the earthquake is just below the building (4), the waves would arrive from below, and, upwards. But, in this case, they would tend to elevate the entire structure, and, they would not be as destructive, perhaps, as when they attack laterally, because the building (4), in the latter case, moves from side to side and breaks its structure . With the balls (2) of steel and cement, the lateral waves will produce a lateral movement in those balls (2) that will first be absorbed by the springs (5), and, in the event that the balls (2) are moved from On the other hand, they would leave intact the structure of the building (4) because, the foundations (3) that they have at their base, would not be unstructured, insofar as the lateral movement of the balls (2) would be the one to absorb it of the waves.
En la variante, -figura n° 2-, el efecto de absorción de las ondas sísmicas aun será más efectivo, tal vez, porque, al ser una estructura semiesférica (7, 8), que se apoya en muelles (5) contra las paredes de la tierra, estos muelles (5) serán los primeros que absorberán el impacto de las ondas, -así como absorberán todos los movimientos que se puedan producir en el interior de las casas-, y, después, la vibración impuesta por las ondas, será absorbida por el balanceo de la semiesfera (7, 8) que, al pesar mas que el edificio (4) que se le construye sobre ella, siempre volverá a la posición de equilibrio.In the variant, -figure n ° 2-, the seismic wave absorption effect will be even more effective, perhaps, because, being a hemispherical structure (7, 8), which is supported by springs (5) against the Earth walls, these springs (5) will be the first to absorb the impact of the waves, - as well as absorb all the movements that may occur inside the houses -, and then the vibration imposed by the waves , it will be absorbed by the balancing of the hemisphere (7, 8) which, despite weighing more than the building (4) that is built on it, will always return to the equilibrium position.
En otra variante, en lugar de ser una estructura semiesférica (7, 8), será semicilíndrica, formada también por una corteza de acero (7), reforzada en la base, tal como se observa en la figura n° 2, y, rellena de cemento (8) En la forma variante de la figura n° 3, al igual que en el edificio (4) anterior, se propone ahora una forma cónica o tetraédrica para el edificio (9), cuyaIn another variant, instead of being a hemispherical structure (7, 8), it will be semi-cylindrical, also formed by a steel crust (7), reinforced at the base, as shown in Figure 2, and, filled of cement (8) In the variant form of figure 3, as in the previous building (4), a conical or tetrahedral shape is now proposed for the building (9), whose
base estará formada, también, por una corteza de acero (7), con forma semiesférica o semicilíndrica, rellena de cemento (8), que se apoya, en el punto inferior, en los cimientos (1) creados para esta casa. Unos muelles (5) apoyan la semiesfera contra las paredes de cemento que hay sobre los cimientos, y, alrededor de la semiesfera. En lugar de una semiesfera, como 5 acabo de decir, podemos poner, también, un semicilindro, para un edificio más largo. En esta ocasión, pondremos dos edificios iguales (9), el uno al lado del otro, o bien, en el caso de poner una base semiesférica, podemos poner cuatro edificios (9) en las esquinas de un cuadrado. Como vemos en la zona superior, hemos puesto un pivote (11) en cada edificio (9), y, un eje horizontal (12) entre los dos pivotes (11). Si hubiese un terremoto, los dos edificios de base 10 semicilíndrica bailarían a la par, pero, no se podrían caer, ni hacia los lados, ni hacia dentro. Y, en el caso de que se tratase de una base semiesférica, al poner cuatro o más edificios como este, todos ellos estarían conectados por los ejes horizontales y los pivotes, de manera que formarían una estructura mucho más sólida, que también bailaría al unísono, pero, no se caería. Los pivotes (11) se fijarían, en los edificios (9), a unos ejes de acero horizontales (12) 15 que se hallarían a la altura de los pivotes. Estos ejes son opcionales, y, para asegurar el equilibrio de las casas, podemos recurrir a otra opción que consiste en añadir, en la zona inferior, otros ejes oblicuos (10) que se extienden hacia la otra edificación (9), atravesando la calle, por arriba. Con estos ejes oblicuos se formará una especie de columnata. En el extremo inferior de estos ejes oblicuos (10) pondremos un muelle (5) que se fijará a otro cilindro 20 metálico que se incrustará en el interior de los ejes oblicuos por el extremo superior, y, se fijará al asfalto por el extremo inferior. Con estos ejes oblicuos (10), el equilibrio de la edificación aún estará mejor asegurado en el caso de un seísmo.The base will also be formed by a bark of steel (7), with a hemispherical or semi-cylindrical shape, filled with cement (8), which is supported, at the bottom point, on the foundations (1) created for this house. A few springs (5) support the hemisphere against the cement walls that are on the foundations, and, around the hemisphere. Instead of a hemisphere, as I have just said, we can also put a semi-cylinder, for a longer building. On this occasion, we will put two equal buildings (9), next to each other, or, in the case of putting a hemispherical base, we can put four buildings (9) in the corners of a square. As we see in the upper area, we have put a pivot (11) in each building (9), and, a horizontal axis (12) between the two pivots (11). If there were an earthquake, the two semi-cylindrical base 10 buildings would dance in tandem, but, they could not fall, either sideways or inwards. And, in the case that it was a hemispherical base, by putting four or more buildings like this, all of them would be connected by horizontal axes and pivots, so that they would form a much more solid structure, which would also dance in unison , but, would not fall. The pivots (11) would be fixed, in the buildings (9), to horizontal steel shafts (12) 15 that would be at the height of the pivots. These axes are optional, and, to ensure the balance of the houses, we can resort to another option that consists of adding, in the lower zone, other oblique axes (10) that extend towards the other building (9), crossing the street , from above. With these oblique axes a kind of colonnade will be formed. At the lower end of these oblique shafts (10) we will place a spring (5) that will be fixed to another metal cylinder 20 that will be embedded inside the oblique shafts by the upper end, and, will be fixed to the asphalt by the lower end . With these oblique axes (10), the balance of the building will still be better secured in the case of an earthquake.
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ES201600556A ES2648520B1 (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2016-06-29 | Anti-earthquake system for houses |
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ES201600556A ES2648520B1 (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2016-06-29 | Anti-earthquake system for houses |
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ES2648520B1 true ES2648520B1 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
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Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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ES2005097A6 (en) * | 1987-02-17 | 1989-03-01 | Prieto Fernandez Joaquin | Anti-systematic construction system (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
ES2199082A1 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-02-01 | Ferre Juan Campillo | Secure structure |
ITFI20060195A1 (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2008-02-05 | Rosss S P A | PERFECT MULTIDIRECTIONAL ANTI-SEISMIC SUPPORT SYSTEM |
CA2932026C (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2017-02-07 | The Governing Council Of The University Of Toronto | System for mitigating the effects of a seismic event |
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