ES2622337T3 - Procedure for placing and sealing a tubular element on a floor under a load of water - Google Patents

Abstract

Procedure for placing and sealing a tubular element on a floor (S) under a load of water located behind a containment screen (E), in which: a sealing device (10), and a sealing device are provided perforation (30) comprising a perforation tube (32) having a distal end (34) carrying a cutting tool (36) detachable from the perforation tube; said sealing device (10) is supported with the containment screen; the perforation device (30) is inserted into the sealing device (10) in solidarity with the containment screen; drilling is carried out on the ground with the help of the drilling device (30) by vibrating the drilling tube, the drilling tube being taken to a certain depth (H); a tubular element (90) is introduced into the drill tube (32) after the drill tube has reached the determined depth; the cutting tool (36) is separated from the perforation tube (32) and the perforation tube is raised while maintaining the tubular element (90) in the perforation; and a sealing grout (C) is injected into the perforation in order to seal the tubular element (90) in the ground (S).

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Procedure for placing and sealing a tubular element on a floor under a load of water Technical sector

The present invention relates to the field of soil drilling techniques that are executed in order to improve soil characteristics and to carry out foundations and ground containment works, as is known from EP 1939394 A.

The invention relates more precisely to a method of placing and sealing a tubular element on a floor behind a screen. By screen, also called a contention screen, concrete, but not exclusively, concrete walls and in particular screen walls are understood.

State of the art

A tubular element of this type can be used to inject a fluid into the soil in order to improve physical characteristics.

The tubular element may also constitute a structural element that allows the fabrication of an anchor rod.

The invention will be applied mainly in the case where the floor behind the screen is arranged under a load of water, such as a freatic layer. In this case, the soil is saturated with water that has a very high pressure, being able to reach up to 10 MPa in certain cases. It is known that the perforation and placement of a tubular element, such as a brace, under a cold layer are difficult operations to perform, mainly due to the high value of the soil water pressure.

Object of the invention

An object of the present invention is firstly to propose a method of placing and sealing a tubular element on a floor under a load of water located behind a containment screen.

The invention achieves its objective by the fact that the procedure according to the invention includes the following steps:

a sealing device is provided, and a perforation device comprising a perforation tube having a distal end carrying a cutting tool separable from the perforation tube; said sealing device is supported by the containment screen;

the perforation device is introduced in the sealing device in solidarity with the containment screen;

a perforation is made in the ground with the aid of the perforation device by vibrating the perforation tube, taking the perforation tube to a certain depth;

a tubular element is introduced into the perforation tube after the perforation tube has reached the determined depth;

the cutting tool is separated from the perforation tube and the perforation tube is raised while maintaining the tubular element in the perforation; Y

a sealing grout is injected into the perforation in order to seal the tubular element in the ground.

Sealing grout means any sealing product based on cement, slag or any other binder.

By "distal" end is meant the end of the perforation tube that is intended to be at the bottom of the perforation, while "proximal" means the end of the perforation tube opposite the distal end, and which is located at surface, outside the perforation.

On the other hand, the sealing device used in the implementation of the procedure is well known. Mainly it could be the device marketed by the French company TEC SYSTEM under the name "SAS BOP".

The sealing device allows to guarantee the sealing with respect to the water contained in the ground behind the screen, whose pressure can reach up to 10 MPa. Preferably, the sealing device makes it possible to guarantee the sealing, either by operating as a valve when no element passes through the sealing device, either by making a tight contact with the perforation tube or the tubular element that passes through the sealing device. It is then understood that the sealing device prevents soil water from sprouting in the work area where the operators are located.

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Preferably, the sealing device is in solidarity with the screen after having pre-perforated the screen according to all or part of its thickness. Eventually, the pre-drilling of the screen will end after the positioning of the sealing device.

Preferably, but not necessarily, the solidarity of the sealing device consists in fixing the sealing device to the screen by appropriate means, for example screws. According to another variant, solidarity can be carried out by firmly holding the sealing device against the screen.

More preferably, the screen extends vertically and the perforation direction is inclined with respect to the vertical.

Thus, at the end of the implementation of the method according to the invention, a tubular element embedded in the sealing slurry is obtained. It is also understood that the cutting tool, which has not been raised to the surface, is embedded in the sealing grout, preferably remaining attached to the tubular element.

Advantageously, the sealing grout is injected into the perforation tube.

Thus, thanks to the invention, the perforation tube is removed leaving the tubular element and the cutting tool in the perforation, thanks to the fact that the perforation tube is separated from the cutting tool. The perforation device then serves both as a means to excavate the soil, but also as a means to inject the sealing grout into the perforation, in addition to keeping the perforation open during the insertion of the tubular element.

Advantageously, the vibration frequency is chosen so that the cutting tool is vibrated at its resonance frequency or, at least, at a frequency close to said resonance frequency. One benefit is to improve drilling efficiency.

Advantageously, during drilling, the vibration frequency applied to the drilling tube is between 50 Hz and 200 Hz.

It follows that the speed of the implementation of the method according to the invention results mainly from the fact that the perforation is performed by vibrating the perforation tube. The vibration, which makes the cutting tool enter in resonance, or at least at a frequency close to the resonant frequency, has the effect of facilitating the penetration of the perforation tube into the ground.

Preferably, but not necessarily, during drilling the drill tube is also rotated to modify the position of the teeth of the cutting tool.

Advantageously, during drilling, a drilling fluid is injected into the drilling tube, the drilling fluid flowing through the cutting tool, and the drilling debris being evacuated by means of the sealing device.

The sealing device includes in this regard an evacuation duct that allows the expulsion of debris from the perforation.

The cutting tool is preferably provided with holes that allow the flow of the drilling fluid.

According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, the cutting tool is separated from the perforation tube by pushing the cutting tool with the help of the tubular element while maintaining the perforation tube.

To this end, the drilling device includes connection means that allow the cutting tool and the drilling tube to be detachably connected.

Alternatively, and without leaving the scope of the present invention, the cutting tool can be separated by pulling the perforation tube, and maintaining or pushing the cutting tool with the help of the tubular element.

According to a preferred mode of implementation, the tubular element is in solidarity with the detachable cutting tool before pushing the cutting tool with the help of the tubular element.

This fixing is preferably done by screwing the tubular element to the cutting tool. However, it could be a fixation by lace. A benefit of the fixation by screwing is that the operator can notice if the fixation has been carried out correctly.

According to a first mode of implementation, the sealing grout is injected into the perforation while the perforation tube is raised. During this injection phase, it is understood that the tubular element and the cutting tool remain in the perforation. The sealing slurry, which flows in the perforation, envelops the tubular element by

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at least part of its height, thanks to which the tubular element is sealed in the ground.

Advantageously, the perforation tube is vibrated during the injection of the sealing grout.

One benefit is the improvement of the flow and distribution of the sealing grout in the perforation.

Thus, thanks to the vibration of the perforation tube during drilling, and during the injection of the sealing grout, the speed of execution of the process is improved.

According to an implementation variant, the perforation tube is raised while said perforation tube is vibrated. This ascent may or may not be accompanied by the injection of sealing grout.

A benefit of vibration drilling of the perforation tube is to allow the removal of the perforation tube without rotation, which has the effect of significantly reducing the risk of circulation of sealing grout between the perforation tube and the ground. Another benefit of vibrating the drill pipe is to compress the ground around the drill pipe, which further reduces the risk of circulation of sealing grout between the drill pipe and the ground.

Advantageously, the sealing grout is injected into the tubular element through its proximal end, and flows to the foot of the perforation through the cutting tool. It is then understood that the tubular element serves to carry the sealing grout at the foot of the perforation, the sealing slurry flowing through the holes made in the cutting tool. In this case, it is understood that the sealing slurry flows from the distal end of the perforation and rises towards the proximal end of said perforation.

According to a variant, the sealing grout is injected between the tubular element and the perforation tube.

In this variant, the sealing slurry flows in the perforation through the distal end of the perforation tube. To the extent that the perforation tube is progressively removed, the injection between the perforation tube and the tubular element allows an injection according to the height of the perforation during the ascent of the perforation tube, and not only from the distal end of drilling.

According to a preferred mode of implementation, the sealing slurry is placed under pressure, the perforation tube is raised while the sealing slurry is injected under pressure in the perforation, and all this by vibrating the perforation tube.

To carry out this pressure setting, a pump is preferably used which allows the sealing grout to be injected at a pressure between 0.1 and 5 MPa.

The injection under pressure allows to create a sealing grout bulb whose diameter is substantially greater than the diameter of the perforation, which has the effect of further improving the content. The bulb may extend for all or part of the height of the perforation. Preferably, the bulb extends from the bottom of the hole to the middle of the hole.

As mentioned above, the setting in vibration advantageously allows compressing the ground around the perforation tube. This compression has the effect of consolidating the soil and thus allows an injection under pressure of the sealing grout in numerous types of soils. Moreover, thanks to the presence of the sealing device in the drilling head, it is possible to perform the injection under a strong pressure, for example at a pressure between 0.5 and 5 MPa.

Preferably, predefined amounts of grout are injected into predefined sections of soil, depending on the initial characteristics of the soil and the improvement objective.

According to a variant, the direction of the perforation is inclined with respect to a vertical direction. One benefit is to be able to make inclined anchors. An advantageous application lies in the manufacture of inclined anchor braces, for example to ensure the stability of a screen wall during a earthmoving operation.

According to an advantageous embodiment, a desired frequency of vibration is calculated, and the perforation tube is vibrated at said desired frequency of vibration during the performance of the perforation.

This desired frequency of vibration, which is applied to the perforation tube, is optimally chosen in order to facilitate the drilling operation, especially in particularly hard soils. In general, the calculation is made from a modeling of the drilling phenomena.

Advantageously, the calculation uses the length of the perforation tube. Preferably, the desired vibration frequency depends on the length of the perforation tube, even if it is limited by a maximum frequency value.

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default, called Fmax.

This predetermined maximum frequency value, which preferably corresponds to the maximum frequency that the means for vibrating the perforation tube can develop, is preferably between 100 and 160 Hz.

More preferably, the calculation uses a constant value that corresponds to the propagation velocity of the compression waves in the perforation tube, this velocity depending on the constituent material of the perforation tube.

Preferably, but not necessarily, the desired reference frequency is equal to:

• Fmax (the default maximum frequency value) if Fmax <(V) / (2 * L), where V is the propagation velocity of the compression waves in the perforation tube, and L the length of the perforation tube, OR:

• (n * V) / (2 * L) if Fmax> (V) / (2 * L), where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1 chosen so that (n * V) / (2 * L ) <= Fmax and ((n + 1) * V) / (2 * L)> Fmax.

The inventors have found that this formula allows to obtain a desired frequency of optimal vibration that significantly increases the efficiency of the drilling operation.

This calculation is made by a computer that includes appropriate calculation means.

For deep drilling, the length of the drill tube is increased during drilling. To do this, portions of the tube are used which are fixed at the top during the course of the perforation in order to increase the length of the perforation.

Consequently, in the sense of the invention, a perforation tube is understood as a single perforation tube, as well as a plurality of butt-fixed tubular elements, for example by screwing.

Advantageously, the desired vibration frequency is recalculated with each increase in the length of the perforation tube.

One benefit is to ensure a perforation that has optimal efficiency for the entire depth of the perforation.

The invention also relates to a method of realization of an anchoring rod in which the steps of the method according to the invention are implemented and then cables are sealed in the tubular element placed in the perforation.

The invention also relates to an installation for the implementation of the method of placing and sealing a tubular element on a floor behind a screen according to the invention, which includes:

a tubular element;

a perforation device comprising a perforation tube having a distal end that carries a cutting tool separable from the perforation tube;

a sealing device configured to be in solidarity with the containment screen and to be sealed in a sealed manner by the tubular element or the perforation tube; means for vibrating the perforation tube;

means for performing a perforation in the ground with the aid of the perforation device, the perforation device passing through the sealing device, and for bringing the perforation tube to a predetermined depth;

means for introducing the tubular element into the perforation tube after the perforation tube has reached the predetermined depth;

means for separating the cutting tool from the piercing tube;

means for raising the perforation tube while maintaining the tubular element in the perforation; and means for injecting a sealing grout into the perforation in order to seal the tubular element in the perforation.

The means for separating the cutting tool from the piercing tube mainly include the tubular element.

Preferably, the cutting tool includes a fixing sleeve having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the piercing tube, said sleeve being configured to be fixed to a distal end of the tubular element. Preferably, the sleeve has a thread or threaded configured to cooperate with a thread or a complementary thread located at the distal end of the tubular element.

Advantageously, the cutting tool includes a channel that joins the sleeve to one end of the cutting tool which is provided with a drill bit and injection holes, allowing said feed channel

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fluid to the injection holes, and the cutting tool also includes a non-return valve arranged to seal the channel when no fluid flows from the sleeve to the injection holes.

Thus, during the injection of the sealing slurry (or the drilling fluid) into the tubular element, the non-return valve opens to allow the sealing slurry (or the drilling fluid) to pass through, the latter flowing (or the latter) in the perforation through the injection holes.

The non-return valve allows to prevent fluid ascents towards the proximal end of the perforation.

Advantageously, the installation according to the invention comprises releasable retaining means for keeping the cutting tool and the perforation tube together during drilling.

Preferably, these releasable retaining means include a pin fixed to the cutting tool and which fits into a groove or groove made at the distal end of the piercing tube or of a tool holder fixed at the distal end of the piercing tube. The pin is configured to release from the groove when an axial force of a predetermined intensity is applied to the cutting tool.

According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, the installation includes an annular sealing element to guarantee a seal between the perforation tube and the cutting tool. Preferably, although not exclusively, the sealing element is integral with the perforation tube and rests against the sleeve or the body attached to the sleeve.

Preferably, the sealing element is configured to pass a fluid only in the case where said fluid flows axially towards the distal end of the perforation tube. This fluid can be water, sealing grout, or any other type of fluid. It is then understood that the sealing element is configured to prevent the fluid from rising towards the proximal end of the perforation tube as it circulates between the sleeve and the perforation tube.

Advantageously, the sealing element is also configured to make the seal between the perforation tube and the tubular element after fixing the tubular element to the sleeve and separating the cutting tool.

It is understood that during the ascent of the perforation tube, while the tubular element remains at the bottom of the perforation, the sealing element rests against the outer surface of the body or sleeve and then against that of the tubular element, thanks to the which is the sealing between the perforation tube and the tubular element during the entire ascent of the perforation tube. One benefit is to avoid an upward circulation of the sealing slurry between the perforation tube and the tubular element during the injection of the sealing slurry that takes place during removal of the perforation tube.

According to another advantageous aspect of the invention, the installation of the perforation also includes a shock absorber arranged between the sealing device and the perforation tube in order to prevent the transmission of the vibrations of the perforation tube towards the sealing device. One benefit is to avoid vibrating the sealing device and the screen.

Description of the figures

The invention will be better understood by reading the following description of modes of implementation and realization of the invention provided by way of non-limiting examples, referring to the attached drawings, in which:

- Figure 1 illustrates the placement of an installation sealing device according to the invention in a reservation made on a containment screen;

- Figure 2 illustrates the assembly of the separable cutting tool at the distal end of the perforation tube;

- Figure 3 illustrates the drilling stage in the ground after the introduction of the drilling device in the sealing device;

- Figure 4 illustrates the introduction of the tubular element into the perforation tube and its fixation to the screw cutting tool;

- Figure 5 illustrates the stage in which the cutting tool is separated from the piercing tube;

- Figure 6 illustrates the stage of injection of sealing grout while the perforation tube is raised;

- Figure 7 illustrates the disassembly of the perforation tube of the sealing device;

- Figure 8 is a detailed view of the distal end of the drilling device;

- Figure 9 is a front view of the cutting tool;

- Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of the distal end of the drilling device showing the cutting tool connected to the drilling tube;

- Figure 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of the distal end of the perforation device showing the cutting tool separated from the perforation tube; Y

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- Figure 12 schematizes the vibration frequency optimization procedure applied to the perforation tube.

Detailed description of the invention

With the aid of Figures 1 to 7, a way of implementing the method of placing and sealing a tubular element in a floor S under a water load that is located behind a screen of a screen is first described. content E. In this example, screen E is a screen containing a vertical screen wall. One of the faces E1 of the screen E is clear while the opposite face E2 is positioned towards the side of the floor layer S.

The floor layer S supported by the screen E is arranged, in this example, under a load of water, such as a freatic layer. The manufacturing process of the screen E, being otherwise widely known, will not be described here in detail.

It is mentioned only that it could be a screen wall made with the help of a bucket excavator or a hydrofoil.

The object of the process according to the invention is the placement and sealing of a tubular element 90 on the floor S located behind the screen E. This tubular element can be, for example, a reinforcement or a perforated tube intended for injections in the floor S. In other words, preferably, the method according to the invention can be implemented in order to manufacture an anchor strap or in order to make injections in the floor S.

According to the invention, a sealing device 10 is provided first that is in solidarity with the screen.

For this, in this non-limiting example, the screen E is perforated according to a part of its thickness in order to make a reservation R on the screen E. In this example, the drilling axis A is inclined at an angle to to the horizontal The drilling axis A is also inclined with respect to the vertical.

The sealing device 10 comprises a front tubular end 12 that is introduced into the reservoir R. It is found that the diameter of the tubular end 12 is substantially equal to the diameter of the reservoir R. The reservoir has just been perforated according to the entire thickness of the screen.

According to another, more traditional variant, the reserve R is created at the time of the execution of the screen E. In this case the reserve R is presented in the form of a tube and a plate that allows the sealing device 10 to be joined. The reserve R is integral with an armor cage (not shown here) that constitutes the skeleton of the content screen E.

In the known manner, the sealing device 10 also includes a chimney chamber 14 which is connected to the tubular end 12; This chimney chamber includes an evacuation chimney 16 that allows the disposal of excavation waste. In this example, the sealing device 10 also includes a valve 18 connected to the chimney chamber 14 as well as a first half chamber 20 connected to the valve 18. In this example, the valve 18 is an elastic deformation sleeve valve, widely known for the rest. Its function is to guarantee the seal thanks to the fact that the sleeve tightens a tubular element that passes through the valve 18. It also allows the sealing device to be sealed when no element passes through the sealing device.

The sealing device 10 is part of an installation 100 in accordance with the invention which also includes a perforation device 30. This perforation device 30 comprises a perforation tube 32 having a distal end 34 carrying a cutting tool 36 According to the invention, this cutting tool 36 is separable from the piercing tube 32.

Traditionally, the perforation tube 32 is constituted by a string of rods that are fixed butt in order to increase the length of the perforation tube along the perforation. According to the invention, the perforation device 30 is inserted into the sealing device 10. For this, the distal end of the perforation tube device is provided in this example with a gland 38, of a second half-chamber 40 surrounding the tube perforation 32. As understood with the help of Figures 2 and 3, the second half chamber 40 is assembled with the first half chamber 20 of the sealing device 10.

According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, the first half-chamber 20 and the second half-chamber 40 are fixed to each other while tightening a thick rubber ring 42, so that the assembly constituted by the first half-chamber 20, by the second semi-chamber 40 and by the rubber ring 42 constitutes a vibration damper 44.

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This shock absorber 44, which is arranged between the sealing device 10 and the perforation tube 32, has the function of preventing the transmission of the vibrations of the perforation tube towards the sealing device.

It is further understood that the sealing device, and mainly the valve 18, makes it possible to prevent soil water from sprouting on the side of the working area of the operators, this area being separated from the ground S by the screen E.

The installation 100 also includes means 50 for vibrating the perforation tube 32. The means 50 for vibrating the perforation tube 32, in this case a vibration generator 50, allow the generation of compression waves that are transmitted along of the perforation tube 32 towards its distal end 34 and towards the cutting tool 36. The length of the perforation tube 32 between its distal end and the end is called here.

vibration generator 50. The length L of the perforation tube 32 then increases in the course of the

drilling performance.

According to the invention, a hole F is made in the ground S with the help of the installation 100 with the aid of the drilling device 30 of the installation 100 by vibrating the drilling tube 32 thanks to the vibration generator 50.

In this example, although not necessarily, in the course of the drilling stage, the perforation tube 32 is also rotated around the perforation axis A thanks to rotating drive means 52.

During drilling, a perforation fluid G is injected into the perforation tube from the proximal end 37 of the perforation tube 32. This perforation fluid G flows into the perforation tube 32 to the cutting tool 36. The cutting tool 36 is provided with holes 35 that allow the injection of the

drilling fluid G at the bottom of the drilling F. The drilling fluid G then rises along the

perforation carrying the debris and through the screen E flowing between the perforation tube 32 and the tubular end 12 of the sealing device, before reaching the chimney chamber 14 and the evacuation chimney 16, then allowing the latter to evacuate the fluid of perforation G.

The perforation is carried out until the perforation tube, and more precisely the cutting tool, is brought to a certain depth H represented in Figure 4. In this example, by defined depth H the distance between the face E2 of the screen E directed towards the ground S and bottom F1 of the perforation F.

Before describing the other stages of the process according to the invention, the cutting tool 36 of the installation 100 will now be seen in more detail.

With the aid of Figures 8 to 11, it is found that the separable cutting tool 36 is initially mounted on a tool holder 37 which is fixed at the distal end 34 of the piercing tube 32.

The cutting tool 36 also includes a fixing sleeve 60 having a diameter smaller than the inside diameter of the piercing tube 32. The sleeve 60 is integral with a body 64 in which a channel 62 is made.

which extends according to the axial direction X of the perforation tube. This channel 62 joins the sleeve 60 to the drill bit

perforation 66 of the cutting tool 36. Accordingly, the channel 62 allows fluid to be fed to the injection holes 35, mainly, but not exclusively, drilling fluid during the drilling stage.

According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, the cutting tool 36 also includes a non-return valve 68 which is disposed at the downstream end 62a of the channel 62 in order to seal said channel 62 when no fluid flows from the sleeve 60 towards the injection holes 35. In this example, the non-return valve 68 is constituted by a piece 70 mounted on a spring 72 in such a way that the non-return valve allows to pass a flow that flows into the holes 35 of the drill bit 66, but prevents a flow from flowing through

from the channel 62 towards the sleeve 60. It is then understood that the body 64 in which the channel 62 is made

It is arranged between the non-return valve 68 and the fixing sleeve 60.

The cutting tool 36 is detachable from the tool holder 37 and therefore from the piercing tube 32. To ensure the retention of the cutting tool 36 from the piercing tube 32 during the drilling operation, the cutting tool 36 comprises a pin 74 which it extends transversely with respect to the axis of rotation X of the cutting tool so that it is housed in two grooves 76 made in the tool holder 37.

The pin 74 is sized so that it is mounted tightly in the grooves 76 in order to avoid an untimely separation of the cutting tool 36 from the tool holder 37. The grooves 76 axially flow towards the distal end 37a of the tool holder 37 which is directed towards the drill bit 66. It is then understood that an axial thrust on the sleeve 60 directed towards the drill bit 66 with an intensity greater than a predetermined threshold allows the pin 74 to be released from the grooves 76 and thus to separate the cutting tool 36 of the drill tube 32.

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It is then understood that the pin 74 and the grooves 76 constitute releasable retaining means for holding the cutting tool and the piercing tube together during drilling.

Referring again to Figures 10 and 11, it is found that the installation 100 includes a sealing element 80 to ensure an axial seal between the piercing tube 32 and the body 64 or sleeve 60. In this example, the sealing element 80 is an annular joint that is integral with the perforation tube 32. In the example of figure 10, the sealing element 80 is also integral with the tool holder 37. The sealing element 80 then rests on the outer surface of the body 64 in order to ensure the tightness between the perforation tube 32 and the cutting tool 36.

More precisely, in this example, the sealing element 80 is configured to pass a fluid only in the event that said fluid flows axially towards the distal end 34 of the piercing tube 32. In other words, the sealing element 80 leaves only pass the flows directed to the drill bit 66. Thus, it prevents an upward circulation of fluid between the sleeve 60 and the drill tube 32.

In this example, when the cutting tool 36 is attached to the tool holder 37, the sealing element 80 rests the body 64. To the extent that the sleeve 60 has an outer diameter that is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the body 64, It is understood with the aid of Figure 11 that when the cutting tool 36 is separated from the tool holder 37, the sealing element 80 moves axially and rests against the sleeve in order to maintain the axial seal between the piercing tube 32 and sleeve 60.

Referring again to Figure 10, it is noted that the end of the sleeve 60a opposite the body 64 has a filleting 82.

Next, the following steps of the procedure according to the invention will be described again referring to Figure 4.

After the perforation tube 32 has reached its predetermined depth H, a tubular element 90 is inserted into the perforation tube 32. This tubular element 90 is also constituted by a plurality of portions of tubes that are fixed butt. The tubular element 90 is inserted into the piercing tube 32 until the distal end 90a of the tubular element 90 comes into contact with the end 60a of the sleeve 60. The tubular element 90 is then subjected to a rotation in order to screw the end distal 90a of the tubular element 90 to the thread 82 of the sleeve 60. Once the tubular element is fixed to the sleeve 60 of the detachable cutting tool 36, a thrust is exerted on the tubular element 90 in order to push the cutting tool 36, which causes the cutting tool 36 to be separated from the drill tube 32.

Preferably, the piercing tube 32 is maintained while pushing the tubular element 90 attached to the cutting tool. The separation of the cutting tool 36 from the piercing tube 32 is illustrated in Figure 5. In this example, after separation of the cutting tool 36, as shown in Figure 6, a sealing slurry is injected C, for example a cement slurry, in the perforation in order to seal the tubular element 90 on the floor S. For this, the sealing grout C is injected into the tubular element 90 by its proximal end and flows to the foot of the perforation through the holes 35 of the cutting tool 36.

According to the invention, in the example of Figure 6, the injection of the sealing grout C is carried out by raising the perforation tube 32 while vibrating the perforation tube 32. As mentioned above, the vibrations allow compressing the floor S around the perforation tube, which allows an upward circulation of the sealing grout between the perforation tube 32 and the floor S.

In this example, the vibration frequency of the perforation tube applied during the ascent of the perforation tube 32 is of the order of 50 Hz to 130 Hz according to the length of the perforation tube.

According to one variant, the sealing slurry C is put under pressure thanks to a pump, not shown here, before being injected into the tubular element. One benefit is to be able to form a sealing grout bulb with a larger diameter. The sealing slurry that is under pressure may reach a pressure of the order 0.5 to 5 MPa.

According to another variant, not shown here, the injection of sealing grout could be carried out by means of an injection between the tubular element and the perforation tube insofar as the sealing element 80 allows the flow of the sealing slurry towards the drill bit 66 .

Thanks to the damper 44, the vibrations emitted by the vibration generator 50 are transmitted to the piercing tube 32 but not to the sealing device 10 or the screen E.

As shown in Figure 7, the piercing tube 32 is raised until the distal end of the piercing tube 32 reaches the sealing device 10. The piercing tube 32 is then removed from the

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sealing device 10.

As can be seen in this figure 7, the tubular element 90 is then sealed in a sealing grout bulb B. This tubular element 90 may then be used to manufacture an anchor rod by sealing wires (not shown here) in the tubular element placed and sealed in the hole.

According to a particularly advantageous aspect of the invention, during the execution of the perforation F described above, it is sought to optimize the vibration frequency in order to maximize the perforation energy transmitted by the perforation tube 32. For this purpose, it is calculated a desired frequency of vibrations that is applied to the drill tube 32 thanks to the vibration generator.

The perforation tube 32 is then vibrated at the desired frequency of vibration during the perforation. It is then understood that this desired vibration frequency is a vibration frequency that is applied to the perforation tube. In practice, these vibrations are compression waves that are transmitted along the perforation tube defining bellies and nodes. These vibration waves cause the perforation tube 32 to enter resonance, or at least at a frequency close to its resonance frequency, which produces maximum energy at the level of the cutting tool 36, with the effect of substantially increasing the efficiency of the perforation, and thus the overall effectiveness of the process according to the invention.

As shown in Figure 12, the calculation of the desired vibration frequency first includes a step S100 in the course of which the length L of the perforation tube 32 is manually entered or determined automatically. It is then assumed Here the drill tube is vibrated throughout its length.

Then, from this length, the desired frequency of vibration in the course of a step S102 is calculated from the length L of the perforation tube, the propagation velocity of the compression wave in the perforation tube 32. In this example, drill tube 32 is made of steel.

More preferably, the calculation uses a constant value that corresponds to the propagation velocity of the compression waves in the perforation tube, this velocity depending on the constituent material of the perforation tube.

According to the invention, to the extent that the length of the perforation tube 32 increases during the execution of the perforation due to the successive sum of tubular elements, the desired frequency of vibrations is recalculated with each increase in the length of the tube of drilling. This allows to maintain an optimum vibration frequency for the entire duration of the perforation.

The desired vibration frequency thus calculated is presented visually as a suggestion for the operator. It can also, in another embodiment, be sent as an order to the vibration generator 50 in the course of a step S104.

Preferably, but not necessarily, the desired reference frequency is equal to:

• Fmax (the default maximum frequency value) if Fmax <(V) / (2 * L), where V is the propagation velocity of the compression waves in the perforation tube, and L the length of the perforation tube, or:

• (n * V) / (2 * L) if Fmax> (V) / (2 * L), where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1 chosen so that (n * V) / (2 * L ) <= Fmax and ((n + 1) * V) / (1 * L)> Fmax

In the example that follows, V is equal to 5000 m / s, Fmax is equal to 130 Hz. L corresponds to the sum of the lengths of the butt-connected tubular elements.

In this example, the tubular elements have the same unit length, namely a length of 3 meters.

The following results table is obtained:

 Number of pipes

 L (m) 2L V / (2 * L) n F desired (Hz)

 5

 15 30 167 130 (Fmax)

 6

 18 36 139 130 (Fmax)

 7

 21 42 119 1 119

 8

 24 48 104 1 104

 9

 27 54 93 1 93

 10

 30 60 83 1 83

 eleven

 33 66 76 1 76

 Number of pipes

 L (m) 2L V / (2 * L) n F desired (Hz)

 12

 36 72 69 1 69

 13

 39 78 64 2 128

 14

 42 84 60 2 120

 fifteen

 45 90 56 2 112

 16

 48 96 52 2 104

 17

 51 102 49 2 98

 18

 54 108 46 2 93

 19

 57 114 44 2 88

 twenty

 60 120 42 3 126

 twenty-one

 63 126 40 3 120

 22

 66 132 38 3 114

 2. 3

 69 138 36 3 108

 24

 72 144 35 3 105

 25

 75 150 33 3 99

 26

 78 156 32 4 128

 27

 81 162 31 4 124

Claims (15)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 55 60 65 1. Procedure for placing and sealing a tubular element on a floor (S) under a water load located behind a containment screen (E), in which: a sealing device (10), and a perforation device (30) comprising a perforation tube (32) having a distal end (34) carrying a cutting tool (36) detachable from the perforation tube is provided; said sealing device (10) is supported with the containment screen; the perforation device (30) is inserted into the sealing device (10) in solidarity with the containment screen; a perforation is carried out in the ground with the aid of the perforation device (30) by vibrating the perforation tube, taking the perforation tube to a certain depth (H); a tubular element (90) is introduced into the perforation tube (32) after the perforation tube has reached the determined depth; the cutting tool (36) is separated from the perforation tube (32) and the perforation tube is raised while maintaining the tubular element (90) in the perforation; and a sealing grout (C) is injected into the perforation in order to seal the tubular element (90) in the ground (S). 2. Method according to claim 1, in which, during the drilling, a drilling fluid (G) is injected into the drilling tube, the drilling fluid flowing through the cutting tool, and evacuating the drilling waste by means of the sealing device (10). 3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, in which the cutting tool (36) is separated from the perforation tube (32) by pushing the cutting tool with the help of the tubular element while maintaining the perforation tube (32) . 4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the sealing slurry (C) is injected into the perforation while the perforation tube (32) is raised. 5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the perforation tube (32) is vibrated during the injection of the sealing slurry. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, in which the sealing slurry (C) is placed under pressure, the perforation tube is raised while the sealing slurry is injected under pressure in the perforation, and all this while the drill tube is vibrating. 7. Procedure for carrying out an anchoring rod in which the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented, and then cables are sealed in the tubular element placed in the hole. 8. Installation (100) for the implementation of the procedure for placing and sealing a tubular element in a floor (S) under a water load located behind a containment screen (E) according to any of claims 1 to 7, including installation: a tubular element; a piercing device (30) comprising a piercing tube (32) having a distal end (34) carrying a cutting tool (36) detachable from the piercing tube; a sealing device (10) configured to be in solidarity with the containment screen (E) and be sealed in a sealed manner by the tubular element or the perforation tube; means (50) for vibrating the perforation tube (32); means for performing a perforation (P) on the ground with the aid of the perforation device, the perforation device passing through the sealing device, and for bringing the perforation tube to a predetermined depth; means for introducing the tubular element into the perforation tube after the perforation tube has reached the predetermined depth; means for separating the cutting tool from the piercing tube; means for raising the perforation tube while maintaining the tubular element in the perforation; and means for injecting a sealing grout into the perforation in order to seal the tubular element in the perforation. 9. Installation according to claim 8, characterized in that the cutting tool (36) includes a fixing sleeve (60) having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the perforation tube, said sleeve being configured to be fixed at a distal end (90a ) of the tubular element (90). 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 10. Installation according to claim 9, characterized in that the cutting tool (36) includes a channel (62) that joins the sleeve (60) to one end of the cutting tool provided with a drill bit (66) and injection holes (35), said channel allowing fluid to feed the injection holes, and because the cutting tool (36) also includes a non-return valve (68) arranged to seal the channel (62) when no fluid flows from the sleeve (60) towards the injection holes (35). 11. Installation according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that it comprises releasable retaining means (74,76) for holding together the cutting tool (36) and the perforation tube (32) during drilling. 12. Installation according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that it includes a sealing element (80) to ensure a seal between the perforation tube (32) and the cutting tool (36). 13. Installation according to claim 12, characterized in that the sealing element (80) is configured to pass a fluid only in the event that said fluid flows axially towards the distal end (34) of the perforation tube (32). 14. Installation according to claim 9 or 10 in combination with claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the sealing element is also configured to make the seal between the perforation tube and the tubular element after fixing the tubular element to the sleeve and the separation of the cutting tool. 15. Drilling installation according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that it also includes a shock absorber (44) disposed between the sealing device (10) and the perforation tube (32) in order to prevent the transmission of the vibrations of the perforation tube (32) towards the sealing device (10).