ES2614422T3 - Punching rivet and procedure and apparatus for fixing individual components to each other, of which at least one component consists of a composite work piece - Google Patents
Punching rivet and procedure and apparatus for fixing individual components to each other, of which at least one component consists of a composite work piece Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2614422T3 ES2614422T3 ES14182978.8T ES14182978T ES2614422T3 ES 2614422 T3 ES2614422 T3 ES 2614422T3 ES 14182978 T ES14182978 T ES 14182978T ES 2614422 T3 ES2614422 T3 ES 2614422T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- rivet
- punching
- section
- components
- flange
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000010339 dilation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 108020005004 Guide RNA Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 208000005189 Embolism Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101001108245 Cavia porcellus Neuronal pentraxin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000916 dilatatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/04—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
- B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/10—Riveting machines
- B21J15/14—Riveting machines specially adapted for riveting specific articles, e.g. brake lining machines
- B21J15/147—Composite articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/10—Riveting machines
- B21J15/36—Rivet sets, i.e. tools for forming heads; Mandrels for expanding parts of hollow rivets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
- B23P19/06—Screw or nut setting or loosening machines
- B23P19/062—Pierce nut setting machines
- B23P19/063—Deforming the nut only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/562—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/567—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using a tamping or a swaging operation, i.e. at least partially deforming the edge or the rim of a first part to be joined to clamp a second part to be joined
- B29C65/568—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using a tamping or a swaging operation, i.e. at least partially deforming the edge or the rim of a first part to be joined to clamp a second part to be joined using a swaging operation, i.e. totally deforming the edge or the rim of a first part to be joined to clamp a second part to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
- B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
- B29C66/81423—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being concave
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
- F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
- F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
- F16B19/086—Self-piercing rivets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
- B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
- B29C66/72143—Fibres of discontinuous lengths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
- Y10T29/49943—Riveting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53709—Overedge assembling means
- Y10T29/5377—Riveter
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Abstract
Un procedimiento para la fijación de componentes (40, 42) individuales entre sí utilizando un remache (10) punzonador, en el que el al menos uno de los componentes está formado por un una pieza de trabajo (40) de material compuesto, en el que el remache punzonador presenta una brida (12) de gran diámetro (D1), una sección (14) de remache de diámetro más pequeño (D2) y una superficie (18) de contacto de componente de forma anular en el lado (16) de la brida (12) adyacente a la sección de remache y que rodea la sección (14) de remache, en el que la sección (14) de remache está formada en su cara (20) terminal libre para la perforación de los componentes (40, 42), presentando el remache (10) punzonador así mismo un paso (36) central que se extiende por toda la longitud del remache (10) punzonador y el procedimiento incluye las siguientes etapas: a) la disposición de un botón - matriz (50) contra uno de los dos componentes (40, 42) destinados a ser asegurados entre sí, que están situados el uno sobre el otro, en el que el botón - matriz presenta un taladro (52) dimensionado para recibir la sección (14) de remache b) la realización de un desplazamiento relativo del remache (10) punzonador con el extremo libre de la sección (14) de remache hacia delante en dirección a los componentes (40, 42) dispuestos el uno sobre el otro y en la dirección del botón - matriz (50), c) la perforación de los componentes (40, 42) con el extremo (20) libre de la sección (14) de remache y la introducción de la sección (14) de remache dentro del taladro (52) del botón - matriz (50) hasta que la superficie (18) de contacto de componente se sitúe en contacto con el componente (40) adyacente a la brida (12), caracterizado por d) la utilización de un émbolo (66) con el fin de dilatar el remache (10) perforador al menos localmente, en el que el remache perforador es dilatado por un desplazamiento axial del émbolo (66) a través del paso (36) procedente del lado de la brida del remache (10) punzonador estando el émbolo (66) provisto de un resalto (78) anular que provoca la dilatación, que se ahúsa, en la dirección del extremo libre del émbolo adyacente al remache (10) punzonador y presenta un diámetro máximo mayor que el diámetro más pequeño del paso (36), y e) la formación de un bordón (80; 120) de remache reconformando la región (15) terminal libre de la sección de remache con el fin de sujetar los componentes (40, 42) entre la brida (12) y el bordón (80; 120) de remache.A method for fixing individual components (40, 42) to each other using a rivet (10) punching machine, in which the at least one of the components is formed by a work piece (40) of composite material, in the that the punching rivet has a flange (12) of large diameter (D1), a section (14) of smaller diameter rivet (D2) and an annularly shaped component contact surface (18) on the side (16) of the flange (12) adjacent to the rivet section and surrounding the rivet section (14), in which the rivet section (14) is formed on its face (20) free terminal for drilling the components ( 40, 42), presenting the rivet (10) punching as well as a central passage (36) that extends over the entire length of the punching rivet (10) and the procedure includes the following steps: a) the arrangement of a button-matrix (50) against one of the two components (40, 42) intended to be secured together, which they are located on top of each other, in which the matrix button has a bore (52) sized to receive the rivet section (14) b) the realization of a relative displacement of the punch rivet (10) with the free end of the rivet section (14) forward in the direction of the components (40, 42) arranged on each other and in the direction of the button-matrix (50), c) the perforation of the components (40, 42) with the free end (20) of the rivet section (14) and the introduction of the rivet section (14) into the bore (52) of the die button (50) until the component contact surface (18) is contact the component (40) adjacent to the flange (12), characterized by d) the use of a plunger (66) in order to expand the punch rivet (10) at least locally, in which the punch rivet it is dilated by an axial displacement of the plunger (66) through the passage (36) coming from the side of the rivet flange (10) punching the piston (66) being provided with an annular shoulder (78) that causes dilation, which tapers, in the direction of the free end of the plunger adjacent to the punching pin (10) and has a diameter maximum greater than the smallest diameter of the passage (36), and e) the formation of a bead (80; 120) of rivet reconforming the free terminal region (15) of the rivet section in order to hold the components (40, 42) between the flange (12) and the rivet (80; 120) of rivet.
Description
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DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION
Remache punzonador y procedimiento y aparatos para la fijacion de componentes individuales entre sf, de los cuales al menos un componente esta formado por una pieza de trabajo de material compuestoPunching rivet and procedure and apparatus for fixing individual components to each other, of which at least one component is formed by a composite work piece
La presente invencion se refiere a un procedimiento y a unos aparatos para fijar componentes individuales entre sf utilizando un remache punzonador de los cuales al menos un componente esta formado por una pieza de material compuesto.The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for fixing individual components to each other using a punching rivet of which at least one component is formed by a piece of composite material.
Son conocidos los remaches punzonadores, generalmente se utilizan para asegurar dos componentes en forma de piezas de metal en chapa entre sf Esto es conocido como "Durchsetzfugen" en aleman y como "roblonadura" en ingles. Con este fin, un remache punzonador presenta una brida de gran diametro, una seccion de remache de diametro mas pequeno y una superficie de contacto de componente anular en el lado de la brida adyacente a la seccion de remache y que rodea la seccion de remache. Esta superficie frecuentemente es una superficie conica y es presionada durante la compresion del remache punzonador dentro de los dos componentes adoptando la superficie de la pieza de metal en chapa, con el lado de la brida alejado de la seccion de remache situado al mismo nivel que el lado superior que la pieza de metal en chapa.Punching rivets are known, they are generally used to secure two components in the form of sheet metal parts between sf This is known as "Durchsetzfugen" in German and as "roblonadura" in English. To this end, a punching rivet has a large diameter flange, a smaller diameter rivet section and an annular component contact surface on the flange side adjacent to the rivet section and surrounding the rivet section. This surface is often a conical surface and is pressed during the compression of the punching rivet inside the two components adopting the surface of the sheet metal part, with the flange side away from the rivet section located at the same level as the upper side than the sheet metal part.
El extremo libre de la seccion de remache esta formado por una superficie conica que converge hacia dentro y en la direccion de la brida. Esto conduce a que la seccion de remache se abra a modo de trompeta durante la compresion del remache punzonador como resultado de las fuerzas que actuan sobre la superficie conica y sobre la seccion de remache que no perfora el segundo componente. Los componentes son mantenidos juntos entre sf como resultado de la accion en cuna de la forma en forma en trompeta de la seccion de remache, que es llenada con el material de los componentes.The free end of the rivet section is formed by a conical surface that converges inward and in the direction of the flange. This leads to the rivet section being opened as a trumpet during compression of the punching rivet as a result of the forces acting on the conical surface and over the rivet section that does not pierce the second component. The components are held together with each other as a result of the cradle action of the trumpet shaped form of the rivet section, which is filled with the component material.
El objetivo de la presente invencion es proporcionar un remache punzonador novedoso que este adaptado para la conexion de al menos dos componentes entre sf en forma de panel de los cuales al menos uno de los componentes esta compuesto por una fibra o por un plastico reforzado con fibra, consiguiendose una union de remache de gran calidad que asegura una conexion de gran resistencia de los componentes uno con otro sin que se produzca un peligro pronunciado de que los remaches punzonadores se separen de un componente o de una pluralidad de componentes o que se produzcan unos efectos de fatiga no deseados con el transcurso del tiempo. .The aim of the present invention is to provide a novel punching rivet that is adapted for the connection of at least two components to each other in the form of a panel of which at least one of the components is composed of a fiber or a fiber reinforced plastic , achieving a high-quality rivet joint that ensures a high-strength connection of the components with each other without a pronounced danger that the punching rivets are separated from a component or a plurality of components or that some are produced unwanted fatigue effects over time. .
Existe con frecuencia la preocupacion cuando se trata de unir dos o tres componentes (o en ultimo caso incluso mas componentes) entre sf, estando compuesto al menos uno de los componentes por dicha fibra o dicho plastico reforzado con fibra. Por ejemplo, puede estar compuesto por un componente de dicho material compuesto y por un componente de metal, o los dos componentes por un material compuesto, o de dos componentes de un material compuesto de este tipo y un componente de metal.There is often concern when it comes to joining two or three components (or ultimately even more components) with each other, at least one of the components being composed of said fiber or said fiber reinforced plastic. For example, it may be composed of a component of said composite material and of a metal component, or the two components of a composite material, or of two components of such a composite material and a metal component.
Hasta el momento se han efectuado pocas propuestas para la union mecanica de componentes del material compuesto referido. La mayona de estas propuestas se refieren a la incrustacion de elementos de sujecion o de placas de refuerzo en componentes individuales que pueden ser asegurados entre sf con los habituales elementos de sujecion. Esto es, sin embargo, relativamente complicado y costoso y perturba la secuencia del proceso de la fabricacion de los componentes individuales.To date, few proposals have been made for the mechanical union of components of the referred composite material. The majority of these proposals refer to the embedding of fasteners or reinforcement plates in individual components that can be secured together with the usual fasteners. This is, however, relatively complicated and expensive and disrupts the sequence of the manufacturing process of the individual components.
El documento US-B-7,160,047 describe la fijacion de unos elementos de sujecion en forma de elementos de perno o elementos de tuerca a un componente, que consiste en un material compuesto que se define en el referido documento como un componente quebradizo o resiliente que consiste, por ejemplo, en un material que presenta unos espacios o poros huecos, como por ejemplo plastico, madera, espumas metalicas, metales rellenos con cuerpos o plasticos huecos, u otro material relativamente blando y que, de manera opcional, se encuentran en forma de una estructura emparedada o como un material compuesto, por ejemplo en forma de una estructura de un solo pliegue o de multiples pliegues como, por ejemplo, dos capas de metal en chapa o de plastico con un nucleo de una de las sustancias o materiales anteriormente referidos.Document US-B-7,160,047 describes the fixing of fasteners in the form of bolt elements or nut elements to a component, which consists of a composite material defined in said document as a brittle or resilient component consisting of , for example, in a material that has hollow spaces or pores, such as plastic, wood, metal foams, metal filled with hollow bodies or plastics, or other relatively soft material and which, optionally, are in the form of a sandwich structure or as a composite material, for example in the form of a single-fold or multi-fold structure such as, for example, two layers of sheet metal or plastic with a core of one of the aforementioned substances or materials .
La presente invencion se refiere en particular, frente a las piezas de trabajo que consisten en una fibra o en un plastico reforzado con fibra, y en particular a aquellas con un material de matriz duroplastico, siendo tambien apropiada la invencion para su uso con piezas de trabajo en forma de piezas de metal en chapa. Frente a los materiales definidos en el documento US 7,160,047, las piezas de trabajo presentes son relativamente duras y delgadas de manera que deben adoptarse otras consideraciones para el tratamiento de los materiales en el sentido de la fijacion de los elementos de sujecion.The present invention relates in particular to work pieces consisting of a fiber or a fiber reinforced plastic, and in particular those with a duroplastic matrix material, the invention also being appropriate for use with parts of Work in the form of sheet metal parts. Compared to the materials defined in US 7,160,047, the work pieces present are relatively hard and thin so that other considerations for the treatment of the materials in the sense of fixing the fasteners must be adopted.
Con respecto a la definicion de los materiales compuestos que pueden ser utilizados en el contexto de la presente Invencion se expone lo siguiente:With regard to the definition of composite materials that can be used in the context of the present invention, the following is set forth:
Con el termino fibra o plastico reforzado con fibra se entiende materiales compuestos con fibras de gran resistencia como por ejemplo, fibras de aramida, fibras de carbono o fibras de vidrio que estan o bien presentes como fibras de relleno relativamente cortas o como filamentos largos o en forma de un tejido fabricado a partir de filamentos incrustados dentro del material de la matriz de plastico. Por supuesto los materiales termoplasticos pueden ser utilizados como plastico; sin embargo, los plasticos duroplasticosThe term fiber or plastic reinforced with fiber means composite materials with high strength fibers such as aramid fibers, carbon fibers or glass fibers that are either present as relatively short filler fibers or as long filaments or shape of a fabric made from filaments embedded within the material of the plastic matrix. Of course thermoplastic materials can be used as plastic; however, duroplastic plastics
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normalmente son utilizados para componentes de carrocena. Los componentes correspondientes se presentan generalmente en forma de panel, por norma con una forma tridimensional.They are normally used for components of bodywork. The corresponding components are generally presented in panel form, as a rule with a three-dimensional shape.
Con el fin de satisfacer el objetivo anteriormente designado se proporciona un remache punzonador para la fijacion de componentes individuals entre s^ de los cuales al menos un componente esta, de modo preferente, formado por una pieza de trabajo de material compuesto, presentando el remache punzonador una brida, de gran diametro, una seccion de remache de diametro mas pequeno y una superficie de contacto de componente anular en el lado de la brida adyacente a la seccion de remache y que rodea la seccion de remache, en el que la seccion de remache presenta una superficie anular en su extremo libre para la perforacion de las dos piezas de trabajo, situandose la superficie anular, al menos sustancialmente, en perpendicular al eje geometrico longitudinal central del remache punzonador y presentando, de manera opcional, una superficie anular concava interna que forma la transicion desde la cara terminal del remache punzonador hasta el espacio interior hueco de la seccion de remache, presentando el remache punzonador un paso central que se extiende a traves de la longitud total del remache punzonador. Un remache punzonador similar se divulga en el documento EP 2 039 947 A2.In order to meet the above-mentioned objective, a punching rivet is provided for fixing individual components to each other, of which at least one component is preferably formed by a composite work piece, the punching rivet being presented. a flange, of large diameter, a smaller diameter rivet section and an annular component contact surface on the flange side adjacent to the rivet section and surrounding the rivet section, in which the rivet section it has an annular surface at its free end for the perforation of the two work pieces, the annular surface being located, at least substantially, perpendicular to the central longitudinal geometric axis of the punching rivet and presenting, optionally, an internal concave annular surface that form the transition from the terminal face of the punching rivet to the hollow interior space of the rivet section, present The punching rivet is a central passage that extends through the total length of the punching rivet. A similar punching rivet is disclosed in EP 2 039 947 A2.
De acuerdo con una forma de realizacion especial del remache punzonador, el remache punzonador presenta un resalto anular que se proyecta hacia dentro en la region de la seccion de remache.According to a special embodiment of the punching rivet, the punching rivet has an annular shoulder projecting inward in the region of the rivet section.
Con un diseno de este tipo se pretende, frente a los remaches punzonadores habituales, perforar completamente los componentes que se disponen unos sobre otro, para que pueda generarse un bordon de remache de gran calidad en el lado del componente inferior alejado de la brida. Con este fin, el remache punzonador de la invencion debe ser considerablemente mas largo que el grosor total de la pila de los componentes situados unos sobre otro, frente a los remaches punzonadores conocidos que no penetran completamente la pilaWith such a design it is intended, in front of the usual punching rivets, to completely pierce the components that are arranged on top of each other, so that a high quality rivet bead can be generated on the side of the lower component away from the flange. To this end, the punching rivet of the invention must be considerably longer than the total thickness of the stack of the components placed one above the other, compared to the known punching rivets that do not completely penetrate the stack.
Asf mismo, la invencion se refiere al reconocimiento de que los componentes de una fibra o de un plastico reforzado con fibra, en particular uno con un material de matriz duroplastica tiende a derrumbarse cuando es sometido a las fuerzas que actuan en el extremo libre de la seccion de perforacion, lo que aqrn es explotado en el sentido de que la manipulacion del pedazo de perforacion que surge se facilita porque presenta una dimension transversal que se corresponde aproximadamente con el diametro interior de la seccion de remache.Likewise, the invention relates to the recognition that the components of a fiber or a fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular one with a duroplastic matrix material tends to collapse when subjected to the forces acting at the free end of the drilling section, which here is exploited in the sense that the manipulation of the drilling piece that arises is facilitated because it has a transverse dimension that approximately corresponds to the inside diameter of the rivet section.
El procedimiento de la invencion para la fijacion de componentes individuales entre sf utilizando el remache punzonador referido de acuerdo con la invencion incluye las siguientes etapas:The method of the invention for fixing individual components to each other using the punching rivet referred to in accordance with the invention includes the following steps:
a) la disposicion del boton - matriz contra uno de los dos componentes para quedar asegurados uno con otro, los cuales son colocados uno encima del otro, en la que el boton - matriz presenta un taladro que esta dimensionado para recibir la seccion de remache,a) the arrangement of the button - matrix against one of the two components to be secured with each other, which are placed one above the other, in which the button - matrix has a hole that is sized to receive the rivet section,
b) la realizacion de un desplazamiento relativo del remache punzonador con el extremo libre de la seccion de remache hacia delante en direccion a los componentes dispuestos uno sobre otro y en la direccion del boton - matriz,b) the realization of a relative displacement of the punching rivet with the free end of the rivet section forward in the direction of the components arranged one above the other and in the direction of the button-die,
c) la perforacion de los componentes con el extremo libre de la seccion de remache y la introduccion de la seccion de remache dentro del taladro del boton - matriz hasta que la superficie de contacto de componente se situe en contacto con el componente adyacente a la brida,c) the perforation of the components with the free end of the rivet section and the introduction of the rivet section into the bore of the button-die until the component contact surface is in contact with the component adjacent to the flange ,
d) la utilizacion de un embolo con el fin de dilatar el remache punzonador al menos localmente, yd) the use of a plunger in order to dilate the punch rivet at least locally, and
e) la formacion de un bordon de remache mediante la reconformacion de la region del extremo libre de la seccion de remache con el fin de sujetar los componentes entre la brida y el bordon de remache.e) the formation of a rivet bead by reconforming the free end region of the rivet section in order to hold the components between the flange and the rivet bead.
De esta manera, se consigue una conexion de gran calidad de los componentes entre sf Con la etapa de utilizacion de un embolo con el fin de al menos localmente dilatar el remache punzonador, se lleva a cabo una forma completamente nueva de introducir un remache punzonador y de al menos preparar la operacion de deformacion. La dilatacion del remache punzonador puede llevarse a cabo mediante el desplazamiento axial del embolo a traves del paso y provinente del lado de la brida del remache punzonador estando el embolo provisto de un resalto anular que provoca la dilacion, la cual se ahusa en la direccion del extremo libre adyacente al remache punzonador y que presenta un diametro maximo mayor que el diametro mas pequeno del paso.In this way, a high quality connection of the components to each other is achieved. With the step of using a plunger in order to at least locally expand the punching rivet, a completely new way of introducing a punching rivet and at least prepare the deformation operation. The expansion of the punching rivet can be carried out by axial displacement of the plunger through the passage and provided on the flange side of the punching rivet, the embolus being provided with an annular shoulder causing the dilation, which tapers in the direction of the free end adjacent to the punching rivet and having a maximum diameter greater than the smallest diameter of the passage.
Mediante la dilatacion del remache de brida un material de matriz parcialmente aflojado con el componente alrededor de los agujeros perforados puede ser presionado conjuntamente para que el remache punzonador se asiente firmemente dentro de los agujeros de punzonado. El material no danado de los componentes radialmente exteriores a los agujeros perforados es de esta forma mantenido bajo presion y esto es particularmente favorable para las caractensticas de fatigaBy dilating the flange rivet, a partially loosened matrix material with the component around the perforated holes can be pressed together so that the punching rivet sits firmly inside the punching holes. The undamaged material of the components radially outside the perforated holes is thus kept under pressure and this is particularly favorable for fatigue characteristics.
El resalto anular del embolo que se ahusa en la direccion del extremo libre del embolo adyacente al remache punzonador y que presenta un diametro maximo mayor que el diametro del paso, pero menor que el diametro exterior de la seccion de remache es, de modo preferente, presionado dentro del paso del remache punzonador yThe annular shoulder of the plunger that tapers in the direction of the free end of the plunger adjacent to the punching rivet and having a maximum diameter greater than the diameter of the passage, but smaller than the outer diameter of the rivet section is, preferably, pressed into the punch rivet step and
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provoca una dilatacion del paso dentro de los componentes. De esta manera, la accion anteriormente mencionada se potencia y la resistencia del remache punzonador metalico aumenta como resultado de la deformacion.causes dilation of the passage within the components. In this way, the aforementioned action is enhanced and the resistance of the metal punching rivet increases as a result of the deformation.
El procedimiento puede ser desarrollado de manera adicional en el sentido de que un paso central presenta una proyeccion dirigida hacia dentro en la region de la seccion de remache, introduciendo el resalto anular del embolo dentro del paso del remache punzonador hasta que entre en contacto con la proyeccion dirigida hacia dentro de la seccion de remache y comprima esta ultima y el extremo libre de la seccion de remache hacia fuera con el fin de formar un bordon de remache.The procedure can be further developed in the sense that a central passage has an inwardly directed projection in the region of the rivet section, introducing the annular shoulder of the plunger into the passage of the punching rivet until it comes into contact with the projection directed into the rivet section and compress the latter and the free end of the rivet section out in order to form a rivet bead.
De esta manera, no solo se provoca la dilacion deseada del remache punzonador a lo largo de toda su longitud, sino que, antes bien, el bordon de remache es, al menos parcialmente, provocado por la correspondiente deformacion y, en efecto, mientras los componentes estan siendo firmemente presionados de manera conjunta en la direccion axial del remache punzonador la prensa o la herramienta que se utilice. Esto, asf mismo, conduce a una conexion del remache de gran calidad.In this way, not only the desired dilation of the punching rivet is caused along its entire length, but rather, the rivet bead is, at least partially, caused by the corresponding deformation and, in effect, while the components are being firmly pressed together in the axial direction of the punching press the press or the tool being used. This, likewise, leads to a high quality rivet connection.
El uso de un embolo que forma una parte de una herramienta que se utiliza es especialmente favorable en el sentido de que el embolo es reutilizado. Por tanto, no debe ser comparado con un mandril que sea utilizado con remaches ciegos y que tenga que estar presente como una parte desechable de cada remache ciego y tenga que ser quebrantado cada vez con el fin de ajustar el bordon de remache. Asf mismo, utilizando el embolo no hay cabezas arrancadas como se produdan en el mandril de un remache ciego que podnan perderse y provocar danos. En otros aspectos, el embolo de acuerdo con la presente invencion tampoco puede compararse con el mandril de un remache ciego porque operar con una fuerza compresora y no con una fuerza de traccion como es el caso del mandril del remache ciego.The use of a plunger that forms a part of a tool that is used is especially favorable in the sense that the plunger is reused. Therefore, it should not be compared with a mandrel that is used with blind rivets and that has to be present as a disposable part of each blind rivet and has to be broken each time in order to adjust the rivet bead. Likewise, using the plunger there are no torn heads as they occur in the mandrel of a blind rivet that could get lost and cause damage. In other aspects, the plunger according to the present invention cannot also be compared with the mandrel of a blind rivet because it operates with a compressive force and not with a tensile force such as the mandrel of the blind rivet.
Los procedimientos anteriormente referidos pueden mejorarse cuando el embolo incorpore una porcion de grna en el extremo delantero que sea guiada dentro del paso de la seccion de remache hueca.The above-mentioned procedures can be improved when the plunger incorporates a portion of the head end which is guided into the passage of the hollow rivet section.
Asf mismo, puede ser ventajoso si el paso central del remache punzonador presenta un gran diametro en la region de la brida en comparacion con la seccion de remache hueca, correspondiendo el diametro sustancialmente al diametro del resalto anular, por medio del cual la brida del remache punzonador esencialmente no es dilatada por el embolo. La dilatacion del remache punzonador no se requiere precisamente en este punto porque la transicion desde la seccion de remache hacia el interior de la brida del remache punzonador principalmente tiene lugar por medio de un filete que por sf mismo desempena el esfuerzo compresor.Likewise, it can be advantageous if the central passage of the punching rivet has a large diameter in the region of the flange compared to the hollow rivet section, the diameter corresponding substantially to the diameter of the annular shoulder, by means of which the flange of the rivet Punching essentially is not dilated by the plunger. The expansion of the punching rivet is not required precisely at this point because the transition from the rivet section to the inside of the punching rivet flange mainly takes place by means of a fillet that by itself performs the compressive effort.
El embolo puede ademas presentar un diametro mas pequeno en el lado del resalto anular alejado del remache punzonador con el fin de reducir al mmimo las fuerzas de friccion dentro del paso y el desgaste del embolo.The plunger may also have a smaller diameter on the side of the annular shoulder away from the punching rivet in order to minimize frictional forces within the passage and wear of the plunger.
Los pedazos perforadores que surgen a partir de los componentes en las etapas b) y c) son, de modo preferente, descartados a traves del taladro de preferencia divergente del primer boton - matriz junto con el material desintegrado que se produce por la accion del extremo libre de la seccion de remache.The perforating pieces that arise from the components in stages b) and c) are, preferably, discarded through the drill of divergent preference of the first button-matrix together with the disintegrated material that is produced by the action of the free end of the rivet section.
Una configuracion adicional particularmente favorable del procedimiento es posible cuando el boton - matriz esta provisto de un rebajo terminal, que aloja la brida del remache punzonador, dispuesto en un lado de los componentes que quedan situados uno contra otro, cuando el boton - matriz presenta un paso que comienza desde el centro del rebajo anular y esta dimensionado para rechazar los pedazos perforados y cuando la seccion de remache del remache punzonador se proyecta fuera del extremo del boton - matriz. El correspondiente procedimiento incluye las siguientes etapas:A particularly favorable additional configuration of the process is possible when the button-matrix is provided with a terminal recess, which houses the flange of the punching rivet, arranged on one side of the components that are positioned against each other, when the button-matrix has a step that starts from the center of the annular recess and is sized to reject the perforated pieces and when the rivet section of the punching rivet is projected out of the end of the button - die. The corresponding procedure includes the following stages:
- la utilizacion de un miembro de retencion dispuesto sobre el otro lado de los componentes que estan situados uno contra otro,- the use of a retention member disposed on the other side of the components that are located against each other,
- la perforacion de los componentes con el extremo libre de la seccion de remache mediante un desplazamiento libre entre el boton - matriz y el miembro de retencion hasta que la seccion de remache sea recibida dentro de un paso del miembro de retencion y la superficie de contacto de componente se situe en contacto con el componente adyacente de la brida y los pedazos perforados sean generados a partir de los componentes,- the perforation of the components with the free end of the rivet section by a free displacement between the matrix button and the retention member until the rivet section is received within a passage of the retaining member and the contact surface component is placed in contact with the adjacent flange component and the perforated pieces are generated from the components,
- el desplazamiento del embolo a traves del paso del miembro de retencion y a traves del paso del remache punzonador presentando el embolo una region terminal delantera y un resalto anular dispuesto por detras de la region terminal delantera, presionando la region terminal delantera del embolo los pedazos perforados a traves del paso del remache punzonador y estando la region terminal libre de la seccion de remache que se proyecta en el lado de los componentes alejados de la brida conformados por el resalto anular dentro del bordon de remache.- the displacement of the plunger through the passage of the retaining member and through the passage of the punching rivet presenting the plunger a front terminal region and an annular shoulder arranged behind the front terminal region, pressing the perforated front end region of the plunger through the passage of the punching rivet and the free terminal region of the rivet section being projected on the side of the components away from the flange formed by the annular shoulder inside the rivet bead.
Aqrn se efectua tambien una dilatacion del remache perforado y, en efecto, en el caso mas sencillo solo en la region del extremo libre de la seccion de remache que se proyecta fuera de los componentes. Esto es tambien muy ventajoso dado que los componentes son presionados de manera conjunta durante esta formacion del bordon de remache como resultado de las herramientas que se utilizan (prensa, pinzas de robot de aplicacion de fuerza).Here, a perforation of the perforated rivet is also carried out and, in fact, in the simplest case only in the region of the free end of the rivet section that projects outside the components. This is also very advantageous since the components are pressed together during this formation of the rivet bead as a result of the tools that are used (press, force application robot clamps).
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En esta forma de realizacion el paso del remache puede tambien ser dilatado segun lo anteriormente analizado en combinacion con el embolo movil.In this embodiment, the passage of the rivet can also be dilated as previously analyzed in combination with the mobile plunger.
Ademas, la region terminal delantera del embolo, de modo preferente, tiene un diametro menor que el diametro interno de la seccion de remache y, de modo preferente, esta redondeada en el extremo libre con el fin de deformar en ese punto los pedazos perforados en forma de concha y para reducirlos su diametro, de manera que puedan facilmente ser presionados a traves del paso del remache punzonador y dentro del paso.In addition, the leading terminal region of the embolus, preferably, has a smaller diameter than the internal diameter of the rivet section and, preferably, is rounded at the free end in order to deform at that point the perforated pieces in shell shape and to reduce their diameter, so that they can easily be pressed through the passage of the punching rivet and into the passage.
En el procedimiento anteriormente expuesto, que opera con un miembro de retencion que puede ser parte de una cabeza de ajuste, el miembro de retencion pueden estar equipado con unos segmentos moviles los cuales, en la posicion cerrada, encajen alrededor del extremo libre de la seccion de remache sin huelgo con escaso huelgo y puedan ser desplazados entre sf con el fin de permitir la formacion del bordon de remache.In the above-mentioned procedure, which operates with a retention member that may be part of an adjustment head, the retention member may be equipped with mobile segments which, in the closed position, fit around the free end of the section of rivet without strike with little strike and can be displaced from each other in order to allow the formation of the rivet bead.
En el procedimiento anteriormente descrito, puede tener lugar una etapa del procedimiento adicional como por ejemplo utilizando un segundo boton - matriz con un pilar central y una superficie anular redondeada de forma concava que rodee el pilar central, el extremo de la seccion de remache que se proyecta fuera de los componentes puede ser deformado o calibrado para formar un bordon de remache, disponiendose el pilar central del boton - matriz, de modo preferente, de forma divergente en la direccion alejada de la brida. Cuando no se esta satisfecho con las propiedades mecanicas del bordon de remache formado por medio del embolo o con su conformacion o desea mejorarlas, entonces esto puede tener lugar de acuerdo con lo analizado directamente como se explico con anterioridad con la ayuda de un segundo boton - matriz que forme completamente el bordon de remache y corrija su forma, por ejemplo, en el sentido de los contactos alineados del bordon con el componente directo adyacente y no se situa en contacto unicamente por encima de un area pequena.In the procedure described above, an additional process step can take place, for example, using a second matrix-button with a central pillar and a concave rounded annular surface surrounding the central pillar, the end of the rivet section that is projecting outside the components can be deformed or calibrated to form a rivet bead, the central pillar of the button-array being arranged, preferably, divergently in the direction away from the flange. When you are not satisfied with the mechanical properties of the rivet bead formed by means of the embolus or with its conformation or you wish to improve them, then this can take place according to what has been directly analyzed as explained previously with the help of a second button - matrix that completely forms the rivet of the rivet and corrects its shape, for example, in the direction of the aligned contacts of the bordon with the adjacent direct component and is not placed in contact only above a small area.
La invencion se refiere tambien a unos aparatos que estan disenados para desarrollar el procedimiento. Dichos aparatos ventajosos pueden analizarse a partir de las reivindicaciones 13 y 14.The invention also relates to devices that are designed to develop the procedure. Said advantageous apparatus can be analyzed from claims 13 and 14.
A continuacion se describiran con mayor detalle otros desarrollos de la invencion con referencia a formas de realizacion practicas y a los dibujos, en los cuales se muestran:Next, other developments of the invention will be described in greater detail with reference to practical embodiments and drawings, in which are shown:
Figs. 1A a 1C un remache de acuerdo con la invencion y efectivamente en una vista desde un extremo (Fig. 1A) sobre la seccion de remache del remache punzonador, en una vista lateral parcialmente en seccion (Fig. 1B) en una representacion en perspectiva (Fig. 1C),Figs. 1A to 1C a rivet according to the invention and effectively in a view from one end (Fig. 1A) on the rivet section of the punching rivet, in a partially sectioned side view (Fig. 1B) in a perspective representation ( Fig. 1C),
Figs. 2A a 2C representaciones de las tres fases de la fijacion de un remache punzonador de acuerdo con las Figs.Figs. 2A to 2C representations of the three phases of fixing a punching rivet according to Figs.
1A a 1C para que dos componentes queden asegurados entre sf, mostrando la Fig. 2A la posicion inicial, la Fig.2B el tratamiento de los elementos de acuerdo con la Fig. 2A y la Fig. 2C el resultante primer producto,1A to 1C so that two components are secured between each other, Fig. 2A showing the initial position, Fig. 2B the treatment of the elements according to Fig. 2A and Fig. 2C the resulting first product,
Figs. 3A a 3C representaciones de fases adicionales del tratamiento del primer producto de la Fig. 2C, en este caso mostrado de nuevo como Fig. 3A, por medio del aparato de la Fig. 3B con el fin de generar un producto acabado de acuerdo con la Fig. 3C,Figs. 3A to 3C representations of additional phases of the treatment of the first product of Fig. 2C, in this case again shown as Fig. 3A, by means of the apparatus of Fig. 3B in order to generate a finished product in accordance with the Fig. 3C,
Figs. 4A a 4C un remache punzonador adicional de acuerdo con la invencion y efectivamente en una vista desde un extremo (Fig. 4A) sobre la seccion de remache del remache punzonador, y en una vista lateral parcialmente seccionada (Fig. 4B) y en una representacion en perspectiva (Fig. 4C),Figs. 4A to 4C an additional punching rivet according to the invention and effectively in a view from one end (Fig. 4A) on the rivet section of the punching rivet, and in a partially sectioned side view (Fig. 4B) and in a representation in perspective (Fig. 4C),
Figs. 5A a 5G una serie de dibujos para explicar el procedimiento del remache punzonador de acuerdo con la invencion y de acuerdo con las Figs. 4A a 4C, mostrando la Fig. 5A la posicion inicial, mostrando la Fig. 5Bl la situacion de despues del cierre de las herramientas utilizadas y mostrando la Fig. 5C el ensamblaje de los compones acabado,Figs. 5A to 5G a series of drawings to explain the procedure of the punching rivet according to the invention and according to Figs. 4A to 4C, showing Fig. 5A the initial position, showing Fig. 5Bl the situation after the closing of the tools used and showing Fig. 5C the assembly of the finished composites,
Figs. 6A a 6E una serie de dibujos para explicar un tratammiento alternativo del remache punzonador de acuerdo con la invencion y de acuerdo con las Figs. 1A a 1C, mostrando la Fig. 6A la posicion inicial, mostrando la Fig. 6B la situacion despues de la introduccion de los componentes en las herramientas que son utilizadas, mostrando la Fig. 6C la situacion despues del cierre de las herramientas que son utilizadas, mostrando la Fig. 6D la retirada de los pedazos perforados y mostrando la Fig. 6E el montaje de los componentes acabados,Figs. 6A to 6E a series of drawings to explain an alternative treatment of the punching rivet according to the invention and according to Figs. 1A to 1C, showing Fig. 6A the initial position, showing Fig. 6B the situation after the introduction of the components in the tools that are used, showing Fig. 6C the situation after the closing of the tools that are used , showing Fig. 6D the removal of the perforated pieces and showing Fig. 6E the assembly of the finished components,
Fig. 7 un miembro de retencion de acuerdo con la invencion en una representacion en perspectiva.Fig. 7 a retention member according to the invention in a perspective representation.
Con referencia ahora a las Figs. 1A a 1C, en ellas se muestra un remache 10 punzonador para la fijacion de unos componentes 40,42 individuales uno con otro (Fig. 2A) de los cuales al menos un componente 40 esta formado mediante una pieza de trabajo de material compuesto.With reference now to Figs. 1A to 1C, there is shown a punching punch 10 for fixing individual components 40.42 with one another (Fig. 2A) of which at least one component 40 is formed by a composite work piece.
el remache 10 punzonador incorpora una brida 12 de gran diametro D1, una seccion 14 de remache de diametro mas pequeno D2 y una superficie 18 de contacto de componente en forma de anillo en el lado 16 de a brida adyacente a la seccion 14 de remache y que rodea la seccion 14 de remache. La seccion 14 de remache presentathe punching rivet 10 incorporates a flange 12 of large diameter D1, a section 14 of smaller diameter rivet D2 and a ring-shaped component contact surface 18 on the flange side 16 adjacent to the rivet section 14 and surrounding section 14 rivet. Section 14 Rivet Presents
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en su extremo 20 libre una superficie 22 anular para la perforacion de los dos componentes 40, 42 que se situa al menos sustancialmente en perpendicular con respecto al eje geometrico 24 longitudinal central del remache 10 punzonador y presenta una superficie 26 anular concava interna que forma la transicion desde la cara 22 terminal del remache l0 punzonador hasta el interior del espacio 28 interno hueco de la seccion de remache. Esta superficie 26 anular concava no es esencial y tampoco es esencial para la superficie 22 anular situarse estrictamente en perpendicular con respecto al eje geometrico 24 longitudinal central, podna formar un angulo encerrado de 80 a 100° con el eje geometrico longitudinal y podna tambien ser redondeado.at its free end 20 an annular surface 22 for the perforation of the two components 40, 42 which is at least substantially perpendicular with respect to the central longitudinal geometric axis 24 of the punching rivet 10 and has an internal concave annular surface 26 forming the transition from the face 22 terminal of the rivet 10 punch to the interior of the hollow internal space 28 of the rivet section. This concave annular surface 26 is not essential and it is also not essential for the annular surface 22 to be strictly perpendicular with respect to the central longitudinal geometric axis 24, it could form an angle enclosed from 80 to 100 ° with the longitudinal geometric axis and could also be rounded .
La superficie 18 de contacto de componente se muestra aqrn como una superficie conica, lo que tampoco en este caso es esencial, esta superficie podna disponerse en perpendicular con respecto al eje geometrico longitudinal. Estos rebajos 30 y unos salientes 32 estan situados en la superficie 18 de contacto de componente que se muestran como elementos caractensticos que proporcionan seguridad contra la rotacion para los elementos de perno. Dichos elementos caractensticos 30 y 32 no son esenciales para un remache 10 punzonador porque para la seguridad de los remaches 10 punzonadores contra la rotacion no se requiere. No obstante contribuyen a conseguir una conexion mtima con el componente adyacente.The component contact surface 18 is shown here as a conical surface, which in this case is also not essential, this surface could be arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis. These recesses 30 and projections 32 are located on the component contact surface 18 shown as characteristic elements that provide security against rotation for the bolt elements. Such characteristic elements 30 and 32 are not essential for a punch 10 punch because for the safety of the rivets 10 punch pins against rotation is not required. However they contribute to achieving a minimal connection with the adjacent component.
El area de la superficie 18 de contacto de componente se define por el diametro de la brida 12 y esta debe ser seleccionada lo suficientemente amplia para que la presion superficial este disenada para el material con respecto a las propiedades del primer componente y de las fuerzas que se originan en la operacion a partir del remache 10 punzonador o que son transmitidas por el remache punzonador. La seccion 14 de remache presenta un espacio 28 interno hueco cilmdrico recto y una superficie de camisa cilmdrica recta. La longitud de la seccion de remache excede el grosor total de los componentes que deben quedar asegurados entre sf por una cantidad que permita la formacion de un bordon de remache.The area of the component contact surface 18 is defined by the diameter of the flange 12 and this must be selected wide enough so that the surface pressure is designed for the material with respect to the properties of the first component and the forces that they originate in the operation from the punching punch 10 or are transmitted by the punching punch. The rivet section 14 has a straight hollow cylindrical internal space 28 and a straight cylindrical sleeve surface. The length of the rivet section exceeds the total thickness of the components that must be secured together by an amount that allows the formation of a rivet bordon.
En este ejemplo, el remache 10 punzonador tiene forma hueca, esto es de manera que un paso central correspondiente al espacio 28 interno hueco se extienda a lo largo de toda la longitud del remache hueco.In this example, the punching rivet 10 has a hollow shape, this is so that a central passage corresponding to the hollow inner space 28 extends along the entire length of the hollow rivet.
La referencia numeral 34 apunta a un filete que forma la transicion desde la seccion 14 de remache hasta el interior de la superficie 18 de contacto con un metal en chapa.The reference numeral 34 points to a fillet that forms the transition from the rivet section 14 to the inside of the contact surface 18 with a sheet metal.
A continuacion se describira con referencia a las Figs. 2A a 2C el procedimiento de fijacion de los componentes 40, 42 individuales entre si utilizando un remache punzonador con el fin de formar un primer producto. En este ejemplo al menos se forma el componente 40 superior mediante una pieza de trabajo de material compuesto. El componente 42 puede ser una parte de metal en chapa o puede ser tambien una pieza de trabajo de material compuesto. Debe entenderse que en esta aplicacion (incluyendo las reivindicaciones de la patente), el termino "material compuesto" se utiliza en el sentido de la definicion arriba resenada. Debe tambien destacarse que el remache punzonador puede estar fijado de tal manera que la superficie 18 de contacto de componente se situe dispuesta, como aqrn se muestra, sobre el componente 40 superior o invertido, para que contacte con el componente 42 de metal en chapa. Asf mismo, el procedimiento no queda restringido a la fijacion de dos componentes entre sfNext, it will be described with reference to Figs. 2A to 2C the method of fixing the individual components 40, 42 together using a punching rivet in order to form a first product. In this example at least the upper component 40 is formed by a composite work piece. The component 42 can be a sheet metal part or it can also be a composite work piece. It should be understood that in this application (including patent claims), the term "composite material" is used in the sense of the definition outlined above. It should also be noted that the punching rivet can be fixed in such a way that the component contact surface 18 is arranged, as shown here, on the upper or inverted component 40, so that it contacts the sheet metal component 42. Likewise, the procedure is not restricted to the fixation of two components between each other.
En la Fig. 2A, el remache 10 punzonador de la Fig. 1A bis 1C esta dispuesto por encima del primer componente 40, estando disenada la cara 20 terminal libre de la seccion 14 de remache para perforar las dos piezas de trabajo 40, 42, y presentando asf mismo, el remache punzonador un paso central que se extiende sobre la total longitud del remache hueco, el procedimiento incluye las siguientes etapas:In Fig. 2A, the punching rivet 10 of Fig. 1A bis 1C is disposed above the first component 40, the free terminal face 20 of the rivet section 14 being designed to pierce the two work pieces 40, 42, and also presenting, the punching rivet a central passage that extends over the total length of the hollow rivet, the procedure includes the following steps:
a) La disposicion del boton - matriz 50 contra uno de los componentes que deben quedar asegurados entre sf y que estan situados uno encima de otro, presentando el boton - matriz un taladro 52 que esta dimensionado para recibir la seccion 14 de remache, esto es, presenta un diametro que se corresponde con la de la seccion de remache o es mayor de modo fraccional con esta.a) The arrangement of the button-matrix 50 against one of the components that must be secured between each other and that are located one above the other, the button-matrix presenting a hole 52 that is sized to receive the rivet section 14, that is , has a diameter that corresponds to that of the rivet section or is fractionally larger with it.
b) La realizacion de un desplazamiento relativo del remache 10 punzonador en la direccion 54 de la flecha por medio de la cabeza 60 perforadora con el extremo 20 libre de la seccion de remache hacia delante contra los componentes 40, 42 dispuestos uno encima de otro y en la direccion del boton - matriz 50. Con este fin, la cabeza perforadora presenta un rebajo 62 que recibe la brida 12 del remache punzonador.b) The realization of a relative displacement of the punching rivet 10 in the direction 54 of the arrow by means of the piercing head 60 with the free end 20 of the rivet section forward against the components 40, 42 arranged one above the other and in the direction of the button-die 50. For this purpose, the piercing head has a recess 62 that receives the flange 12 of the punching rivet.
c) La perforacion de los componentes 40, 42 con el extremo 22 libre de la seccion 14 de remache y la introduccion de la seccion de remache dentro del taladro 52 del boton - matriz 50 hasta que la superficie 18 de contacto de componente se situe en contacto con el componente 40 adyacente a la brida 12. Al mismo tiempo, el lado inferior 64 de la cabeza perforante se situa en contacto con el componente 40 superior. Tras la perforacion de los componentes un pedazo de perforacion (no mostrado aqrn) se produce a partir de cada componente que cae a traves del taladro 52 junto con cualquier material desintegrado de los componentes 40, 42.c) The perforation of the components 40, 42 with the free end 22 of the rivet section 14 and the introduction of the rivet section into the bore 52 of the button-die 50 until the component contact surface 18 is placed in contact with the component 40 adjacent to the flange 12. At the same time, the lower side 64 of the piercing head is in contact with the upper component 40. After the perforation of the components a piece of perforation (not shown here) is produced from each component that falls through the hole 52 together with any disintegrated material of the components 40, 42.
d) La utilizacion de un embolo 66 con el fin de, al menos localmente, dilatar el remache 10 punzonador. En relacion con ello se puede apreciar en la fig. 2B que el embolo 66 es guiado dentro de un taladro 68 de la cabeza 60 perforadora para un desplazamiento axial en la direccion 54 de la flecha con respecto a la cabeza 60 perforadora a lo largo del eje geometrico 24 longitudinal central del remache punzonador, esto es, de la perforacion o cabeza de ajuste. La dilatacion es evidente a partir de los numeros de referencia 72d) The use of a plunger 66 in order to, at least locally, dilate the punch 10. In this connection, it can be seen in fig. 2B that the plunger 66 is guided within a bore 68 of the drill head 60 for axial displacement in the direction 54 of the arrow with respect to the drill head 60 along the central longitudinal geometric axis 24 of the punching rivet, that is , of the perforation or adjustment head. Dilation is evident from reference numbers 72
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de la Fig. 2C, sobre todo a traves de la transicion 74 hasta el interior del diametro 36 interno original de la seccion 14 de remache donde esta transicion 74 aqm esta formada por el resalto 78 anular del embolo 66 que se situa aproximadamente en el nivel del lado inferior del componente 42 inferior de la Fig. 2B. El resalto 78 anular esta formado mediante un ahusamiento del embolo en la direccion hacia el extremo inferior para que la dilatacion del espacio 28 hueco del remache 10 punzonador tenga lugar de manera progresiva. El resalto 78 anular tiene un diametro maximo mayor que el diametro mas pequeno del paso 36 pero considerablemente mas pequeno que el diametro exterior de la seccion 14 de remache del remache 10 punzonador.of Fig. 2C, especially through the transition 74 to the interior of the original internal diameter 36 of the rivet section 14 where this transition 74 here is formed by the annular shoulder 78 of the plunger 66 which is located approximately at the level on the lower side of the lower component 42 of Fig. 2B. The annular shoulder 78 is formed by tapering the plunger in the direction towards the lower end so that the expansion of the hollow space 28 of the punching rivet 10 takes place progressively. The annular shoulder 78 has a maximum diameter larger than the smallest diameter of step 36 but considerably smaller than the outer diameter of the rivet section 14 of the punch rivet 10.
El ensamblaje del componente que ha surgido a partir del procedimiento anteriormente descrito se muestra en la Fig. 2C. Puede ser designado como un primer producto que avanza en el contexto de un procedimiento de dos vfas o dos etapas a partir de la primera etapa. La segunda etapa se muestra en las Figs. 3A a 3C, en este sentido el dibujo de acuerdo con la Fig. 3A es identico al dibujo de acuerdo con la Fig. 2C y solo se repitio con el fin de simplificar la representacion.The assembly of the component that has arisen from the procedure described above is shown in Fig. 2C. It can be designated as a first product that advances in the context of a two-way or two-stage procedure from the first stage. The second stage is shown in Figs. 3A to 3C, in this sense the drawing according to Fig. 3A is identical to the drawing according to Fig. 2C and was only repeated in order to simplify the representation.
En la segunda etapa del proceso de fabricacion el primer producto sigue siendo procesado hasta culminar el producto acabado y efectivamente mediante la etapa adicional siguiente:In the second stage of the manufacturing process the first product is still processed until the finished product is finished and effectively by the following additional stage:
e) La formacion de un bordon 80 de remache mediante la conformacion de la region 15 terminal libre de la seccion 14 de remache con el fin de sujetar los componentes 40, 42 entre la brida 12 y el bordon 80 de remache. Esto tiene lugar con el boton - matriz 90 de la Fig. 3B. Este boton - matriz 90 esta provisto de un pilar 92 central y de una superficie 94 anular redondeada de forma concava que rodea el pilar 92 central de manera que el extremo de la seccion 14 de remache alejado de la brida 12 que se proyecta por fuera de los componentes 40, 42 sea rechazado para formar un bordon 80 de remache. El producto acabado puede apreciarse en la Fig. 3C.e) The formation of a rivet bead 80 by forming the free terminal region 15 of the rivet section 14 in order to hold the components 40, 42 between the flange 12 and the rivet bead 80. This takes place with the matrix button 90 of Fig. 3B. This matrix button 90 is provided with a central pillar 92 and a concavely rounded annular surface 94 that surrounds the central pillar 92 so that the end of the rivet section 14 away from the flange 12 projecting outside The components 40, 42 are rejected to form a rivet 80 of rivet. The finished product can be seen in Fig. 3C.
La fijacion del remache punzonador por medio de la cabeza 60 perforante y del boton - matriz 50, de manera opcional mientras se utiliza el otro boton - matriz 90, se ha unicamente representado anteriormente con la finalidad de explicar los principios.The fixing of the punching rivet by means of the piercing head 60 and the button-matrix 50, optionally while using the other button-matrix 90, has only been previously represented in order to explain the principles.
Para la fijacion del remache 10 punzonador es normalmente introducido en una llamada cabeza de ajuste o perforacion insertada dentro de una prensa y que distribuye remaches punzonadores o elementos de sujecion uno despues del otro en una secuencia de piezas de trabajo 40, 42. En conexion con ello, un miembro de retencion cargado por resorte (tampoco mostrado pero conocido en sf mismo) es normalmente utilizado para rodear el remache punzonador o el elemento de sujecion y que sirve para presionar la pieza de trabajo, aqm los componentes 40, 42 contra la cara terminal del boton - matriz 50 para que la pieza de trabajo 40, 42 pueda mantenerse en su posicion prevista y sujetada de forma conjunta. El remache 10 punzonador o el elemento de fijacion es normalmente desplazado en la direccion hacia la pieza de trabajo 40, 42 por medio de un embolo (tampoco mostrado) de la cabeza 60 perforante en la direccion hacia la pieza de trabajo 40, 42, estando la cabeza perforante disenada de manera que una secuencia de remaches 10 punzonadores puedan ser alimentados a la cabeza perforante pero solo sea suministrado un remache 10 punzonador a la respectiva pieza de trabajo, aqm consistente en dos componentes 40, 42 y punzonados dentro de la pieza de trabajo para cada carrera de la prensa.For the fixing of the punching rivet 10 it is normally introduced in a so-called adjustment or perforation head inserted into a press and which distributes punching rivets or fasteners one after the other in a sequence of work pieces 40, 42. In connection with Thus, a spring loaded retaining member (also not shown but known in itself) is normally used to surround the punching rivet or the clamping element and which serves to press the workpiece, here the components 40, 42 against the face button terminal - matrix 50 so that the workpiece 40, 42 can be maintained in its intended position and held together. The punching rivet 10 or the fixing element is normally moved in the direction towards the workpiece 40, 42 by means of a plunger (not shown) of the piercing head 60 in the direction towards the workpiece 40, 42, being the piercing head designed so that a sequence of rivets 10 punching machines can be fed to the piercing head but only a punching rivet 10 is supplied to the respective workpiece, aqm consisting of two components 40, 42 and punching inside the workpiece. I work for every career of the press.
Como se analizo anteriormente, el boton - matriz 50 esta situado por debajo de la pieza de trabajo 40, 42 y normalmente tiene forma cilindrica que se introduce en un correspondiente taladro (no mostrado) de una herramienta de recepcion (tampoco mostrada).As discussed above, the 50-matrix button is located below the workpiece 40, 42 and normally has a cylindrical shape that is inserted into a corresponding hole (not shown) of a receiving tool (also not shown).
Como es habitual, los elementos de fijacion o sujecion, este analisis se refiere a una cabeza 60 perforante que esta dispuesta en una herramienta superior de una prensa o en una platina intermedia de la prensa, mientras que la herramienta que recibe el boton - matriz 50 es la platina intermedia de la prensa o la herramienta inferior de la prensa, respectivamente. Una disposicion invertida tambien sena posible en la que la cabeza de ajuste estuviera dispuesta en la herramienta inferior de la prensa o en una platina intermedia de la prensa y el extremo 20 libre de la seccion 14 de remache estuviera dirigido hacia arriba, mientras que el boton - matriz 50, el cual a continuacion estuviera encarado hacia abajo, fuera a continuacion situada en la platina intermedia o en la herramienta superior de la prensa, respectivamente, una disposicion que se analizara con mayor detalle a continuacion en conexion con la Fig. 6B.As usual, the fasteners or fasteners, this analysis refers to a perforating head 60 that is arranged in an upper tool of a press or in an intermediate plate of the press, while the tool that receives the button-matrix 50 it is the intermediate plate of the press or the lower tool of the press, respectively. An inverted arrangement will also be possible in which the adjustment head was arranged in the lower tool of the press or in an intermediate press plate and the free end 20 of the rivet section 14 was directed upwards, while the button - Matrix 50, which was then facing down, then placed in the intermediate stage or in the upper tool of the press, respectively, an arrangement that will be analyzed in greater detail below in connection with Fig. 6B.
De ninguna manera es esencial utilizar una prensa para la fijacion del remache punzonador a la pieza de trabajo. A modo de ejemplo, un robot, por ejemplo de acuerdo con la Patente europea 0 691 900 podna ser utilizado, transportandose entonces el boton - matriz 50 y la cabeza perforada mediante el robot. Sin embargo, una herramienta de percusion u otra herramienta podna utilizarse para la fijacion del remache punzonador a los componentes, por ejemplo una herramienta de acuerdo con uno de los siguientes derechos protectores DE-PS 197 47 267, EP 0 890 397 O DE-PS 197 01 088.In no way is it essential to use a press for fixing the punching rivet to the workpiece. By way of example, a robot, for example according to European Patent 0 691 900 could be used, then transporting the 50-matrix button and the head pierced by the robot. However, a percussion tool or other tool could be used for fixing the punching rivet to the components, for example a tool according to one of the following protective rights DE-PS 197 47 267, EP 0 890 397 OR DE-PS 197 01 088.
Efectivamente es una costumbre habitual fijar los elementos 10 de sujecion a una pieza de trabajo con el eje geometrico 24 longitudinal central dispuesto en vertical. Sin embargo, una orientacion de este tipo no es en modo alguno esencial. En lugar de ello, el eje geometrico 24 longitudinal podna presentar cualquier orientacion deseadaIt is indeed a customary practice to fix the fastening elements 10 to a workpiece with the central longitudinal geometric axis 24 arranged vertically. However, such an orientation is by no means essential. Instead, the longitudinal geometric axis 24 could present any desired orientation.
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en el espacio. Por consiguiente, cuando los terminos geometricos, como por ejemplo vertical o superior o de fondo o por encima o por debajo son utilizados en esta aplicacion, entonces debe entenderse de tal manera que las designaciones simplemente se refieren a la orientacion de la correspondiente figura y de ningun modo deben interpretarse de modo restrictivo.in the space. Therefore, when the geometric terms, such as vertical or top or bottom or above or below are used in this application, then it should be understood in such a way that the designations simply refer to the orientation of the corresponding figure and of no mode should be interpreted restrictively.
Dependiendo de la finalidad que pretenden satisfacer en la forma de un producto acabado de acuerdo con la Fig. 3C, la fabricacion en dos pasadas de acuerdo con las Figs. 2A a 2C, por un lado, y las Figs. 3A a 3C, por el otro, tambien pueden tener lugar de diferentes maneras. La fabricacion del primer producto y del producto acabado pueden tener lugar en diferentes etapas de la planta, por ejemplo en una herramienta progresiva si las partes de metal en chapa mas pequenas estan destinadas a quedar fijadas a los componentes compuestos, sobre todo cuando una pluralidad de operaciones deben llevarse a cabo y pueden realizarse en una prensa. Como alternativa, el primer producto puede ser fabricado en una planta y el producto final en una segunda planta de la misma factona. Las dos plantas pueden ser parte de un sistema de transferencia; o las dos plantas pueden ser situadas en diferentes emplazamientos en la misma factona o en factonas diferentes o en diferentes areas de la misma sala de produccion.Depending on the purpose that they intend to fulfill in the form of a finished product according to Fig. 3C, the manufacture in two passes according to Figs. 2A to 2C, on the one hand, and Figs. 3A to 3C, on the other hand, can also take place in different ways. The manufacture of the first product and the finished product can take place at different stages of the plant, for example in a progressive tool if the smaller sheet metal parts are intended to be fixed to the composite components, especially when a plurality of operations must be carried out and can be performed in a press. Alternatively, the first product can be manufactured in one plant and the final product in a second plant of the same bill. The two plants can be part of a transfer system; or the two plants can be located in different locations in the same bill or in different bills or in different areas of the same production room.
Asf mismo, existe la posibilidad de colocar un componente adicional preagujereado (no mostrado) en la segunda etapa de fabricacion de acuerdo con las Figs. 3A a 3C sobre la seccion de remache en saliente contra el lado inferior del segundo componente 42 y este componente adicional (que tambien puede consistir en varios componentes) puede entonces ser fijado a los dos primeros componentes 40 y 42 designados mediante el bordon 80 de remache posteriormente formado.Likewise, there is the possibility of placing an additional pre-stacked component (not shown) in the second manufacturing stage according to Figs. 3A to 3C on the protruding rivet section against the lower side of the second component 42 and this additional component (which may also consist of several components) can then be fixed to the first two components 40 and 42 designated by the rivet 80 subsequently formed.
El procedimiento que se acaba de analizar anteriormente puede tambien tener lugar de tal manera que los pedazos 56 de perforacion que se producen sean retirados como se indica por medio del taladro 52 de preferencia divergente del primer boton - matriz 50.The procedure just discussed above can also take place in such a way that the perforation pieces 56 that are produced are removed as indicated by the drill 52 preferably divergent from the first button-die 50.
Es particularmente favorable que el paso 36 central se extienda sobre toda la longitud del remache hueco y presente una proyeccion 38 dirigida hacia dentro en la region de la seccion 14 de remache como se muestra en las Figs. 4A a 4C. Estas Figuras muestran una forma alternativa del remache 10 punzonador que esta provista de las mismas referencias numerales como en las Figs. 1A a 1C. Se debe entender que las partes que estan provistas de los mismos numerales de referencia presentan la misma forma o funcion que las partes anteriormente descritas a menos que se establezca lo contrario, para que una descripcion renovada de las partes, o de su funcion, no se requiera, sino que mas bien se aplique la descripcion anterior. Esta conveccion tambien se aplica a todas las partes descritas en la presente memoria y la descripcion ulterior se concentrara unicamente en las diferencias. Aqrn, la diferencia unicamente estriba en el hecho de que el paso 36 del remache punzonador presenta una proyeccion 38 dirigida hacia dentro en la region del extremo libre en la seccion 14 de remache.It is particularly favorable that the central passage 36 extends over the entire length of the hollow rivet and has a projection 38 directed inward in the region of the rivet section 14 as shown in Figs. 4A to 4C. These Figures show an alternative form of the punching rivet 10 which is provided with the same numeral references as in Figs. 1A to 1C. It should be understood that the parts that are provided with the same reference numerals have the same form or function as the previously described parts unless otherwise stated, so that a renewed description of the parts, or of their function, is not require, but rather the above description applies. This convection also applies to all parts described herein and the subsequent description will only focus on the differences. Here, the difference lies only in the fact that the passage 36 of the punching rivet has a projection 38 directed inward in the region of the free end in the rivet section 14.
Con este diseno del remache 10 punzonador, el procedimiento a continuacion avanza como se muestra en las Figs. 5A a 5C.With this design of the punching rivet 10, the procedure then proceeds as shown in Figs. 5A to 5C.
En estas Figuras, despues de la perforacion de los componentes 40, 42 por el extremo 20 libre de la seccion 14 de remache, el resalto 78 anular es introducido en el paso 36 del remache 10 punzonador hasta que se situa en contacto con la proyeccion 38 dirigida hacia dentro de la seccion 14 de remache y presiona esta ultima y la region 15 terminal libre de la seccion de remache hacia fuera, con el fin de formar un bordon 80 de remache de acuerdo con la Fig. 5C. Con ello el primer producto es terminado y cuenta como producto acabado dado que este es un bordon 80 de remache de gran calidad.In these Figures, after the perforation of the components 40, 42 by the free end 20 of the rivet section 14, the annular shoulder 78 is introduced in step 36 of the punching rivet 10 until it is in contact with the projection 38 directed into the rivet section 14 and press the latter and the free terminal region 15 of the rivet section outward, in order to form a rivet bordon 80 according to Fig. 5C. With this, the first product is finished and counts as a finished product since this is a high quality rivet 80.
Si se desea incorporar una mejor conformacion del bordon 80 de remache entonces esto se puede conseguir utilizando las herramientas por encima de todo el boton - matriz 90 que se muestran en las Figs. 3A a 3C y que fueron descritas en combinacion con estas Figuras. Dado que, en este caso, es necesaria una gran deformacion del remache se puede hablar aqrn de una calibracion del bordon de remache.If it is desired to incorporate a better conformation of the rivet bead 80 then this can be achieved using the tools above the entire button-die 90 shown in Figs. 3A to 3C and which were described in combination with these Figures. Since, in this case, a large deformation of the rivet is necessary, it is possible to talk about a calibration of the rivet.
A continuacion se analizara, con referencia a las Figs. 6A a 6E un proceso alternativo para la fijacion del remache 10 punzonador de acuerdo con las Figs. 1A a 1C. La Fig. 6A muestra en primer lugar la disposicion geometrico general de las partes con el remache 10 punzonador por debajo del componente 40 de la brida en el fondo y el extremo 20 libre de la seccion 14 de remache directamente por debajo del primer componente 40. El componente 42 esta aqrn dispuesto por encima del primer componente 40 lo que, sin embargo, no es esencial. Como se puede apreciar en la Fig. 6B, en esta forma de realizacion se utiliza un boton - matriz 100 que presenta un rebajo 102 de cara terminal que recibe la brida 12 del remache punzonador sobre un lado de los componentes 40, 42 los cuales estan situados uno sobre otro, en este caso por debajo de los componentes 40, 42. El boton - matriz 100 presenta un paso 104 que comienza desde el centro del rebajo 102 anular y esta dimensionado para rechazar los pedazos 56 de perforacion (Fig. 6C) y la seccion 14 de remache del remache 10 punzonador se proyecta fuera de la cara 106 terminal del botonNext, it will be analyzed, with reference to Figs. 6A to 6E an alternative process for fixing the punching punch 10 according to Figs. 1A to 1C. Fig. 6A first shows the general geometric arrangement of the parts with the punching rivet 10 below the flange component 40 at the bottom and the free end 20 of the rivet section 14 directly below the first component 40. Component 42 is still disposed above the first component 40 which, however, is not essential. As can be seen in Fig. 6B, in this embodiment a button-matrix 100 is used that has a terminal face recess 102 that receives the flange 12 of the punching rivet on one side of the components 40, 42 which are located one above the other, in this case below the components 40, 42. The button-matrix 100 has a passage 104 that starts from the center of the annular recess 102 and is sized to reject the perforation pieces 56 (Fig. 6C) and the rivet section 14 of the rivet 10 punch is projected out of the terminal face 106 of the button
- matriz 100 incluyendo el procedimiento las siguientes etapas:- matrix 100 including the procedure the following steps:
- la utilizacion de un miembro 110 de retencion sobre el otro lado de los componentes 40, 42 que estan situados uno contra otro,- the use of a retaining member 110 on the other side of the components 40, 42 that are located against each other,
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- la perforacion de los componentes 40, 42 con el extremo 20 libre de la seccion 14 de remache mediante un desplazamiento relativo en la direccion de la flecha entre el boton - matriz 100 y el miembro 110 de retencion hasta que la seccion 14 de remache sea recibida dentro de un paso 112 del miembro 110 de retencion y la superficie 18 de contacto de componente se situe en contacto con el componente 40 adyacente a la brida 12, siendo los pedazos 56 de perforacion generados a partir de los componentes 40, 42,- the perforation of the components 40, 42 with the free end 20 of the rivet section 14 by a relative displacement in the direction of the arrow between the button - matrix 100 and the retaining member 110 until the rivet section 14 is received within a passage 112 of the retaining member 110 and the component contact surface 18 is in contact with the component 40 adjacent to the flange 12, the perforation pieces 56 being generated from the components 40, 42,
- el desplazamiento de un embolo 114 a traves del paso 112 del miembro 110 de retencion y a traves del paso 36 del remache 10 punzonador presentando el embolo 114 una region 116 terminal delantera y un resalto 118 anular dispuesto por detras de la region 116 terminal delantera, presionando la region 116 terminal delantera del embolo los pedazos de perforacion a traves del paso 36 del remache punzonador y siendo conformado la region 15 terminal libre de la seccion 14 de remache que se proyecta en el lado de los componentes 40, 42 alejados de la brida 12 por el resalto 118 anular dentro del bordon 120 de remache.- the movement of a plunger 114 through the passage 112 of the retaining member 110 and through the passage 36 of the punching rivet 10 the plunger 114 presenting a front terminal region 116 and an annular shoulder 118 arranged behind the front terminal region 116, by pressing the region 116 front terminal of the plunger the perforation pieces through step 36 of the punching rivet and the free terminal region 15 being formed of the rivet section 14 projecting on the side of the components 40, 42 away from the flange 12 by the annular shoulder 118 inside the rivet 120 of rivet.
Son posibles variantes del procedimiento anteriormente analizado. Por ejemplo, no es esencial que el paso 36 del remache 10 punzonador este dilatado en la region de los componentes 40, 42 por el embolo 114 o por su resalto 118 anular, sera suficiente si solo la region 20 terminal libre de la seccion 14 de remache que se proyecta fuera de los componentes 40, 42 es reconformada sobre el bordon 120 de remache por el resalto 118 anular.Variants of the procedure discussed above are possible. For example, it is not essential that the passage 36 of the punching rivet 10 is dilated in the region of the components 40, 42 by the plunger 114 or by its annular shoulder 118, it will be sufficient if only the free terminal region 20 of the section 14 of rivet projecting out of the components 40, 42 is reconformed on the rivet 120 of the rivet by the annular shoulder 118.
Asf mismo, existe la posibilidad de reconformar o calibrar el bordon 120 de remache por medio de un boton - matriz 90 de acuerdo con la Fig. 3B.Likewise, there is the possibility of reconforming or calibrating the rivet bead 120 by means of a matrix button 90 according to Fig. 3B.
El boton - matriz 100 en la ilustracion de acuerdo con la Fig. 6B, es de hecho solo apropiado para un proceso de acumulacion en el que los remaches 10 punzonadores son depositados uno despues de otro dentro del boton - matriz 100. Para una produccion automatizada el boton - matriz 100 puede ser sustituido por una cabeza de ajuste o perforacion que permita el suministro automatico de los remaches 10 punzonadores.The button-matrix 100 in the illustration according to Fig. 6B, is in fact only suitable for an accumulation process in which the rivets 10 punching machines are deposited one after the other inside the button-matrix 100. For an automated production the button - matrix 100 can be replaced by an adjustment or perforation head that allows the automatic supply of the rivets 10 punching machines.
Asf mismo, el miembro 110 de retencion se muestra en la Fig. 6B como un componente macizo que tambien es basicamente posible. Sin embargo, es mejor utilizar una construccion del miembro de retencion de acuerdo con la Fig. 7.Likewise, the retaining member 110 is shown in Fig. 6B as a solid component that is also basically possible. However, it is better to use a construction of the retention member according to Fig. 7.
El miembro de retencion de acuerdo con la Fig. 7 esta equipado con unos segmentos 122 moviles. Los segmentos 122 estan en la posicion cerrada mostrada en una operacion en la que rodean la region 15 terminal libre de la seccion de remache sin huelgo o con escaso huelgo y pueden ser separados unos de otros con el fin de permitir la formacion del bordon 120 de remache. Ejemplos de botones - matriz con segmentos moviles son conocidos para el tratamiento de los remaches punzonadores en los que el material de metal en chapa no esta perforado (vease, por ejemplo, el documento WO 00/16928) y pueden ser modificados para la finalidad de la presente invencion con el fin de poner en practica el miembro 110 de retencion de acuerdo con la invencion.The retaining member according to Fig. 7 is equipped with mobile segments 122. The segments 122 are in the closed position shown in an operation in which they surround the free terminal region 15 of the rivet section without strike or with little strike and can be separated from each other in order to allow the formation of the bead 120 of rivet. Examples of buttons - matrix with mobile segments are known for the treatment of punching rivets in which the sheet metal material is not perforated (see, for example, WO 00/16928) and can be modified for the purpose of the present invention in order to implement the retention member 110 in accordance with the invention.
Asf mismo, el miembro 110 de retencion de la Fig. 7 puede ser parte de una cabeza de ajuste o perforacion. Una ventaja del miembro de retencion es que sirve para sujetar los componentes 40, 42 entre sf durante la operacion de perforacion, entre el mismo y el boton - matriz (por ejemplo 100), y esto es muy importante para conseguir una operacion de perforacion limpia.Likewise, the retaining member 110 of Fig. 7 may be part of an adjustment or piercing head. An advantage of the retaining member is that it serves to hold the components 40, 42 together during the drilling operation, between the same and the button-die (for example 100), and this is very important to achieve a clean drilling operation .
A continuacion se ofrecera un resumen de las formas de realizacion importantes que actualmente no se reivindican pero que pueden ser reivindicadas en lo sucesivo. En una de dichas formas de realizacion el embolo 66 presenta una region 69 de grna en el extremo adyacente al remache 10 punzonador y esta region de grna puede ser guiada dentro del paso 36 de la seccion de remache hueca.A summary of the important embodiments that are currently not claimed but which can be claimed hereafter will be given below. In one of said embodiments, the plunger 66 has a groove region 69 at the end adjacent to the punching rivet 10 and this crane region can be guided within step 36 of the hollow rivet section.
En otra forma de realizacion importante el paso 36 central del remache punzonador presenta un diametro 37 de tamano ampliado en la region de la brida 12 en comparacion con la seccion de remache hueca, con el diametro de tamano ampliado correspondiente al menos sustancialmente con el diametro del resalto 78 anular.In another important embodiment, the central passage 36 of the punching rivet has an enlarged diameter 37 in the region of the flange 12 compared to the hollow rivet section, with the enlarged diameter corresponding at least substantially to the diameter of the Highlight 78 override.
En otra forma de realizacion, el embolo presenta un diametro mas pequeno en el lado del resalto 38 anular alejado del remache 10 punzonador con el fin de reducir al mmimo las fuerzas de friccion dentro del paso 36.In another embodiment, the plunger has a smaller diameter on the side of the annular shoulder 38 away from the punching rivet 10 in order to minimize frictional forces within step 36.
En otra forma de realizacion mas, el aparato es utilizado en combinacion con un segundo boton - matriz 90 que presenta un pilar 92 central y una superficie 94 anular redondeada de manera concava que rodea el pilar central y que esta disenada para deformar mediante un bordon o calibrar la region 15 terminal de la seccion de remache que se proyecta fuera de los componentes 40, 42 alejados de la brida 12 adoptando un bordon 80 de remache y el pilar 92 central del boton - matriz 90 diverge en la direccion alejada de la brida 12 para dilatar la seccion 14 de remache durante la deformacion formando una brida o la calibracion del bordon de remache.In yet another embodiment, the apparatus is used in combination with a second button-matrix 90 having a central pillar 92 and a concavely rounded annular surface 94 that surrounds the central pillar and which is designed to deform by a bead or calibrate the terminal region 15 of the rivet section projecting out of the components 40, 42 away from the flange 12 adopting a rivet bead 80 and the central pillar 92 of the button - die 90 diverges in the direction away from the flange 12 to expand the rivet section 14 during deformation by forming a flange or the calibration of the rivet bead.
En otra forma de realizacion, el resalto 78 del embolo 66 que se ahusa en la direccion del extremo libre del embolo 66 adyacente al remache 10 punzonador tiene un diametro maximo mayor que el diametro del paso 36 del remache punzonador pero mas pequeno que el diametro exterior de la seccion 14 de remache, el embolo puede ser presionado dentro del paso 36 del remache punzonador, para provocar una dilatacion del paso 36 en la region de la proyeccion 38 dirigida hacia dentro del remache punzonador.In another embodiment, the shoulder 78 of the plunger 66 tapering in the direction of the free end of the plunger 66 adjacent to the punching rivet 10 has a maximum diameter greater than the diameter of the passage 36 of the punching rivet but smaller than the outside diameter of the rivet section 14, the plunger can be pressed into step 36 of the punching rivet, to cause a dilation of the passage 36 in the region of the projection 38 directed into the punching rivet.
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En otra forma de realizacion, el embolo 66 presenta una region 69 de gma en el extremo adyacente al remache 10 punzonador que puede ser guiada dentro de un paso 36 de la seccion 14 de remache hueca delante de la proyeccion 38 dirigida hacia dentro del remache punzonador.In another embodiment, the plunger 66 has a region 69 of gma at the end adjacent to the punching rivet 10 which can be guided within a passage 36 of the hollow rivet section 14 in front of the projection 38 directed into the punching rivet .
En otra forma de realizacion adicional, la region 116 terminal delantera del embolo 114 presenta un diametro mas pequeno que el diametro interno de la seccion 14 de remache y, de modo preferente, esta rodeada en el extremo libre con el fin de deformar los pedazos 56 de perforacion a traves de esta manera en forma de placa curva y reducirlos de diametro de manera que puedan mas facilmente ser presionados a traves de paso 36 del remache 10 punzonador dentro del paso 102.In a further embodiment, the front terminal region 116 of the plunger 114 has a smaller diameter than the internal diameter of the rivet section 14 and, preferably, is surrounded at the free end in order to deform the pieces 56 of perforation through this way in the form of a curved plate and reduce them in diameter so that they can more easily be pressed through passage 36 of the punching punch 10 within step 102.
En una forma de realizacion adicional, el miembro 110 de retencion, que puede ser parte de una cabeza de ajuste, esta equipado con unos segmentos 122 moviles los cuales, en operacion, en una posicion cerrada, pueden rodear la region 15 terminal libre de la seccion 14 de remache sin huelgo o con escaso huelgo y pueden ser separados con el fin de permitir la formacion del bordon 120 de remache.In a further embodiment, the retaining member 110, which may be part of an adjustment head, is equipped with mobile segments 122 which, in operation, in a closed position, may surround the free terminal region 15 of the section 14 of rivet without strike or with little strike and can be separated in order to allow the formation of rivet 120 of rivet.
En todas las formas de realizacion pueden ser incluidos materiales a modo de ejemplo a partir del material de los remaches punzonadores los cuales en el contexto de la deformacion en frio, consiguen unos valores de resistencia de clase 8 de acuerdo con el estandar ISO o superiores, por ejemplo una aleacion 35B2 de acuerdo con el DIN 1654. Tambien pueden utilizarse aleaciones de aluminio, en particular las de resistencias superior para los remaches punzonadores, por ejemplo, AlMg5. Tambien pueden tomarse en consideracion elementos de sujecion de aleaciones de magnesio de mayor resistencia como por ejemplo AM50.In all embodiments, materials may be included by way of example from the material of the punching rivets which, in the context of cold deformation, achieve class 8 resistance values in accordance with the ISO standard or higher, for example an alloy 35B2 according to DIN 1654. Aluminum alloys, in particular those of higher strengths for punching rivets, for example AlMg5, can also be used. Clamping elements of magnesium alloys of higher strength can also be taken into consideration such as AM50.
Lista de referencias numeralesList of numerical references
10 remache punzonador10 punching rivet
12 brida12 flange
14 seccion de remache14 rivet section
15 extremo libre de la seccion de remache15 free end of the rivet section
16 lado de la brida adyacente a la seccion de remache16 flange side adjacent to the rivet section
18 superficie de contacto de componente18 component contact surface
20 extremo20 extreme
22 superficie anular22 annular surface
24 eje geometrico longitudinal24 longitudinal geometric axis
26 superficie anular concava26 concave annular surface
28 espacio interno hueco de la seccion de remache28 hollow internal space of the rivet section
30 rebajos30 rebates
32 saliente32 outgoing
34 radio de filete34 steak radius
36 paso del remache punzonador36 punch rivet pitch
38 proyeccion38 projection
40 componente40 component
42 componente42 component
50 boton - matriz50 button - matrix
52 taladro52 drill
54 direccion de la flecha54 arrow direction
56 pedazo de perforacion56 piece of drilling
60 cabeza perforante60 piercing head
62 rebajo de la cabeza perforante62 piercing head recess
64 lado inferior64 bottom side
66 embolo66 embolo
68 taladro68 drill
69 region de gma69 gma region
72 porcion dilatada72 dilated portion
74 transicion74 transition
76 diametro interno76 internal diameter
78 resalto anular78 annular shoulder
80 bordon de remache80 rivet bordon
90 boton - matriz90 button - matrix
92 pilar central92 central pillar
94 superficie anular semitoroidal redondeada de forma concava94 concave rounded semitoroidal annular surface
100 boton -matriz100-matrix button
102102
104104
106106
110110
112112
114114
116116
118118
120120
122122
rebajorecess
pasoHe passed
cara terminal miembro de retencion paso emboloterminal face retention member step embolus
region terminal resalto anular bordon de remache segmentosterminal region annular shoulder rivet rivet segments
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE201310217632 DE102013217632A1 (en) | 2013-09-04 | 2013-09-04 | Punch rivet and methods and apparatus for attaching individual components to each other, of which at least one component is formed by a workpiece made of composite material |
| DE102013217632 | 2013-09-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2614422T3 true ES2614422T3 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
Family
ID=51422004
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES14182978.8T Active ES2614422T3 (en) | 2013-09-04 | 2014-09-01 | Punching rivet and procedure and apparatus for fixing individual components to each other, of which at least one component consists of a composite work piece |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US9844810B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2845665B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104421287A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2862058A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102013217632A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2614422T3 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN2014DE02481A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2014135997A (en) |
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| DE102016104187A1 (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-14 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | functional element |
| JP7079050B2 (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2022-06-01 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Cage for thrust roller bearings and thrust roller bearings |
| TWI809556B (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2023-07-21 | 美商賓工程工廠公司 | Fastener installation system |
| CN112823961B (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2022-08-16 | 上海交通大学 | Riveting device and method for self-piercing friction rivet welding process |
| USD941132S1 (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2022-01-18 | Heiko Schmidt | Rivet nut |
| DE102020111696A1 (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2021-11-04 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Functional element |
| ES2974419T3 (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2024-06-27 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co Kg | Functional element |
| CN111844784B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-07-26 | 南京蹑波物联网科技有限公司 | Steel bar mounting equipment for reinforcing plastic moisture-proof supporting plate |
| DE102020125460A1 (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-03-31 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Self-piercing fastener |
| CN114160743B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2024-10-25 | 苏州雷力紧固技术有限责任公司 | Self-punching riveting connection device and riveting method thereof |
| USD982404S1 (en) * | 2022-07-23 | 2023-04-04 | Chengdu Daole Technology Co., Ltd. | Rivet nut tool |
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-
2013
- 2013-09-04 DE DE201310217632 patent/DE102013217632A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-09-01 ES ES14182978.8T patent/ES2614422T3/en active Active
- 2014-09-01 EP EP14182978.8A patent/EP2845665B1/en active Active
- 2014-09-01 IN IN2481DE2014 patent/IN2014DE02481A/en unknown
- 2014-09-03 RU RU2014135997A patent/RU2014135997A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-09-03 US US14/476,369 patent/US9844810B2/en active Active
- 2014-09-04 CA CA 2862058 patent/CA2862058A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-09-04 CN CN201410448530.2A patent/CN104421287A/en active Pending
-
2017
- 2017-10-12 US US15/782,495 patent/US20180036790A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20150082607A1 (en) | 2015-03-26 |
| CA2862058A1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
| US9844810B2 (en) | 2017-12-19 |
| EP2845665A1 (en) | 2015-03-11 |
| RU2014135997A (en) | 2016-03-27 |
| IN2014DE02481A (en) | 2015-07-24 |
| EP2845665B1 (en) | 2016-11-09 |
| US20180036790A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 |
| CN104421287A (en) | 2015-03-18 |
| DE102013217632A1 (en) | 2015-03-05 |
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