ES2611704B1 - Procedure for obtaining panels and coatings from by-products derived from the natural cork industry - Google Patents

Procedure for obtaining panels and coatings from by-products derived from the natural cork industry Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2611704B1
ES2611704B1 ES201500788A ES201500788A ES2611704B1 ES 2611704 B1 ES2611704 B1 ES 2611704B1 ES 201500788 A ES201500788 A ES 201500788A ES 201500788 A ES201500788 A ES 201500788A ES 2611704 B1 ES2611704 B1 ES 2611704B1
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Prior art keywords
slabs
procedure
perforations
coatings
obtaining
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ES2611704A1 (en
Inventor
Abel CASTAÑE CALLIS
Defi CASTEÑE BASAGAÑA
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GREEN ROCK, S.L.
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ALETHEA PARK S L
ALETHEA PARK SL
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/88Insulating elements for both heat and sound
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/20Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00Flooring
    • E04F15/02Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/102Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of fibrous or chipped materials, e.g. bonded with synthetic resins

Abstract

Procedimiento de obtención de paneles y recubrimientos a partir de subproductos derivados de la industria del corcho natural.#El procedimiento tiene por finalidad reutilizar las lajas (1) con sus perforaciones (2) realizadas para obtener los correspondientes tapones de botellas, de manera que dichas lajas son aprovechadas mediante disposición superpuesta de las mismas, con sus perforaciones (2) enfrentadas, y rellenadas posteriormente con cañas, mortero, barras de cualquier naturaleza, resinas, y que permita vincular las lajas entre sí para formar un panel, un muro separador, un recubrimiento decorativo, de aislamiento, cubiertas, suelos, etc.#El procedimiento tiene igualmente por objeto aprovechar los restos irregulares de la industria del corcho en general, a modo de enlosados irregulares termo-acústicos.Procedure for obtaining panels and coatings from by-products derived from the natural cork industry. # The procedure is to reuse the slabs (1) with their perforations (2) made to obtain the corresponding bottle caps, so that these slabs are used by superimposed arrangement of the same, with their perforations (2) facing, and subsequently filled with reeds, mortar, bars of any nature, resins, and that allows linking the slabs to each other to form a panel, a separating wall, a decorative coating, insulation, roofs, floors, etc. # The procedure also aims to take advantage of the irregular remains of the cork industry in general, by way of irregular thermo-acoustic tiles.

Description

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DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION

Procedimiento de obtención de paneles y recubrimientos a partir de subproductos derivados de la industria del corcho natural.Procedure for obtaining panels and coatings from by-products derived from the natural cork industry.

Objeto de la invenciónObject of the invention

La presente invención se refiere a un procedimiento de obtención de paneles y recubrimientos a partir de subproductos derivados del corcho natural, cuya finalidad es conseguir un aprovechamiento de los restos de corcho natural que se utilizan para la obtención de tapones para botellas, entre otros.The present invention relates to a method of obtaining panels and coatings from by-products derived from natural cork, whose purpose is to make use of the remains of natural cork that are used to obtain bottle caps, among others.

Uno de los objetos de la invención es conseguir una reutilización de las clásicas lajas de corcho tras la perforación de las mismas para obtener tapones para botellas, reutilización que tiene numerosas y ventajosas aplicaciones.One of the objects of the invention is to achieve a reuse of the classic cork slabs after drilling them to obtain bottle caps, reuse that has numerous and advantageous applications.

Otro de los objetos es conseguir la reutilización de los trozos de corcho irregulares que por diferentes procesos industriales son desechados para su trituración.Another object is to achieve the reuse of irregular cork pieces that are discarded for different industrial processes for crushing.

Es por tanto objeto de la invención proporcionar un procedimiento de valoración añadida de sub-productos o derivados del corcho natural para conseguir piezas de recubrimiento con unas prestaciones y unos acabados que lo hacen sumamente atractivo para el consumidor.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method of adding valuation of by-products or derivatives of natural cork to achieve coating parts with performance and finishes that make it extremely attractive to the consumer.

Antecedentes de la invenciónBackground of the invention

En relación con la industria del corcho en general, y más concretamente a la industria dedicada a la fabricación de tapones de corcho, se utilizan lajas de corcho, de anchura acorde a la longitud de los corchos a obtener, y de espesor ligeramente mayor, de manera que posteriormente dichas lajas son troqueladas para extraer una pluralidad de tapones, de modo que la pieza o matriz a partir de la que se han obtenido dichos tapones es desechada, manteniendo ésta un carácter monopieza una vez extraídos los tapones.In relation to the cork industry in general, and more specifically to the industry dedicated to the manufacture of cork stoppers, cork slabs are used, of width according to the length of the corks to be obtained, and of slightly greater thickness, of so that said slabs are subsequently punched out to extract a plurality of caps, so that the piece or matrix from which said caps have been obtained is discarded, maintaining this one-piece character once the caps are removed.

Así pues, todo el trabajo, tiempo, maquinaria de corte, energía, etc, tan solo es aprovechado hasta ahora en la obtención de los propios tapones de corcho, de manera que para su aprovechamiento posterior los restos de corcho tienen como destino su trituración, lo cual supone unos nuevos costes, mano de obra, maquinaria, energía, etc, siendo un subproducto de muy bajo valor.Thus, all the work, time, cutting machinery, energy, etc., is only used so far in obtaining the cork caps themselves, so that for their later use the cork remains are destined for crushing, which means new costs, labor, machinery, energy, etc., being a by-product of very low value.

Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention

El procedimiento que se preconiza está previsto para obtener a bajo costo, la formación de paneles, tanto para el revestimiento de muros como para recubrimientos en general, a partir de las lajas perforadas de corcho que se obtienen en el proceso de obtención de los comentados tapones de corcho y de otros residuales irregulares de toda la industria corchera.The procedure that is recommended is intended to obtain, at a low cost, the formation of panels, both for wall cladding and for coatings in general, from perforated cork slabs that are obtained in the process of obtaining the aforementioned caps of cork and other irregular residuals of the entire cork industry.

Concretamente, parte del procedimiento se basa en disponer esas lajas perforadas superpuestas entre sí, bien horizontalmente, o bien verticalmente, con las perforaciones enfrentadas, las cuales son rellenadas o semi-rellenadas, mediante elementos que establecen la unión y fijación entre sí de las distintas lajas, pudiendo ser, tanto con bio- mortero vegetal como con cualquier otro tipo de mortero convencional o incluso mecánicamente con cañas de todo tipo de vegetal, incluso varillas metálicas, de plástico,Specifically, part of the procedure is based on arranging those perforated slabs superimposed on each other, either horizontally, or vertically, with the perforations facing each other, which are filled or semi-filled, by means of elements that establish the union and fixing of the different slabs, being able to be, either with vegetable bio-mortar or with any other type of conventional mortar or even mechanically with reeds of all types of vegetables, including metal, plastic rods,

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etc, es decir cualquier medio o elemento que sea ubicado rellenando el paso que establecen las perforaciones enfrentadas de las distintas lajas superpuestas.etc, that is to say any means or element that is located by filling in the step established by the perforations facing the different overlapping slabs.

También se pueden colocar formando un conjunto de piezas amorteradas directamente sobre una pared, techo, tejado o suelo a modo de obra vista termo-acústica.They can also be placed forming a set of shrouded pieces directly on a wall, ceiling, roof or floor as a thermo-acoustic work.

En definitiva, se trata que los subproductos del corcho, considerando como subproductos especialmente las lajas perforadas de corcho de las que se han obtenido tapones, pero también otros subproductos irregulares de la industria del corcho, sean aprovechadas evitando su trituración, permitiendo formar enlosados termo-acústicos decorativos, especialmente para cubiertas, tejados, azoteas, terrazas ajardinadas, así como en jardinería y paisajismo, y en general para la generación de zonas transitables entre la hierba o para formar superficies tanto de recubrimiento como de (suelo) solería, etc.In short, it is that the cork by-products, considering as especially by-products the perforated cork slabs from which corks have been obtained, but also other irregular by-products of the cork industry, are used avoiding their crushing, allowing thermo-tiling Decorative acoustics, especially for roofs, roofs, roofs, landscaped terraces, as well as in gardening and landscaping, and in general for the generation of passable areas between the grass or to form surfaces both covering and flooring (flooring) flooring, etc.

Es decir, se pueden formar placas y/o paneles modulares prefabricados con el mismo sistema para la creación de zonas termo-acústicas-verdes de ajardinamiento y en especial para su aplicación en la formación de jardines murales o verticales, convenientemente embebidos con tierra vegetal sembrada con porciones fibrosas ya enrraigadas con planta crasa o césped natural o artificial.That is to say, prefabricated modular panels and / or panels can be formed with the same system for the creation of green-acoustic landscaping areas and especially for their application in the formation of wall or vertical gardens, conveniently embedded with seeded vegetable ground with fibrous portions already rooted with crass plant or natural or artificial grass.

Algunas de las aplicaciones que pueden citarse a nivel informativo y no limitativo, son las siguientes:Some of the applications that can be cited at the informational and non-limiting level are the following:

• Bio-recubrimientos termo-acústicos, decorativos o impermeables de todo tipo de pavimentos, suelos continuos de tarima de corcho natural rústico, desbastado o pulido, recubrimiento de terrazas y azoteas, incluso transitables, sembradas o verdes.• Thermo-acoustic, decorative or waterproof bio-coatings of all types of pavements, continuous floors of rustic, rough or polished natural cork flooring, covering of terraces and roofs, even passable, seeded or green.

• Bio-aislamiento termo-acústico decorativo de todo tipo de tejados y cubiertas invertidas, incluso transitables, fijadas con bio-mortero vegetal u otros, rejuntadas con tierra sembrada y/o cubierta verde.• Decorative thermo-acoustic bio-insulation of all types of roofs and inverted roofs, even passable, fixed with vegetable or other bio-mortar, grouting with sown land and / or green roof.

• Paramentos verticales termo-impermeables y decorativos como fachadas, tabiques pluviales, zócalos anti-humedad, paramentos interiores-exteriores termo-acústicos de locales públicos como cines, auditorios, teatros, discotecas, bares, salas de reunión, aeropuertos, hospitales, etc.• Thermo-waterproof and decorative vertical walls such as facades, rain walls, anti-humidity sockets, thermo-acoustic interior-exterior walls of public places such as cinemas, auditoriums, theaters, discos, bars, meeting rooms, airports, hospitals, etc.

• Bio-recubrimiento de cubiertas vegetales termo-acústicas de madera, cañizo, brezo y similares, cubiertas cerámicas, cubiertas metálicas, de fibrocemento, cúpulas de poliéster, metacrilato, plástico, lona y/o similares.• Bio-coating of thermo-acoustic plant covers made of wood, hurdle, heather and the like, ceramic roofs, metal roofs, fiber cement, polyester, methacrylate, plastic, canvas and / or similar domes.

• Bio-recubrimientos termo-impermeables sanitarios de todo tipo de conducciones y depósitos, de agua como balsas de depuración de aguas, canales de riego, fuentes y cascadas por su capacidad de retención de microorganismos vivos como bacterias de depuración, etc.• Sanitary thermo-impermeable bio-coatings of all types of pipes and reservoirs, of water such as water purification rafts, irrigation canals, fountains and waterfalls for their ability to retain live microorganisms such as purification bacteria, etc.

• Bio-recubrimientos termo-impermeables decorativos de todo tipo de silos de almacenamiento de productos alimenticios, aceite, vino, cítricos, cerveza y todo tipo de bebidas, productos químicos, medicamentos, etc.• Decorative thermo-waterproof bio-coatings of all types of storage silos for food products, oil, wine, citrus, beer and all kinds of beverages, chemicals, medicines, etc.

• Bio-recubrimientos termo-impermeables decorativos y/o reparadores para todo tipo de embarcaciones, automoción, aeronáutica, etc.• Decorative thermo-impermeable bio-coatings and / or repairers for all types of boats, automotive, aeronautics, etc.

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• Bio-construcción de todo tipo de paneles combinados y elementos termo-acústicos decorativos, como pantallas acústicas, vallado de fincas, biombos y bambalinas, falsos techos, huertos urbanos, cubiertas de sombreo y aparcamiento, mesas, bancos, encimeras, somieres, etc.• Bio-construction of all types of combined panels and decorative thermo-acoustic elements, such as acoustic screens, farm fences, screens and cabinets, suspended ceilings, urban gardens, shading and parking covers, tables, benches, countertops, bed bases, etc. .

• Bio-construcción artesanal de todo tipo de paneles modulares, entretejiendo entre sí las piezas perforadas o lajas como subproducto de corcho, estableciendo la unión y fijación entre sí de las distintas lajas, a base de caña, bambú, avellano, boj, mimbre, etc, o también con otros elementos botánicos, de plástico, metálico, cuerdas, cables, mortero, resina, etc, aprovechando precisamente la normal equidistancia de las perforaciones de las lajas que previamente se han originado tras la extracción del tapón, para poder intercalar, incluso a rompe-juntas, los diferentes elementos de ensamblaje descritos.• Artisanal bio-construction of all types of modular panels, interwoven with perforated pieces or slabs as a cork by-product, establishing the union and fixing of the different slabs, based on cane, bamboo, hazelnut, boxwood, wicker, etc, or also with other botanical elements, of plastic, metallic, ropes, cables, mortar, resin, etc., taking advantage of precisely the normal equidistance of the perforations of the slabs that have previously originated after the extraction of the plug, to be able to insert, even to break-joints, the different assembly elements described.

Descripción de los dibujosDescription of the drawings

Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de planos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that will then be made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:

La figura 1.- Muestra una representación correspondiente a una vista en perspectiva de una porción de laja con las perforaciones o troquelados de los que se han obtenido los correspondientes tapones, laja que define uno de los subproductos para aprovecharse de acuerdo con el procedimiento objeto de la presente invención.Figure 1.- Shows a representation corresponding to a perspective view of a portion of the slab with the perforations or punches from which the corresponding caps have been obtained, slab that defines one of the by-products to be used according to the procedure object of The present invention.

La figura 2.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de lo que puede considerarse la formación de un muro o solería a partir de las lajas, debidamente cortadas a medida, cuya unión o vinculación entre ellas se realiza por alojamiento en las perforaciones enfrentadas de las mismas de bio-morteros etc. o de elementos tubulares tales como cañas de bambú o similares.Figure 2.- Shows a perspective view of what can be considered the formation of a wall or flooring from the slabs, duly cut to size, whose union or connection between them is made by accommodation in the opposite perforations thereof of bio-mortars etc. or of tubular elements such as bamboo rods or the like.

La figura 3.- Muestra una vista también en perspectiva de lo que puede considerarse un suelo o recubrimiento obtenido mediante el procedimiento de la invención.Figure 3.- It also shows a perspective view of what can be considered a floor or covering obtained by the process of the invention.

Realización preferente de la invenciónPreferred Embodiment of the Invention

Como se puede ver en las figuras reseñadas. el procedimiento de la invención se basa en reutilizar un sub-producto del corcho, como son las lajas (1) que son sometidas a un troquelado en el que se obtienen unas perforaciones mecánicas (2) normalmente equidistantes entre sí, para obtener los correspondientes tapones de corcho para botellas, de manera que dichas lajas (1) debidamente cortadas a las medidas adecuadas, son superpuestas con sus perforaciones enfrentadas entre sí para determinar un paso que puede ser rellenado por cañas (3), como elementos de unión, como se representa en la figura 2, o bien otros elementos tales como varillas de plástico, metálicas, cuerdas, e incluso bio-morteros vegetales, morteros convencionales etc.As you can see in the figures outlined. The process of the invention is based on reusing a cork by-product, such as slabs (1) that are subjected to a die cut in which mechanical perforations (2) normally equidistant from each other are obtained, to obtain the corresponding plugs of cork for bottles, so that said slabs (1) duly cut to the appropriate measures, are superimposed with their perforations facing each other to determine a step that can be filled by rods (3), as joining elements, as shown in figure 2, or other elements such as plastic, metal rods, ropes, and even vegetable bio-mortars, conventional mortars etc.

En la figura 3 se muestra un recubrimiento obtenido mediante la superposición, en un plano horizontal, de una pluralidad de lajas (1) con sus perforaciones dispuestas horizontalmente para ser rellenadas mediante los elementos de unión ya comentados, y que dan uniformidad al conjunto.Figure 3 shows a coating obtained by superimposing, in a horizontal plane, a plurality of slabs (1) with their perforations arranged horizontally to be filled by means of the aforementioned joining elements, and which give uniformity to the assembly.

Por lo tanto, el procedimiento tiene por finalidad reutilizar las lajas (1) del corcho tras la realización de las perforaciones (2) para la obtención de tapones, de manera que, de acuerdo con la disposición de una u otra manera de dichas lajas (1), y su fijación entre sí, se podrán obtener paneles de aislamiento termo-acústicos, anti-humedad, decorativos, 5 así como recubrimientos con múltiples aplicaciones, suelos, cubiertas, etc.Therefore, the procedure is intended to reuse the slabs (1) of the cork after performing the perforations (2) to obtain caps, so that, in accordance with the provision of one or another way of said slabs ( 1), and its fixing with each other, thermo-acoustic, anti-humidity, decorative insulation panels, 5 as well as coatings with multiple applications, floors, roofs, etc. can be obtained.

Claims (4)

55 1010 15fifteen 20twenty 2525 3030 ES 2 611 704 A1ES 2 611 704 A1 REIVINDICACIONES 1. Procedimiento de obtención de paneles y recubrimientos a partir de subproductos derivados de la industria del corcho natural, concretamente a partir de los subproductos o lajas (1) de corcho que se generan en el proceso de obtención de tapones para botellas mediante el troquelado de las mismas, caracterizado porque consiste en disponer de forma superpuestas las lajas (1) con las perforaciones (2) que se generan en el proceso de obtención de los tapones enfrentadas entre sí, determinado un panel modular y/o una placa de recubrimiento, tanto mural como de cubierta y/o suelo, efectuándose seguidamente una fijación y sujeción entre lajas (1) mediante rellenado de las perforaciones (2) enfrentadas bien con bio-mortero vegetal de polvo y/o triturado de corcho, bien mediante cañas vegetales (3), varillas metálicas, plásticas, morteros, resinas, cuerdas o cualquier otro material alojable en los pasos que definen las perforaciones (2) de las lajas (1).1. Procedure for obtaining panels and coatings from by-products derived from the natural cork industry, specifically from by-products or slabs (1) of cork that are generated in the process of obtaining bottle caps by means of die-cutting the same, characterized in that it consists of superimposing the slabs (1) with the perforations (2) that are generated in the process of obtaining the caps facing each other, determined a modular panel and / or a cover plate, both mural as cover and / or floor, then fixing and securing between slabs (1) by filling the perforations (2) well faced with vegetable bio-mortar powder and / or crushing cork, or by vegetable reeds (3 ), metal, plastic rods, mortars, resins, ropes or any other material that can be accommodated in the steps that define the perforations (2) of the slabs (1). 2. Procedimiento de obtención de paneles y recubrimientos a partir de subproductos derivados de la industria del corcho natural, según reivindicación 1a, caracterizado porque las lajas (1) se disponen con sus perforaciones (2) en vertical, para formar paneles y/o muros, tanto de separación termo-acústica como de recubrimiento, decorativos y/o aislantes.2. Procedure for obtaining panels and coatings from by-products derived from the natural cork industry, according to claim 1, characterized in that the slabs (1) are arranged with their perforations (2) vertically, to form panels and / or walls , both thermo-acoustic separation and coating, decorative and / or insulating. 3. Procedimiento de obtención de paneles y recubrimientos a partir de subproductos derivados del corcho natural, según reivindicación 1a, caracterizado porque las lajas (1) se disponen con sus perforaciones (2) en horizontal, para formar superficies de suelo, paredes y cubiertas.3. Procedure for obtaining panels and coatings from by-products derived from natural cork, according to claim 1, characterized in that the slabs (1) are arranged with their perforations (2) horizontally, to form floor surfaces, walls and roofs. 4. Procedimiento de obtención de paneles y recubrimientos a partir de subproductos derivados de la industria del corcho natural, según reivindicación 1a, caracterizado porque los diferentes restos irregulares desechables de la industria del corcho natural en general, son así mismo aprovechados para la formación de solerías, muros y techos a modo de enlosados irregulares termo-acústicos oportunamente tomados con bio- morteros vegetales, morteros convencionales, etc. y rejuntados con bio-morteros vegetales, morteros convencionales, tierra vegetal, etc.4. Procedure for obtaining panels and coatings from by-products derived from the natural cork industry, according to claim 1, characterized in that the different irregular disposable remains of the natural cork industry in general are also used for the formation of paving slabs. , walls and ceilings by way of irregular thermo-acoustic tiles timely taken with vegetable bio-mortars, conventional mortars, etc. and grouting with vegetable bio-mortars, conventional mortars, topsoil, etc.
ES201500788A 2015-11-05 2015-11-05 Procedure for obtaining panels and coatings from by-products derived from the natural cork industry Active ES2611704B1 (en)

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Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1310815B1 (en) * 1999-08-06 2002-02-22 Francesco Bernardi METHOD FOR ERECTING BRICK AND / OR BLOCK WORKS AND RELATED PRODUCT
DE10033495C2 (en) * 2000-07-10 2002-07-25 Friedbert Bleile Cork surface cladding, in particular cork flooring, and process for their production
US8438813B2 (en) * 2011-08-15 2013-05-14 Eurico Januario Cordeiro Stone click floor coverings

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