ES2596284T3 - Nanogel que comprende principios activos hidrosolubles - Google Patents

Nanogel que comprende principios activos hidrosolubles Download PDF

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ES2596284T3
ES2596284T3 ES13742281.2T ES13742281T ES2596284T3 ES 2596284 T3 ES2596284 T3 ES 2596284T3 ES 13742281 T ES13742281 T ES 13742281T ES 2596284 T3 ES2596284 T3 ES 2596284T3
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folic acid
protein
polysaccharide
nanogels
weight
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Xuzhe DING
Olivia Vidoni
Ping YAO
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DSM IP Assets BV
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Abstract

Una composición de nanogel, que comprende: a) 0,1 a 5% en peso, basado en el peso seco de la composición, de al menos un ingrediente activo hidrosoluble seleccionado de ácido ascórbico, biotina, ácido fólico, ácido nicotínico, tiamina y vitamina B6; b) 9 a 5 40% en peso, basado en el peso seco de la composición, de una o más proteínas vegetales elegidas del grupo de las proteínas adecuadas para la aplicación a alimentos; y c) 50 a 90% en peso, basado en el peso seco de la composición, de uno o más polisacáridos de soja solubles; en donde la relación ponderal de proteína(s) a polisacárido(s), basada en la composición de materia seca, se elige como 1: b, con la condición de que b esté comprendido entre 1 y 6.

Description

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utilizaron para preparar nanogeles de ácido fólico/proteína y nanogeles de ácido fólico/polisacárido utilizando este método.
La disolución de nanogel de ácido fólico/proteína/polisacárido resultante, la disolución de nanogel de ácido fólico/proteína y la disolución de nanogel de ácido fólico/polisacárido se cambiaron a pH 7,4 para liberar el ácido fólico de los nanogeles; el ácido fólico liberado fue aislado por ultrafiltración. La concentración de ácido fólico en el ultrafiltrado se midió como se describe anteriormente y las disoluciones de ácido fólico 0,25 y 0,5 mM preparadas a pH 7,4 se utilizaron directamente como controles. El resultado en la Figura 2 demuestra que los espectros de ácido fólico no cambian después de la mezcladura, el ajuste del pH, la homogeneización y el proceso de calentamiento. La intensidad disminuye para la mezcla que contiene proteína o nanogeles, en consonancia con el resultado de la unión de ácido fólico a pH de 7,4 (Tabla 1), es decir, alrededor de 10% de FA unido con la proteína y los nanogeles.
Ejemplo 4: Estabilidad de nanogeles de ácido fólico/proteína de soja/ polisacárido de soja
Se realizó una dispersión dinámica de la luz (DLS) para medir el tamaño de nanogeles de ácido fólico/proteína/polisacárido a pH 4,0. Los datos de la Tabla 2 demuestran que los nanogeles con la concentración de ácido fólico de 0,25 y 0,5 mM tienen un tamaño similar al de los nanogeles sin ácido fólico. Después de 1 mes de almacenamiento, las nanogeles no cambian su tamaño.
Tabla 2. Resultado de DLS de nanogeles de FA/proteína/polisacárido con concentración de ácido fólico (FA) de 0,25 y 0,5 mM. Los nanogeles de proteína/polisacárido se utilizaron como controles.
Muestra de nanogel
Concentración de FA en los nanogeles (mM) Tiempo de almacenamiento Dh (nm) PDI
Proteína/polisacárido
0 Preparada reciente 178 ± 2 0,16 ± 0,01
FA/proteína/polisacárido
0,25 170 ± 4 0,13 ± 0,02
FA/proteína/polisacárido
0,5 175 ± 1 0,12 ± 0,02
Proteína/polisacárido
0 2 semanas 183 ± 1 0,17 ± 0,01
FA/proteína/polisacárido
0,25 173 ± 2 0,14 ± 0,03
FA/proteína/polisacárido
0,5 175 ± 1 0,12 ± 0,02
Proteína/polisacárido
0 1 mes 181 ± 1 0,14 ± 0,01
FA/proteína/polisacárido
0,25 181 ± 1 0,17 ± 0,01
FA/proteína/polisacárido
0,5 177 ± 2 0,14 ± 0,01
Ejemplo 5: Protección de ácido fólico de la degradación UV en nanogeles de ácido fólico/proteína de soja/polisacárido de soja.
Tal como se mencionó anteriormente, el ácido fólico es sensible a la radiación UV. A causa del enfriamiento brusco de la fluorescencia intramolecular, el ácido fólico tiene un rendimiento cuántico de fluorescencia extremadamente bajo, aproximativamente 0,005. Pterinas, que se forman después de la escisión del enlace C9-N10 en la molécula de ácido fólico, tiene un pico de fluorescencia incrementado de alrededor de 445 nm. El rendimiento cuántico de fluorescencia de 6-formil-pterina (FPT) es casi 0,1 y el de ácido pterina-6-carboxílico (PCA) es de aproximadamente 0,2. La fluorescencia en la región de 445 nm se incrementa con la formación de FPT como resultado de la escisión del enlace C9-N10, seguido de la conversión foto-inducida de FPT en PCA [M.K. Off et al, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B:. Biology 80 (2005) 47-55].
En este estudio se investigó la degradación UV de ácido fólico. La disolución de nanogel de ácido fólico/proteína/polisacárido a pH 4,0 que contiene ácido fólico 0,25 ó 0,5 mM se colocó en un frasco de vidrio de 7 ml a una distancia de 30 cm de un radiómetro UV (500 w, pico λ = 365 nm) durante 1 h. También se investigó el ácido fólico individual disuelto en tampón fosfato 10 mM pH 7,4 con una concentración de FA de 0,25 ó 0,5 mM. También se investigó la mezcla de 5 mg/ml de proteína y ácido fólico 0,25 mM a pH 7,4, y la mezcla de 15 mg/ml de polisacárido y ácido fólico 0,25 mM a pH 7,4. Después de la radiación UV, la disolución de nanogel de ácido fólico/proteína/polisacárido se ajustó a pH 7,4 para liberar el ácido fólico. El ácido fólico liberado en la disolución se aisló mediante ultrafiltración y se analizó como se describe a continuación. Después de la dilución durante 10 y 20 veces de ácido fólico 0,25 y 0,5 mM, respectivamente, se midió la intensidad de fluorescencia a 450 nm del ultrafiltrado excitado a 348 nm. Todas las muestras para la investigación de la degradación del ácido fólico no contienen azida de sodio.
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La Tabla 3 muestra la relación de intensidad de fluorescencia de ácido fólico antes y después de la radiación UV. Para la disolución de ácido fólico individual, después de la radiación UV, la intensidad de fluorescencia a 450 nm aumenta 89 y 85 veces cuando la concentración de ácido fólico era de 0,25 y 0,5 mM, respectivamente. El promedio de 87 veces del aumento de la intensidad de fluorescencia después de la radiación UV indica la degradación del ácido fólico en el interior del frasco de vidrio. El aumento de la concentración de ácido fólico de 0,25 a 0,5 mM no influye en la degradación de manera significativa. Aunque la proteína individual sólo se puede unir alrededor del 10% del ácido fólico y el polisacárido individual no se puede unir con ácido fólico a un pH de 7,4 (Tabla 1), el resultado en la Tabla 3 demuestra que la proteína individual y el polisacárido individual pueden reducir en gran medida la degradación de ácido fólico. En comparación con el ácido fólico individual, la degradación del ácido fólico se reduce a 30% y 22% en presencia de polisacárido y la proteína a pH 7,4, respectivamente. Nanogeles de ácido fólico/proteína/polisacárido pueden proteger eficazmente el ácido fólico de la degradación a pH 4,0; sólo el 12% del ácido fólico cargado se degradó después de la misma radiación UV. Los autores de la invención también investigaron los nanogeles de ácido fólico/proteína/polisacárido después de 1 mes de almacenamiento; la intensidad de fluorescencia del ácido fólico no cambia después de que el ácido fólico fue liberado y aislado, en comparación con los nanogeles de ácido fólico/proteína/polisacárido recién preparados. El ácido fólico liberado y aislado de los nanogeles de ácido fólico/proteína/polisacárido fue irradiado mediante la luz UV. Después de la misma radiación, la fluorescencia de ácido fólico cambió como la disolución de ácido fólico preparado a pH 7,4 directamente. Este resultado demuestra, además, que nanogeles de ácido fólico/proteína/polisacárido pueden proteger eficazmente el ácido fólico frente a la degradación por UV a pH 4,0.
Tabla 3. Grado de degradación del ácido fólico (FA) en diferentes muestras después de irradiación UV. El grado de degradación se obtuvo midiendo la intensidad a 450 nm de los espectros de emisión de fluorescencia de ácido fólico antes y después de la radiación UV. El ácido fólico fue liberado a pH 7,4 y fue aislado mediante ultrafiltración. La longitud de onda de excitación de fluorescencia era de 348 nm.
Muestra
Concentración FA en la alimentación (mM) y radiación UV pH IUV/I1) Grado de degradación (%)
FA
0,25, pH 7,4 89 ± 3 100
FA
0,5, pH 7,4 85 ± 2 100
Polisacárido + FA
0,25, pH 7,4 27 ± 4 30 ± 5
Proteína+ FA
0,25, pH 7,4 20 ± 2 22 ± 3
Nanogeles de FA/proteína/polisacárido
0,25, pH 4,0 11 ± 1 12 ± 1
Nanogeles de FA/proteína/polisacárido
0,5, pH 4,0 9 ± 2 11 ± 2
1) La relación de intensidad de fluorescencia FA después de la radiación UV a la intensidad antes de la radiación UV.
Ejemplo 6: Preparación de nanogel de ácido fólico/proteína de guisante/polisacárido de soja y protección de ácido fólico de la degradación UV.
Proteína de guisante se disolvió en agua y el pH se ajustó a pH 3,25. Después del equilibrio durante la noche, la disolución se centrifugó a 5000 rpm durante 30 minutos para separar la proteína sin resolver. El sobrenadante contenía 15 mg/ml de proteína de guisante. Nanogeles de ácido fólico/proteína de guisante/polisacárido de soja se prepararon mezclando disolución de polisacárido de soja con disolución de ácido fólico y disolución de proteína de guisante a pH 7,4 con agitación. En la mezcla, la concentración final de proteínas de guisante era de 5 mg/ml, concentración de polisacárido de 15 mg/ml, concentración de ácido fólico 0,25 mM y el volumen era de 25 ml. El pH de la mezcla se ajustó a 4,0, después de 3 h de agitación, el pH se ajustó a 4,0 de nuevo. La mezcla se homogeneizó mediante homogeneización a alta presión a 600 bares durante 2 min y luego se calentó a 90°C durante 1 h para obtener nanogeles de proteína de guisante encapsulada con ácido fólico/polisacárido de soja. Los nanogeles resultantes tienen un tamaño de 203 nm y PDI 0.23 (Tabla 5).
Se investigó la degradación UV de ácido fólico. En comparación con el ácido fólico individual, la degradación del ácido fólico se reduce a 19% en presencia de proteína de guisante (Tabla 4). Nanogeles de ácido fólico/proteína de guisante/polisacárido pueden proteger eficazmente el ácido fólico de la degradación a pH 4,0; sólo el 13% del ácido fólico cargado se degrada después de la misma radiación UV.
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