ES2595853B1 - HYDRAULIC WIRING DRIVE DEVICE FOR EMPTYING DEPOSITS OF GRANULATED AND / OR PULVERULENT SUBSTANCES - Google Patents

Abstract

Hydraulic auger drive device for emptying deposits of granulated and / or powder substances. # Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying tanks (2) of granulated substances and / or powdery comprising a lower outlet (3) with adjustable opening, internal drive augers (5, 6) and drive augers (7, 8, 9) inside ducts (70, 80, 90) for hauling the discharged substance; comprising a single primary pump (12) with adjustable flow, for hydraulic power supply at a fixed and predetermined working pressure to drive the augers (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) through a single drive line (15) and individual proportional valves (17), and an automatic regulation element of said working pressure; each proportional valve (17) having a stop (42) opening limit to a maximum to provide a flow rate at the working pressure to each auger (5, 6, 7, 8, 9).

Description

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HYDRAULIC WIRING DRIVE DEVICE FOR EMPTYING DEPOSITS OF GRANULATED AND / OR PULVERULENT SUBSTANCES

DESCRIPTION

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a hydraulic auger drive device for emptying deposits of granulated and / or powdered substances.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

At present, storage and / or transport deposits of granulated and / or powder substances are known, such as feed, flour, cereals, etc., usually incorporated in a transport vehicle, comprising at least one lower outlet with a adjustable opening element, drag augers arranged inside said tanks for dragging the substance to the lower outlet, and drive augers arranged inside conduit conduits for hauling the granulated and / or powdery substance to the point of discharge, being able to be some or all of the orientable and / or extensible conduits through pistons and / or first motors.

In the state of the art, said augers are driven by hydraulic motors fed by vane pumps and / or gear pumps by means of individual controls. This causes all the augers to rotate at the same speed and the only possibility of regulation is by varying the diameter of the ducts and / or the passage of the augers, all of which are usually of equal transport capacity. All of the above frequently causes embozos or blockages due to the slowdown of the successive augers due to specific pressure increases in any of them.

To avoid the breakage of the hydraulic circuits in these cases, what is done is to redirect excess oil in overpressure in the affected circuits at the entrance of some pumps, which causes turbulence in them and temperature increases in hot seasons, which if they exceed 80 degrees they can cause other inconveniences, such as loss of precision, degradation of the oil, etc.

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A main problem is that the lower drag auger gives a lot of speed with little power, this makes very careful uses during the unloadings to block it, which will require in few occasions the manual emptying of the deposits to release it, which is a high material cost and time, in addition to possible failures.

From the above it follows that the operator in charge of handling the augers during the unloading must not only have some expertise and experience, since he must handle each auger separately, but also must also be pending to regulate the opening of the trapdoor download, at least until you find a stationary regime, and even so! It is not exempt from the problems described.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The device of the invention has a configuration that solves the described drawbacks.

The device is therefore applied to the emptying of tanks usually carried by a vehicle, and comprising, at least, a lower outlet with an adjustable opening element, drag augers arranged inside said tanks for dragging the substance into the bottom outlet, and drive augers arranged inside conduit conduits for hauling the granulated and / or powdered substance discharged, some or all of the orientable and / or extendable conduits being possible through pistons and / or first motors.

According to the invention, the device comprises a single primary pump with adjustable flow, for supplying hydraulic drive power at a single fixed and predetermined working pressure to a few second drive motors of the augers through a single drive line. and of an individual proportional valve for each second engine. In addition, it also includes an element for automatic regulation of the working pressure, and each proportional valve having a limit stop of its opening to a maximum to provide a planned flow rate at the working pressure to each second engine.

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In this way, it is only necessary to implement a single hydraulic drive, and the regulation of the pressure in all the circuits is done automatically, so that the operator must only take care of starting up the device and selecting the augers that he will need during the discharge.

In addition, it is planned that the different augers have transport capacities successively greater than the work pressure, so they work successively lighter. It also provides a speed of transport of the augers (speed of rotation of them) much lower than other devices on the market, which provides greater drag power.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows a schematic side view of a vehicle carrying deposits of granulated and / or powdery substance and incorporating the device of the invention for emptying.

Figure 2 shows a schematic top view of a vehicle carrying deposits of granulated and / or powdery substance and incorporating the device of the invention for emptying, where the end worm is orientable.

Figure 3 shows schematically the augers inside their ducts, in a variant where the end auger is telescopic.

Figure 4 shows a scheme of principle of the device of the invention.

Figure 5 shows an enlarged detail of Figure 4, referring to the grouping of proportional valves.

DESCRIPTION OF A PRACTICAL EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The hydraulic auger drive device (1) (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances (feed, flour, cereals, etc.) of the invention (see fig. 1) applies to the type of deposits (2) that comprise at least one exit

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bottom (3) with an adjustable opening element (4), drag augers (5, 6) arranged inside the tanks (2) to drag the substance to the bottom outlet (3), and drive augers ( 7, 8, 9) arranged inside conduits (70, 80, 90) of conduction for hauling the granulated and / or powdered substance discharged to the discharge point.

Some or all of the ducts (70, 80, 90) are usually adjustable and / or extensible (telescopes) through pistons (10) and / or first engines (10a). Specifically in figure 2 it is shown how the end auger (90) is orientable, while in figure 3 it is shown as a variant that said end auger (90) is telescopic. Likewise, the opening element (4) will typically be driven through pistons (10), which allow its total or complete opening. All these pistons (10) and / or first motors (10a) are ideally driven by gear pumps (11) (see fig. 4), being configurations existing in the state of the art. They could also be operated directly from the primary pump described below, through a branch of its drive line (15) by means of a proportional valve, allowing it to dispense with the gear pump (11), solution Not represented in the figures.

Indicate that the filling of the tank (2) can be carried out in multiple ways, including one or more filling ducts, not shown, provided with the corresponding inner filling augers, to carry grain / feed from a silo or surface storage inside the tank (2).

Following the principle scheme of Figure 4, and according to the invention, the device (1) comprises a single primary pump (12) with adjustable flow -a piston pump in this example of the invention-, which supplies power of hydraulic drive to a single fixed and predetermined pressure (working pressure) to a few second motors (19), which drive the different augers (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) through a single drive line (15 ) and a grouping (16) of proportional valves (17), providing an individual proportional valve (17) for each second motor (19), so that tare in each proportional valve (17) the opening that, for the working pressure , it provides us with the exact flow required by the expected operating power of each concrete auger (5, 6, 7, 8, 9), simply ensuring that said working pressure remains at its predetermined value ensures a perfect synchronization of operation of all the augers

(5, 6, 7, 8, 9), said flows having been regulated so that each successive auger has a

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transport capacity of the granulated and / or powdery substance slightly higher than that of the previous auger, which avoids clogging and embozos. All engines (10a, 19), and especially the second motors (19) can be hydraulic motors of any type: orbitals, vanes, gears, etc)

The proportional valves (17) can be manually and / or electrically and / or hydraulically operated, and stops (42) will be provided that limit their opening to a maximum where they will give the expected flow to the working pressure. In manual versions of proportional valves (17) the stops (42) can be screws that limit the movement of its actuating lever (21), and in versions of electric or hydraulic drives, not shown, they will be obstacles that limit the stroke of the Clapper of the corresponding valve.

Commercial proportional valves (17) are usually modularly grouped, configuring the grouping (16) with a single impulse inlet (16a), a single return outlet (16b), and as many leads (16c) as augers to be operated, and whose Inlet (16a) is connected to the impulse circuit (15) of the primary pump (12), its output (16b) connected to the return circuit (30) to the tank (18) of accumulation of hydraulic fluid, and its derivations ( 16c) to the second hydraulic motors (19) that are driving the augers (5, 6, 7, 8, 9), so that the fluid at incoming pressure through the inlet (16a) is distributed in the grouping (16) towards the second motors (19) whose proportional valves (17) have been opened, at the predetermined flow rate for each of them.

The rotor (13) of the primary piston pump (12) is normally coupled to the power take-off (110) of the vehicle (32) that carries the tanks (2) and the device (1), which is configured to turn automatically at a constant speed, so that it will automatically vary its torque to compensate for variations in the resistance found, while the variator of the primary pump flow rate (12), includes the tilt circuit (14) of its piston plate .

The invention has provided for the inclusion of an automatic work pressure regulation element as one of its main elements, so that simply by actuating the primary pump (12) by the power take-off (110) and opening the proportional valves (17 ) of the second motors (19) of the augers (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) that you wish to activate, the device (1) will be automatically regulated to be at the working pressure. Said element of

automatic regulation of the working pressure comprises a actuating valve

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differential (24), piloted in opening by the pressure in the impulsion duct (15) through a first pilot branch (44) and in closing by a setting regulator (47) of differential pressure and by the existing pressure in the return through a second branch of piloting (49), also denominable "sensi". The pressure difference in the first pilot branch (44) and the second pilot branch (49) that will cause the opening of the differential actuation valve (24) is regulated through the setting regulator (47), that is, the pressure of work.

Each proportional valve (17) has a return pressure tap (51) of each derivation (16c) (see fig. 5), and they are joined in a single complementary internal conduction (48) of the grouping (16) through valves selectors (52), while said complementary conduction (48) is connected to the second pilot branch (49), so that variations between the impulse and return pressure in a specific worm due to point resistances, are transmitted without interference from the others - which are isolated by their own selector valves (52) from the complementary line (48) - through the second pilot branch (49), and also each return pressure tap (51) commands an individual pressure regulator (22) provided in the impulsion inlet of the corresponding proportional valve (17), so that the increase in power supplied by the primary pump (12) will be applied to the concrete auger where the punctual resistance is given while the other rec They were going to work pressure.

The operation is as follows: initially all the proportional valves (17) are closed, and the primary pump (12) is started, driving at a pre-regulated initial pressure, lower than the working pressure - but no worm turns. When it is desired to drive one or more of the augers, the corresponding proportional valve (17) is opened up to the stop (42), which means that - at the working pressure - it will supply the corresponding flow to the second motor (19) for the necessary power equally planned. The initial load on the auger or augers to set in motion the granulated and / or powdery substance from the initial static situation, results in a variation of the differential pressure between the impulse and return in the corresponding branch (16c). This variation of the differential pressure will be transmitted to the complementary conduit (48) and from this to the differential actuation valve (24) through the second pilot branch (49). If greater power is required, the opening of said differential actuation valve (24) occurs, which in turn produces an increase in pressure in the tilting circuit (14) of the plate

of pistons of the pump of impulsion (12), and an increase of discharge of discharge to overcome

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the initial or abnormally high resistance found in the augers, which will be transmitted to the auger affected by the higher differential pressure thanks to its individual pressure regulator (22). Once the drag or impulse resistance of the granulated and / or powdery substance has expired, the pressure in the return in the corresponding derivation (16c) is normalized and the differential with the impulse pressure is regulated until the working pressure. If there are other augers affected by differential pressures other than working pressures, they will be acted upon successively in order of greater deviation to lower until equilibrium is reached, where the differential valve (24) is closed, the primary pump (12) supplies a constant flow, and all active augers rotate at the predetermined speed.

As the proportional valves (17) must only be manipulated from the closed position to the maximum opening position, limited by the stops (42), the operation is simplified, which is currently performed by the vehicle driver (32) many times without the necessary expertise, avoiding the problems of traffic jams, embozos, ruptures, and wasted time in general in the discharge of the substance contained in the deposits (2). In addition, since the proportional valves (17) comprise a closing position and two fluid circulation opening positions towards the corresponding second motor (19) in opposite directions, the direction of rotation of a second motor can be manually reversed or engines (19) selected to perform punctures or unclogging of grain or feed.

The provision of at least one overpressure discharge valve (24a) in the supply circuit (15) is also provided. In this way, excessive overpressures, much higher than the working pressure, in the discharge duct (15) will be compensated by deriving discharge fluid to the tank (18) as a measure of protection. In the same way, the optional arrangement of a presence probe, not represented - ideally a membrane sensor - at the output of the end auger (90) that detects when the unloaded product has reached its level has been provided, which implies that the silo where it is downloading has been filled for example. The probe will be associated with means for stopping the discharge - ideally with an electrovalve capable of disconnecting the power take-off (110) from the vehicle (32) - which will stop the discharge and prevent the formation of jams or embozos of the grain or feed . Said probe will comprise means of cancellation and / or rearmament so that once the end auger (90) of the unloaded product is raised or separated, a new discharge can be restarted.

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In the return circuit (30) to the tank (18) the provision of a cooler (27) of the return fluid is provided, to minimize the deterioration of the hydraulic fluid by temperature. In this example, the cooler (27) comprises a fluid / air exchanger, where the air is supplied by a fan (31), ideally having a thermostat, not shown for firing said fan (27), which measures the temperature of the return oil The cooler (27), in addition, can have a derivation in parallel (27a) with a first opening element (27b) tared under convenient pressure.

Likewise, the possibility of having a filter (28) in the return circuit (30) to the tank (18) is provided, which may also have a parallel branch (28a) with a second opening element (28b) set, so that overpressures due to the clogging of the filter are relieved through said branch (28b). The filter (28) will ideally have a vacuum gauge (64) to measure its clogging and determine when cleaning is required.

Finally, indicate that in the grouping (16) of proportional valves (17) (see fig. 5) there is a direct recirculation circuit (73) between the outlet (16a) and the return (16b), with tared elements (62) to avoid overpressures and that the hydraulic fluid can circulate in a vacuum, that is, without operating any second motor (19) without bursting the device if the primary pump (12) is running. The arrangement of a pressure gauge (63) that measures the pressure in the drive circuit (15), and ideally also in the drive to each second motor (19), is also provided. These pressure gauges (63) will be ideally centralized, so that the correct pressure in all these circuits can be checked at a glance.

Described sufficiently the nature of the invention, as well as the way of carrying out it in practice, it should be noted that the provisions indicated above and represented in the attached drawings are subject to modifications in detail as long as they do not alter the fundamental principle.

Claims (18)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 1.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying tanks (2) of granulated and / or powder substances, of the type that is applied to tank emptying (2) usually carried by a vehicle (32), and comprising, at least, a lower outlet (3) with an adjustable opening element (4), drag augers (5, 6) arranged inside said tanks (2) for dragging the substance to the lower outlet (3), and drive augers (7, 8, 9) arranged inside conduit ducts (70, 80, 90) for hauling the discharged granulated and / or powdered substance , being able to be some or all of the ducts (70, 80, 90) orientable and / or extensible through pistons (10) and / or first motors (10a); characterized in that it comprises a single primary pump (12) with adjustable flow, for supplying hydraulic drive power at a single fixed and predetermined working pressure to a few second motors (19) for driving the augers (5, 6, 7, 8 , 9) through a single supply line (15) and an individual proportional valve (17) for each second motor (19); an element of automatic regulation of working pressure; and each proportional valve (17) having a stop (42) limiting its opening to a maximum to provide an expected flow at the working pressure to each second motor (19). 2.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to claim 1 characterized in that the transport capacity of each successive auger It is slightly higher than that of the previous auger. 3. Hydraulic auger drive device (1, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the primary pump (12 ) Adjustable flow comprises a piston pump, whose flow variator comprises the inclination circuit (14) of its piston plate. 4.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying tanks (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to claim 3 characterized in that the rotor (13) of the pump primary (12) piston is coupled to the socket 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 force (110) of the vehicle (32), configured to rotate at constant speed. 5.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the proportional valves (17 ) are found by configuring a grouping (16) with a single impulse input (16a), a single return output (16b), and as many leads (16c) as augers to be activated; whose inlet (16a) is connected to the impulse circuit (15) of the primary pump (12), its outlet (16b) connected to the return circuit (30) to the tank (18) of accumulation of hydraulic fluid, and its derivations (16c) to the second hydraulic motors (19) to be driven. 6.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to claim 5 characterized in that the grouping (16) of proportional valves (17) comprises a direct recirculation circuit (73) between the impulse (16a) and the return (16b), with tared elements (62) to avoid overpressures. 7.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying tanks (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the automatic regulation element of the working pressure comprises a differential actuation valve (24), piloted in opening by the pressure existing in the impulsion duct (15) through a first pilot branch (44), and in closing by a setting regulator (47) of differential pressure and by the pressure existing in the return through a second pilot branch (49) connected through a complementary conduction (48) internal to the grouping (16) and selector valves (52) to a return pressure tap (51) of each derivation (16c) arranged in each proportional valve (17). 8.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying deposits (2) of granulated and / or powdery substances according to claim 7 characterized in that each return pressure tap (51 ) is commanding an individual pressure regulator (22) arranged at the impulse inlet of the corresponding proportional valve (17). 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 9.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying tanks (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the proportional valves (17 ) include manual and / or electric and / or hydraulic drive. 10.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying tanks (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to claim 9 characterized in that the stop (42) of a valve proportional (17) of manual actuation comprises at least one screw that limits the movement of its actuating lever (21). 11.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to claim 9 characterized in that the stop (42) of a valve Proportional (17) of electric or hydraulic drive comprises at least one limiter of the stroke of its clapper. 12.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to any of the previous claims characterized in that it additionally comprises at least one overpressure discharge valve (24a) in the supply circuit (15). 13.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to any of the previous claims characterized in that it comprises a presence probe at the outlet of the end auger (90) associated with means for stopping the discharge 14.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to claim 13 characterized in that the probe comprises means of cancellation and / or rearmament 15.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to any of the claims 13 or 14 characterized in that the probe comprises a membrane sensor. 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 16. - Hydraulic auger drive device (1, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying
deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to any of the previous claims characterized in that it additionally comprises a cooler (27) in the return circuit (30) to the tank (18). 17.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying
deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to any of the previous claims characterized in that it additionally comprises a filter (28) in the return circuit (30) to the tank (18).
18.-Hydraulic auger drive device (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) for emptying
deposits (2) of granulated and / or powder substances according to any of the previous claims characterized in that it additionally comprises a pressure gauge (63) in the drive circuit (15) and / or in the drive to each second motor (19).