ES2579655B1 - Portable aiming equipment for thermal imaging cameras - Google Patents
Portable aiming equipment for thermal imaging cameras Download PDFInfo
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- ES2579655B1 ES2579655B1 ES201530169A ES201530169A ES2579655B1 ES 2579655 B1 ES2579655 B1 ES 2579655B1 ES 201530169 A ES201530169 A ES 201530169A ES 201530169 A ES201530169 A ES 201530169A ES 2579655 B1 ES2579655 B1 ES 2579655B1
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- temperature
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- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B5/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/30—Transforming light or analogous information into electric information
- H04N5/33—Transforming infrared radiation
Abstract
Equipo portátil de puntería para cámaras termográficas que, incorporados en un maletín con baterías comprende, una resistencia calefactora con una zona de diferente emisividad, incorporada tras un panel aislante de polietileno extruido con huecos que determinan un patrón fractal, uno de ellos mostrando la zona de diferente emisividad de la resistencia. Cada hueco contempla una cruz formando una red de puntos de referencia en una placa externa de fibra de vidrio. También incorpora una célula Peltier fuera del patrón fractal que establece un gradiente de temperatura negativo con respecto de la temperatura ambiente, y se controla independientemente de la resistencia. Cuenta con diales placa electrónica sondas termométricas y pantalla de alto contraste. El maletín tiene doble rosca para adaptarse tanto a trípode fotográfico estándar como a topográfico, y que permite su colocación horizontal o vertical.Portable aiming equipment for thermographic cameras that, incorporated in a briefcase with batteries, includes a heating resistor with an area of different emissivity, incorporated after an insulated panel of extruded polyethylene with holes that determine a fractal pattern, one of them showing the area of different emissivity of the resistance. Each hole contemplates a cross forming a network of reference points on an external fiberglass plate. It also incorporates a Peltier cell outside the fractal pattern that establishes a negative temperature gradient with respect to room temperature, and is controlled independently of the resistance. It has electronic plate dials thermometric probes and high contrast display. The case has double thread to adapt to both standard and topographic photographic tripod, which allows its horizontal or vertical placement.
Description
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equipo portAtil de punteria para cAmaras termogrAficasportable aiming equipment for thermographic cameras
D E S C R I P C I O ND E S C R I P C I O N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIONOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
El campo de aplicacion de la presente invention se enmarca dentro del sector de la industria destinado a la fabrication de equipos, aparatos y dispositivos para la generation de punterias para sistemas termicos, en particular para camaras termograficas.The field of application of the present invention is part of the industry sector for the manufacture of equipment, devices and devices for the generation of targets for thermal systems, in particular for thermographic cameras.
Mas en particular, el objeto de la invencion se centra en un equipo portatil y de bajo coste para la generacion de puntos de referencia termograficos que permiten automatizar el posicionamiento, registro y escalado de imagenes termograficas, garantizando calidad en su definition y adaptandose con flexibilidad a tomas realizadas desde tierra o desde el aire, y el cual, gracias a su configuration estructural, permite trabajar en diferentes escenarios, asi como la posibilidad de poder ajustar el gradiente de temperatura tanto en positivo como negativo respecto a la temperatura ambiente, permitiendo al mismo tiempo la calibration de la relation entre la emisividad y temperatura del objeto.More particularly, the object of the invention is focused on a portable and low-cost equipment for the generation of thermographic reference points that allow to automate the positioning, registration and scaling of thermographic images, guaranteeing quality in its definition and adapting with flexibility to shots taken from the ground or from the air, and which, thanks to its structural configuration, allows working in different scenarios, as well as the possibility of adjusting the temperature gradient both positively and negatively with respect to the ambient temperature, allowing it time the calibration of the relation between the emissivity and temperature of the object.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Como es sabido, la termografia infrarroja es una tecnica con un creciente grado de desarrollo y aplicacion en los ultimos anos, cubriendo objetivos entre los que se incluyen: la inspection de edificios (nuevos o historicos) para analizar perdidas de humedad y patologias, los estudios de eficiencia energetica para detectar perdidas de calor y fugas de aire, el mantenimiento de instalaciones electricas o mecanicas para determinar fallos o sobrecargas en los elementos, aplicaciones medicas en humanos y animales para determinar inflamaciones y problemas en el flujo, etc.As is known, infrared thermography is a technique with a growing degree of development and application in recent years, covering objectives that include: the inspection of buildings (new or historic) to analyze moisture losses and pathologies, studies of energy efficiency to detect heat losses and air leaks, the maintenance of electrical or mechanical installations to determine faults or overloads in the elements, medical applications in humans and animals to determine inflammations and problems in the flow, etc.
A partir de dicha tecnica se obtienen imagenes que contienen la radiation infrarroja que todos los cuerpos emiten y reflejan debido a sus condiciones termicas, lo que permite determinar temperaturas o variation de temperaturas en los diferentes objetos analizados y por consiguiente inferir los correspondientes analisis termograficos.From this technique, images are obtained that contain the infrared radiation that all bodies emit and reflect due to their thermal conditions, which allows to determine temperatures or variation of temperatures in the different analyzed objects and therefore infer the corresponding thermographic analyzes.
Estas medidas de temperatura requieren de procedimientos de calibracion termicosThese temperature measurements require thermal calibration procedures
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(radiometricos), ya estandarizados por muchos laboratorios, que permiten garantizar una mayor exactitud en la information de temperatura haciendo intervenir la emisividad del material de la superficie observada para discriminar la temperatura real del objeto. Para ello, se utiliza un cuerpo negro que actua como objeto teorico o ideal ya que absorbe toda la luz y toda la energia radiante que incide sobre el, evitando la reflectividad de falsas radiaciones.(radiometric), already standardized by many laboratories, which allow to guarantee greater accuracy in the temperature information by intervening the emissivity of the observed surface material to discriminate the real temperature of the object. For this, a black body is used that acts as a theoretical or ideal object since it absorbs all the light and all the radiant energy that falls on it, avoiding the reflectivity of false radiations.
Sin embargo, el aspecto geometrico de las camaras termograficas es, a menudo, un aspecto olvidado siendo un factor clave en determinadas aplicaciones de ingenieria y arquitectura donde se desean obtener reconstrucciones tridimensionales y valores metricos que apoyen los datos cualitativos de las temperaturas, donde no es operativo trabajar con imagenes aisladas, por lo que hay que generar mosaicos de imagenes e incluso modelos tridimensionales en los que disponer del valor de la temperatura de cada punto.However, the geometrical aspect of thermographic cameras is often a forgotten aspect, being a key factor in certain engineering and architecture applications where three-dimensional reconstructions and metric values that support qualitative temperature data are desired, where it is not operational work with isolated images, so you have to generate mosaics of images and even three-dimensional models in which to have the temperature value of each point.
Para conseguir alcanzar este objetivo, se hace necesario aplicar algoritmos propios de la vision computacional desarrollados para imagenes del espectro visible en los que tecnicas de detection de puntos de interes o dianas dan muy buenos resultados gracias al gran contraste que existen en este tipo de imagenes. Sin embargo, lo habitual es que en las imagenes termicas haya muy poco contraste, lo que implica la necesidad de forzar la aparicion del mismo.To achieve this objective, it is necessary to apply algorithms of computational vision developed for images of the visible spectrum in which techniques of detection of points of interest or targets give very good results thanks to the great contrast that exist in this type of images. However, the usual thing is that in the thermal images there is very little contrast, which implies the need to force its appearance.
Los escasos acercamientos existentes en esta lmea proponen la utilization de lamparas incandescentes que, al aumentar su temperatura, son detectados por las camaras. No obstante, estos sistemas requieren de alimentation electrica y producen efectos de difraccion que hace que la identification del centro exacto de los puntos sea aproximada.The few existing approaches in this line propose the use of incandescent lamps that, when increasing their temperature, are detected by the cameras. However, these systems require electrical power and produce diffraction effects that make the identification of the exact center of the points approximate.
En aras de eliminar la deficiencia resenada, otros acercamientos emplean un patron con materiales de diversa emisividad utilizando como base un papel aluminio que codifica diferentes dianas circulares y tarjetas.In order to eliminate the deficiency reviewed, other approaches use a pattern with materials of different emissivity using as a base an aluminum foil that encodes different circular targets and cards.
Sin embargo ambos tipos de acercamientos carecen de una definition precisa y singular de los puntos, ya que las lamparas (sistema activo) y las dianas (sistema pasivo) definen elementos superficiales no puntuales.However, both types of approaches lack a precise and singular definition of the points, since the lamps (active system) and the targets (passive system) define non-point surface elements.
A continuation se relacionan varios documentos pertenecientes al estado de la tecnica.Below are several documents belonging to the state of the art.
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D1. P2011003291. Patron para la calibracion geometrica automatica de camaras termograficas. Universidad de Vigo. (2011)D1 P2011003291. Pattern for the automatic geometric calibration of thermographic cameras. University of Vigo. (2011)
D2. Calibration and verification of thermographic cameras for geometric measurements. Infrared Physics & Technology 54 (2011) 92-99D2 Calibration and verification of thermographic cameras for geometric measurements. Infrared Physics & Technology 54 (2011) 92-99
D3. Geometric calibration of thermographic cameras. International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol. XXXVIII, Part 5 Commission V Symposium, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. (2010)D3 Geometric calibration of thermographic cameras. International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol. XXXVIII, Part 5 Commission V Symposium, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. (2010)
D4. Fast and accurate calibration-based thermal / colour sensors registration. 10th International Conference on Quantitative InfraRed Thermography. July 27-30, 2010, Quebec (Canada)D4 Fast and accurate calibration-based thermal / color sensors registration. 10th International Conference on Quantitative InfraRed Thermography. July 27-30, 2010, Quebec (Canada)
D5. US 2012069193 A1Thermal camera calibration. Honeywell International Inc.D5 US 2012069193 A1Thermal camera calibration. Honeywell International Inc.
Conviene resenar, sin embargo, que todos los documentos encontrados se apoyan en el diseno y desarrollo de sistemas para la calibracion de las camaras termograficas y no para la automatization de su posicionamiento (espacial y angular) en una escena concreta, su registro con otros sensores (e.g. fotograficos, laser) y su escalado para dotar de propiedades metricas a los resultados termograficos.It should be noted, however, that all the documents found are based on the design and development of systems for the calibration of thermographic cameras and not for the automation of their positioning (spatial and angular) in a specific scene, their registration with other sensors (eg photographic, laser) and its scaling to provide thermographic results with metric properties.
Mas concretamente, los D1, D2 y D5 presentan un sistema de calibracion pasivo de camaras termograficas. Carecen de la posibilidad de emplearlo para sistemas aereos debido a que no permite generar puntos singulares optimos. El sistema no puede adaptarse a diferentes condiciones ambientales, y tampoco considera la calibracion radiometrica.More specifically, D1, D2 and D5 have a passive calibration system for thermographic cameras. They lack the possibility of using it for air systems because it does not allow to generate optimal singular points. The system cannot adapt to different environmental conditions, nor does it consider radiometric calibration.
D3, es un sistema activo de lamparas incandescentes que permite, al aumentar su temperatura, ser detectados por las camaras termograficas, con el objetivo de obtener solamente la calibracion geometrica de la camara mediante un protocolo de captura de imagenes con diferentes angulos y distancias. Los puntos generados por este sistema activo no son los suficientemente mtidos, ya que la energia radiante se difunde, impidiendo una definition nrtida de su centro. Asimismo no se considera la calibracion radiometrica ni la generation de puntos optimos a diferentes distancias.D3, is an active system of incandescent lamps that allows, by increasing its temperature, to be detected by thermographic cameras, with the aim of obtaining only the geometric calibration of the camera through an image capture protocol with different angles and distances. The points generated by this active system are not sufficiently measured, since the radiant energy diffuses, preventing a sharp definition of its center. Likewise, radiometric calibration and the generation of optimal points at different distances are not considered.
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DESCRIPCION DE LA INVENCIONDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La invencion propone un equipo portatil de punteria para camaras termograficas que, dotado basicamente de un panel en el que se ha incorporado una matriz de orificios cuadrados conformando un patron fractal, permite la determination automatica, precisa y fiable de puntos de control y enlace termograficos, para cualquier temperatura ambiente, adaptable a la distancia de toma (ya sean imagenes terrestres o aereas) y con cualquier camara termografica.The invention proposes a portable aiming equipment for thermographic cameras that, basically equipped with a panel in which a matrix of square holes has been incorporated forming a fractal pattern, allows the automatic, precise and reliable determination of thermographic control points and links, for any ambient temperature, adaptable to the shooting distance (whether terrestrial or aerial images) and with any thermographic camera.
Para ello, el equipo incluye, esencialmente, el citado panel, fabricado de polietileno extruido que actua de aislante aumentando el contraste, una resistencia calefactora oculta en la parte trasera de dicho panel, de la que unicamente son visibles las zonas coincidentes con los orificios de lado conocido, y una celula Peltier capaz de enfriarse hasta 20 °C por debajo de la temperatura ambiente, y que, conjuntamente con unas cruces coincidentes con los cuadros del patron, practicadas en una placa de fibra de vidrio superpuesta en el panel, permite generar puntos de referencia termograficos a distintas temperaturas, siendo estas las que permiten la definition de los propios puntos con gran nitidez.For this, the equipment essentially includes said panel, made of extruded polyethylene that acts as an insulator, increasing the contrast, a heating resistance hidden in the back of said panel, from which only the areas coinciding with the holes of known side, and a Peltier cell capable of cooling down to 20 ° C below room temperature, and which, together with some crossings coinciding with the squares of the pattern, practiced on a fiberglass plate superimposed on the panel, allows to generate thermographic reference points at different temperatures, these being the ones that allow the definition of the points themselves with great sharpness.
Las zonas visibles del panel trasero ofrecen un cambio de emisividad, mediante un cambio en el material superficial de uno de los cuadrados del patron fractal, que conjuntamente con la celula Peltier permiten valorar la diferencia de temperatura al estar directamente relacionada con la emisividad del material.The visible areas of the rear panel offer a change in emissivity, by means of a change in the surface material of one of the squares of the fractal pattern, which together with the Peltier cell allow to assess the temperature difference by being directly related to the emissivity of the material.
Todos estos elementos va integrados en un marco montado, a su vez, dentro de una maleta que facilita el transporte y permite adaptar el angulo de la parte superior, para el caso de tomas terrestres. La maleta incorpora, ademas, un doble sistema de roscas, preferentemente de paso BSW-1/4 (rosca de tripode estandar) y otra homologada topografica para proveerle de dos grados de libertad en las rotaciones.All these elements are integrated in a frame mounted, in turn, inside a suitcase that facilitates transport and allows the angle of the upper part to be adapted, in the case of land sockets. The suitcase also incorporates a double thread system, preferably BSW-1/4 (standard tripod thread) and another topographic homologated to provide two degrees of freedom in rotations.
Con el fin de ajustar los parametros de temperatura y visualizar los valores de bateria, tiempo de funcionamiento y tiempo restante, el sistema incorpora una pantalla de alto contraste para su uso en el exterior.In order to adjust the temperature parameters and display the battery values, operating time and remaining time, the system incorporates a high-contrast display for outdoor use.
El peso del equipo completo es de aproximadamente seis kilogramos de peso y tiene una autonomia aproximada de unas dos horas gracias a un sistema de bateria interior, que seThe weight of the complete equipment is approximately six kilograms and has an approximate autonomy of about two hours thanks to an internal battery system, which is
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puede recargar empleando una toma de carga exterior. Asimismo cuenta con un sistema de encendido y apagado.You can recharge using an external charging socket. It also has an on and off system.
El equipo de punteria portatil para camaras termograficas esta disenado para la utilization con cualquier tipo de camara termografica y para cualquier aplicacion de ingenieria y/o arquitectura en la que se requiera generar productos termograficos que integren propiedades metricas y/o que deban ser co-registrados con imagenes en otras regiones del espectro electromagnetico.The portable aiming equipment for thermographic cameras is designed for use with any type of thermographic camera and for any engineering and / or architecture application in which it is required to generate thermographic products that integrate metric properties and / or that must be co-registered. with images in other regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
La originalidad de este equipo radica en la generation de elementos de punteria singulares, definidos de forma nrtida en el espectro electromagnetico tanto visible como termico; aspecto que no se lograba con otros sistemas actuales, en donde la energia se difumina debido a su propia naturaleza. Dicho puntos son generados de forma activa por el contraste termico entre materiales y mediante un sistema fractal que permite que dichos puntos sean visibles a diferentes distancias, ampliando el rango de trabajo de la camara termica, pudiendose aplicar tanto a tomas terrestres como aereas.The originality of this equipment lies in the generation of singular aiming elements, defined clearly in the electromagnetic spectrum, both visible and thermal; aspect that was not achieved with other current systems, where energy is blurred due to its own nature. Said points are generated in an active way by the thermal contrast between materials and by means of a fractal system that allows said points to be visible at different distances, expanding the working range of the thermal camera, being able to apply to both terrestrial and aerial shots.
La incorporation de elementos a la misma temperatura de diferente emisividad, asi como un sistema que permite establecer un gradiente termico negativo, posibilita resolver la calibration radiometrica de la camara termografica. Esto ultimo es muy relevante para camaras termograficas que unicamente capturan imagenes cualitativas, ya que los valores directamente capturados por la camara (niveles digitales) no son directamente utilizables, siendo necesaria su conversion a valores de temperatura real de cada objeto presente en la imagen, para lo que hay que hacer intervenir la emisividad del objeto en cuestion (valores fisicos) a fin de obtener information sobre las propiedades fisicas del objeto estudiado.The incorporation of elements at the same temperature of different emissivity, as well as a system that allows to establish a negative thermal gradient, makes it possible to solve the radiometric calibration of the thermographic camera. The latter is very relevant for thermographic cameras that only capture qualitative images, since the values directly captured by the camera (digital levels) are not directly usable, being necessary to convert them to real temperature values of each object present in the image, for what must be done to intervene the emissivity of the object in question (physical values) in order to obtain information about the physical properties of the object studied.
Por otra parte, el diseno ergonomico y portable en forma de maletm del equipo preconizado permite transportarlo de forma sencilla y autonoma a los diferentes escenarios de trabajo, mientras que el sistema de doble rosca incorporado permite posicionarlo de la forma mas adecuada en tripodes.On the other hand, the ergonomic and portable design in the form of a maletm of the recommended equipment allows it to be transported in a simple and autonomous way to the different work scenarios, while the built-in double thread system allows it to be positioned in the most suitable way in tripods.
Asimismo, el sistema de control mediante diales regulables permite variar la temperatura y por ello la intensidad de los puntos, a fin de adaptarse a diferentes ambientes de trabajo.Likewise, the control system by means of adjustable dials allows to vary the temperature and therefore the intensity of the points, in order to adapt to different work environments.
El desarrollo de la presente invention permitira automatizar mediante tecnicasThe development of the present invention will allow to automate by means of techniques
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fotogrametricas y de vision computacional las fases de georreferenciacion, registro y generation de modelos 3D con propiedades metricas y termograficas (esto ultimo gracias al sistema de calibration radiometrica incorporado en la presente invention).Photogrammetric and computational vision phases of georeferencing, registration and generation of 3D models with metric and thermographic properties (the latter thanks to the radiometric calibration system incorporated in the present invention).
Cabe mencionar, ademas que la invencion presentada se corresponde con un sistema, que si bien es aplicable para la calibracion geometrica de camaras termograficas, tambien extiende su aplicacion a la automatization de la georreferenciacion, registro y escalado de imagenes termograficas, asi como el co-registro con imagenes en otras regiones del espectro electromagnetico, lo que potencia las actuales aplicaciones en ingenieria y arquitectura. Su estructura interna de resistencias y materiales, y su diseno externo siguiendo un patron de cruces fractales, permiten la detection mtida y de calidad, al mismo tiempo que permite trabajar en diferentes entornos y distancias de trabajo (tomas terrestres y aereas).It is also worth mentioning that the invention presented corresponds to a system, which, although it is applicable for the geometric calibration of thermographic cameras, also extends its application to the automation of georeferencing, registration and scaling of thermographic images, as well as the co- registration with images in other regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, which enhances current applications in engineering and architecture. Its internal structure of resistances and materials, and its external design following a pattern of fractal crosses, allow the detection of quality and quality, while allowing work in different environments and working distances (ground and aerial shots).
En definitiva, el equipo preconizado se configura como sistema de bajo coste para automatizar la geo-referenciacion, registro y escalado de imagenes termograficas, ya sean tomadas desde tierra o desde el aire, permitiendo resolver la position (espacial y angular) de las imagenes termograficas, su integration o registro con otros sensores (e.g. fotograficos, topograficos, laser), asi como dotar de propiedades metricas a los productos termograficos generados.In short, the recommended equipment is configured as a low-cost system to automate the geo-referencing, recording and scaling of thermographic images, whether taken from the ground or from the air, allowing the position (spatial and angular) of the thermographic images to be resolved. , its integration or registration with other sensors (eg photographic, topographic, laser), as well as providing metric properties to the generated thermographic products.
DESCRIPCION DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la description que se esta realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprension de las caracteristicas de la invencion, se acompana a la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, de un juego de planos, en los que con caracter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being carried out and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, this descriptive report is accompanied, as an integral part thereof, of a set of drawings, in which with character Illustrative and not limiting, the following has been represented:
La figura 1.- Muestra una vista esquematica en perspectiva de un ejemplo de realization del equipo portatil de punteria para camaras termograficas objeto de la invencion, apreciandose en ella su configuration general y las principales partes y elementos que comprende, asi como la configuracion y disposicion de las mismas.Figure 1.- Shows a schematic perspective view of an example of realization of the portable aiming equipment for thermographic cameras object of the invention, appreciating in it its general configuration and the main parts and elements that it comprises, as well as the configuration and arrangement from the same.
La figura 2.- Muestra una vista en seccion de una porcion del panel de polietileno expandido que contempla el equipo, segun la invencion, apreciandose la capa superior de fibra y laFigure 2.- Shows a sectional view of a portion of the expanded polyethylene panel contemplated by the equipment, according to the invention, showing the top layer of fiber and the
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parte posterior del mismo.back of it.
La figura 3.- Muestra un detalle ampliado del equipo que apreciar, a traves de los huecos del patron practicados en el panel, la resistencia con diferente emisividad para la calibration termica, asi como el marco perimetral de dicho panel que lo encaja en la maleta.Figure 3.- Shows an enlarged detail of the equipment to be appreciated, through the holes of the pattern practiced in the panel, the resistance with different emissivity for thermal calibration, as well as the perimeter frame of said panel that fits it in the suitcase .
REALIZACION PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIONPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
A la vista de las mencionadas figuras, y de acuerdo con la numeration adoptada, se puede observar en ellas un ejemplo preferido, pero no limitativo, del equipo portatil de punteria para camaras termograficas preconizado, el cual comprende las partes y elementos que se indican y describen en detalle a continuation.In view of the aforementioned figures, and in accordance with the numbering adopted, a preferred, but not limiting, example of the portable aiming equipment for thermographic cameras recommended, which includes the parts and elements indicated and can be observed. describe in detail below.
Asi, tal como se observa en dichas figuras, el equipo (1) en cuestion se configura a partir de, al menos, una resistencia calefactora (2) que se dispone incorporada tras un panel aislante (11) al que se ha practicado una serie de huecos (9) que determinan un patron fractal.Thus, as can be seen in these figures, the equipment (1) in question is configured from at least one heating resistor (2) which is arranged incorporated behind an insulating panel (11) to which a series has been carried out. of gaps (9) that determine a fractal pattern.
Este panel aislante (11), preferentemente, es de polietileno extruido, con unas dimensiones de ancho 607 mm, alto 405 mm y grosor 10 mm, y actua como aislante entre las resistenciasThis insulating panel (11), preferably, is made of extruded polyethylene, with dimensions of width 607 mm, height 405 mm and thickness 10 mm, and acts as an insulator between the resistances
(2) y una capa externa (3) de fibra de vidrio que permite acentuar el efecto de tunel termico para mejorar la nitidez e identificabilidad de los puntos generados por el sistema.(2) and an outer layer (3) of fiberglass that allows to accentuate the effect of thermal tunnel to improve the sharpness and identifiability of the points generated by the system.
Dichos puntos, preferentemente, estan conformados por cruces, contemplandose una cruz en cada hueco (9) del citado patron, preferentemente constituidas por la propia capa externaSaid points, preferably, are formed by crosses, a cross being contemplated in each hole (9) of said pattern, preferably constituted by the outer layer itself
(3) de fibra de vidrio, de manera que forman una densa red de cruces perfiladas que permiten la generation de puntos de referencia mtidamente identificables (por contraste termico) por parte de las camaras termograficas, asi como por cualquier camaras fotografica, sistema laser y aparato topografico. La red de cruces esta distribuida segun el patron fractal para permitir la identification de dichos puntos singulares de forma optima a diferentes distancias, habitando su uso en tanto casos terrestres como aereos.(3) of fiberglass, so that they form a dense network of profiled crossings that allow the generation of carefully identifiable reference points (by thermal contrast) by thermographic cameras, as well as by any photographic cameras, laser system and topographic device The network of crosses is distributed according to the fractal pattern to allow the identification of said singular points optimally at different distances, inhabiting their use in both land and air cases.
La resistencia o resistencias calefactoras (2) internas presentan una emisividad homogenea en toda la superficie de trabajo con la salvedad de una zona (2a) que tiene una emisividad diferente debido a un acabado superficial distinto, estando esta zona situada en coincidencia con uno de los huecos (9) del patron, preferentemente uno de escala media (9). EstaThe internal heating resistance or resistors (2) have a homogeneous emissivity throughout the entire work surface with the exception of an area (2a) that has a different emissivity due to a different surface finish, this area being in coincidence with one of the gaps (9) of the pattern, preferably one of medium scale (9). This
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diferencia es la que permite calibrar la relacion entre la temperatura controlada de la resistencia calefactora (2) y sus valores de temperatura recogidos por la camara termografica.difference is the one that allows to calibrate the relation between the controlled temperature of the heating resistance (2) and its temperature values collected by the thermographic camera.
El equipo contempla, ademas, la incorporation de una celula Peltier (4) situada tambien tras el panel aislante (11) pero fuera del patron fractal, que permite establecer un gradiente de temperatura negativo con respecto de la temperatura ambiente, muy util en el caso de temperaturas ambiente elevadas, asi como para establecer un punto de calibration adicional para la relacion entre los datos capturados por la camara termografica y la temperatura. Esta celula Peltier (4) se controla de forma independiente de la resistencia calefactora (2) mediante la existencia de dos diales (7) independientes, uno para cada elemento.The equipment also contemplates the incorporation of a Peltier cell (4) also located behind the insulating panel (11) but outside the fractal pattern, which allows to establish a negative temperature gradient with respect to the ambient temperature, very useful in the case of high ambient temperatures, as well as to establish an additional calibration point for the relationship between the data captured by the thermal imager and the temperature. This Peltier cell (4) is controlled independently of the heating resistance (2) by the existence of two independent dials (7), one for each element.
Dichos diales (7) permiten establecer el nivel de contraste termico entre el equipo de punteria y la temperatura ambiente para cada caso concreto, estando conectados a un sistema de control que incluye una placa electronica y sus correspondientes sondas termometricas, a fin de controlar y mostrar la temperatura de los elementos (2) y (4), habiendose previsto, ademas, una pantalla de alto contraste (6) para mostrar dichos parametros conjuntamente con los relacionados con la autonomia de las baterias internas del equipo, las cuales se recargan a traves de un conector (8) previsto al efecto, contemplandose asimismo un interruptor (5) para activar y desactivar la alimentation del sistema.Said dials (7) allow to establish the level of thermal contrast between the aiming equipment and the ambient temperature for each specific case, being connected to a control system that includes an electronic board and its corresponding thermometric probes, in order to control and display the temperature of the elements (2) and (4), having also provided a high contrast screen (6) to show these parameters together with those related to the autonomy of the internal batteries of the equipment, which are recharged through of a connector (8) provided for this purpose, also contemplating a switch (5) to activate and deactivate the power supply of the system.
Las citadas baterias, junto con el resto de elementos del equipo se disponen alojados en un maletm (12), con un marco (1) perimetral al panel aislante (11) que queda encajado ajustadamente a los bordes internos del mismo. En el hueco interior del maletm (12), separado de los elementos activos termicos, estan ubicadas las baterias internas que dotan al sistema de autonomia de trabajo y portabilidad.The mentioned batteries, together with the rest of the equipment elements are arranged in a maletm (12), with a frame (1) perimetral to the insulating panel (11) that fits tightly to the internal edges of the same. In the interior hollow of the maletm (12), separated from the thermal active elements, the internal batteries that provide the system of autonomy of work and portability are located.
Este maletm (12) cuenta con un doble sistema de rosca (no mostrado en las figuras) que lo hace adaptable tanto a un tripode fotografico estandar como a uno topografico, y permite la colocation horizontal o vertical del sistema, asi como dos grados de libertad en los giros acimutal y vertical, permitiendo la portabilidad del sistema y su utilization tanto en tomas termograficas terrestres como aereas.This maletm (12) has a double thread system (not shown in the figures) that makes it adaptable to both a standard photographic and a topographic tripod, and allows the horizontal or vertical placement of the system, as well as two degrees of freedom in the azimuthal and vertical turns, allowing the portability of the system and its utilization in both terrestrial and aerial thermographic shots.
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