ES2557527A1 - Process for obtaining r gasoline and/or diesel r (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for obtaining gasoline r and/or diesel r. The present invention relates to a process for obtaining r and/or diesel r gasoline comprising the single-step and continuous treatment of recovered solid fuel (csr) using a catalyst based on double layered hydroxides (hdl) containing mg, al, fe, zn, ni, co, cr and cu in the form of oxyhydroxy or as fluorinated species, as well as the obtaining system. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

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catalytic depolymerization reactor (14),

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a distillation column (15),

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a capacitor (16),

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a decanter (17),

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collecting tanks (18) and (19),

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a solid-liquid separator (20),

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a collecting tank (21),

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one or more vacuum pumps (22),

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a combustion chamber of an electricity generator (23),

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a heat exchanger (24),

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a pump (25).

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a process for obtaining R and / or R diesel gasoline comprising the one-stage and continuous treatment of recovered solid fuel (CSR), preferably without inorganic residues, using a catalyst based on double laminar hydroxides (HDL) containing Mg, Al, Fe, Zn, Ni, Co, Cr and Cu in the form of oxyhydroxy or as fluorinated species.

In a preferred embodiment, the CSR is mixed with liquid industrial waste (RIL), preferably used mineral oils, used fuel oil, vegetable oils or animal fats. Preferably, regardless of any of the embodiments indicated herein, said process is carried out under atmospheric (or less than atmospheric) pressure conditions and temperatures not exceeding 400 ° C, preferably between 300 ° C and 400 ° C.

In the context of the present invention, "gasoline R" or "diesel R" is understood as conventional gasoline and diesel-like fuels, respectively, which meet the standards in force established for these fuels and which due to the provenance of the waste of origin to obtain it are called R gasoline or R diesel.

In the context of the present invention, recovered solid fuels (CSR) are mixtures composed of a variety of materials from non-hazardous waste such as urban solid waste (MSW), specifically the remaining fraction of the

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with several adjustable speed screw conveyors, which discharge the material to be treated in a constant speed transverse screw conveyor. This conveyor, provided with a weighing system, conducts and unloads the material in the mixing tank (4), through a feed valve (3), preferably chopping board. The feed of crushed solid organic waste in the process is done through a quantity control system, adjusting the speeds of the screw conveyors of the bottom of the hopper, depending on the amount detected by the weighing system of the transverse auger conveyor, and the CSR feed needs in the process.

The feeding of the crushed solid material is carried out through a feed valve (3), preferably of chopping board to avoid the accumulation of said material in the feed zone contained between the transverse screw conveyor and the mixing tank (4), that may cause obstructions. In addition, because during the process of drying and transformation into a pasty product it is possible to form volatile organic compounds that can be easily flammable in contact with air, the hermetic seal of the system must be ensured, ensured by the presence of the feed valve (3).

To favor and accelerate the transformation of the fed residue into a pasty product, a liquid product is also fed into the mixing tank (4). This product may preferably be formed by liquid industrial waste that is optionally fed in the process by a liquid industrial waste deposit (6), or by a mixture of hydrocarbons of the mineral oil type obtained in the same catalytic depolymerization process in later stages . Likewise, as the liquid product, the organic fraction optionally recovered in the decanter (10) where the organic phase and the aqueous phase evaporated in the drying tank (8) can be used, as well as the organic phase recovered in the solid separator- liquid (20) of inorganic inerts from the catalytic depolymerization reactor, or other liquid industrial waste.

The mixing tank (4) in which the CSR, RIL and the recirculated liquid product of the process is fed is provided with a mechanical stirrer (5), to ensure intimate mixing between the solid materials and the liquid. The intense mixing and the external heat supply by means of the thermal oil that circulates through the jacket of this mixing tank (4), favor the dissolution of the solid material to be treated with the liquid product. He

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Table 2 -Specifications of automotive diesel (class A), agricultural and maritime use (class B) and heating (class C) [53]

features

Unit of measurement Class A diesel Class B diesel Class C diesel

Cetane number, min

51.0 49.0

Cetane number, min

46.0 46.0

Density at 15 ° C, max / min

kg / m3 845/820 880/820 900 / -

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, max

% m / m 8

Sulfur content, max Distillation

mg / kg ºC 10 10001 1000

• 65% collected, min • 80% collected, max

250 250 250 390

• 85% collected, max

350 350

• 95% collected, max

360 370 Annotate

Kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C, min / max

mm2 / s 2.00 / 4.50 2.0 / 4.50 - / 7.00

Flash point, min Cold filter obstruction point

ºC ºC > 55 60 60

• winter, max

-10 -10 -6

• summer, max Cloud point • winter, max • summer, max

ºC 0 0 -6 4 4

Carbonaceous residue (about 10% v / v distillation residue), max

% m / m 0.30 0.30 0.35

Lubricity, corrected footprint diameter (wsd 1.4) at 60 ºC, max

µm 460

Water content, max Water and sediment content, max

mg / kg% v / v 200 200 0.1

Total contamination (solid particles), max

mg / kg 24 24

Ash content, max

% m / m 0.01 0.01

Corrosion copper foil (3 h. At 50 ° C), max

scale Class 1 Class 1 Class 2

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between 80 and 90%. In addition, it is necessary to obtain a fraction of non-condensable gases (methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, butane and butenes) with high calorific value, representing approximately 5-10% with respect to the amount of fuel obtained.

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In the case of processing classified plastic, such as polyethylene, the transformation efficiency in gasoline and / or diesel (R-gasoline and R-diesel) is between 70 and 80%. In this case, the fraction of non-condensable gases with high calorific value may represent between 10 and 15% with respect to the amount of fuel obtained.

10 In the case of processing a mixture of different fractions, such as solid fuel recovered, obtained from urban solid waste and solid industrial waste through the process of classification, separation and crushing and enriched with a certain percentage of plastic, the transformation performance in gasoline and / or diesel (R gasoline and R diesel)

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20 In the case of using as a raw material a mixture of different fractions, such as recovered solid fuel, obtained from urban solid waste and solid industrial waste through the process of classification, separation and crushing without enriching it with plastic, but the transformation performance in gasoline and / or diesel (gasoline R and diesel R) can

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30 EXAMPLES

Two practical cases of different mixtures of waste that are processed at different operating conditions are exemplified, leading to the obtaining of a majority fraction of gasoline R in one case, and a majority fraction of diesel R in the other.

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Claims (1)

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