ES2543851A1 - Inclusion of catalysts in reconstituted tobacco formulations to reduce the emission of toxic products (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Inclusion of catalysts in reconstituted tobacco formulations to reduce the emission of toxic products (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDF

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ES2543851A1
ES2543851A1 ES201301192A ES201301192A ES2543851A1 ES 2543851 A1 ES2543851 A1 ES 2543851A1 ES 201301192 A ES201301192 A ES 201301192A ES 201301192 A ES201301192 A ES 201301192A ES 2543851 A1 ES2543851 A1 ES 2543851A1
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tobacco
catalyst
reconstituted tobacco
reconstituted
mixture
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ES2543851B1 (en
Inventor
Antonio Francisco Marcilla Gomis
Amparo GÓMEZ DE SIRUANA
María Isabel BELTRÁN RICO
Isabel MARTÍNEZ CASTELLANOS
Deseada Berenguer Muñoz
Erika GIL BOJ
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Universidad de Alicante
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Universidad de Alicante
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24BMANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24BMANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/287Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by inorganic substances only

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mixture of reconstituted tobacco with catalysts for the reduction of the emission of toxic tobacco products and to the process for the preparation of said mixture. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Campo de la invencion 10 La presente invenciOn se refiere a un procedimiento para la preparaci6n de tabaco reconstituido con inclusiOn de catalizadores y a la mezcla de tabaco reconstituido con catalizadores para la reducciOn de la emision de productos tOxicos. Estado de la tecnica 15 Por tabaco reconstituido se entiende aquel material elaborado a partir de tallos de tabaco, restos de hojas, finos de tabaco y otros materiales derivados de la planta de tabaco o de origen vegetal que se procesan por medio de procedimientos tipicos de la fabricaci6n de papel y finos de tabaco que no son utilizables en los procesos primarios de elaboraciOn de cigarrillos. El tabaco reconstituido se fabrica a partir de tallos de 20 tabaco y finos de tabaco producidos en el procesado primario de tabaco. Consiste en laminas, del tipo de hojas de papel que se recorta en tiras y se mezcla con las de hoja de tabaco en maquinaria apropiada para su envasado en forma de cigarrillos o en otro tipo de presentaciones para otros articulos susceptibles de ser fumados, como los tabacos de liar (RYO) o para rellenar tubos (MYO), tabacos de pipa y otros. 25 Las etapas tipicas en el proceso de elaboraciOn de tabaco reconstituido son las siguientes: 1. Almacenamiento de las materias primas, que incluye la recepcion y el almacenamiento de estas. 2. Extraccion de los componentes solubles en disolventes acuosos. En esta etapa se 30 obtiene un extracto acuoso quo debera concentrarse y volver a afiadirse en una etapa posterior del proceso y una porciOn insoluble rica en fibras. 3. Etapa de concentracion del extracto, que suele corresponder a una eliminacion de agua por evaporacion para concentrar los componentes extraidos en la etapa anterior. 4. Refino de la porcion insoluble y modificacion de las propiedades de las fibras para 35 poder proceder a su laminado. Como se describe en la patente ES2096728, que describe el uso de un agente capaz de romper las reticulaciones de las pectinas por INCLUSIÓN DE CATALIZADORES EN FORMULACIONES DE TABACO RECONSTITUIDO PARA LA REDUCCIÓN DE LA EMISIÓN DE PRODUCTOS TÓXICOS .DESCRIPCIÓN 5 metales alcalino-terreos. De este modo las pectinas liberadas se pueden distribuir uniformemente por todo el material. 5. Conformado en laminas. El material celulosico se conforma en hojas tipo papel. 6. Reaplicacion del extract° concentrado sobre las laminas y aplicacion de un agente capaz de restablecer las reticulaciones de las pectinas, o someter las laminas a unas 10 condiciones donde pueda tener lugar la reticulacion de las pectinas, de modo que se estabilice la forma del material. 7. Secado y troceado de las laminas, donde se de al material su forma y humedad final para ser mezclado con las tiras de hoja de tabaco y ser procesado en la maquinaria adecuada. 15 Todos los procesos descritos y que forman parte del proceso de fabricaci6n de tabaco reconstituido son susceptibles de multiples modificaciones. De este modo existe gran numero de patentes, donde se modifican todas y cada una de las operaciones descritas e incluso se sustituyen por otras alternatives. Asi por ejemplo, se han modificado las materias primas incluyendo materiales lignocelulosicos, se ha 20 considerado la inclusion de materiales aglomerantes o adhesivos para mejorar las propiedades mecanicas de las laminas obtenidas, como se describe en la patente US5584306, se ha propuesto la inclusiOn de aditivos para conferir al material caracteristicas especiales como aromas y sabores [US8434496] modificando las propiedades finales y textura del material. Se ha variado la forma final de estos 25 materiales desde laminas compactas a materiales granulares o incluso esponjosos o el uso directo de las laminas para hacer productos enrollables [W02008056099]. Se han incluido aditivos para mejorar el desarrollo del proceso de fumado, como el carbonato calcico micronizado [W02012170761] que mejora la combustibilidad y contribuye a reducir emisiones de CO y otros componentes. En estas y otras patentes se han 30 propuesto otra serie de modificaciones del proceso tales como el sistema de disoluciOn de las pectinas, el sistema de extraccion y la soluciOn extractante, agentes destructores de las reticulaciones entre las pectinas, los agentes y procesos para restablecer esos enlaces en la etapa posterior al conformado, el sistema de conformado, etc. Todos los afios siguen apareciendo nuevas aplicaciones y productos 35 en la bibliografie de patentes. Por otra parte, en la patente EP2092838 se pone de manifiesto la utilidad de la mezcla de catalizadores de tipo meso y macroporoso, como los materiales MCM41 con diversas modificaciones asi como carbones meso-macroporosos especialmente 5 activados para reducir la emision de la mayor parte de los connpuestos analizados en la corriente principal (y secundaria) del humo del tabaco, tanto en los gases como en los liquidos retenidos en los filtros y en las trampas. Existe pues la necesidad de proporcionar un tabaco reconstituido quo incluya un catalizador con el objeto de reducir los humos generados en el proceso de fumado, de 10 tal forma que la presente invencion soluciona el problema anteriormente mencionado mediante la elaboracion de tabaco reconstituido que incorpora materiales capaces de reducir la toxicidad de los humos generados en el proceso de fumado de dicho tabaco reconstituido y sus mezclas con tabaco u otros productos susceptibles de ser fumados (como podria ser tabaco reconstituido que no incorporase catalizadores). 15 Descripcion de la invencion Asi pues, en un primer aspecto, la presente invenciOn se refiere a una mezcla (de aqui en adelante mezcla de la presente invencion) quo comprende tabaco reconstituido y/o tabaco expandido y al menos un catalizador seleccionado de entre: 20 a) aluminosilicato tipo SAB-15, o sus formas acidas, sOclicas, intercambiadas con Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr, sus oxidos de Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr y mezclas de los mismos, b) Na-MCM-41, Na-Fe-MCM-41, Na-Ce-MCM-41, Na-Zr-MCM-41, sus mezclas con Oxidos de Fe, Co o Zr; y mezclas, o 25 c) carbones activados mesoporosos. En la presente invencion, tabaco reconstituido se refiere a tabaco elaborado a partir de tallos de tabaco, restos de hojas, finos de tabaco o derivados de la planta de tabaco de origen vegetal procesados mediante procesos tipicos de la fabricaci6n de papel y finos de tabaco que no son utilizables en los procesos primarios de elaboracion de 30 cigarrillos. En la presente invencion, tabaco expandido se refiere a tabaco cuyo volumen se ha expandido mediante la evaporaciOn rapida de una sustancia, como por ejemplo el hielo seco. En la presente invencion por carbones activados mesoporosos se refiere a carbones 35 activados mesoporosos con un tamalio de particula comprendido entre 1-100 1.1,m, de elevado grado de activacion, con una superficie SBET comprendida entre 1200-4200 m2/g, un volumen Vmic comprendido entre 0.4-1.2 cm3/g y un volumen VMESO 5 comprendido entre 0.6-2.8 cm3/g como aditivo para reducir las sustancias tOxicas y cancerigenas presentes en el humo del tabaco. En una realizaciOn particular, la concentraciOn de catalizador respecto at resto de material constituyente de la mezcla de la presente invencion, esta comprendida entre el 0,1-60 % en peso, mas en particular entre 10-35% en peso. 10 En otra realizacion, la concentracion de catalizador respecto a la mezcla final de tabaco, tabaco reconstituido, tabaco expandido y otros materiales susceptibles de ser fumados esta comprendida entre el 0,5-15% en peso, mas en particular entre 3-8%. En otra realizaciOn particular de la presente invenciOn, el espesor del tabaco reconstituido esta comprendido entre 10-500 micras. 15 En otra realizacion particular de la presente invencion el tabaco reconstituido o expandido esta en una proporci6n comprendida entre 1-99% en peso respecto a la mezcla final. En otro aspecto, la presente invenciOn se refiere a un procedimiento para la preparaciOn de tabaco reconstituido y/o expandido de la presente invencion que 20 comprende una etapa de inclusiOn de al menos un catalizador seleccionado de entre: a) aluminosilicato tipo SAB-15, o sus formas acidas, sodicas, intercambiadas con Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr, sus oxidos de Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr y mezclas de los mismos, b) Na-MCM-41, Na-Fe-MCM-41, Na-Ce-MCM-41, Na-Zr-MCM-41, sus mezclas 25 con Oxidos de Fe, Ce o Zr, y mezclas, o c) carbones activados mesoporosos. Descripcidn de las figuras La figural muestra detalles de los cromatogramas (a, b y c) de los liquidos retenidos 30 en las trampas obtenidos para la mezcla de tabaco de referencia y tabaco reconstituido, asi como para la mezcla de tabaco de referencia y tabaco reconstituido incluyendo (segun se ha descrito) uno de los catalizadores a modo de ejemplo de la reduccion obtenida en la practica totalidad de los picos detectados. Linea discontinua: mezclas de 3R4F con tabaco reconstituido con catalizador SBA espuma; linea 35 continua: tabaco sin catalizador. 5 Descripcion detallada de la invencion En todos los ejemplos se utilizO el mismo tabaco reconstituido, obtenido a partir de tabaco de referenda de la Universidad de Kentucky, 3R4F, al que se le ariadieron distintos catalizadores. Dichos materiales se mezclaron con tabaco 3R4F normal en proporciones que suponian un porcentaje de catalizador sobre el total de la mezcla del 10 orden del 5% y se fumaron en una maquina de fumado en condiciones dadas por la norma ISO (ISO 3308, caladas de 2 s de duraciOn, volumen aspirado 35 mL, frecuencia de caladas 60 s y perdida de presi6n en la calada menor de 300 Pa). Se determinO el CO, la fraccion condensada en filtros, TPM-F, en las trampas, TPM-T (que representa la fracci6n que podria pasar a los pulmones de los fumadores), la 15 nicotina, ash como gran multitud de compuestos presentes tanto en la fracciOn gaseosa como en la fracci6n liquida condensada de la corriente principal del humo del tabaco segOn se describe en Marcilla A., et al. 2011. Reduction of tobacco smoke components yields by zeolites and synthesized Al-MCM-41. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 161, 14-24. Los resultados se compararon con los obtenidos al fumar mezclas 20 incluyendo tabaco reconstituido sin catalizador en la misma proporci6n que las que si contenian catalizador, ash como con sOlo tabaco 3R4F y tabaco 3R4F al que se le ha ariadido la misma cantidad de catalizador, pero mezclando directamente el polvo con el tabaco. Los cigarrillos, una vez preparados se acondicionaron a temperatura ambiente y 60% de humedad relativa, manteniendolos en un desecador provisto de 25 una disoluciOn saturada de nitrito soclico, al menos durante 48 h antes de ser fumados. Preparacion del tabaco reconstituido. Se mezclo intensamente el tabaco obtenido de 100 cigarrillos 3R4F de la Universidad de Kentucky. Se extrajeron 10 g de este tabaco a 60 °C usando 8 partes de agua destilada por cada parte de tabaco. La suspension resultante se dej6 asentar durante 20 min. Despues de separar el extract° por 30 decantaciOn, la pasta de tabaco resultante se moli6 en un molino de rodillos de acero durante 5 minutos. La pasta resultante se resuspendi6 en agua hasta una concentracion en solidos de aproximadamente un 1 %. Despues de 10 minutos de homogeneizaciOn se filtro a traves de un tamiz metalico con una luz de 50 .L. La lamina resultante presentO un contenido en humedad del orden del 70 %. Posteriormente se 35 adiciono, con un spray, aproximadamente 2.3 g de una solucion acuosa conteniendo un 3.2% en peso de hidrogeno ortofosfato de amonio y un 6.8% en peso de amoniaco, como agente liberador de pectinas. El extract° liquid° obtenido en la primera etapa se concentrO por evaporaciOn hasta una concentraci6n de aproximadamente el 74 % de 5 agua. Dicho extract° se calentO a 54 °C y se proyecto sobre la lamina anteriormente obtenida aproximadamente 10 segundos despues de haber rociado con el agente liberador de pectinas. Posteriormente se secO la lamina a 35 °C durante 24 h y se obtuvo la lamina de tabaco reconstituido que se troceo en forma de pequefios trocitos y se almacenO, en atmosfera de temperatura y humedad controladas iguales a las 10 utilizadas en el acondicionamiento del tabaco, hasta su posterior mezclado con tabaco o su fumado directo. El espesor de las laminas obtenidas se ajusto a aproximadamente 150 IA, siendo esta un variable que tiene una marcada influencia en el comportamiento posterior de la mezcla en el proceso de fumado, como se comentara posteriormente. 15 Tabaco reconstituido incluyendo catalizador. En los ejemplos que se presentan a continuacion se utilizaron distintas muestras de tabaco reconstituido incluyendo catalizadores. Para la elaboracion de estas muestras procedio de modo analog° al descrito en el apartado anterior, con la (mica modificaci6n de que se ha incorporado la cantidad adecuada de cada catalizador en la 20 etapa de resuspensiOn de la masa de tabaco insoluble en el proceso de extraccion, despues del proceso de refinado. En este sentido hay que indicar que el catalizador puede ser incorporado en cualquier otra etapa del proceso. La densidad aparente del catalizador afecta marcadamente al espesor que se consigue en la lamina de producto final. Dado que los catalizadores utilizados suelen 25 presentar densidades aparentes muy bajas, del orden de los 100 kg/m3, el peso por unidad de superficie de estas laminas disminuye al aumentar la concentraciOn de catalizador incorporado, si se mantiene el espesor. Si se mantiene el peso por unidad de superficie aumenta notablemente el espesor. En los ejemplos que siguen se ha utilizado una concentraciOn de catalizador en el tabaco reconstituido del orden del 20% 30 en peso, se han mantenido los espesores del mismo orden que los obtenidos para el tabaco reconstituido sin catalizador y se ha utilizado una concentracion de catalizador en la mezcla final del orden del 5% en peso, lo que supone mezclar el tabaco con el tabaco reconstituido en una proporcion de 4 a 1 en peso. El efecto final de los catalizadores en los productos elaborados dependera, como ya se ha indicado, de 35 eleccion de estas y otras variables. El espesor de las laminas de tabaco reconstituido con catalizador, su densidad, el volumen disponible para la mezcla con tabaco, la homogeneidad de la mezcla resultante, el proceso de mezclado con el tabaco, asi como otros aspectos, pueden incidir de forma positiva o negativa en el proceso. 5 En los ejemplos descritos se ha optado por mantener el espesor de las laminas de tabaco reconstituido obtenidas, ajustando para ello la cantidad de tabaco de partida para la preparaci6n de cada pasta, ya que la superficie filtrante para la preparacion de la lamina de material se ha mantenido constante. Para la realizacion de estos ejemplos se utilizaron tres catalizadores, C1, C2 y C3. Los 10 dos primeros corresponden a materiales de silice amorfa macroporosa del tipo SBA-15, el segundo de ellos en forma de espuma, y el tercero corresponde a un carbon activado de elevado grado de activacion y un marcado caracter mesoporoso. El catalizador 1 sintetizo siguiendo el procedimiento descrito en la solicitud de patente P201201266. Para la obtenciOn de la espuma se ha utilizado el siguiente metodo 15 descrito en Meynen V., et al. Verified syntheses of mesoporous materials. Microporous and mesoporous materials. 125. 170-223. 2009Para la preparacion de C3 se ha seguido el procedimiento descrito en la solicitud de patente P201300305. En la tabla 1 se muestra un breve resumen los experimentos Ilevados a cabo con las diferentes muestras de tabaco 3R4F (las nombraremos como T), tabaco+catalizador 20 (TCi), tabaco+tabaco reconstituido (TTR) y tabaco+(tabaco reconstituido+catalizador) (TTRCi). 0.784 0 1.05 TTR 0.782 0 0.02 1.05 TC1 0.771 4.7 1.08 TC2 0.806 2.8 1.1 TC3 0.768 4.8 1.08 TTRC1 0.776 4.6 0.02 1.04 TTRC2 0.773 aprox. 5 0.02 1.04 TTRC3 0.780 aprox. 6 0.02 1.05 Tabla 1.- Mezclas Ilevadas a cabo en los diferentes ensayos realizados y caracteristicas de los cigarrillos 5 A continuacion se muestran los resultados obtenidos en cada uno de los experimentos de fumado Ilevados a cabo, agrupados por tipo de catalizador utilizado. De esta manera se puede observar el efecto que este provoca sobre la corriente principal del humo del tabaco cuando se mezcla directamente con el tabaco o bien es atiadido al proceso de fabricacion del tabaco reconstituido. 10 Ejemplo 1: Pruebas realizadas con el catalizador SBA-15 A continuaci6n se muestran algunos de los resultados obtenidos cuando se realizan las pruebas con el catalizador SBA-15. Se ha incorporado en todos los casos un 5% de catalizador, bien directamente o bien incluido en el tabaco reconstituido. Las 15 muestras con tabaco reconstituido incluyen un 30-35% de este material. Todos los cigarrillos preparados tienen una masa que oscila alrededor de 0.8 g. Table 2. Porcentaje de catalizador, CO y TPM obtenidos al fumar tabaco bajo condiciones controladas. 1. -- 11.0 5.2 11.0 TTR -- 13.2 5.6 11.7 TC1 4.7 8.7 1.5 6.1 TTRC1 4.6 10.6 2.5 7.5 20 Como se puede observar en los datos de la tabla en presencia de tabaco reconstituido se produjo un leve aumento de CO y TPM. En presencia de catalizador, tanto en contacto directo, como adicionado en el proceso de elaboraciOn de tabaco reconstituido, se observaron reducciones de bastante importancia, siendo en este caso mejor el contacto directo. Las reducciones conseguidas en el TPM-T fueron muy 25 interesantes, en ambos casos se consiguieron reducciones superiores al 50% de la fracci6n generada con respecto al tabaco de referencia. A continuaci6n se muestran las reducciones ya comentadas que se obtuvieron para CO, TPM-F y TPM-T. 5 Tabla 3. Reducciones obtenidas en CO y TPM En la Tabla 4 se muestran los valores para algunos de los compuestos de mayor relevancia encontrados en la fracci6n gaseosa de la corriente principal del humo del tabaco. 10 Tabla 4. Concentraci6n de los compuestos analizados en los gases procedentes del fumado del tabaco de referencia y porcentaje de reducciOn respecto a dicho tabaco de los diferentes cornpuestos analizados en los gases procedentes del fumado del resto de las muestras. Propionaldehido 0.0228 -5.6 34.1 17.0 Tolueno 0.0324 4.5 38.1 40.3 Benceno 0.117 -11.2 34.3 6.4 Clorometano 0.046 -19.6 30.4 6.5 HCN 0.011 -9.1 27.3 18.2 Acetaldehido 0.54 1.9 37.0 29.6 VOC's 3.32 -14.5 29.5 16.0 15 En cuanto a la fracciOn liquida condensada en trampas en el caso de la nicotina al mezclar T y TR se obtuvo practicamente la misma cantidad (0.65 y 0.68 mg/cigarrillo) mientras que al utilizar el catalizador Cl se obtuvo una reducci6n del orden del 66% mientras que cuando se utiliza TR incluyendo este catalizador la reduccion fue del 57%. La tabla 5 muestra algunos los compuestos seleccionados en el extracto de las 5 trampas, incluida la nicotina, y se puede observar un comportamiento similar al descrito para esta. Tab/a 5. ConcentraciOn de los compuestos analizados en la fracciOn TPM-T procedentes del fumado del tabaco de referenda y porcentaje de reducci6n respecto a dicho tabaco de los diferentes cornpuestos analizados en el fumado del resto de las 10 muestras. Nicotina 0.65 -4.6 66.1 57.0 Fenol 0.0016 -70.7 84.5 63.7 Limoneno 0.0018 -102.1 68.1 50.8 Miosmina 0.0038 -40.2 70.9 73.2 p-Cresol 0.0024 -39.6 83.3 75.0 Hidroquinona 0.0006 -52.9 67.1 52.9 Como se puede observar en la tabla 5 las reducciones obtenidas en la fraccion condensada en la trampa de humo (fraccion que serta inhalada por el fumador), en presencia de catalizador, fueron muy elevadas y, por lo tanto muy interesantes puesto 15 que esta fraccion es eliminada en una gran proporcion. La figura 1 muestra, a modo de ejemplo, el comatograma obtenido de esta fracciOn en el caso en que se fumado una mezcla de tabaco de referenda con tabaco reconstituido incluyendo el catalizador SBA espuma. Para observar major el efecto comentado se ha divido el cromatograma en tres zonas y se ha desplazado la serial 20 obtenida para la mezcla que no incluye el catalizador en cada una de las figuras resultantes una unidad (1 minuto) en el eje de las x y de forma arbitraria en eje de las y (manteniedo la escala que se indica en cada figura). Se puede apreciar una marcarda disminuciOn del area de la casi totalidad de los picos detectados. 25 5 Ejemplo 2: Pruebas realizadas con el catalizador c2 en forma de espuma Tabla 6. Porcentaje de catalizador, CO y TPM obtenidos al fumar tabaco bajo condiciones controladas. 10 Tabla 7. Reducciones obtenidas en CO y TPM En presencia de catalizador, tanto en contacto direct°, como adicionado en el proceso de elaboracion de tabaco reconstituido, se observaron reducciones de bastante importancia, siendo en este caso mejor cuando el catalizador era adicionado al tabaco reconstituido. 15 Tabla 8. ConcentraciOn de los compuestos analizados en los gases procedentes del fumado del tabaco de referenda y porcentaje de reducci6n respecto a dicho tabaco de los diferentes cornpuestos analizados en los gases procedentes del fumado del resto de /as muestras. 5 Benceno 0.117 34.6 Clorometano 0.046 23.9 HCN 0.011 39.1 Acetaldehido 0.54 55.6 VOC's 3.32 36.7 La cantidad de nicotina en presencia del catalizador C2 se redujo 52% mientras que cuando se utilize) TR incluyendo este catalizador la reduccion fue del 68%. La tabla 9 muestra algunos los compuestos seleccionados en el extracto de las trampas y se puede observar un comportamiento similar al descrito para la nicotina. 10 Tabla 9. Concentraci6n de los compuestos analizados en la fracciOn TPM-T procedentes del fumado del tabaco de referenda y porcentaje de reducci6n respecto a dicho tabaco de los diferentes cornpuestos analizados en e/ fumado del resto de las muestras. Nicotina 0.65 52.3 67.7 Fenol 0.0016 84.1 84.1 Limoneno 0.0018 -1.5 74.9 Miosmina 0.0038 36.2 73.5 p-Cresol 0.0024 66.7 91.7 Hidroquinona 0.0006 56.5 72.9 15 En presencia del catalizador C2 es destacable los resultados obtenidos cuando este se adiciona al tabaco reconstituido, puesto que la cantidad de algunos compuestos, ya sean gases o liquidos, son reducidos en proporciones superiores at 50%. Ejemplo 3: Pruebas realizadas un carbOn activo Los resultados obtenidos cuando se realizan las pruebas con el catalizador C3 fueron 20 los siguientes: 5 Tabla 10. Porcentaje de catalizador, CO y TPM obtenidos al fumar tabaco bajo condiciones controladas. Tabla 11. Reducciones obtenidas en CO y TPM 10 En presencia de catalizador, tanto en contacto directo, como adicionado en el proceso de elaboracion de tabaco reconstituido, se observaron reducciones de bastante importancia en ambos tipos de contacto. A continuacion se muestran los valores para algunos de los compuestos de mayor relevancia encontrados en la fracciOn gaseosa de la corriente principal del humo del 15 tabaco. Tabla 12. Concentrackin de los compuestos analizados en los gases procedentes del fumado del tabaco de referenda y porcentaje de reducckin respecto a dicho tabaco de los diferentes cornpuestos analizados en los gases procedentes del fumado del resto de las muestras. 5 Tolueno 0.0324 28.9 53.0 Benceno 0.117 35.5 34.0 Clorometano 0.046 34.8 21.7 HCN 0.011 25.5 41.8 Acetaldehido 0.54 48.1 55.6 VOC's 3.32 31.3 41.6 La nicotina en presencia del catalizador C3 consigue una reducciOn del orden del 74% mientras que cuando se utiliza TR incluyendo este catalizador la reducciOn es del 78%. La tabla 10 muestra algunos los compuestos seleccionados en el extracto de las trampas y se puede observar un comportamiento similar al descrito para la nicotina. 10 Tab/a 13. Concentraci6n de los compuestos analizados en la fracci6n TPM-T procedentes del fumado del tabaco de referencia y porcentaje de reducciOn respecto a dicho tabaco de los diferentes cornpuestos analizados en el fumado del resto de las muestras. Nicotina 0.65 73.8 78.5 Fenol 0.0016 94.9 92.3 Limoneno 0.0018 94.8 84.0 Miosmina 0.0038 88.9 87.3 p-Cresol 0.0024 83.3 100 Hidroquinona 0.0006 70.6 100 15 En este caso, para las diferentes fracciones generadas, el comportamiento del catalizador fue muy bueno en ambos tipos de muestra. En la figura 3 se muestra el cromatograma obtenido, que pone de manifiesto el buen comportamiento ya comentado. 5 Las tablas 2 a 13, y la figura 1, ponen de manifiesto que los catalizadores utilizados cuando se adicionan al tabaco reconstituido proporcionaron una reducciOn significativa de la cantidad de compuestos toxicos que aparecen en el humo del tabaco. Esta reducci6n contribuy6 tambien a conseguir una importante disminuciOn en la mayoria de los compuestos presentes en el humo del tabaco, lo que conlleva un efecto menos 10 negativo, tanto en los fumadores activos como en los pasivos, sin provocar cambios apreciables en las propiedades organolepticas y en el sabor y en la consistencia del tabaco.         Field of the invention 10 The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of reconstituted tobacco with inclusion of catalysts and the mixture of reconstituted tobacco with catalysts for the reduction of the emission of toxic products. State of the art 15 Reconstituted tobacco means that material made from tobacco stalks, leaf remains, tobacco fines and other materials derived from the tobacco plant or plant origin that are processed by means of typical procedures of the manufacture of paper and tobacco fines that are not usable in the primary processes of cigarette making. Reconstituted tobacco is manufactured from stalks of 20 tobacco and tobacco fines produced in the primary tobacco processing. It consists of sheets, of the type of paper that is cut into strips and mixed with those of tobacco leaf in appropriate machinery for packaging in the form of cigarettes or in other types of presentations for other items likely to be smoked, such as rolling tobacco (RYO) or for filling tubes (MYO), pipe tobacco and others. 25 The typical stages in the process of making reconstituted tobacco are the following: 1. Storage of raw materials, which includes the reception and storage of these. 2. Extraction of soluble components in aqueous solvents. At this stage an aqueous extract is obtained which should be concentrated and re-added at a later stage of the process and an insoluble portion rich in fibers. 3. Extract concentration stage, which usually corresponds to a removal of water by evaporation to concentrate the components extracted in the previous stage. 4. Refining the insoluble portion and modifying the properties of the fibers to be able to proceed with its rolling. As described in patent ES2096728, which describes the use of an agent capable of breaking the cross-links of pectins by INCLUSION OF CATALYSTS IN FORMULATIONS OF TOBACCO RECONSTITUTED FOR REDUCTION OF THE ISSUANCE OF TOXIC PRODUCTS. DESCRIPTION  5 alkaline earth metals. In this way the released pectins can be distributed evenly throughout the material. 5. Formed in sheets. The cellulosic material is formed in sheets of paper type. 6. Reapplication of the concentrated extract on the sheets and application of an agent capable of restoring the cross-links of the pectins, or subjecting the sheets to about 10 conditions where the cross-linking of the pectins can take place, so that the shape of the pectin is stabilized material. 7. Drying and slicing of the sheets, where the material is given its shape and final moisture to be mixed with the tobacco leaf strips and processed in the appropriate machinery. 15 All the processes described and that are part of the process of manufacturing reconstituted tobacco are subject to multiple modifications. In this way there is a large number of patents, where each and every one of the operations described are modified and even replaced by other alternatives. Thus, for example, the raw materials have been modified including lignocellulosic materials, the inclusion of binder or adhesive materials to improve the mechanical properties of the sheets obtained has been considered, as described in US5584306, the inclusion of additives has been proposed. to confer special characteristics such as aromas and flavors to the material [US8434496] by modifying the final properties and texture of the material. The final form of these 25 materials has been varied from compact sheets to granular or even spongy materials or the direct use of the sheets to make rolling products [W02008056099]. Additives have been included to improve the development of the smoking process, such as micronized calcium carbonate [W02012170761] that improves combustibility and helps reduce emissions of CO and other components. In these and other patents, another series of process modifications have been proposed, such as the pectin dissolution system, the extraction system and the extracting solution, destructive agents of cross-linking between the pectins, the agents and processes to restore those links in the post-forming stage, the forming system, etc. New applications and products 35 continue to appear in the patent literature every year. On the other hand, in EP2092838 patent the utility of the mixture of meso and macroporous type catalysts, such as MCM41 materials with various modifications as well as meso-macroporous carbons, especially  5 activated to reduce the emission of most of the analyzed connotations in the main (and secondary) stream of tobacco smoke, both in the gases and in the liquids retained in the filters and in the traps. There is therefore a need to provide a reconstituted tobacco which includes a catalyst in order to reduce the fumes generated in the smoking process, in such a way that the present invention solves the aforementioned problem by the elaboration of reconstituted tobacco incorporating capable materials. to reduce the toxicity of the fumes generated in the smoking process of said reconstituted tobacco and its mixtures with tobacco or other products likely to be smoked (such as reconstituted tobacco that would not incorporate catalysts). Description of the invention Thus, in a first aspect, the present invention relates to a mixture (hereinafter referred to as a mixture of the present invention) which comprises reconstituted tobacco and / or expanded tobacco and at least one catalyst selected from: 20 a) SAB-15 type aluminosilicate, or its acidic forms, sical, exchanged with Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr, its oxides of Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr and mixtures thereof, b) Na-MCM-41, Na-Fe-MCM-41, Na-Ce-MCM-41, Na-Zr-MCM-41, mixtures thereof with Fe, Co or Zr Oxides; and mixtures, or 25 c) mesoporous activated carbons. In the present invention, reconstituted tobacco refers to tobacco made from tobacco stalks, leaf residues, tobacco fines or plant-derived tobacco plant processed by means of typical papermaking processes and tobacco fines that They are not usable in the primary processes of making 30 cigarettes. In the present invention, expanded tobacco refers to tobacco whose volume has expanded by rapid evaporation of a substance, such as dry ice. In the present invention mesoporous activated carbon refers to mesoporous activated carbon 35 with a particle size between 1-100 1.1, m, of high degree of activation, with a SBET surface between 1200-4200 m2 / g, a volume Vmic between 0.4-1.2 cm3 / g and a VMESO volume 5 between 0.6-2.8 cm3 / g as an additive to reduce the toxic and carcinogenic substances present in tobacco smoke. In a particular embodiment, the catalyst concentration with respect to the rest of the constituent material of the mixture of the present invention is comprised between 0.1-60% by weight, more particularly between 10-35% by weight. In another embodiment, the catalyst concentration with respect to the final mixture of tobacco, reconstituted tobacco, expanded tobacco and other materials susceptible to being smoked is between 0.5-15% by weight, more particularly between 3-8% . In another particular embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the reconstituted tobacco is between 10-500 microns. In another particular embodiment of the present invention the reconstituted or expanded tobacco is in a proportion comprised between 1-99% by weight with respect to the final mixture. In another aspect, the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of reconstituted and / or expanded tobacco of the present invention comprising a step of including at least one catalyst selected from: a) SAB-15 type aluminosilicate, or its acidic, sodic forms, exchanged with Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr, its oxides of Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr and mixtures thereof, b) Na-MCM-41, Na -Fe-MCM-41, Na-Ce-MCM-41, Na-Zr-MCM-41, mixtures thereof with Oxides of Fe, Ce or Zr, and mixtures, or c) mesoporous activated carbons. Description of the figures The figure shows details of the chromatograms (a, b and c) of the liquids retained 30 in the traps obtained for the mixture of reference tobacco and reconstituted tobacco, as well as for the mixture of reference tobacco and reconstituted tobacco including ( as described) one of the catalysts by way of example of the reduction obtained in almost all the peaks detected. Dashed line: mixtures of 3R4F with reconstituted tobacco with SBA foam catalyst; continuous line 35: tobacco without catalyst.  5 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In all the examples the same reconstituted tobacco was used, obtained from reference tobacco of the University of Kentucky, 3R4F, to which different catalysts were added. These materials were mixed with normal 3R4F tobacco in proportions that accounted for a percentage of catalyst over the total of the mixture of 10 order of 5% and smoked in a smoking machine under conditions given by the ISO standard (ISO 3308, draft of 2 s duration, volume aspirated 35 mL, frequency of drafts 60 s and pressure loss in the draft less than 300 Pa). CO was determined, the fraction condensed in filters, TPM-F, in the traps, TPM-T (which represents the fraction that could pass to the lungs of smokers), nicotine, ash as well as a multitude of compounds present both in the gaseous fraction as in the condensed liquid fraction of the mainstream of tobacco smoke as described in Marcilla A., et al. 2011. Reduction of tobacco smoke components yields by zeolites and synthesized Al-MCM-41. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 161, 14-24. The results were compared with those obtained by smoking mixtures 20 including reconstituted tobacco without catalyst in the same proportion as those containing catalyst, as with only 3R4F tobacco and 3R4F tobacco to which the same amount of catalyst has been added, but mixing Directly dust with tobacco. The cigarettes, once prepared, were conditioned at room temperature and 60% relative humidity, keeping them in a desiccator provided with a saturated solution of soclic nitrite, at least for 48 hours before being smoked. Preparation of reconstituted tobacco. Tobacco mixed with 100 3R4F cigarettes from the University of Kentucky was intensively mixed. 10 g of this tobacco was extracted at 60 ° C using 8 parts of distilled water for each part of tobacco. The resulting suspension was allowed to settle for 20 min. After separating the extract by 30 decantation, the resulting tobacco paste was ground in a steel roller mill for 5 minutes. The resulting paste was resuspended in water to a solids concentration of approximately 1%. After 10 minutes of homogenization, it was filtered through a metal sieve with a light of 50 .L. The resulting sheet had a moisture content of the order of 70%. Subsequently, approximately 2.3 g of an aqueous solution containing 3.2% by weight of ammonium orthophosphate hydrogen and 6.8% by weight of ammonia was added as a pectin releasing agent. The extract ° liquid obtained in the first stage was concentrated by evaporation to a concentration of approximately 74% of  5 water Said extract was heated to 54 ° C and was projected onto the previously obtained sheet approximately 10 seconds after spraying with the pectin releasing agent. Subsequently, the laminate was dried at 35 ° C for 24 h and the reconstituted tobacco lamina was obtained which was chopped into small pieces and stored, in an atmosphere of controlled temperature and humidity equal to the 10 used in the conditioning of the tobacco, until its later mixed with tobacco or its direct smoking. The thickness of the sheets obtained was adjusted to approximately 150 AI, this being a variable that has a marked influence on the subsequent behavior of the mixture in the smoking process, as will be discussed later. 15 Reconstituted tobacco including catalyst. In the examples presented below, different samples of reconstituted tobacco including catalysts were used. For the preparation of these samples, the procedure was analogous to that described in the previous section, with the only modification that the appropriate amount of each catalyst has been incorporated into the resuspensing stage of the insoluble tobacco mass in the process of extraction, after the refining process.In this regard it should be noted that the catalyst can be incorporated at any other stage of the process.The apparent density of the catalyst markedly affects the thickness that is achieved in the final product sheet. used usually have very low apparent densities, of the order of 100 kg / m3, the weight per unit area of these sheets decreases as the concentration of incorporated catalyst increases, if the thickness is maintained, if the weight is maintained per unit of surface area increases thickness significantly In the following examples a catalyst concentration has been used in the reconstituted tobacco of the order d 20% by weight, the thicknesses of the same order as those obtained for reconstituted tobacco without catalyst have been maintained and a catalyst concentration has been used in the final mixture of the order of 5% by weight, which means mixing the tobacco with reconstituted tobacco in a proportion of 4 to 1 by weight. The final effect of the catalysts on the processed products will depend, as already indicated, on the choice of these and other variables. The thickness of the sheets of reconstituted tobacco with catalyst, its density, the volume available for mixing with tobacco, the homogeneity of the resulting mixture, the process of mixing with tobacco, as well as other aspects, can have a positive or negative effect. in the process.  5 In the examples described, it has been decided to maintain the thickness of the reconstituted tobacco sheets obtained by adjusting the amount of starting tobacco for the preparation of each paste, since the filtering surface for the preparation of the sheet of material is It has kept constant. For the realization of these examples, three catalysts, C1, C2 and C3, were used. The first two correspond to materials of amorphous silicon macroporous SBA-15 type, the second one in the form of foam, and the third corresponds to an activated carbon of high degree of activation and a marked mesoporous character. The catalyst 1 synthesized following the procedure described in patent application P201201266. The following method 15 described in Meynen V., et al. Has been used to obtain the foam. Verified syntheses of mesoporous materials. Microporous and mesoporous materials. 125. 170-223. 2009 For the preparation of C3 the procedure described in patent application P201300305 has been followed. Table 1 shows a brief summary of the experiments carried out with the different samples of 3R4F tobacco (we will name them as T), tobacco + catalyst 20 (TCi), tobacco + reconstituted tobacco (TTR) and tobacco + (reconstituted tobacco + catalyst ) (TTRCi). 0.784 0 1.05 TTR 0.782 0 0.02 1.05 TC1 0.771 4.7 1.08 TC2 0.806 2.8 1.1 TC3 0.768 4.8 1.08 TTRC1 0.776 4.6 0.02 1.04 TTRC2 0.773 approx. 5 0.02 1.04 TTRC3 0.780 approx. 6 0.02 1.05 Table 1.- Mixtures carried out in the different tests carried out and characteristics of cigarettes  5 Below are the results obtained in each of the smoking experiments carried out, grouped by type of catalyst used. In this way, the effect that this causes on the mainstream of tobacco smoke when it is mixed directly with the tobacco can be observed, or it is added to the manufacturing process of the reconstituted tobacco. 10 Example 1: Tests performed with the SBA-15 catalyst Below are some of the results obtained when testing with the SBA-15 catalyst. In all cases 5% catalyst has been incorporated, either directly or included in the reconstituted tobacco. The 15 samples with reconstituted tobacco include 30-35% of this material. All prepared cigarettes have a mass that ranges around 0.8 g. Table 2. Percentage of catalyst, CO and TPM obtained by smoking tobacco under controlled conditions. 1. - 11.0 5.2 11.0 TTR - 13.2 5.6 11.7 TC1 4.7 8.7 1.5 6.1 TTRC1 4.6 10.6 2.5 7.5 20 As can be seen from the table in the presence of reconstituted tobacco, there was a slight increase in CO and TPM. In the presence of a catalyst, both in direct contact and in the process of making reconstituted tobacco, significant reductions were observed, direct contact being better in this case. The reductions achieved in the TPM-T were very interesting, in both cases reductions greater than 50% of the fraction generated with respect to the reference tobacco were achieved. The reductions already mentioned that were obtained for CO, TPM-F and TPM-T are shown below.  5 Table 3. Reductions obtained in CO and TPM Table 4 shows the values for some of the most relevant compounds found in the gaseous fraction of the mainstream of tobacco smoke. 10 Table 4. Concentration of the compounds analyzed in the gases coming from the smoking of the reference tobacco and percentage reduction with respect to said tobacco of the different cornposts analyzed in the gases coming from the smoking of the rest of the samples. Propionaldehyde 0.0228 -5.6 34.1 17.0 Toluene 0.0324 4.5 38.1 40.3 Benzene 0.117 -11.2 34.3 6.4 Chloromethane 0.046 -19.6 30.4 6.5 HCN 0.011 -9.1 27.3 18.2 Acetaldehyde 0.54 1.9 37.0 29.6 VOC's 3.32 -14.5 29.5 16.0 15 As for the fraction in liquid condensate in the case of nicotine when mixing T and TR practically the same amount was obtained (0.65 and 0.68 mg / cigarette) while using the Cl catalyst a reduction of the order of 66% was obtained while when using TR including this catalyst the reduction was 57%. Table 5 shows some of the compounds selected in the extract of the  5 traps, including nicotine, and a behavior similar to that described for this can be observed. Tab / a 5. Concentration of the compounds analyzed in the TPM-T fraction from smoking of the reference tobacco and percentage reduction with respect to said tobacco of the different cornposts analyzed in the smoking of the rest of the 10 samples. Nicotine 0.65 -4.6 66.1 57.0 Phenol 0.0016 -70.7 84.5 63.7 Limonene 0.0018 -102.1 68.1 50.8 Myosmine 0.0038 -40.2 70.9 73.2 p-Cresol 0.0024 -39.6 83.3 75.0 Hydroquinone 0.0006 -52.9 67.1 52.9 As can be seen in table 5 the reductions obtained in the fraction condensed in the smoke trap (fraction that is inhaled by the smoker), in the presence of a catalyst, was very high and, therefore, very interesting since this fraction is eliminated in a large proportion. Figure 1 shows, by way of example, the comatogram obtained from this fraction in the case where a reference tobacco mixture with reconstituted tobacco including the foam SBA catalyst was smoked. To better observe the effect mentioned, the chromatogram has been divided into three zones and the serial 20 obtained for the mixture that does not include the catalyst in each of the resulting figures has been displaced by one unit (1 minute) on the xy axis of arbitrary shape in the y axis (maintaining the scale indicated in each figure). A marked decrease in the area of almost all the peaks detected can be seen. 25  5 Example 2: Tests performed with the c2 foam catalyst Table 6. Percentage of catalyst, CO and TPM obtained by smoking tobacco under controlled conditions. 10 Table 7. Reductions obtained in CO and TPM In the presence of a catalyst, both in direct contact °, and added in the process of making reconstituted tobacco, reductions of considerable importance were observed, being in this case better when the catalyst was added to the reconstituted tobacco 15 Table 8. Concentration of the compounds analyzed in the gases from the smoking of the reference tobacco and percentage reduction with respect to said tobacco of the different compounds analyzed in the gases coming from the smoking of the rest of the samples. 5 Benzene 0.117 34.6 Chloromethane 0.046 23.9 HCN 0.011 39.1 Acetaldehyde 0.54 55.6 VOC's 3.32 36.7 The amount of nicotine in the presence of the C2 catalyst was reduced 52% while when used) TR including this catalyst the reduction was 68%. Table 9 shows some of the compounds selected in the extract of the traps and a behavior similar to that described for nicotine can be observed. 10 Table 9. Concentration of the compounds analyzed in the TPM-T fraction from smoking of the reference tobacco and percentage reduction with respect to said tobacco of the different cornposts analyzed in e / smoking of the rest of the samples. Nicotine 0.65 52.3 67.7 Phenol 0.0016 84.1 84.1 Limonene 0.0018 -1.5 74.9 Myosmin 0.0038 36.2 73.5 p-Cresol 0.0024 66.7 91.7 Hydroquinone 0.0006 56.5 72.9 15 In the presence of catalyst C2, the results obtained when added to reconstituted tobacco are remarkable, since the quantity Some compounds, whether gases or liquids, are reduced in proportions greater than 50%. Example 3: Tests performed on an active carbon The results obtained when testing with the C3 catalyst were the following:  5 Table 10. Percentage of catalyst, CO and TPM obtained by smoking tobacco under controlled conditions. Table 11. Reductions obtained in CO and TPM 10 In the presence of a catalyst, both in direct contact and added in the process of making reconstituted tobacco, significant reductions were observed in both types of contact. The values for some of the most relevant compounds found in the gaseous fraction of the mainstream of tobacco smoke are shown below. Table 12. Concentration of the compounds analyzed in the gases from the smoking of the reference tobacco and percentage of reduction with respect to said tobacco of the different cornposts analyzed in the gases coming from the smoking of the rest of the samples. 5 Toluene 0.0324 28.9 53.0 Benzene 0.117 35.5 34.0 Chloromethane 0.046 34.8 21.7 HCN 0.011 25.5 41.8 Acetaldehyde 0.54 48.1 55.6 VOC's 3.32 31.3 41.6 Nicotine in the presence of the C3 catalyst achieves a reduction of the order of 74% while when TR including this catalyst is used reduction is 78%. Table 10 shows some of the compounds selected in the extract of the traps and a behavior similar to that described for nicotine can be observed. 10 Tab / a 13. Concentration of the compounds analyzed in the TPM-T fraction from the smoking of the reference tobacco and percentage reduction with respect to said tobacco of the different cornposts analyzed in the smoking of the rest of the samples. Nicotine 0.65 73.8 78.5 Phenol 0.0016 94.9 92.3 Limonene 0.0018 94.8 84.0 Myosmine 0.0038 88.9 87.3 p-Cresol 0.0024 83.3 100 Hydroquinone 0.0006 70.6 100 15 In this case, for the different fractions generated, the catalyst behavior was very good in both types of sample. Figure 3 shows the chromatogram obtained, which shows the good behavior already mentioned.  5 Tables 2 to 13, and Figure 1, show that the catalysts used when added to the reconstituted tobacco provided a significant reduction in the amount of toxic compounds that appear in tobacco smoke. This reduction also contributed to a significant decrease in most of the compounds present in tobacco smoke, which entails a less negative effect, both in active and passive smokers, without causing appreciable changes in organoleptic properties and in the taste and consistency of tobacco.

Claims (1)

5 1. Mezcla que comprende tabaco reconstituido y/o tabaco expandido y al menos un catalizador seleccionado de entre: a) aluminosilicato tipo SAB-15, o sus formas acidas, sodicas, intercambiadas con Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr, sus Oxidos de Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr y mezclas de los 10 mismos, b) Na-MCM-41, Na-Fe-MCM-41, Na-Ce-MCM-41, Na-Zr-MCM-41, sus mezclas con Oxidos de Fe, Ce o Zr; y mezclas o c) carbones activados mesoporosos. 2. Mezcla segun la reivindicaciOn 1, donde la concentracion de catalizador respecto at 15 resto de material constituyente esta comprendida entre el 0,1-60% en peso. 3. Mezcla segun la reivindicaciOn 2, donde la concentracion de catalizador respecto at resto de material constituyente esta comprendida entre el 10-35% en peso. 4. Mezcla segOn la reivindicaciOn 1, donde la concentracion de catalizador respecto a la mezcla final de tabaco esta comprendida entre el 0,5-15% en peso. 20 5. Mezcla segun la reivindicacion 4, donde la concentraciOn de catalizador respecto a la mezcla final de tabaco esta comprendida entre 3-8% en peso. 6. Mezcla segt:m la reivindicaciOn 1, donde el espesor del tabaco reconstituido esta comprendido entre 10-500 micras. 7. Mezcla segun la reivindicacion 1, donde el tabaco reconstituido o expandido esta en 25 una proporci6n comprendida entre 1-99% en peso respecto a la mezcla final. 8. Procedimiento para la preparacion de tabaco reconstituido y/o tabaco expandido segt:in cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado por que comprende una etapa de inclusiOn de at menos un catalizador seleccionado de entre: a) aluminosilicato tipo SAB-15, o sus formas acidas, sodicas, intercambiadas con 30 Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr, sus Oxidos de Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr y mezclas de los mismos, b) Na-MCM-41, Na-Fe-MCM-41, Na-Ce-MCM-41, Na-Zr-MCM-41, sus mezclas con Oxidos de Fe, Ce o Zr; y mezclas, c) carbones activados mesoporosos. REIVINDICACIONES  5 1. Mixture comprising reconstituted tobacco and / or expanded tobacco and at least one catalyst selected from: a) SAB-15 aluminosilicate, or its acidic, sodium forms, exchanged with Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr , its Oxides of Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr and mixtures thereof, b) Na-MCM-41, Na-Fe-MCM-41, Na-Ce-MCM-41, Na-Zr- MCM-41, its mixtures with Oxides of Fe, Ce or Zr; and mixtures or c) mesoporous activated carbons. 2. Mixture according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst concentration with respect to the remaining constituent material is comprised between 0.1-60% by weight. 3. Mixture according to claim 2, wherein the catalyst concentration with respect to other constituent material is between 10-35% by weight. 4. Mixture according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst concentration with respect to the final tobacco mixture is between 0.5-15% by weight. The mixture according to claim 4, wherein the catalyst concentration with respect to the final tobacco mixture is between 3-8% by weight. 6. Mixture according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the reconstituted tobacco is between 10-500 microns. 7. Mixture according to claim 1, wherein the reconstituted or expanded tobacco is in a proportion comprised between 1-99% by weight with respect to the final mixture. Method for the preparation of reconstituted tobacco and / or expanded tobacco according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a step of including at least one catalyst selected from: a) SAB-15 aluminosilicate type, or its acidic, sodic forms, exchanged with 30 Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr, their Oxides of Fe, Na, K, Ca, Ce, Zr and mixtures thereof, b) Na-MCM-41, Na- Fe-MCM-41, Na-Ce-MCM-41, Na-Zr-MCM-41, their mixtures with Oxides of Fe, Ce or Zr; and mixtures, c) mesoporous activated carbons. CLAIMS
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