ES2539632B1 - Hydraulic system for generating electric power from wave energy - Google Patents
Hydraulic system for generating electric power from wave energy Download PDFInfo
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- ES2539632B1 ES2539632B1 ES201300526A ES201300526A ES2539632B1 ES 2539632 B1 ES2539632 B1 ES 2539632B1 ES 201300526 A ES201300526 A ES 201300526A ES 201300526 A ES201300526 A ES 201300526A ES 2539632 B1 ES2539632 B1 ES 2539632B1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
- F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
- F03B13/1845—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
- F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
- F03B13/1885—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is tied to the rem
- F03B13/189—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is tied to the rem acting directly on the piston of a pump
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
Abstract
Sistema hidráulico para, mediante el aprovechamiento de la energía procedente del movimiento de las olas (energía undimotriz), la generación de energía eléctrica, basado en la compresión y expansión de un fluido, que puede ser hidráulico o neumático, mediante un pistón accionado por el movimiento de las olas. Dicho fluido alimenta, a través de un inversor hidráulico, un motor hidráulico (o neumático) acoplado a un generador eléctrico. El sistema se ubica en el interior de una boya flotante, movida por la acción del oleaje. El movimiento del pistón se obtiene debido a la acción combinada del oleaje y un cable tirante (o similar) tensado por un peso muerto, y un resorte mecánico (o un sistema de acumulación hidráulico o neumático que cumpla la misma función) que garantiza la tensión en dicho cable. El sistema cuenta con una cámara cilíndrica secundaria, independiente de la del cilindro generador o bien formando parte de éste, para la compensación de la variación de la posición de la boya debido a los efectos de la marea.Hydraulic system for, through the use of energy from wave movement (wave energy), the generation of electrical energy, based on the compression and expansion of a fluid, which can be hydraulic or pneumatic, by means of a piston driven by the wave movement. Said fluid feeds, through a hydraulic inverter, a hydraulic (or pneumatic) motor coupled to an electric generator. The system is located inside a floating buoy, driven by the action of the waves. The movement of the piston is obtained due to the combined action of the waves and a tensioning cable (or similar) tensioned by a dead weight, and a mechanical spring (or a hydraulic or pneumatic accumulation system that fulfills the same function) that guarantees the tension on said cable. The system has a secondary cylindrical chamber, independent of that of the generator cylinder or as part of it, for compensation of the variation of the position of the buoy due to the effects of the tide.
Description
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DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION
Sistema hidraulico para generation electrica a partir de energla undimotriz.Hydraulic system for electric generation from wave energy.
Sector de la tecnica/Campo de aplicacion de la invencionTechnical sector / Field of application of the invention
El sistema recogido en la presente invencion tiene aplicacion dentro del sector tecnico de la industria dedicada a la investigation y desarrollo, fabrication y puesta en marcha de sistemas e instalaciones de production de energla electrica mediante el uso de fuentes de energla renovable.The system included in the present invention has application within the technical sector of the industry dedicated to the research and development, manufacture and commissioning of systems and installations for the production of electric energy through the use of renewable energy sources.
Objeto de la InvencionObject of the Invention
La presente invencion, tal y como expresa el enunciado de la presente memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un sistema de, generacion de energla electrica mediante el aprovechamiento de la energla procedente del movimiento de las olas (energla undimotriz).The present invention, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, refers to a system of generation of electric energy by harnessing the energy from the movement of waves (wave energy).
Mas en particular, el objeto de la presente invencion se centra en la definition de un sistema para conseguir la compresion de un fluido (hidraulico preferentemente, aunque tambien puede ser neumatico) mediante un cilindro-piston generador, accionado debido al movimiento de las olas (energla undimotriz), y su aprovechamiento para la generacion de energla electrica. El sistema cuenta ademas con un segundo cilindro compensador, o bien un espacio adicional que forma parte del cilindro generador, con el que se tiene compensa la variation del nivel medio del mar provocado por el efecto de las mareas.More particularly, the object of the present invention focuses on the definition of a system to achieve the compression of a fluid (preferably hydraulic, although it can also be pneumatic) by means of a generator-piston cylinder, driven due to the movement of the waves ( wave energy), and its use for the generation of electric energy. The system also has a second compensating cylinder, or an additional space that is part of the generating cylinder, with which the variation of the average sea level caused by the effect of the tides is compensated.
Antecedentes de la invencionBackground of the invention
En el sector energetico es cada vez mas frecuente la busqueda de sistemas de generacion electrica a partir de fuentes renovables de energla. En relation a la presente patente, la energla renovable de partida para la produccion de energla electrica, u otro tipo de energla util y aprovechable, es la debida al movimiento de las olas, o energla undimotriz. Esta energla se produce debido a las olas que se generan en la superficie de una masa de agua (oceanos, lagos, ...) debido a, sobre todo, la action de la fuerza del viento. Dichas olas pueden llegar a tener grandes dimensiones, tanto en el mar como en grandes lagos y este movimiento u oleaje se puede aprovechar para la generacion de energla util.In the energy sector, the search for electrical generation systems from renewable sources of energy is becoming increasingly frequent. In relation to the present patent, the starting renewable energy for the production of electric energy, or other useful and usable energy, is due to the movement of the waves, or wave energy. This energy is produced due to the waves that are generated on the surface of a body of water (oceans, lakes, ...) due to, above all, the action of the force of the wind. These waves can have large dimensions, both in the sea and in large lakes and this movement or waves can be used for the generation of useful energy.
En la actualidad, existen diversos sistemas o dispositivos de aprovechamiento de la energla de las olas. Muchos de estos sistemas se basan en la siguiente metodologla: conversion de la energla de las olas en el movimiento de un cuerpo o fluido mediante sistemas mecanicos, hidraulicos o neumaticos (conversion primaria) y una conversion de dicho movimiento del cuerpo o fluido en energla utilizable, generalmente energla electrica (conversion secundaria). Ademas, se conocen aparatos disenados para convertir la energla de las olas en trabajo mecanico, el cual puede ser utilizado para bombear un fluido que a su vez puede ser utilizado, por ejemplo, para generar electricidad.At present, there are various systems or devices for harnessing wave energy. Many of these systems are based on the following methodology: conversion of wave energy in the movement of a body or fluid through mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic systems (primary conversion) and a conversion of said movement of the body or fluid into usable energy , usually electric energy (secondary conversion). In addition, devices designed to convert wave energy into mechanical work are known, which can be used to pump a fluid that in turn can be used, for example, to generate electricity.
La patente ES-2-372-192-B1 comprende un conjunto de anclajes al lecho marino, junto con un mecanismo de bombeo y un mecanismo para accionar dicha bomba mediante un conjunto de boyas sometidas a la accion de las olas, y conectada al mecanismo deThe ES-2-372-192-B1 patent comprises a set of anchors to the seabed, together with a pumping mechanism and a mechanism for operating said pump by means of a set of buoys subjected to the action of the waves, and connected to the mechanism from
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accionamiento mediante una llnea de traccion flexible. Un mecanismo similar se describe en la soiicitud de patente internacionai WO-A-0070218.drive via a flexible traction line. A similar mechanism is described in the international patent application WO-A-0070218.
La patente WO 2012/025848 A1 describe un dispositivo para el aprovechamiento de la energla de las olas que comprende una carcasa envolvente, que se encuentra dividido en al menos dos camaras, una de aire y otra con orificios de entrada y salida de agua. La camara de aire dispone de un eje inferior unido a un cable fondeado, de forma que dicho eje gira cuando la carcasa envolvente del sistema asciende y desciende debido al movimiento de las olas, ya que dicha carcasa es estanca y actua a modo de boya o flotador. El giro obtenido en dicho eje, se trasmite aun eje secundario del que cuelga un peso de gran tonelaje. La energla potencial adquirida en la subida del contrapeso se aprovecha para la generation de energla electrica durante su bajada. En este dispositivo, la energla undimotriz se aprovecha para elevar un peso mediante un sistema de ejes y rodillos, pero no para accionar un mecanismo cilindro-piston como se describe en la presente Invention.WO 2012/025848 A1 discloses a device for harnessing wave energy that comprises an enclosure housing, which is divided into at least two chambers, one of air and the other with water inlet and outlet holes. The air chamber has a lower axis attached to a anchored cable, so that said axis rotates when the enclosure housing of the system ascends and descends due to the movement of the waves, since said casing is sealed and acts as a buoy or float. The rotation obtained in said axis is transmitted even to the secondary axis from which a large tonnage weight hangs. The potential energy acquired in the rise of the counterweight is used for the generation of electric energy during its descent. In this device, the wave energy is used to lift a weight by means of a system of shafts and rollers, but not to drive a cylinder-piston mechanism as described in the present Invention.
La patente ES-2-354-097-B1 se refiere a otro sistema de extraction de energla undimotriz mediante el movimiento angular de flotadores que se desplazan respecto de una estructura central gracias al movimiento de las olas. El movimiento angular relativo entre los petalos y la estructura central se transmite por medio de un acoplamiento mecanico a un sistema de generacion de energla electrica contenido en dicha estructura central. En el documento US 6.476.511 se da a conocer un aparato que flota libremente en la superficie del mar y esta anclado al fondo del mar. Dicho aparato consta de una pluralidad de miembros flotantes de cuerpo cillndrico conectado entre si en sus extremos para formar una estructura articulada similar a una cadena. Cada par de miembros cillndricos adyacentes estan conectados entre si por medio de un miembro de acoplamiento, que permite un movimiento rotacional relativo de los miembros cillndricos en torno a un eje transversal. Cada miembro de acoplamiento esta dotado de elementos, tales como un conjunto de pistones hidraulicos, que resisten y extraen energla del movimiento rotacional relativo de los miembros del cuerpo. En el documento US 4.453.894 se describe un aparato, tambien anclado al fondo, en el que el movimiento del flotador en la superficie del mar provoca el desplazamiento de un fluido hidraulico en un sistema hidraulico que comprende dispositivos que interconectan el o los flotadores de superficie y el miembro de referencia, extrayendo energla util del sistema hidraulico. En otros dispositivos, la energla de olas en movimiento es transmitida a los brazos soportados por una estructura de soporte que tiene uno o mas flotadores que las olas hacen que se muevan, tales como los recogidos en el documento US 4.013.382, o a un sistema mecanico de arboles que, por medio de un sistema de transmision mecanica, accionan uno o mas generadores electricos para la production de electricidad, como en el sistema del documento WO 01/9644. En el documento WO 89/07197 se da a conocer otro sistema que sigue la misma tecnica que la anterior.The patent ES-2-354-097-B1 refers to another system of extraction of wave energy by means of the angular movement of floats that move with respect to a central structure thanks to the movement of the waves. The relative angular movement between the petals and the central structure is transmitted by means of a mechanical coupling to an electric power generation system contained in said central structure. In US 6,476,511 an apparatus is disclosed that floats freely on the surface of the sea and is anchored at the bottom of the sea. Said apparatus consists of a plurality of floating members of cylindrical body connected to each other at their ends to form an articulated structure similar to a chain. Each pair of adjacent cylindrical members are connected to each other by means of a coupling member, which allows a relative rotational movement of the cylindrical members about a transverse axis. Each coupling member is provided with elements, such as a set of hydraulic pistons, that resist and extract energy from the relative rotational movement of the body members. In US 4,453,894 an apparatus is described, also anchored to the bottom, in which the movement of the float on the surface of the sea causes the displacement of a hydraulic fluid in a hydraulic system comprising devices that interconnect the float (s) of surface and reference member, extracting useful energy from the hydraulic system. In other devices, the energy of moving waves is transmitted to the arms supported by a support structure that has one or more floats that make the waves move, such as those set forth in US 4,013,382, or to a system tree mechanic that, by means of a mechanical transmission system, drives one or more electric generators for the production of electricity, as in the system of WO 01/9644. In WO 89/07197 another system is disclosed that follows the same technique as the previous one.
En cada una de estas invenciones descritas, se necesita la accion de diversos flotadores para accionar el sistema generador, a diferencia de lo descrito en esta invencion en el que la action de la propia carcasa del sistema, actuando a modo de boya flotante, junto con el peso muerto o lastre, acciona el mecanismo cilindro-piston, tal y como se describe en el presente documento.In each of these described inventions, the action of various floats is required to operate the generator system, unlike what is described in this invention in which the action of the system's own casing, acting as a floating buoy, together with dead weight or ballast, actuates the cylinder-piston mechanism, as described herein.
Segun se ha descrito, existen diversos sistemas de aprovechamiento de la energla undimotriz, cada uno con una definition concreta de transformation de la energla del oleaje en otro tipo de energla, habitualmente energla electrica. Sin embargo, en estaAs described, there are various systems for harnessing wave energy, each with a specific definition of transformation of wave energy into another type of energy, usually electric energy. However, in this
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invention se describe un sistema hidraulico de aprovechamiento de dicha energla con las caracterlsticas de funcionamiento descritas a continuation, la realization preferente de invencion y las reivindicaciones senaladas en el presente documento.The invention describes a hydraulic system for using said energy with the operating characteristics described below, the preferred embodiment of the invention and the claims set forth herein.
Explication de la InvencionExplanation of the Invention
El sistema que se describe en la presente invencion aprovecha la energla generada durante el movimiento de las olas (undimotriz) para la generation de energla electrica. Para ello, el sistema cuenta con una carcasa envolvente que actua como elemento estructural para el alojamiento de todos los dispositivos necesarios del sistema. Dicha carcasa envolvente esta parcialmente sumergida, actuando a modo de boya o flotador, que se desplaza por efecto del oleaje y las mareas.The system described in the present invention takes advantage of the energy generated during wave movement (wave) for the generation of electric energy. For this, the system has an enclosure that acts as a structural element for the accommodation of all the necessary devices of the system. Said enclosure is partially submerged, acting as a buoy or float, which is displaced by waves and tides.
La energla electrica se produce mediante un generador acoplado a un motor hidraulico. El motor hidraulico esta alimentado por un fluido hidraulico que se comprime previamente en un conjunto piston-cilindro generador. El movimiento del piston generador, aprovechando la energla de las olas (undimotriz) se produce segun se describe a continuacion:Electric power is produced by a generator coupled to a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor is powered by a hydraulic fluid that is previously compressed in a piston-cylinder generator set. The movement of the generator piston, taking advantage of the wave energy (wave) is produced as described below:
- el piston del cilindro generador esta unido a un peso muerto, mediante un cable tensionado (o similar) que le obliga a desplazarse descendentemente durante el movimiento ascendente de la carcasa producido por el oleaje.- the piston of the generator cylinder is connected to a dead weight, by means of a tensioned cable (or similar) that forces it to move downwards during the upward movement of the housing produced by the swell.
- durante el movimiento descendente de la carcasa, el piston del cilindro generador se desplaza ascendentemente gradas al efecto de un resorte preferentemente de tipo mecanico, que puede ser suplido por un sistema hidraulico o neumatico de acumulacion, asegurando ademas que el cable unido al peso muerto se mantiene tensionado. El sistema acumulador esta formado por al menos un deposito de acumulacion de fluido hidraulico a presion, que se comprime y expande alternativamente durante el del cilindro generador.- during the downward movement of the housing, the piston of the generator cylinder moves upwardly by the effect of a spring preferably of a mechanical type, which can be supplied by a hydraulic or pneumatic accumulation system, also ensuring that the cable attached to the dead weight It remains stressed. The accumulator system is formed by at least one reservoir of accumulation of hydraulic fluid under pressure, which is compressed and expanded alternately during that of the generating cylinder.
El sistema cuenta ademas con una segunda camara cillndrica para la compensation de las mareas (cilindro compensador). Esta segunda camara puede ser un conjunto cilindro- piston independiente del cilindro generador, o bien una camara supletoria incluida en el propio cilindro-piston generador. Este segundo espacio, bien independiente o integrado, permite un recorrido adicional del piston en el cilindro que es suficiente para compensar el desplazamiento vertical que toda la carcasa flotante, en la que esta ubicado todo el sistema generador, debido a la variation de la altura media del mar por efecto de la marea. De este modo, el sistema generador se acciona por efecto del oleaje, independientemente de la altura media del nivel del mar.The system also has a second cylindrical chamber for tidal compensation (compensating cylinder). This second chamber can be a cylinder-piston assembly independent of the generator cylinder, or an extra chamber included in the cylinder-piston generator itself. This second space, either independent or integrated, allows an additional travel of the piston in the cylinder that is sufficient to compensate for the vertical displacement of the entire floating housing, in which the entire generating system is located, due to the variation in the average height from the sea due to the effect of the tide. In this way, the generator system is activated by the effect of the waves, regardless of the average height of the sea level.
Description de los dibujosDescription of the drawings
En la Figura 1 se muestra el sistema generador en dos posiciones, para la position baja de la ola (figura de la izquierda) y para la posicion alta de la misma (figura de la derecha), y con los siguientes elementos y subsistemas enumerados a continuacion:Figure 1 shows the generator system in two positions, for the low position of the wave (figure on the left) and for the high position of the wave (figure on the right), and with the following elements and subsystems listed at continuation:
1 Carcasa envolvente1 Enclosure
2 Cilindro generador2 generator cylinder
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3 Piston generador3 Piston generator
4 Fluido (hidraulico o neumatico)4 Fluid (hydraulic or pneumatic)
5 Cable/cadena tirante5 Cable / Chain Strap
6 Peso muerto6 Deadweight
7 Camara estanca7 Waterproof camera
8 Rodillos gula8 Rollers gluttony
9 Resorte recuperador de tipo mecanico9 Mechanical type recovery spring
10 Enganche piston-cadena10 Piston-chain hitch
11 Gaza de acoplamiento cable-peso muerto11 Cable-Deadweight Coupling Strip
12 Motor (hidraulico o neumatico)12 Motor (hydraulic or pneumatic)
12b Inversor (hidraulico o neumatico)12b Inverter (hydraulic or pneumatic)
13 Generador electrico13 Electric generator
14 Volante de inercia14 Flywheel
15 Cable electrico15 Electric cable
16 Gulas cable16 Cable Gulas
17 Camara secundaria de compensacion de mareas Realizacion preferente de la invencion17 Secondary tidal compensation chamber Preferred embodiment of the invention
El sistema que se describe en la presente invencion aprovecha la energla generada durante el movimiento de las olas (undimotriz) para la generacion de energla electrica. Para ello, el sistema cuenta con una carcasa envolvente (1) que actua a modo de alojamiento de todos los dispositivos necesarios para dicha generacion electrica. Esta carcasa envolvente esta parcialmente sumergida, actuando a modo de boya o flotador, que se desplaza por efecto del oleaje y las mareas. La carcasa dispone de sistemas de acceso a su interior y sistemas de seguridad adecuado que permite a los operarios acceder de forma segura a los distintos subsistemas y dispositivos generadores ubicados en la misma. La carcasa es estructuralmente resistente para soportar el peso y los esfuerzos de los distintos dispositivos, y esta dividida en al menos dos espacios, uno denominado camara estanca (7), situada en la parte inferior y totalmente estanca, lleno de aire para permitir la flotabilidad de toda la carcasa, y otro superior, accesible por los operarios, donde se situan los distintos subsistemas para el aprovechamiento energetico de las olas.The system described in the present invention takes advantage of the energy generated during the movement of the waves (wave) for the generation of electric energy. For this, the system has an enclosure (1) that acts as a housing for all the necessary devices for said electrical generation. This enclosure is partially submerged, acting as a buoy or float, which is displaced by waves and tides. The housing has access systems inside and adequate security systems that allow operators to safely access the different subsystems and generating devices located therein. The housing is structurally resistant to support the weight and efforts of the different devices, and is divided into at least two spaces, one called a waterproof chamber (7), located at the bottom and completely waterproof, filled with air to allow buoyancy of all the housing, and another superior one, accessible by the operators, where the different subsystems for the energetic use of the waves are located.
En el espacio superior se ubica un cilindro generador (2) en cuyo interior se aloja un piston generador (3) y un fluido hidraulico (4).In the upper space there is a generator cylinder (2) inside which a generator piston (3) and a hydraulic fluid (4) are housed.
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El fluido, hidraulico preferentemente, aunque tambien puede ser neumatico, (4) se comprime y expande por efecto del movimiento del piston. El piston es actuado como se explica a continuation:The fluid, preferably hydraulic, although it can also be pneumatic, (4) is compressed and expanded by the effect of piston movement. The piston is acted as explained below:
- el vastago del piston esta unido mediante un enganche (10) a un cable o cadena (5) que se une a su vez, mediante un sistema de sujecion tipo gaza (11), a un peso muerto (6) fondeado en el lecho marino. El cable/cadena (5) sale del interior de la carcasa (1) desde el vastago del piston (3) hasta el peso muerto fondeado (6), a traves de un orificio cillndrico vertical estanco a lo argo el espacio inferior o camara estanca (7) de la carcasa (1). El cable esta guiado hacia el fondo del lecho marino, a traves de dicho orificio cillndrico, mediante un sistema mecanico de rodillos gula (8).- the piston rod is connected by means of a hook (10) to a cable or chain (5) which is connected, in turn, by means of a gauze-like fastening system (11), to a dead weight (6) anchored in the bed Marine. The cable / chain (5) exits from the inside of the housing (1) from the piston rod (3) to the anchored dead weight (6), through a vertical cylindrical orifice sealed to the lower space or sealed chamber (7) of the housing (1). The cable is guided towards the bottom of the seabed, through said cylindrical hole, by means of a mechanical glula roller system (8).
- el movimiento del oleaje, y las mareas, provoca movimientos ascendentes y descendentes de la carcasa (1) que actua a modo de flotador o boya.- the movement of the waves, and the tides, causes upward and downward movements of the housing (1) that acts as a float or buoy.
- durante el movimiento ascendente de la carcasa, el peso muerto (6) mantiene tensionado el cable o cadena (5) obligando al piston (3) a descender en el interior del cilindro generador (2) y comprimiendo un resorte (9) de tipo mecanico, preferentemente, o bien de otro tipo que cumpla la misma funcion (acumulador hidraulico o neumatico).- during the upward movement of the housing, the dead weight (6) keeps the cable or chain tensioned (5) forcing the piston (3) to descend inside the generator cylinder (2) and compressing a spring (9) of type mechanical, preferably, or of another type that fulfills the same function (hydraulic or pneumatic accumulator).
- durante el movimiento descendente de la carcasa, el piston (3) asciende en el interior del cilindro generador (2) por efecto del sistema recuperador (9) que ademas mantiene tensionado el cable o cadena (5) unido al peso muerto (6).- during the downward movement of the housing, the piston (3) rises inside the generator cylinder (2) as a result of the recovery system (9) which also keeps the cable or chain (5) attached to the dead weight (6) .
El fluido hidraulico (4) que se comprime por efecto del movimiento del piston (3) en el cilindro generador (2) alimenta un motor, hidraulico ,preferentemente, aunque tambien puede ser neumatico (12) a traves de unos conductos o latiguillos conectado. El motor hidraulico esta acoplado a un generador electrico (13) y a un volante de inercia (14). El fluido alimenta, antes del motor (12), a un inversor hidraulico o neumatico (12b), segun el fluido utilizado, para permitir el aprovechamiento energetico del sistema tanto en el ciclo de subida como de bajada de la ola. El inversor hidraulico (12b) esta constituido por un conjunto de valvulas y conductos que permiten el alimentar el motor (12) con fluido a presion tanto en el ciclo de subida como en el ciclo de bajada del sistema generador cilindro (2) - piston (3). El volante de inercia (14) cumple la funcion de estabilizar el regimen de giro del sistema para un mejor funcionamiento del generador electrico (13).The hydraulic fluid (4) that is compressed by the effect of the movement of the piston (3) in the generator cylinder (2) feeds a motor, hydraulic, preferably, although it can also be pneumatic (12) through connected conduits or hoses. The hydraulic motor is coupled to an electric generator (13) and a flywheel (14). The fluid feeds, before the engine (12), a hydraulic or pneumatic inverter (12b), according to the fluid used, to allow the energy use of the system both in the cycle of rising and falling of the wave. The hydraulic inverter (12b) is constituted by a set of valves and ducts that allow the engine (12) to be supplied with pressurized fluid both in the up and down cycle of the cylinder (2) - piston generator system (piston ( 3). The flywheel (14) fulfills the function of stabilizing the rotation regime of the system for a better operation of the electric generator (13).
La energla electrica producida en el generador (13) se distribuye a tierra a traves de un cable electrico (15). Dicho cable electrico (15) es guiado hasta el fondo marino mediante varios dispositivos mecanicos de enganche tipo argolla, denominadas gulas cable (16), unidas al cable/cadena (5) que soporta el peso muerto (6).The electric energy produced in the generator (13) is distributed to the ground through an electric cable (15). Said electric cable (15) is guided to the seabed by several mechanical hook-type hooking devices, called cable gulas (16), attached to the cable / chain (5) that supports the dead weight (6).
El peso muerto (5), ademas de ser el elemento actuador del piston generador, actua como peso de lastrado de la carcasa (1). La invention contempla la posibilidad de incluir mas pesos muertos con esta funcion de lastre.The deadweight (5), in addition to being the actuator element of the generator piston, acts as the ballast weight of the housing (1). The invention contemplates the possibility of including more dead weights with this ballast function.
El sistema cuenta ademas con una segunda camara cillndrica (17) para la compensation de las mareas. Esta, segunda camara puede ser un conjunto cilindro-piston independiente del cilindro compensador o bien una camara complementaria y supletoria del cilindro-piston generador. La funcion de esta segunda camara (17) es permitir el desplazamiento vertical de un segundo piston en serie con el cilindro-piston generador, o bien permitir un mayor recorrido adicional del propio piston generador. EsteThe system also has a second cylindrical chamber (17) for tidal compensation. This second chamber can be a cylinder-piston assembly independent of the compensating cylinder or a complementary and supplementary chamber of the generator-piston cylinder. The function of this second chamber (17) is to allow the vertical displacement of a second piston in series with the generator-piston cylinder, or to allow a greater additional travel of the generator piston itself. This
desplazamiento permite compensar los efectos de variacion de la altura del mar debido a los efectos de las mareas.displacement allows to compensate for the effects of sea height variation due to the effects of the tides.
Claims (6)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| ES201300526A ES2539632B1 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-03 | Hydraulic system for generating electric power from wave energy |
| PCT/ES2014/000091 WO2014195538A2 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-02 | Hydraulic system for generating electrical energy from wave power |
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| US11536241B2 (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2022-12-27 | Yanming Qu | Wave-activated power generator provided with rope-control hydraulic cylinder |
| CN115901174B (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-08-22 | 华南理工大学 | Floating body experimental platform capable of realizing multi-degree-of-freedom motion of floating body |
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| US4754157A (en) * | 1985-10-01 | 1988-06-28 | Windle Tom J | Float type wave energy extraction apparatus and method |
| SE508308C2 (en) * | 1996-04-29 | 1998-09-21 | Ips Interproject Service Ab | wave energy converters |
| US6291904B1 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2001-09-18 | Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. | Wave energy converter utilizing pressure differences |
| ES2148105B1 (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2001-04-16 | Rodriguez Jose Abel Perez | PLANT FOR THE USE OF MOTOR ENERGY OF THE SEA. |
| US8007252B2 (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2011-08-30 | Windle Tom J | Wave powered pumping apparatus |
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| WO2014195538A3 (en) | 2015-03-05 |
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