WO2014113899A1 - Improved ocean energy capture system - Google Patents

Improved ocean energy capture system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014113899A1
WO2014113899A1 PCT/CL2014/000002 CL2014000002W WO2014113899A1 WO 2014113899 A1 WO2014113899 A1 WO 2014113899A1 CL 2014000002 W CL2014000002 W CL 2014000002W WO 2014113899 A1 WO2014113899 A1 WO 2014113899A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
capture
horizontal
vertical
platform
wave energy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CL2014/000002
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Iván DIB ECHEVERRIA
Original Assignee
Dib Echeverria Iván
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dib Echeverria Iván filed Critical Dib Echeverria Iván
Publication of WO2014113899A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014113899A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1845—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem
    • F03B13/1855—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem where the connection between wom and conversion system takes tension and compression
    • F03B13/186—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem where the connection between wom and conversion system takes tension and compression the connection being of the rack-and-pinion type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1805—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem
    • F03B13/181—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation
    • F03B13/182—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation with a to-and-fro movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/20—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" wherein both members, i.e. wom and rem are movable relative to the sea bed or shore
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system to capture the energy of marine and / or lake waves in order to transform it into electrical energy in acceptable quantities, bypassing marine variations and movements, and with reasonable costs, taking advantage of the Archimedean principle and the second Newton's law thus completing the double effect.
  • the present invention provides improvements to the system described in the patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024, where said improvements focus on modifying the structure described in the aforementioned patent application to optimize the use of the described edge conditions in said application, optimize the energy capture of the system and improve its behavior based on its architecture and operation.
  • patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024 proposes a system that captures the energy of sea and / or lake waves achieving three sub objectives:
  • patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024 basically provides a mechanism that allows floats or buoys to move vertically and horizontally, to capture as much energy as possible from the waves.
  • Said mechanism is formed by a set of four vertical buoys that support the central structure, which is rectangular and has rails oriented parallel to the direction of the waves, on which a mobile bridge runs perpendicular to the direction of the waves.
  • the mobile bridge has at least one thrust tank, whose geometry has its greatest exposure on the face that contacts the water, these thrust ponds are encased in a structural cage that is part of said movable bridge. Wheels run in this cage that keep the position of the thrust ponds in relation to the water level, allowing them to rise or fall with the waves.
  • Each pusher tank has on its upper face one or more swords or double zipper, of vertical drive, that passes through the center of a vertical conversion box that is responsible for transmitting the vertical energy of the waves.
  • the mobile bridge has a horizontal sword or rack that passes through the center of a horizontal conversion box, which is responsible for transmitting the horizontal energy of the waves.
  • Document CL 1246-1993 discloses an energy generating set, which by means of the movement of sea waves achieves that end, basically consists of a rigid modulated structure that can be floating, non-floating or semi-floating and a set of tanks type drums, closed and floating, provided with wheels, geared in the rack of the columns of the structure in which the tanks are inserted through the center, with the passage of the waves there is a reciprocating movement in the opposite direction between the tank and the structure, this moves the sprockets which by means of axles, pinions, crowns, with or without ratchet move a steering wheel, a coupling system, a gearbox to finally move the rotor of an alternator or dynamo that It will generate electricity.
  • Document CL 0235-2009 describes a hydraulic device for the generation of electric energy based on the thrust, which allows to increase the output flow rate, being formed by a closed main tank containing inside another closed tank that is submerged and fixed at a foothold when the principal is full.
  • Document 1362-2005 discloses a hydraulic generator whose operation is generated by the use of the Archimedes principle and the force of gravity, extracting energy by means of a turbine by the movement of the fluid contained in said generator.
  • Document ES 2276613 describes a power generation unit by means of marine waves.
  • the object of the invention proposed in this document is the generation of electrical energy from sea waves.
  • An apparatus is disclosed that is fixed on the coast and that consists of a piece that when pushed by the waves slides on the rails that are inclined. The piece when climbing the rails rotates the generators by means of two transmission chains connected to two sprockets that transmit the rotation to the axes of said generators, producing electricity.
  • the wave retires the piece falls down the rails pushed by its weight, thus generating more electricity.
  • the piece is floating waiting for another wave.
  • An alternative to this device would be to replace the generators with a device placed inside the part that generates electricity when sliding along the rails.
  • EP 1384824 discloses a power generator that uses the energy of the oles which has as a component a momentum gyroscope, and which comprises a floating body, a momentum gyroscope supported by a floating body, and a generator electric connected to the cardan shaft of rotation through a gear to increase speed.
  • the invention described in this document is characterized by the rotating gimbal gimbal by the movement of the floating body, and the impulse of wave energy, all of which is connected to a power generator for power generation.
  • WO 03/066971 discloses a floating plant to be located in the ocean, which has a float cylinder, with a turbine and fixed section inlet cones in order to allow a fluid column to move up and down and drive a turbine.
  • the liquid column is forced to pass through the turbine, through two piston sections connected by piston rods.
  • the piston sections remain stationary near a pressure plate and in turn compress the liquid against both sides of the turbine, such as an axis of the float cylinder, which moves up and down by the movement of the wave in the surface of the ocean, through the buoyancy of the flotation chambers.
  • a suspension helps pull the turbine down.
  • high pressure fluid compression it is purged into a high hydraulic pressure system.
  • the low pressure fluid in the fluid is returned during the low pressure cycle.
  • the upper section of the piston is open to ventilation and can be vented outdoors. Turbine rotation is transmitted through from an axis to a gearbox and in a generation room.
  • the power plant is held in position by hydraulic control jets.
  • WO 01/92644 discloses a machine that captures the energy of those capable of using the rising force of the waves on a plurality of adjacent floats, in which the rising force on each float through a rocker, bearings and self-rotating means it is transferred to drive a drive shaft to transfer momentum to the drive shaft, which is characterized in that the bearings are enclosed between rocker tubes and the drive shaft and the bearings are displaced in the longitudinal direction of the drive shaft from the position normal with respect to the float.
  • none of the documents of the prior art provide a solution for capturing acceptable volumes of marine energy, which makes it possible to avoid all variations and marine movements that are not usable and that are of low level of investment and maintenance, providing a structure that allows floats to move vertically and horizontally, to capture as much energy as possible from the waves.
  • the present invention consists in providing an improved structure to the energy capture system defined in patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024, allowing to take better advantage of the edge conditions defined in said application by providing new structures and optimizing existing structures. These optimizations consist mainly of modifying the architecture of the system, so that it responds better to the waves, allowing to increase its energy capture capabilities.
  • the improved marine energy capture system provides new solutions to the problems addressed by patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024, which have been obtained after thoroughly analyzing the system's boundary conditions and the characteristics of the system described in said application.
  • Figure 1 shows a diagram of the movement of the waves to define the boundary conditions of the system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a scheme of the improvement introduced to the system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows in detail the components of the system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic of a system condition according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 shows a scheme of the system according to the present invention installed in series.
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the lift system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the lift system according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • the present invention relates to an improved system for capturing the energy of marine and / or lake waves and transforming it into electrical energy in acceptable quantities, bypassing marine variations and movements and with reasonable costs.
  • wave movement is a variant of wave motion, whose kinematic distribution is approximately represented by circles that form an inverted cone as illustrated in Figure 1. Then, for the purposes of the present invention, it is It is important to consider the following parameters:
  • h Depth of water measured from sea level at rest.
  • said at least one motor pond goes up and down, and using wheels on the bridge, said at least one pond approaches or moves away from the beach.
  • the system allows a better use of the movement vertical upward thrust of the motive tank (1) as well as the vertical downward movement of the weight of the same, using for this a central column (2) that passes through the center of the motive pond (1) allowing its addressing.
  • the central column (2) is connected to the supporting structure by means of a pivot (3) at a depth close to (t), which is the area where there is less kinematic wave movement.
  • the motive pond (1) by means of the movement of the waves, is now able to go up and down with its balanced thrust and weight, it can also oscillate from right to left depending on the horizontal vectors of the top of the wave.
  • Vertical and horizontal movements can be captured by mechanical means such as those described above based on the invention claimed in patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024, or alternatively by hydraulic means pumping oil in circuits whose logic of movement is the same as the proposal mechanically.
  • FIG 3 there is a system for the capture of energy from waves, with a motive pond (1) and a central column (2) that passes through the center of said motive pond (1) and is located articulated by means of a pivot (3) connected to the supporting structure.
  • Said central column (2) passes through a platform (4), defining the operating zone (5) that corresponds to the valid zone where the motive pond (1) will move through the vertical and horizontal movement produced by the waves and comprising the area between said platform (4) and the water level.
  • the upward and downward movement of the motor pond (1) is captured by a cylinder Hydraulic vertical capture (6) or mechanical rack located at the top of the platform (4) and then the central steering column (2), by means of a vertical piston (7) connected to the drive tank (1). Additionally, horizontal vectors are captured in horizontal capture hydraulic cylinders (8) or zippers placed horizontally just where the motive pond race (1) ends. Said horizontal capture hydraulic cylinders are directly connected to the vertical capture hydraulic cylinder (6) through connecting rods (9) that transmit the horizontal movement of said cylinder to a respective horizontal piston (10) located inside each capture cylinder horizontal (8).
  • each horizontal piston (10) is connected to one or more swords or double vertical and horizontally operated zips, respectively, a sword that passes through the center of a conversion box, whose function is to transform the movements ascending, descending and lateral in a single unidirectional rotary movement.
  • the search for the optimum diameter of the driving buoy is a function of the wavelength, the height they reach, the resistance of the materials, the weight of the driving buoy, the volume of water displaced etc.
  • the present invention proposes the arrangement of 3, 4, 5 or more small motor buoys in series, one behind the other, until the energy of the wave front is completely depleted as seen in Figure 5.
  • the structure can be supported by support buoys (11) near the waterline.
  • support buoys (11) near the waterline.
  • the support ponds it is better for the support ponds to be placed below the waterline in order to approach the design of a ship.
  • Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention, where the structure is supported by motor support buoys (12) connected by an axis to the supporting structure, allowing them to roll on said axis, so that the complete structure can be launched into the water without resorting to cranes or jibs, and only by pushing it on an inclined plane, so it is possible to make a more economical launch into the water.
  • motor support buoys (12) connected by an axis to the supporting structure, allowing them to roll on said axis, so that the complete structure can be launched into the water without resorting to cranes or jibs, and only by pushing it on an inclined plane, so it is possible to make a more economical launch into the water.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanism for capturing energy from waves, formed by a platform (4) that supports at least one flotation means comprising at least one driving tank (1), in which one or more driving tanks (1) are enclosed in a structural cage. In addition, a central column (2) extends through the centre of the driving tank (1) and is hinged by means of a pivot (3) connected to a supporting structure, said central column (2) also extending through the platform (4), defining an operating zone (5) that comprises the space between the platform (4) and the level of the water. The mechanism also comprises a vertical capture hydraulic cylinder (6) or mechanical rack housed in the upper part of the platform (4) and, further along the central orientating column, a vertical plunger (7) connected to the driving tank (1). The mechanism further comprises horizontal capture hydraulic cylinders (8) or racks housed horizontally at the end-of-stroke of the driving tank (1). The horizontal capture hydraulic cylinders (8) are connected directly to the vertical capture hydraulic cylinder (6) by rods (9) that transmit the horizontal movement of the cylinder to an associated horizontal plunger (9) housed inside each horizontal capture cylinder (8).

Description

SISTEMA MEJORADO PARA CAPTURAR LA ENERGIA DEL MAR  IMPROVED SYSTEM TO CAPTURE THE ENERGY OF THE SEA
MEMORIA DESCRIPTVA CAMPO TECNICO DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a un sistema para capturar la energía del oleaje marino y/o lacustre de manera de transformarla en energía eléctrica en cantidades aceptables, soslayando las variaciones y movimientos marinos, y con costos razonables, aprovechando el principio de Arquímides y la segunda ley de Newton completando así el doble efecto.  The present invention relates to a system to capture the energy of marine and / or lake waves in order to transform it into electrical energy in acceptable quantities, bypassing marine variations and movements, and with reasonable costs, taking advantage of the Archimedean principle and the second Newton's law thus completing the double effect.
Para lo anterior, la presente invención provee mejoras al sistema descrito en la solicitud de patente PCT/CL2011/000024, donde dichas mejoras se centran en modificar la estructura descrita en la solicitud de patente antes mencionada para optimizar el aprovechamiento de las condiciones de borde descritas en dicha solicitud, optimizar la captura de energía del sistema y mejorar el comportamiento de este en base a su arquitectura y operación. For the foregoing, the present invention provides improvements to the system described in the patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024, where said improvements focus on modifying the structure described in the aforementioned patent application to optimize the use of the described edge conditions in said application, optimize the energy capture of the system and improve its behavior based on its architecture and operation.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Es sabido que el desplazamiento y la presión de las aguas dulces que viajan de cordillera a mar, por años, ha constituido una de las principales fuentes energéticas usadas por el hombre, ya que por su potencia y limpieza, no tienen sistema que les compita. Básicamente todo lo que existe son sistemas de canalización o entubamiento de aguas que mueven álabes de turbinas, y la rotación de estas se convierte finalmente en energía eléctrica. Estas aguas dulces constituyen poco más del 1% de las aguas disponibles en el planeta.  It is known that the displacement and pressure of fresh water that travels from the mountains to the sea, for years, has been one of the main energy sources used by man, because of its power and cleanliness, they have no system to compete with. Basically, all that exists is channeling or tubing systems that move turbine blades, and the rotation of these is finally converted into electrical energy. These fresh waters constitute just over 1% of the available waters on the planet.
El mar por su inmensidad y movimiento de aguas, constituye una apreciable fuente energética no explotada comercialmente con éxito hasta la fecha, por cuanto se trata de aguas que no pueden caer más del nivel de donde están y todos sus movimientos a pesar de su hermosura, son muy difíciles de encasillar dentro de una lógica mecánica. Estas aguas saladas constituyen algo cercano al 97% del total de agua en el planeta. The sea, due to its immensity and movement of water, constitutes an appreciable energy source that has not been commercially exploited successfully to date, since it is a question of waters that cannot fall beyond the level of where they are and all their movements despite their beauty, they are very difficult to typecast within a mechanical logic. These salt waters constitute something close to 97% of the total water on the planet.
A pesar que se han venido intentando con bastante fuerza diversos sistemas de captura energética, las mareas, los vientos, y las corrientes marinas han dificultado cualquier sistema de captación energética rentable hasta la fecha, relegando para este siglo, la posibilidad de hacerlo comercialmente.  Despite the fact that various energy capture systems, tides, winds, and sea currents have been tried quite strongly, they have hindered any profitable energy collection system to date, relegating for this century, the possibility of doing it commercially.
De esta forma, la solicitud de patente PCT/CL2011/000024 propone un sistema que captura la energía del oleaje marino y/o lacustre logrando tres sub objetivos:  In this way, patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024 proposes a system that captures the energy of sea and / or lake waves achieving three sub objectives:
a) Permitir la captura energética en volúmenes aceptables. a) Allow energy capture in acceptable volumes.
b) Soslayar todas las variaciones y movimientos marinos no aprovechables. b) Avoid all variations and marine movements that cannot be used.
c) Proveer un bajo nivel de inversión y de mantención, favorablemente comparables con las nuevas tecnologías en captura energética. c) Provide a low level of investment and maintenance, favorably comparable with the new technologies in energy capture.
Para lo anterior, la solicitud de patente PCT/CL2011/000024 básicamente provee un mecanismo que permite a unos flotadores o boyas moverse de manera vertical y horizontal, para capturar la mayor cantidad de energía posible desde las olas. Dicho mecanismo se encuentra conformado por un conjunto de cuatro boyas verticales que soportan la estructura central, la cual es rectangular y posee rieles orientados paralelos al sentido del oleaje, sobre los cuales corre un puente móvil perpendicularmente al sentido del oleaje. El puente móvil posee al menos un estanque de empuje, cuya geometría presenta su mayor exposición en la cara que se contacta con el agua, estos estanques de empuje están encajonados en una jaula estructural que es parte de dicho puente móvil. En esta jaula corren ruedas que mantienen fija la posición de los estanques de empuje en relación al nivel del agua, permitiéndoles subir o bajar con el oleaje. Las ruedas del puente móvil permiten un corto desplazamiento sobre la estructura central, en dirección a la playa. Cada estanque de empuje tiene en su cara superior una o más espadas o cremallera doble, de accionamiento vertical, que pasa por el centro de una caja de conversión vertical que se encarga de transmitirá la energía vertical del oleaje. De la misma manera, el puente móvil posee una espada o cremallera horizontal que pasa por el centro de una caja de conversión horizontal, que se encarga de transmitir la energía horizontal del oleaje. For the above, patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024 basically provides a mechanism that allows floats or buoys to move vertically and horizontally, to capture as much energy as possible from the waves. Said mechanism is formed by a set of four vertical buoys that support the central structure, which is rectangular and has rails oriented parallel to the direction of the waves, on which a mobile bridge runs perpendicular to the direction of the waves. The mobile bridge has at least one thrust tank, whose geometry has its greatest exposure on the face that contacts the water, these thrust ponds are encased in a structural cage that is part of said movable bridge. Wheels run in this cage that keep the position of the thrust ponds in relation to the water level, allowing them to rise or fall with the waves. The wheels of the mobile bridge allow a short movement over the central structure, in the direction of the beach. Each pusher tank has on its upper face one or more swords or double zipper, of vertical drive, that passes through the center of a vertical conversion box that is responsible for transmitting the vertical energy of the waves. In the same way, the mobile bridge has a horizontal sword or rack that passes through the center of a horizontal conversion box, which is responsible for transmitting the horizontal energy of the waves.
Existen varios documentos de patentes, que entregan una solución para lograr la obtener energía desde el mar.  There are several patent documents, which provide a solution to obtain energy from the sea.
El documento CL 1246-1993, divulga un conjunto generador de energía, que por medio del movimiento de las olas marinas consigue ese fin, consiste básicamente en una estructura rígida modulada que puede ser flotante, no flotante o semi-flotante y un conjunto de tanques tipo tambores, cerrados y flotantes, provisto de ruedas, engranadas en las cremalleras de las columnas de la estructura en la que están inseridos por el centro los tanques, con el paso de las olas se produce un movimiento de vaivén en sentido opuesto entre el tanque y la estructura, esto mueve las ruedas dentadas las cuales por medio de ejes, piñones, coronas, con o sin trinquete mueven un volante, un sistema de acoplamiento, una caja de cambio de velocidades para finalmente mover el rotor de un alternador o dinamo que generara energía eléctrica.  Document CL 1246-1993, discloses an energy generating set, which by means of the movement of sea waves achieves that end, basically consists of a rigid modulated structure that can be floating, non-floating or semi-floating and a set of tanks type drums, closed and floating, provided with wheels, geared in the rack of the columns of the structure in which the tanks are inserted through the center, with the passage of the waves there is a reciprocating movement in the opposite direction between the tank and the structure, this moves the sprockets which by means of axles, pinions, crowns, with or without ratchet move a steering wheel, a coupling system, a gearbox to finally move the rotor of an alternator or dynamo that It will generate electricity.
El documento CL 0235-2009 describe un dispositivo hidráulico para la generación de energía eléctrica basado en el empuje, que permite aumentar la velocidad de flujo de salida, estando formado por un estanque principal cerrado que contiene en su interior otro estanque cerrado que se encuentra sumergido y fijo en un punto de apoyo cuando el principal está lleno. Document CL 0235-2009 describes a hydraulic device for the generation of electric energy based on the thrust, which allows to increase the output flow rate, being formed by a closed main tank containing inside another closed tank that is submerged and fixed at a foothold when the principal is full.
El documento 1362-2005 divulga un generador hidráulico cuyo funcionamiento se genera por la utilización del principio de Arquímedes y la fuerza de gravedad, extrayendo energía mediante una turbina por el movimiento del fluido contenido en dicho generador. Document 1362-2005 discloses a hydraulic generator whose operation is generated by the use of the Archimedes principle and the force of gravity, extracting energy by means of a turbine by the movement of the fluid contained in said generator.
El documento ES 2276613 describe una unidad de generación eléctrica por medio de olas- marinas. El objeto de la invención propuesta en este documento, es la generación de energía eléctrica a partir de olas marinas. Se divulga un aparato que se fija en la costa y que consta de una pieza que al ser empujada por las olas se desliza sobre los raíles que están inclinados. La pieza al subir por los raíles hace girar los generadores por medio de dos cadenas de transmisión conectadas a dos ruedas dentadas que transmiten la rotación a los ejes de dichos generadores, produciendo electricidad. Al retirarse la ola, la pieza cae por los raíles empujada por su peso, generando así más electricidad. Al llegar a la superficie marítima la pieza queda flotando esperando otra ola. Una alternativa a este aparato sería sustituir los generadores por un dispositivo colocado en el interior de la pieza que genere electricidad al deslizarse por los raíles. El documento EP 1384824 divulga un generador de potencia que utiliza la energía de las oles que tiene como un componente un giroscopio de control de momento, y que comprende un cuerpo flotante, un giroscopio de control de momento soportado por un cuerpo flotante, y un generador eléctrico conectado al eje cardán de giro a través de un engranaje para aumentar la velocidad. El invento descrito en este documento se caracteriza por el cardán del giroscopio en rotación por el movimiento del cuerpo flotante, y por el impulso de la energía de las olas, estando todo ello conectado a un generador de energía para la generación de energía. Document ES 2276613 describes a power generation unit by means of marine waves. The object of the invention proposed in this document is the generation of electrical energy from sea waves. An apparatus is disclosed that is fixed on the coast and that consists of a piece that when pushed by the waves slides on the rails that are inclined. The piece when climbing the rails rotates the generators by means of two transmission chains connected to two sprockets that transmit the rotation to the axes of said generators, producing electricity. When the wave retires, the piece falls down the rails pushed by its weight, thus generating more electricity. Upon reaching the sea surface the piece is floating waiting for another wave. An alternative to this device would be to replace the generators with a device placed inside the part that generates electricity when sliding along the rails. EP 1384824 discloses a power generator that uses the energy of the oles which has as a component a momentum gyroscope, and which comprises a floating body, a momentum gyroscope supported by a floating body, and a generator electric connected to the cardan shaft of rotation through a gear to increase speed. The invention described in this document is characterized by the rotating gimbal gimbal by the movement of the floating body, and the impulse of wave energy, all of which is connected to a power generator for power generation.
El documento WO 03/066971 divulga un planta flotante para ser ubicada en el océano, la cual cuenta con cilindro de flotación, con una turbina y conos de entrada de sección fija con el objeto de permitir que una columna de fluido se mueven arriba y abajo y accione una turbina. La columna de líquido es forzada para pasar a través de la turbina, por dos secciones de pistón conectados por barras de pistón. Las secciones de pistón se mantienen estacionarias cerca de una placa de presión y alternadamente comprimen el líquido en contra de ambos lados de la turbina, como un eje del cilindro de flotación, que se mueve hacia arriba y hacia abajo por el movimiento de la ola en la superficie del océano, a través de la flotabilidad de las cámaras de flotación. Una suspensión ayuda a tirar la turbina en dirección hacia abajo. Durante la compresión del fluido a alta presión, éste es purgado a un sistema de alta presión hidráulica. El fluido de baja presión del fluido se devuelve durante el ciclo de baja presión. La sección superior del pistón está abierta a la ventilación y pueden ser ventilados al aire libre. La rotación de la turbina se transmite a través de un eje a una caja de cambios y en una sala de generación. La planta de energía se mantiene en la posición por chorros de control hidráulico. WO 03/066971 discloses a floating plant to be located in the ocean, which has a float cylinder, with a turbine and fixed section inlet cones in order to allow a fluid column to move up and down and drive a turbine. The liquid column is forced to pass through the turbine, through two piston sections connected by piston rods. The piston sections remain stationary near a pressure plate and in turn compress the liquid against both sides of the turbine, such as an axis of the float cylinder, which moves up and down by the movement of the wave in the surface of the ocean, through the buoyancy of the flotation chambers. A suspension helps pull the turbine down. During high pressure fluid compression, it is purged into a high hydraulic pressure system. The low pressure fluid in the fluid is returned during the low pressure cycle. The upper section of the piston is open to ventilation and can be vented outdoors. Turbine rotation is transmitted through from an axis to a gearbox and in a generation room. The power plant is held in position by hydraulic control jets.
El documento WO 01/92644 divulga una máquina que captura la energía de las capaz de utilizar la fuerza ascendente de las olas sobre una pluralidad de flotadores adyacentes, en la que la fuerza ascendente sobre cada flotadora través de un balancín, cojinetes y medios de autorrotación se transfiere para impulsar un eje de impulsión para transferir el momento al eje de impulsión, que se caracteriza porque los cojinetes están encerrados entre tubos de balancín y el eje de impulsión y los cojinetes están desplazados en la dirección longitudinal del eje de impulsión desde la posición normal con respecto al flotador.  WO 01/92644 discloses a machine that captures the energy of those capable of using the rising force of the waves on a plurality of adjacent floats, in which the rising force on each float through a rocker, bearings and self-rotating means it is transferred to drive a drive shaft to transfer momentum to the drive shaft, which is characterized in that the bearings are enclosed between rocker tubes and the drive shaft and the bearings are displaced in the longitudinal direction of the drive shaft from the position normal with respect to the float.
En general, ninguno de los documentos del arte previo, entrega una solución de captura de volúmenes aceptables de energía marina, que permita soslayar todas las variaciones y movimientos marinos, no aprovechables y que sea de bajo nivel de inversión y de mantención, proveyendo de una estructura que permita a los flotadores moverse de manera vertical y horizontal, para capturar la mayor cantidad de energía posible desde las olas. In general, none of the documents of the prior art provide a solution for capturing acceptable volumes of marine energy, which makes it possible to avoid all variations and marine movements that are not usable and that are of low level of investment and maintenance, providing a structure that allows floats to move vertically and horizontally, to capture as much energy as possible from the waves.
RESEÑA DE LA INVENCION SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención consiste en proveer una estructura mejorada al sistema de captura energética definido en la solicitud de patente PCT/CL2011/000024, permitiendo aprovechar de mejor manera las condiciones de borde definidas en dicha solicitud al proveer nuevas estructuras y al optimizar las estructuras existentes. Dichas optimizaciones consisten principalmente en modificar la arquitectura del sistema, de manera que este responda de mejor manera al oleaje, permitiendo aumentar sus capacidades de captura energética.  The present invention consists in providing an improved structure to the energy capture system defined in patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024, allowing to take better advantage of the edge conditions defined in said application by providing new structures and optimizing existing structures. These optimizations consist mainly of modifying the architecture of the system, so that it responds better to the waves, allowing to increase its energy capture capabilities.
En este contexto, el sistema mejorado de captura de energía marítima provee nuevas soluciones a los problemas abordados por la solicitud de patente PCT/CL2011/000024, las cuales han sido obtenidas luego de analizar a fondo las condiciones de borde del sistema y las características del sistema descrito en dicha solicitud. In this context, the improved marine energy capture system provides new solutions to the problems addressed by patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024, which have been obtained after thoroughly analyzing the system's boundary conditions and the characteristics of the system described in said application.
BREVE DESCRIPCION DE LOS DIBUJOS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Los dibujos que se adjuntan, sirven para proporcionar una mayor compresión de la invención y representan esquemáticamente las ejecuciones del invento, en donde:  The accompanying drawings serve to provide greater understanding of the invention and schematically represent the embodiments of the invention, wherein:
La figura 1 muestra un esquema del movimiento de las olas para definir las condiciones de borde del sistema de acuerdo a la presente invención.  Figure 1 shows a diagram of the movement of the waves to define the boundary conditions of the system according to the present invention.
La figura 2 muestra un esquema de la mejora introducida al sistema de acuerdo a la presente invención.  Figure 2 shows a scheme of the improvement introduced to the system according to the present invention.
La figura 3 muestra en detalle los componentes del sistema de acuerdo a la presente invención.  Figure 3 shows in detail the components of the system according to the present invention.
La figura 4 muestra un esquema de una condición del sistema de acuerdo a la presente invención.  Figure 4 shows a schematic of a system condition according to the present invention.
La figura 5 muestra un esquema del sistema de acuerdo a la presente invención instalado en serie.  Figure 5 shows a scheme of the system according to the present invention installed in series.
- La figura 6 muestra una modalidad del sistema de sustentación de acuerdo a la presente invención. - Figure 6 shows an embodiment of the lift system according to the present invention.
La figura 7 muestra otra modalidad del sistema de sustentación acuerdo a la presente invención. DESCRIPCION DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN  Figure 7 shows another embodiment of the lift system according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a un sistema mejorado para capturar la energía del oleaje marino y/o lacustre y transformarla en energía eléctrica en cantidades aceptables, soslayando las variaciones y movimientos marinos y con costos razonables.  The present invention relates to an improved system for capturing the energy of marine and / or lake waves and transforming it into electrical energy in acceptable quantities, bypassing marine variations and movements and with reasonable costs.
Para definir el sistema de la presente invención es necesario hacer referencia a las condiciones de borde que son aplicadas al sistema físico invención-oleaje. Capturar la energía de las olas en forma total es muy difícil o prácticamente imposible, razón por la cual se ha tratado de circunscribir en esta proposición, un mecanismo que a pesar de tomar solo parcialmente estas energías, todavía son lo suficientemente grandes como para autosustentarse en términos económicos, sin entorpecer el curso natural del oleaje y sin proveer algún tipo de contaminación, ya sea medio ambiental, acústica u otro tipo de contaminación derivada del uso del sistema. In order to define the system of the present invention it is necessary to refer to the edge conditions that are applied to the physical invention-wave system. Capturing the energy of the waves in total is very difficult or practically impossible, which is why we have tried to circumscribe in this proposition, a mechanism that despite taking only partially these energies, is still large enough to sustain itself in economic terms, without hindering the natural course of the waves and without providing any kind of pollution, be it environmental, acoustic or other pollution derived from the use of the system.
En este contexto, para proveer un sistema que permita optimizar la captura energética es necesario poner atención a las distintas condiciones de borde bajo las cuales operan los sistemas de captura de energía marítima.  In this context, to provide a system that optimizes energy capture, it is necessary to pay attention to the different edge conditions under which maritime energy capture systems operate.
Tal como se sabe, el movimiento de las olas es una variante de movimiento ondulatorio, cuya distribución cinemática esta aproximadamente representada por círculos que forman un cono invertido tal como se ilustra en la figura 1. Luego, para los efectos de la presente invención, es importante tener en consideración los siguientes parámetros:  As is known, wave movement is a variant of wave motion, whose kinematic distribution is approximately represented by circles that form an inverted cone as illustrated in Figure 1. Then, for the purposes of the present invention, it is It is important to consider the following parameters:
1) H = Altura del oleaje.  1) H = Wave height.
2) t = Profundidad hasta donde hay movimientos circulares.  2) t = Depth to where there are circular movements.
3) λ = longitud de la onda.  3) λ = wavelength.
4) h = Profundidad de la agua medida desde el nivel del mar en reposo.  4) h = Depth of water measured from sea level at rest.
5) r = Radio del movimiento circulatorio de una partícula de agua a distintas profundidades. 5) r = Radius of the circulatory movement of a water particle at different depths.
6) ro = Mismo radio cuando se mide a nivel del agua en reposo. 6) r o = Same radius when measured at water level at rest.
Donde los radios de los círculos decrecen exponencialmente con la ecuación. Where the radii of the circles decrease exponentially with the equation.
-2n ■ h -2n ■ h
En la solución propuesta por la solicitud de patente PCT/CL2011/000024, se consigue aprovechar tanto los vectores verticales como horizontales por medio de un desplazamiento rectilíneo. Para lograr lo anterior, dicha solicitud de patente propuso un mecanismo donde 4 boyas verticales que tienen cuatro bases de soporte sustentan una estructura rectangular. Donde dicha estructura rectangular posee rieles orientados paralelos al sentido del oleaje, en donde corre un puente carro porta estanques perpendicularmente al sentido del oleaje. De este puente móvil al menos un estanque motriz, cuya forma es de caras paralelas planas, presenta su mayor exposición posible en la cara que se contacta con el agua. In the solution proposed by patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024, it is possible to take advantage of both vertical and horizontal vectors by means of a displacement rectilinear. To achieve the above, said patent application proposed a mechanism where 4 vertical buoys that have four support bases support a rectangular structure. Where said rectangular structure has rails oriented parallel to the direction of the swell, where a tank carriage bridge runs perpendicular to the direction of the swell. From this mobile bridge, at least one driving pond, whose shape is flat parallel faces, has its greatest possible exposure on the face that contacts the water.
Encajonando los estanques motrices se levanta una jaula estructural por donde corren ruedas que mantienen fija la posición del estanque en relación al nivel del agua, pero a la vez le permiten a éste, subir o bajar con el oleaje.  Encasing the motor ponds a structural cage rises where wheels run that keep the position of the pond fixed in relation to the water level, but at the same time allow it to rise or fall with the swell.
Usando ruedas en la jaula, dicho al menos un estanque motriz sube y baja, y usando ruedas en el puente, dicho al menos un estanque se acerca o aleja de la playa. Using wheels in the cage, said at least one motor pond goes up and down, and using wheels on the bridge, said at least one pond approaches or moves away from the beach.
Estando antes o después de la rompiente, habiendo marea alta o baja, corrientes desde la playa hacia el interior, o al revés, con mayor o menor oleaje el estanque motriz tiene todos los movimientos en las dos dimensiones donde existe movimiento pendular.  Being before or after the break, having high or low tide, currents from the beach inland, or vice versa, with greater or lesser swell the motive pond has all the movements in the two dimensions where there is pendulum movement.
La función de estas boyas sumadas es dar estabilidad a la estructura soportante y por tanto, su distanciamiento no tiene que superar la mitad de la longitud de la onda de la ola, y su peso y empuje conjunto deben exceder el empuje y peso máximo de los estanques motrices que están en el interior, sea el movimiento en uno u otro sentido. The function of these added buoys is to give stability to the supporting structure and therefore, their distance does not have to exceed half the wavelength of the wave, and their weight and joint thrust must exceed the maximum thrust and weight of the motor ponds that are inside, be it movement in one way or another.
Para evitar el atascamiento en un solo costado, en caso de aparecer pequeñas corrientes o mareas persistentes, se instalan resortes amortiguadores repulsores que alejan el carro de las orillas, obligando al sistema a entrar en ciclos oscilatorios (efecto flipper).  To avoid clogging on one side, if small currents or persistent tides appear, repulsive damping springs are installed that move the car away from the banks, forcing the system to enter oscillatory cycles (flipper effect).
Los inventores del sistema reivindicado en la solicitud de patente PCT/CL201 1/000024, descubrieron que llevando a cabo un análisis más avanzado de las condiciones de borde, era posible mejorar los resultados para obtener un sistema mas eficiente.  The inventors of the system claimed in patent application PCT / CL201 1/000024, discovered that by conducting a more advanced analysis of the edge conditions, it was possible to improve the results to obtain a more efficient system.
Así de acuerdo a la figura 2, el sistema permite aprovechar de una mejor manera el movimiento vertical ascendente de empuje del estanque motriz (1) así como el movimiento vertical descendente del peso del mismo, utilizando para ello una columna central (2) que pasa por el centro del estanque motriz (1) permitiendo su direccionamiento. Thus, according to figure 2, the system allows a better use of the movement vertical upward thrust of the motive tank (1) as well as the vertical downward movement of the weight of the same, using for this a central column (2) that passes through the center of the motive pond (1) allowing its addressing.
La columna central (2) se conecta con la estructura soportante por medio de un pivote (3) a una profundidad cercana a (t), que es la zona donde hay menos movimiento cinemático de oleaje.  The central column (2) is connected to the supporting structure by means of a pivot (3) at a depth close to (t), which is the area where there is less kinematic wave movement.
De esta manera los vectores horizontales ascendentes y descendentes de la ola se aprovechan radialmente, y el estanque motriz (1) no solo tiene más estabilidad, sino que además trabaja sólo en zonas donde está el movimiento y la energía, por lo tanto la eficiencia del sistema se ve significativamente aumentada.  In this way the ascending and descending horizontal vectors of the wave are taken advantage of radially, and the motive pond (1) not only has more stability, but also works only in areas where there is movement and energy, therefore the efficiency of the system looks significantly increased.
Con las mejoras introducidas al sistema, el estanque motriz (1) por medio del movimiento de las olas, ahora es capaz de subir y bajar con su empuje y peso equilibrados, además puede oscilar de derecha a izquierda en función de los vectores horizontales de la parte superior de la ola.  With the improvements introduced to the system, the motive pond (1) by means of the movement of the waves, is now able to go up and down with its balanced thrust and weight, it can also oscillate from right to left depending on the horizontal vectors of the top of the wave.
Los movimientos verticales y horizontales pueden ser capturados por medios mecánicos como los descritos anteriormente en base a la invención reivindicada en la solicitud de patentes PCT/CL2011/000024, o alternativamente por medios hidráulicos bombeando aceite en circuitos cuya lógica de movimiento, es la misma que la propuesta mecánicamente. Vertical and horizontal movements can be captured by mechanical means such as those described above based on the invention claimed in patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024, or alternatively by hydraulic means pumping oil in circuits whose logic of movement is the same as the proposal mechanically.
De acuerdo a la figura 3, se tiene un sistema para la captura de energía de las olas, con un estanque motriz (1) y una columna central (2) que pasa por el centro de dicho estanque motriz (1) y que se encuentra articulada por medio de un pivote (3) conectado a la estructura soportante. Dicha columna central (2) pasa a través de una plataforma (4), definiéndose la zona de operación (5) que corresponde a la zona válida en donde se desplazará el estanque motriz (1) por medio del movimiento vertical y horizontal producido por las olas y que comprende la zona entre dicha plataforma (4) y el nivel del agua.  According to figure 3, there is a system for the capture of energy from waves, with a motive pond (1) and a central column (2) that passes through the center of said motive pond (1) and is located articulated by means of a pivot (3) connected to the supporting structure. Said central column (2) passes through a platform (4), defining the operating zone (5) that corresponds to the valid zone where the motive pond (1) will move through the vertical and horizontal movement produced by the waves and comprising the area between said platform (4) and the water level.
El movimiento ascendente y descendente del estanque motriz (1) es capturado por un cilindro hidráulico de captura vertical (6) o cremallera mecánica ubicada en la parte superior de la plataforma (4) y a continuación de la columna central (2) de direccionamiento, por medio de un émbolo vertical (7) conectado al estanque motriz (1). Adicionalmente, los vectores horizontales se capturan en cilindros hidráulicos de captura horizontal (8) o cremalleras colocadas horizontalmente justo donde termina la carrera del estanque motriz (1). Dichos cilindros hidráulicos de captura horizontal se encuentran conectados directamente al cilindro hidráulico de captura vertical (6) a través de bielas (9) que transmiten el movimiento horizontal de dicho cilindro a un respectivo émbolo horizontal (10) ubicado al interior de cada cilindro de captura horizontal (8). The upward and downward movement of the motor pond (1) is captured by a cylinder Hydraulic vertical capture (6) or mechanical rack located at the top of the platform (4) and then the central steering column (2), by means of a vertical piston (7) connected to the drive tank (1). Additionally, horizontal vectors are captured in horizontal capture hydraulic cylinders (8) or zippers placed horizontally just where the motive pond race (1) ends. Said horizontal capture hydraulic cylinders are directly connected to the vertical capture hydraulic cylinder (6) through connecting rods (9) that transmit the horizontal movement of said cylinder to a respective horizontal piston (10) located inside each capture cylinder horizontal (8).
Como se mencionó anteriormente, para la obtención de la energía a partir de la captación de los movimientos horizontales y verticales se utiliza el mismo principio planteado por la invención reivindicada en la solicitud de patentes PCT/CL2011/000024. As mentioned earlier, the same principle proposed by the invention claimed in patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024 is used to obtain energy from the collection of horizontal and vertical movements.
El émbolo vertical (7), así como cada émbolo horizontal (10) se conecta a una o más espadas o cremalleras dobles de accionamiento vertical y horizontal respectivamente, espada que pasa por el centro de una caja de conversión, cuya función es transformar los movimientos ascendentes, descendentes y laterales en un solo movimiento rotatorio unidireccional.  The vertical piston (7), as well as each horizontal piston (10) is connected to one or more swords or double vertical and horizontally operated zips, respectively, a sword that passes through the center of a conversion box, whose function is to transform the movements ascending, descending and lateral in a single unidirectional rotary movement.
Las espadas o cremalleras con su amplio movimiento pasan de ida y vuelta por el centro de la caja de conversión. En el interior de la caja, un volante de inercia, ejes, rodamientos, engranajes y una variedad de mecanismos, transforman el movimiento incesante de ida y vuelta del oleaje, en un movimiento rotatorio de gran torque y baja rotación en un solo sentido de rotación.  Swords or zippers with their wide movement pass back and forth through the center of the conversion box. Inside the case, a flywheel, shafts, bearings, gears and a variety of mechanisms, transform the incessant round-trip movement of the waves, into a rotary movement of large torque and low rotation in one direction of rotation .
Cuando el sentido del oleaje golpea lateralmente, esto desplaza el cilindro hidráulico de captura vertical (6) y consecuentemente a los cilindros hidráulicos de captura horizontal (8) en uno y otro sentido, traspasando toda la energía a las espadas o cremalleras horizontales que a su vez le transmiten a la caja de conversión todo el movimiento, haciéndola girar siempre en una sola dirección. Este movimiento rotatorio se toma directamente y se transmite por correa tipo V o cadena de rodillos a un eje cardánico, que transmite toda la rotación de las cajas de conversión vertical y horizontal directamente o a través de un volante de inercia cardánico al generador del conjunto. When the direction of the wave strikes laterally, this displaces the vertical capture hydraulic cylinder (6) and consequently the horizontal capture hydraulic cylinders (8) in either direction, transferring all the energy to the horizontal swords or zippers that Once all the movement is transmitted to the conversion box, always turning it in only one direction. This rotary movement is taken directly and transmitted by type V belt or roller chain to a cardan shaft, which transmits the entire rotation of the vertical and horizontal conversion boxes directly or through a flywheel of cardanic inertia to the generator set.
De acuerdo a la figura 4, para que una boya motriz (1) sea eficiente y aproveche en mayor medida el movimiento ascendente y descendente, su diámetro no debe ser ni igual ni cercano a λ porque queda expuesta a permanecer entre las partes superiores de dos olas, perdiéndose totalmente el movimiento ondulatorio. En una situación ideal la boya debería tener el diámetro de un punto. Pero esa situación ideal atenta contra el empuje ascendente ya que requeriría un mayor volumen de agua desplazado y por tanto un mayor diámetro.  According to Figure 4, for a driving buoy (1) to be efficient and take greater advantage of the upward and downward movement, its diameter should not be equal to or close to λ because it is exposed to remain between the upper parts of two waves, totally losing the wave movement. In an ideal situation the buoy should have the diameter of a point. But that ideal situation threatens the upward thrust since it would require a greater volume of displaced water and therefore a larger diameter.
Por lo anterior, la búsqueda del diámetro óptimo de la boya motriz, es una función de la longitud de la ola, de la altura que estas alcanzan, de la resistencia de los materiales, del peso de la boya motriz, del volumen de agua desplazado etc. Therefore, the search for the optimum diameter of the driving buoy is a function of the wavelength, the height they reach, the resistance of the materials, the weight of the driving buoy, the volume of water displaced etc.
Por todo lo anterior, no es aconsejable que una sola boya motriz capture toda la energía que trae el frente de olas. Por esta razón la presente invención propone la disposición de 3, 4, 5 o más boyas motrices pequeñas en serie, una detrás de la otra, hasta agotar totalmente la energía del frente de olas tal como se observa en la figura 5.  For all the above, it is not advisable that a single driving buoy capture all the energy that the wave front brings. For this reason, the present invention proposes the arrangement of 3, 4, 5 or more small motor buoys in series, one behind the other, until the energy of the wave front is completely depleted as seen in Figure 5.
Tal como propone la solicitud de patente PCT/CL2011/000024 la arquitectura del sistema considera que tanto los cilindros o mecanismos de captura, así como el generador, los circuitos y todos los mecanismos y conexiones se dispongan sobre la cubierta de la plataforma (4). Lo anterior, evita el contacto del agua salada con las partes motrices y sensibles del equipo. Además, no obliga anclar el equipo en zonas de aguas poco profundas, lo cual lo libera de esta restricción. Cabe hacer notar que todos los equipos obligados a trabajar en aguas poco profundas debido a que están fijos al fondo marino, reciben una ola muy debilitada casi sin energía y esto los hace poco rentables. Por el contrario, la presente invención no posee limitaciones al respecto. Tal como se propone en una modalidad de la invención reivindicada en la solicitud de patente PCT/CL201 1/000024 y de acuerdo a la figura 6, la estructura puede ser sostenida por boyas de sustentación (11) cercanas a la línea de flotación. Sin embargo, cuando las estructuras crecen es mejor que los estanques de sustentación se sitúen bajo la línea de flotación para así acercarse al diseño de un barco. As patent application PCT / CL2011 / 000024 proposes, the system architecture considers that both the cylinders or capture mechanisms, as well as the generator, the circuits and all the mechanisms and connections are arranged on the deck of the platform (4) . This avoids the contact of salt water with the motor and sensitive parts of the equipment. In addition, it does not require anchoring the equipment in shallow water areas, which releases it from this restriction. It should be noted that all teams forced to work in shallow waters because they are fixed to the seabed, receive a very weak wave almost without energy and this makes them unprofitable. On the contrary, the present invention has no limitations in this regard. As proposed in an embodiment of the invention claimed in the patent application PCT / CL201 1/000024 and according to figure 6, the structure can be supported by support buoys (11) near the waterline. However, when the structures grow, it is better for the support ponds to be placed below the waterline in order to approach the design of a ship.
La figura 7 enseña una modalidad alternativa de la invención, donde la estructura se encuentra sostenida por boyas de sustentación motrices (12) conectadas mediante un eje a la estructura soportante, permitiendo hacerlas rodar sobre dicho eje, de tal forma que la estructura completa pueda ser lanzada al agua sin recurrir a grúas o pluma, y tan solo empujándola por un plano inclinado, de forma es posible realizar un lanzamiento al agua mas económico. Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention, where the structure is supported by motor support buoys (12) connected by an axis to the supporting structure, allowing them to roll on said axis, so that the complete structure can be launched into the water without resorting to cranes or jibs, and only by pushing it on an inclined plane, so it is possible to make a more economical launch into the water.
En otra modalidad alternativa, también es posible instalar el sistema de la presente invención en zona de muelles, o en el casco de un buque, esto debido a que la instalación del equipo no tiene restricciones de profundidad del océano donde funciona, el único requisito es que debe existir un movimiento relativo entre la boya motriz y la estructura que lo sostiene. In another alternative mode, it is also possible to install the system of the present invention in a dock area, or in the hull of a ship, this because the installation of the equipment does not have restrictions on the depth of the ocean where it works, the only requirement is that there must be a relative movement between the driving buoy and the structure that supports it.
Así también, es obvio que para conseguir mejores rendimientos y protección de las plataformas estas deben poder amarrarse unas a las otras para conseguir mayor peso y estabilidad. Esto último evita el anclaje con profundidad fija y permite a la plataforma sostenerse en su propio peso y tamaño, logrando que igualmente los estanques motrices funcionen por movimiento relativo. Also, it is obvious that in order to achieve better performance and protection of the platforms they must be able to tie each other to achieve greater weight and stability. The latter avoids anchoring with a fixed depth and allows the platform to support itself in its own weight and size, making the motor ponds work by relative movement.
En líneas generales todos los equipos que se lancen al mar deben ser construidos con materiales durables en el tiempo, resistentes al embate de las olas e inertes al ataque salino del agua salada. Todo esto obliga a la construcción usando hormigón hidrófugo, plásticos reforzados y acero inoxidable. La combinación de estos elementos, debe buscar la máxima economía posible cumpliendo con la resistencia y calidad requeridas.  In general, all the equipment that is launched into the sea must be built with materials that are durable over time, resistant to the onslaught of waves and inert to saline attack of salt water. All this forces construction using water-repellent concrete, reinforced plastics and stainless steel. The combination of these elements, should seek the maximum possible economy while complying with the required strength and quality.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. - Un mecanismo para la captura de energía de las olas, conformado por una plataforma (4) que soporta al menos un medio de flotación, compuesto por al menos un estanque motriz (1), cuyas caras presentan su mayor exposición en aquella que se contacta con el agua; en donde uno o más estanques motrices (1) están encajonados en una jaula estructural, CARACTERIZADO porque una columna central (2) pasa por el centro de dicho estanque motriz (1) y se encuentra articulada por medio de un pivote (3) conectado a una estructura soportante, donde dicha columna central (2) pasa a través de la plataforma (4), definiéndose una zona de operación (5) que comprende el espacio entre dicha plataforma (4) y el nivel del agua, que es donde se desplaza el estanque motriz (1) por medio del movimiento vertical y horizontal producido por las olas; además el mecanismo comprende un cilindro hidráulico de captura vertical (6) o cremallera mecánica ubicada en la parte superior de la plataforma (4) y a continuación de la columna central (2) de direccionamiento, con un émbolo vertical (7) conectado al estanque motriz (1); y porque además comprende cilindros hidráulicos de captura horizontal (8) o cremalleras colocadas horizontalmente justo donde termina la carrera del estanque motriz (1), donde dichos cilindros hidráulicos de captura horizontal (8) se encuentran conectados directamente al cilindro hidráulico de captura vertical (6) a través de bielas (9) que transmiten el movimiento horizontal de dicho cilindro a un respectivo émbolo horizontal (9) ubicado al interior de cada cilindro de captura horizontal (8). 1. - A mechanism for the capture of energy from waves, consisting of a platform (4) that supports at least one flotation medium, composed of at least one motive pond (1), whose faces have their greatest exposure in that water is contacted; wherein one or more motive ponds (1) are encased in a structural cage, CHARACTERIZED because a central column (2) passes through the center of said motive pond (1) and is articulated by means of a pivot (3) connected to a supporting structure, where said central column (2) passes through the platform (4), defining an operation zone (5) comprising the space between said platform (4) and the water level, which is where it travels the motor pond (1) by means of the vertical and horizontal movement produced by the waves; In addition, the mechanism comprises a vertical capture hydraulic cylinder (6) or mechanical rack located at the top of the platform (4) and following the central steering column (2), with a vertical piston (7) connected to the drive tank (one); and because it also includes horizontal capture hydraulic cylinders (8) or horizontally placed zippers just where the motive pond race ends (1), where said horizontal capture hydraulic cylinders (8) are directly connected to the vertical capture hydraulic cylinder (6 ) through connecting rods (9) that transmit the horizontal movement of said cylinder to a respective horizontal piston (9) located inside each horizontal capture cylinder (8).
2. - Un mecanismo para la captura de energía de las olas, según la reivindicación 1, CARACTERIZADO porque dicha columna central (2) se conecta con la estructura soportante por medio de dicho pivote (3) a una profundidad cercana a (t), correspondiente a la zona donde hay menos movimiento. 2. - A mechanism for capturing wave energy, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that said central column (2) is connected to the supporting structure by means of said pivot (3) at a depth close to (t), corresponding to the area where there is less movement.
3. - Un mecanismo para la captura de energía de las olas, según la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque dicho émbolo vertical (7), así como cada émbolo horizontal (10) se conecta a una o más espadas o cremalleras dobles de accionamiento vertical y horizontal respectivamente, espada que pasa por el centro de una caja de conversión transmitiendo la energía a un generador. 3. - A mechanism for the capture of wave energy, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that said vertical plunger (7), as well as each horizontal plunger (10) is connected to one or more swords or double vertical-operated zips and horizontal respectively, a sword that passes through the center of a conversion box transmitting energy to a generator.
4. - Un mecanismo para la captura de energía de las olas, según la reivindicación 1, CARACTERIZADO porque al interior de la jaula estructural se dispone de 3, 4, 5 o mas estanques motrices pequeños en serie, dispuestos uno detrás de la otra. 4. - A mechanism for the capture of wave energy, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because within the structural cage there are 3, 4, 5 or more small motor tanks in series, arranged one behind the other.
5. - Un mecanismo para la captura de energía de las olas, según la reivindicación 1, CARACTERIZADO porque al interior de la jaula estructural se dispone de un sinnúmero de boyas motrices pequeñas en serie y en paralelo. 5. - A mechanism for the capture of wave energy, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because a number of small and parallel small motor buoys are available inside the structural cage.
6.- Un mecanismo para la captura de energía de las olas, según la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque que tanto los cilindros o mecanismos de captura, así como el generador, los circuitos y todos los mecanismos y conexiones se disponen sobre la cubierta de la plataforma (4). 6. A mechanism for the capture of wave energy, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because both the cylinders or capture mechanisms, as well as the generator, the circuits and all the mechanisms and connections are arranged on the deck of the platform (4).
7.- Un mecanismo para la captura de energía de las olas, según la reivindicación 1, CARACTERIZADO porque la estructura es sostenida por boyas de sustentación (11) cercanas a la línea de flotación. 7. A mechanism for capturing wave energy, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because the structure is supported by support buoys (11) near the waterline.
8.- Un mecanismo para la captura de energía de las olas, según la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque la estructura es sostenida por boyas de sustentación (11 ) ubicadas bajo la línea de flotación. 8. A mechanism for wave energy capture, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because the structure is supported by support buoys (11) located under the waterline.
9. - Un mecanismo para la captura de energía de las olas, según la reivindicación 1, CARACTERIZADO porque la estructura se encuentra sostenida por boyas de sustentación motrices (12) conectadas mediante un eje a la estructura soportante 9. - A mechanism for the capture of wave energy, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because the structure is supported by motor support buoys (12) connected by an axis to the supporting structure
10. - Un mecanismo para la captura de energía de las olas, según la reivindicación 1, CARACTERIZADO porque el sistema se instala en zonas de muelles, o en el casco de un buque. 10. - A mechanism for capturing wave energy, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because the system is installed in dock areas, or in the hull of a ship.
PCT/CL2014/000002 2013-01-25 2014-01-10 Improved ocean energy capture system WO2014113899A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CL260-2013 2013-01-25
CL2013000260A CL2013000260A1 (en) 2013-01-25 2013-01-25 Mechanism for the capture of energy from waves, consisting of a platform that supports at least one means of flotation, composed of at least one motive pond, where one or more motive ponds are encased in a structural cage, where a central column passes through the center of said motive tank and is articulated by means of a pivot connected to a supporting structure, a vertical capture hydraulic cylinder, with a vertical plunger connected to the motive pond.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014113899A1 true WO2014113899A1 (en) 2014-07-31

Family

ID=51226792

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CL2014/000002 WO2014113899A1 (en) 2013-01-25 2014-01-10 Improved ocean energy capture system

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CL (1) CL2013000260A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2014113899A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3885569A1 (en) * 2020-03-26 2021-09-29 Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. Installation-connected dual-point absorber

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CL2013003557A1 (en) * 2013-12-11 2015-12-18 Echeverria Ivan Dib Improved equipment to capture the energy of the sea

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US918956A (en) * 1908-09-02 1909-04-20 D P Osborne Wave-motor.
GB1514765A (en) * 1975-05-16 1978-06-21 Tornabene M Apparatus for deriving power from wave motions in water
US4103494A (en) * 1977-04-25 1978-08-01 Hubert Tidwell Wave and tide motor
FR2423651A1 (en) * 1978-04-20 1979-11-16 Emh Generator utilising sea and wind energy - has float in hollow tube pivoted at base to react to all movements
US20030155774A1 (en) * 2002-02-20 2003-08-21 Chalmers Peter Donald Wave energy converter system of improved efficiency and survivability
WO2011123966A1 (en) * 2010-04-05 2011-10-13 Ivan Dib Echeverria Marine energy capture system
US20120235414A1 (en) * 2011-03-17 2012-09-20 Yossef Levy Ocean swell energy conversion apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US918956A (en) * 1908-09-02 1909-04-20 D P Osborne Wave-motor.
GB1514765A (en) * 1975-05-16 1978-06-21 Tornabene M Apparatus for deriving power from wave motions in water
US4103494A (en) * 1977-04-25 1978-08-01 Hubert Tidwell Wave and tide motor
FR2423651A1 (en) * 1978-04-20 1979-11-16 Emh Generator utilising sea and wind energy - has float in hollow tube pivoted at base to react to all movements
US20030155774A1 (en) * 2002-02-20 2003-08-21 Chalmers Peter Donald Wave energy converter system of improved efficiency and survivability
WO2011123966A1 (en) * 2010-04-05 2011-10-13 Ivan Dib Echeverria Marine energy capture system
US20120235414A1 (en) * 2011-03-17 2012-09-20 Yossef Levy Ocean swell energy conversion apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3885569A1 (en) * 2020-03-26 2021-09-29 Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. Installation-connected dual-point absorber
US11459997B2 (en) 2020-03-26 2022-10-04 Ocean Power Technologies, Inc. Wave energy converter including a dual-point absorber connected to an above-water installation via a linkage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CL2013000260A1 (en) 2013-08-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ES2250940T3 (en) ENERGY CONVERTER OF THE WAVES.
ES2393261T3 (en) Apparatus and control system for the generation of energy from wave energy
ES2601527T3 (en) Wave power converter
ES2393207T3 (en) Fully submerged wave energy converter
ES2389361T3 (en) Freely floating wave energy converter
ES2698900T3 (en) Devices and systems of energy converters of waves driven by pitch
CN101490341B (en) Wave energy converter
KR101138475B1 (en) Power generating equipment using wave forces
US7969033B2 (en) Buoyancy energy cell
US9181922B2 (en) Marine energy capture system
ES2337312T3 (en) SYSTEM OF MULTIPLE CAPTATION AND COMPLEMENTED TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY FROM THE WAVES OF THE SEA.
KR101548433B1 (en) Oscillating Water Column Type Wave Energy Harvest
CN108603481B (en) Wide wave spectrum wave energy recovery device
ES2320846B1 (en) PLATFORM TO CAPTURE ENERGY OF THE WAVES.
ES2905779T3 (en) Flywheel energy storage device and method of its use
KR101188030B1 (en) Wave force generator
KR101392282B1 (en) Sea wave-power generatng apparatus)
WO2011089280A1 (en) Balance wave-energy electricity generation system
ES2791994T3 (en) Shoreline protection infrastructure equipped with means to recover energy from wave movement
WO2014113899A1 (en) Improved ocean energy capture system
WO2010045500A1 (en) Wave energy extraction system
EP2961979B1 (en) Modular floating pier with integrated generator of energy from renewable sources
ES2922357B2 (en) CONVERTER MODULE OF WAVE ENERGY INTO ELECTRIC ENERGY
ES2387441A1 (en) Flexible power generator from the waves energy. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
GB2419383A (en) Endless loop wave generation device and marine propulsion unit

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14743950

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 14743950

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1