ES2527141T3 - Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Refrigeration and/or freezing apparatus with several temperature zones (12, 14, 16, 18) and at least one refrigerant medium circuit with at least one compressor (20), at least one condenser (30), as well as at least an evaporator (40), the refrigerant medium circuit presenting a single magnetic valve (50) to control the flow of refrigerant medium, three or four or more than four temperature zones (12, 14, 16, 18) being provided, presenting the evaporator (40) several evaporator surfaces or zones (42, 44, 46, 48) assigned to the temperature zones (12, 14, 16, 18), the evaporator surfaces or zones (42, 44, 46) being adapted , 48) from the point of view of the surface to the respective temperature zone (12, 14, 16, 18) and the refrigeration and/or freezing apparatus presenting at least a freezing part (11), characterized in that the evaporator (40) has in the area of the freezing part (11) two or more than two windings (41, 43), one winding (41) of the evaporator of the freezing part (42) being connected to the evaporator (44) of the refrigeration part (13) and another winding (43) of the evaporator of the freezing part (42) being attached to the evaporator (48) of the refrigeration compartment (17).

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus

The present invention relates to a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus with several temperature zones and at least one refrigerant medium circuit with at least one compressor, at least one condenser, as well as at least one evaporator.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus with various temperature zones are known from the state of the art. For this purpose, cooling zones are provided in particular in the cooling part and freezing zones are provided in the freezing part of the cooling and / or freezing apparatus. In some devices, another temperature zone is also provided, in which a constant temperature of approximately 0 ° C prevails. This type of zones of 0 ºC is planned for the conservation of fruits or vegetables.

WO2005 / 057104A1 discloses a refrigeration apparatus with three temperature zones, in particular a freezing part and at least one refrigerant medium circuit with a compressor, a condenser, as well as two evaporators assigned to the temperature zones, the refrigerant medium circuit presenting a single magnetic valve to control the flow of the refrigerant medium, the evaporators being adapted from the surface point of view to the respective temperature zone.

WO2004 / 016999A1, DE19756861A1 and US2006 / 179858A1 disclose refrigeration apparatus with several temperature zones and with at least one refrigerant medium circuit with at least one compressor, at least one condenser, as well as at least one evaporator, presenting the refrigerant medium circuit a magnetic valve to control the flow of the refrigerant medium, with three or four or more of four temperature zones being provided, the evaporator having several evaporator zones assigned to the temperature zones, the evaporator zones being adapted from the point of view of the surface to the respective temperature zone and the cooling apparatus presenting at least one freezing part.

In this type of refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus, the different temperatures of the temperature zones are so far regulated by means of a relatively complex evaporator structure. Thus, for example, it is known so far to provide several magnetic valves with corresponding control for refrigeration and / or freezing devices with up to three temperature zones. However, this increases the complexity of the construction of the condenser and evaporator structure and prevents a unified design, applicable to all series, of the drive unit or of the corresponding drive housing or of the compressor space. Likewise, it would be desirable to also make available refrigeration and / or freezing devices with more than three temperature zones.

Therefore, the objective of the present invention is to advantageously refine a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus of the type mentioned at the beginning, in particular when the construction of the condenser / evaporator structure is advantageously perfected.

This objective is achieved according to the invention by means of a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus with the characteristics of claim 1. According to it, it is provided that a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus is provided with several temperature zones and less a compressor, at least one condenser, as well as at least one evaporator, a single magnetic valve being provided in the at least one refrigerant medium circuit. This has the advantage that in the case of refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus with several temperature zones, the existing standard engine compartment spaces can be used. The solenoid valve can be used to open or close ducts to adjust the desired cooling capacity in the corresponding evaporator. This allows advantageously to implement several temperature zones within a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus, without the need to provide separate spaces and / or housings for the operation and the condenser / evaporator structure.

According to the invention, three, four or more than four temperature zones are also provided. This has the advantage that separate temperature zones are created for the preservation of frozen products, refrigerated products, fruits and / or vegetables to be refrigerated, as well as, for example, beverages.

The evaporator has several surfaces or evaporator zones assigned to the temperature zones. Evaporator surfaces or areas can also be understood as evaporators separated from one another or joined together. Accordingly, the term evaporator also encompasses several evaporators that can be linked together or separated from each other. The evaporator surface is formed here, for example, by the amount of evaporator windings arranged in the respective temperature zone. In this sense it is possible to configure several evaporator surfaces assigned to the temperature zones by means of corresponding evaporator windings.

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The evaporator surfaces are adapted from the point of view of the surface to the respective temperature zone. Thus, for example, a greater corresponding amount of windings of an evaporator can be placed in temperature zones that are to be cooled more or can be guided around the temperature zone, so that a larger effective evaporator surface is achieved. . Correspondingly, a smaller evaporator surface may be provided in the case of areas to be cooled less.

According to the invention it is further provided that the evaporator present in the area of the freezing part at least one evaporator duct or a double winding. This has the advantage that there is a higher winding density of the evaporator windings in the area of the freezing part, thus achieving a larger evaporator surface and a greater heat absorption or a higher possible cooling capacity in the part of freezing. The evaporator can also have more than two windings.

The use of different sized evaporators, assigned to the aforementioned compartments, makes it possible to compensate for the load differences (depending on the position of the magnetic valve) in the freezing part evaporator that is connected next. The freezing part evaporator with double winding or with more than double winding also allows the freezing part to always have a sufficiently low temperature, regardless of the position, in which the magnetic valve is located.

It is also possible that the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus comprises a freezing part, a cooling part, a 0 ° C zone and a cooling compartment, to which a temperature zone of its own is assigned respectively.

It is possible that the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus has an apparatus control. By means of the device control, the operating times of the compressor can be controlled and / or regulated, for example, depending on the internal or external temperatures of the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus. It is also possible, for example, to include the amount of door openings in the control and / or regulation of the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus. By means of the apparatus control, the magnetic valve can be controlled in particular depending on the temperature in the cooling compartment in order to feed fresh cooling medium, for example, through a bypass conduit, to evaporator surfaces arranged in the part of refrigeration or in another extreme area of the evaporator.

It is also possible that at least one surface heating is provided in the cooling part and / or the cooling compartment or also in the 0 ° C compartment. A surface heating of this type allows additionally to influence the temperature within the cooling part and / or the cooling compartment and / or the 0 ° C compartment. In this way fluctuations can be reduced within the respective temperature zone of the cooling part and / or the cooling compartment or the 0 ° C compartment. Likewise, it is possible to clearly shorten the regulation process in the respective temperature zone. For this purpose it may be provided that the surface heating is linked to a corresponding control and / or regulation, such as the device control, or even has its own control and / or regulation.

At least one indoor fan may be provided. This type of indoor fans allows the temperature to be distributed evenly, for example, within the cooling part or within the 0 ° C zone. In an advantageous configuration, the internal fans are also connected to the device control.

It is particularly advantageous that the indoor fan is designed so that its speed can be regulated.

Another possibility is that the indoor fan is arranged in the cooling part and / or in the cooling compartment. In these relatively large areas of the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus, a uniform temperature distribution is thus advantageously achieved.

The device control can also be designed in such a way that the temperature of the temperature zones is regulated depending on the temperature in the cooling part and / or in the cooling compartment.

In a preferred configuration of the invention, the magnetic valve is arranged in front of the evaporator.

From the magnetic valve two ducts can be extended, of which one leads, for example, to a first cooling compartment of the apparatus and the other leads to a second cooling compartment of the apparatus. In the case of the first cooling compartment it may be a cooling part and in the case of the second cooling compartment it may be a cooling compartment.

In this regard, it may be provided that the first cooling compartment or the second cooling compartment is subjected to a cooling medium depending on the position of the magnetic valve.

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In another configuration of the invention it is provided that following the evaporator of the first refrigeration compartment an evaporator is connected which serves to cool another refrigeration compartment, for example, a compartment of 0 ° C.

Finally, it is provided that a conduit conducts respectively from the first refrigeration compartment or the second refrigeration compartment or the other refrigeration compartment mentioned or from the 0 ° C compartment to the freezing part evaporator. These ducts are connected to one of the freezer evaporator windings respectively or in each case they form a freezer evaporator winding.

A dryer can be arranged next to the condenser. Likewise, it may be provided that the magnetic valve is located after the dryer.

It is preferred that a first temperature zone has -18 ° C, a second temperature zone, +4 to +9 ° C, a third temperature zone, 0 ° C and a fourth temperature zone, +4 to +14 ° C. In relation to these mentioned temperature zones it was found that they are perfectly suitable in each case for the preservation of frozen products or refrigerated products. Thus, for example, the first temperature zone is very suitable for the conservation of frozen products, while the second temperature zone is very suitable for the conservation, for example, of fish, sausages and / or cheeses. The third temperature zone with an almost constant temperature of 0 ºC allows the preservation of fruits and / or vegetables, being able to achieve maximum durability of fruits and / or vegetables. The fourth temperature zone may be provided, for example, for the preservation of beverages, although it is also possible to keep any other refrigerated product.

It is advantageous that the first temperature zone is assigned to the freezing part, that the second temperature zone is assigned to the cooling part, that the third temperature zone is assigned to the 0 ° C zone and that the fourth temperature zone temperature is assigned to the cooling compartment. In this way, the user has four zones for the corresponding preservation of frozen products in the first temperature zone, refrigerated products, for example, fish, sausages, cheeses, in the second temperature zone and, for example, fruits and vegetables in the third temperature zone, as well as, for example, drinks, in the fourth temperature zone.

Other details and advantages of the invention are explained in detail by means of an embodiment shown in the drawing. They show:

Fig. 1 a schematic representation of the condenser / evaporator structure; Y

Fig. 2 a perspective representation of the evaporator structure.

Figure 1 shows in a schematic representation a refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to the present invention.

In this case, the condenser / evaporator structure shown in Figure 1 is mostly located in the rear area of the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus. The compressor and the magnetic valve may be arranged, for example, in a usual engine compartment space.

The refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus has four different temperature zones 12, 14, 16 and 18. In the embodiment shown here, the first temperature zone 12 has a temperature of -18 ° C, the second temperature zone 14 it has a temperature range of +4 ° C to +9 ° C, the third temperature zone 16 has a temperature of 0 ° C and the fourth temperature zone 18 has a temperature of +4 ° C to + 14 ° C.

The first temperature zone 12 is assigned to the freezing part 11, the second temperature zone 14 is assigned to the cooling portion 13, the third temperature zone 16 is assigned to the zone of 0 ° C 15 and the fourth zone of temperature 18 is assigned to the cooling compartment 17.

The compressor 20 of the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus is arranged on the bottom side in the compressor space. The dryer 90 is in favor of the capacitor current 30.

The cooling medium circuit also has a magnetic valve 50 that can be connected in two different positions and which is located next to the dryer 90.

From the magnetic valve 50, a conduit 51 leads to the evaporator 44 of the cooling part 13 and another conduit 52 leads to the evaporator 48 of the cooling compartment 17.

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As can also be seen in Figure 2, the evaporator 46 in the 0 ° C zone 15 is located next to the evaporator 44 of the cooling part 13. Reference number 40 in Figure 2 identifies the "evaporator" which is formed by individual evaporator units or sections 42, 44, 48, 48.

In the cooling part 13 an inner fan 70 is provided, as well as a surface heating, not shown, in the side walls of the cooling part 13. The inner fan 70 and the surface heating 60, not shown in detail, they are connected to the device control not shown in detail in figures 1 and 2.

It is possible to preferably regulate the speed of the indoor fan 70.

It is also possible to design the zone of 0 ºC 15 with one or more fans and / or surface heaters of this type.

After passing through the evaporator 46 of the 0 ° C 15 zone, the cooling medium is fed to the freezing part evaporator 42. For this purpose, the duct 53 connecting the evaporator 46 of the 0 ° C zone 15 to the evaporator 42 is used. of the freezing part 12 or representing a winding 41 of the freezing part evaporator 42.

As explained above, a second conduit 52 leads from the magnetic valve 50 to the evaporator 48 of the cooling compartment 17. In the cooling compartment 17 there is also provided an indoor fan 70, as well as a surface heating, not shown, preferably in the side walls of the cooling compartment 17.

The internal fan or the internal fans 70 and the surface heating are connected to an apparatus control not shown in detail in Figure 1.

Depending on the position of the magnetic valve 50, the evaporator 44 of the cooling part 13 or the evaporator 48 of the cooling compartment 17 can be subjected to cooling medium. This makes it possible, for example, to influence the temperature in the temperature zone 18 of the cooling compartment 17, independently of the other temperature zones 12, 14, 16. The magnetic valve 50 is activated if necessary by means of the device control not shown

The device control determines the nominal values and the real values necessary for the regulation by means of temperature sensors not shown and by means of an adjustment of the real temperature in the respective temperature zone, as well as in the nominal value or the stored nominal values about.

A conduit 54 extends from the evaporator 48 of the cooling compartment 17 to the evaporator of the freezing part 42 and is connected to the same or forms another winding 43 of the freezing part evaporator 42.

As explained above, it is preferably provided that the evaporator surfaces are designed with a different size or adapted to the respective cooling needs of the temperature zones 12, 14, 16, 18 or of the compartments 11, 13, 15, 17. Compensation of the load differences depending on the position of the magnetic valve 50 can be carried out in the freezing part evaporator connected below or in the at least two windings 41, 43 of the freezing part evaporator 42 .

The duct guidance, shown in Figures 1 and 2, also allows sufficiently low temperatures to always prevail in the freezing part, since the freezing part evaporator 42 is subjected in both positions of the magnetic valve 50 to the coming cooling medium from evaporator 46 in the 0 ºC zone 15 or from evaporator 48 in the cooling compartment 17.

A common conduit 55 extends from the freezing part evaporator 42 or a conduit returns through each winding 41, 43 to the compressor suction tube 22.

The operation of the cooling medium circuits shown in Figures 1 and 2 can be described as follows:

The cooling medium is aspirated by the suction tube 22 and compressed in the compressor 20. The cooling medium is condensed in the condenser 30 by heat emission and is then conducted through the dryer 90. After the dryer 90, the medium refrigerant passes through the magnetic valve 50 which can be connected in position A or position B by means of a device control not shown.

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Depending on the cooling needs in the cooling part 13 or in the cooling compartment 17, the cooling medium is fed from the magnetic valve 50 to the evaporator of cooling part 44 or the evaporator of cooling part 48. If the refrigerant is It first feeds the evaporator 44 of the cooling part 13, it then circulates through the evaporator 46 of the 0 ° C compartment 15 and then through a winding 41 of the freezing part evaporator 42. If the cooling medium is fed to the evaporator 48 of the refrigeration compartment 17, this then circulates through a winding 43 of the freezer part evaporator 42.

The temperature zone 14 in the cooling part 13 can be further adjusted by a wall heating and an indoor fan in a range of +4 ° C to +9 ° C. The temperature zone 16 of the 0 ° C zone 15 is preferably regulated at a constant temperature of 0 ° C.

If the device control detects, for example, by means of temperature sensors or other sensors, that the temperature zone 18 of the cooling compartment 17 has reached its upper threshold value and threatens to operate from the predefined upper temperature threshold of the zone of temperature 18, the apparatus control controls the magnetic valve 50 in such a way that it is connected in position B, whereby the cooling medium is fed to the evaporator 48 of the cooling compartment 17 through the conduit 52.

Figure 2 shows the arrangement of the refrigerant medium circuit according to Figure 1 in a perspective view. From Fig. 2 it is clear that the freezing part evaporator 42 is formed by two windings 41, 43 separated from each other, of which one is connected to the outlet of the evaporator 46 of the 0 ° C zone 15 and the another is connected to the evaporator outlet 48 of the cooling compartment

17. The two windings 41, 43 of the freezing part evaporator 42 can be joined at the outlet side and can return in a common conduit 55 towards the compressor 20.

While the evaporator 42 of the freezing part 11 is a double winding evaporator 11, the evaporators 44, 46, 48 of the other compartments, that is, the evaporator 48 of the cooling compartment 17, the evaporator 46 of the compartment of 0 ºC 15, as well as the evaporator 44 of the cooling part 13, are located in planes displaced from each other. These evaporators 44, 46, 48 are formed by tubular ducts that run in the form of a meander and are arranged on corresponding plates.

The present invention makes it possible to use existing engine compartment spaces by means of a coolant circuit with a compressor and a magnetic valve. The invention preferably relates to a 4 zone regulation with a compressor, as well as a magnetic valve. In this regard, the evaporators or evaporator surfaces assigned to the individual compartments or zones are adapted to the corresponding cooling needs and, therefore, do not necessarily have the same size, but preferably different. In the embodiment shown, the temperature setting is supported by an electronic system that allows the desired temperature to be achieved depending on the temperature set in the cooling part 13, as well as in the cooling compartment 17 with internal fans 70 of regulated speed and surface heating.

Claims (12)

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one.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus with several temperature zones (12, 14, 16, 18) and at least one refrigerant medium circuit with at least one compressor (20), at least one condenser (30), as well as at least an evaporator (40), the refrigerant medium circuit presenting a single magnetic valve (50) to control the flow of the refrigerant medium, with three or four or more of four temperature zones (12, 14, 16, 18) being provided, presenting the evaporator (40) several surfaces or evaporator zones (42, 44, 46, 48) assigned to the temperature zones (12, 14, 16, 18), the evaporator surfaces or zones (42, 44, 46 being adapted) , 48) from the point of view of the surface to the respective temperature zone (12, 14, 16, 18) and presenting the cooling and / or freezing apparatus at least one freezing part (11), characterized in that the evaporator (40) presents in the area of the freezing part (11) two or more than two windings (41, 43 ), a winding (41) of the freezing part evaporator (42) being attached to the evaporator (44) of the cooling part (13) and another winding (43) of the freezing part evaporator (42) being attached to the evaporator (48) of the cooling compartment (17).

2.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus comprises a freezing part (11), a cooling part (13), a zone region of 0 ° C (15 ) and a cooling compartment (17), to which an own temperature zone is assigned respectively (12, 14, 16, 18).

3.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus has at least one refrigeration part (13) and / or a refrigeration compartment (17) and why less a surface heating is provided in the cooling part (13) and / or in the cooling compartment (17).

Four.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one interior space fan (70) is provided.

5.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the indoor space fan (70) is designed so that its rotation speed can be regulated.

6.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the indoor space fan (70) is arranged in the cooling part (13) and / or in the cooling compartment (17).

7.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apparatus has an apparatus control designed in such a way that the temperature regulation of the temperature zones (12, 14, 16, 18) is carried out out depending on the temperature in the cooling part

(13) and / or in the refrigeration compartment (17).

8.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic valve (50) is arranged in front of the evaporator (40).

9.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that from the magnetic valve (50), a first conduit (52) leads to the evaporator (48) of the refrigeration compartment (17) of the apparatus of cooling and / or freezing and a second duct (51) leads to the evaporator (44) of the cooling part (13) of the refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus.

10.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the evaporator (46) or the evaporator section assigned to the zone region of 0 ° C (15) is connected next to the evaporator (44) or of the evaporator section that is assigned to the cooling part (13).

eleven.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first temperature zone (12) has approximately -18 ° C, a second temperature zone (14), approximately +4 to +9 ° C, a third temperature zone (16), approximately 0 ° C and a fourth temperature zone (18), approximately +4 to +14 ° C.

12.

Refrigeration and / or freezing apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the first temperature zone (12) is assigned to the freezing part (11), the second temperature zone (14) to the cooling part (13 ), the third temperature zone (16) to the 0ºC zone region (15) and the fourth temperature zone (18) to the cooling compartment (17).

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