ES2423256B9 - AUTOMATIC AND INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR THE RECOVERY OF THE FIBER AND INERTIZATION OF RESIN OF THE PRE-PREPGED CARBON FIBER - Google Patents

AUTOMATIC AND INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR THE RECOVERY OF THE FIBER AND INERTIZATION OF RESIN OF THE PRE-PREPGED CARBON FIBER Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2423256B9
ES2423256B9 ES201230396A ES201230396A ES2423256B9 ES 2423256 B9 ES2423256 B9 ES 2423256B9 ES 201230396 A ES201230396 A ES 201230396A ES 201230396 A ES201230396 A ES 201230396A ES 2423256 B9 ES2423256 B9 ES 2423256B9
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Prior art keywords
carbon fiber
resin
recycling
recovery process
carbon
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ES201230396A
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Spanish (es)
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ES2423256A1 (en
ES2423256B1 (en
Inventor
Bartolome SIMONET SUAU
Manuel GALAN VALLEJO
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SINATEC SL
IND DE MATERIALES SL
INDUSTRIA DE MATERIALES SL
Sinatec S L
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SINATEC SL
IND DE MATERIALES SL
INDUSTRIA DE MATERIALES SL
Sinatec S L
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Priority to ES201230396A priority Critical patent/ES2423256B9/en
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Publication of ES2423256B1 publication Critical patent/ES2423256B1/en
Publication of ES2423256B9 publication Critical patent/ES2423256B9/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0255—Specific separating techniques using different melting or softening temperatures of the materials to be separated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

Proceso integrado de recuperación de fibra de carbono a partir de tejido o cinta de carbono preimpregnada. El proceso permite la recuperación por una parte de fibra de carbono con un contenido en resina prácticamente despreciable, y por otra de la resina del tejido polimerizada; es decir, en forma de residuo inerte.#El proceso se fundamenta en eliminar la resina parcialmente polimerizada con un proceso simple energéticamente. El proceso se basa en aplicar calor para disminuir la viscosidad de la resina; y presión para lograr que la resina fluya. Al final del proceso se obtiene separada la resina polimerizada y la fibra reciclada. Con el fin de conseguir una eliminación más exhaustiva de la resina el proceso termina con una limpieza con disolvente como por ejemplo acetona.#El proceso es aplicable en aquellos casos que el material ha caducado pero que la resina ha sufrido poca polimerizaci�n de forma que puede fluir al ser sobrecalentada y al aplicar una ligera presión.#En aquellos casos que se requiera una eliminación más exhaustiva de la resina, el sistema permite el acoplamiento de una unidad de lavado con disolvente como por ejemplo acetona.Integrated carbon fiber recovery process from pre-impregnated carbon fabric or tape. The process allows the recovery by a part of carbon fiber with a virtually negligible resin content, and by another of the resin of the polymerized fabric; that is, in the form of an inert residue. # The process is based on eliminating the partially polymerized resin with a simple energy process. The process is based on applying heat to decrease the viscosity of the resin; and pressure to make the resin flow. At the end of the process, the polymerized resin and the recycled fiber are obtained separately. In order to achieve a more thorough removal of the resin, the process ends with solvent cleaning such as acetone. # The process is applicable in cases where the material has expired but the resin has undergone little polymerization in a way which can flow when superheated and when light pressure is applied. # In those cases where a more thorough removal of the resin is required, the system allows the coupling of a solvent washing unit such as acetone.

Description

SISTEMA AUTOMÁTICO E INTEGRADO PARA LA RECUPERACIÓN DE LA FIBRA E INERTIZACI�N DE RESINA DE LA FIBRA DE CARBONO PREIMPREGNADA SECTOR DE LA TÉCNICA AUTOMATIC AND INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR THE RECOVERY OF FIBER AND INERTIZATION OF RESIN OF THE CARBON FIBER PREIMPREGNATED SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE

La patente se centra en una nueva tecnología que permita en planta el tratamiento de tejido o cinta de carbono preimpregnada caducada para la rápida recuperación, por una parte de fibra de carbono con un contenido en resina prácticamente despreciable, y por otra de la resina del tejido polimerizada; es decir, en forma de residuo inerte. The patent focuses on a new technology that allows the treatment of expired preimpregnated carbon fabric or tape in the plant for rapid recovery, on the one hand of carbon fiber with a virtually negligible resin content, and on the other of the tissue resin polymerized; that is, in the form of an inert residue.

ESTADO DE LA TÉCNICA STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

Tradicionalmente, los componentes de materiales compuestos de los aviones y automóviles abandonados al final de su ciclo de vida, han sido eliminados en los vertederos o incinerados. Lo vertederos son la opción menos rentable económicamente, en 2004, la mayor parte de los Estados Miembros de la Unión Europea (UE) aprobaron leyes prohibiendo el vertido de materiales compuestos. Por otra parte, respecto a la incineración, debe considerarse que la matriz polim�rica al igual que los plásticos, pueden liberar subproductos tóxicos durante la incineración. Traditionally, the components of composite materials of abandoned airplanes and cars at the end of their life cycle have been disposed of in landfills or incinerated. The Landfills are the least economically profitable option, in 2004, most of the Member States of the European Union (EU) passed laws prohibiting the dumping of composite materials. On the other hand, with regard to incineration, it should be considered that the polymer matrix, like plastics, can release toxic by-products during incineration.

La directiva relativa al final de ciclo de vida de los vehículos (EEEV), publicada en 2000 por la UE, y adoptada por las naciones miembros de la UE en noviembre 2003, requiere que el 95 por ciento de todos los vehículos fabricados después de enero 2015 deben reutilizarse o recuperarse. Existe por consiguiente una presión política para desarrollar recursos renovables, por no hablar de la creciente preocupación por los cambios climáticos. A partir de 2010, el EEEV pone la responsabilidad de la eliminación al fabricante original de los equipos (OEM). The directive on the end of the vehicle life cycle (EEEV), published in 2000 by the EU, and adopted by the EU member nations in November 2003, requires that 95 percent of all vehicles manufactured after January 2015 must be reused or recovered. There is therefore a political pressure to develop renewable resources, not to mention the growing concern about climate change. As of 2010, the EEEV places the responsibility for the disposal of the original equipment manufacturer (OEM).

Desde que se concibiera la idea de reciclaje de materiales compuestos, el mayor desafío ha consistido en desarrollar un proceso de reciclado rentable. Los avances tecnológicos han desarrollado metodolog�as de reciclaje de carbono, obteniendo al final del proceso de reciclaje fibras en forma picada o molida, denominadas fibras cortas, que impide su reutilización para aplicaciones estructurales. Si bien es cierto que como principal ventaja es su bajo coste en relación al coste de las fibras continuas. Since the idea of recycling composite materials was conceived, the biggest challenge has been to develop a cost-effective recycling process. Technological advances have developed carbon recycling methodologies, obtaining at the end of the recycling process chopped or ground fibers, called short fibers, which prevents their reuse for structural applications. While it is true that the main advantage is its low cost in relation to the cost of continuous fibers.

Actualmente la demanda de fibra de carbono corta est� incrementando, especialmente en aplicaciones donde el ahorro de costes asociados con la reutilización de la fibra es la etapa principal a la vez que se tratan de aplicaciones no estructurales donde el empleo de fibras cortas puede ser una solución. Currently, the demand for short carbon fiber is increasing, especially in applications where the cost savings associated with the reuse of fiber is the main stage while dealing with non-structural applications where the use of short fibers can be a solution.

Las técnicas actuales que permiten reciclar la fibra de carbono con resina termoestable se pueden clasificar en tres grandes grupos: mecánicos, físicos y químicos. Current techniques that allow the carbon fiber to be recycled with thermosetting resin can be classified into three main groups: mechanical, physical and chemical.

Dentro de los procesos mecánicos nos encontramos la trituración para la obtención de polvo o de fibra triturada. A partir de polvo y fibra triturada mediante la incorporación de resina puede obtenerse productos secundarios de reciclado. Within the mechanical processes we find the crushing to obtain powder or crushed fiber. From recycled powder and fiber by the incorporation of resin, secondary recycle products can be obtained.

Los métodos físicos son principalmente la term�lisis. Es decir la separación de la resina cuando se somete a un proceso térmico. En el reciclaje de la fibra de carbono el tipo de term�lisis más utilizado es la pirolisis, degradación de la resina por calentamiento y en ausencia de oxígeno. Con frecuencia se realiza la pirolisis al vacío. Al calentar en el vacío se puede reducir el punto de Physical methods are mainly thermolysis. That is to say the separation of the resin when it is subjected to a thermal process. In the recycling of carbon fiber the most commonly used type of thermolysis is pyrolysis, degradation of the resin by heating and in the absence of oxygen. Pyrolysis is often performed under vacuum. By heating in a vacuum, the point of

5 ebullición de los compuestos. Con frecuencia se combinan procesos de pirolisis con gasificaci�n para obtener la revalorizaci�n energética del proceso. 5 boiling of the compounds. Pyrolysis and gasification processes are often combined to obtain the energy revaluation of the process.

Los métodos químicos se caracterizan en general por proveer de fibras de mejor calidad. En este caso se induce la rotura del pol�mero termoestable por acción del disolvente. Además de Chemical methods are generally characterized by providing better quality fibers. In this case, the rupture of the thermostable polymer is induced by the solvent. In addition to

10 solv�lisis también se ha propuesto el reciclaje de la fibra de carbono mediante hidrólisis por medio supercrítico. En este sentido se han utilizado alcoholes tanto en condiciones supercríticas como subcríticas. Solvolysis has also proposed the recycling of carbon fiber by hydrolysis by supercritical means. In this sense, alcohols have been used both in supercritical and subcritical conditions.

En la siguiente tabla se reúnen las 94 patentes más relacionadas con la temática. Importante 15 remarcar que ninguna de ellas realiza ningún tratamiento similar al propuesto en esta patente. The following table shows the 94 patents most related to the subject. Important 15 note that none of them perform any treatment similar to that proposed in this patent.

s s
PUBLICATION NUMBER TITLE ASSIGNEE-DWPI PUBLICATION YEAR PUBLICATION NUMBER TITLE  ASSIGNEE-DWPI PUBLICATION YEAR

1 one
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2 2
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3 3
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4 4
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5 5
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6 6
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7 7
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8 8
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9 9
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10 10
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11 eleven
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12 12
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13 13
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14 14
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15 fifteen
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16 16
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17 17
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18 18
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19 19
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20 s 20 s
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21 twenty-one
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22 22
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23 2. 3
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24 24
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25 25
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26 26
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27 27
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28 28
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29 29
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30 30
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31 31
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33 33
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35 35
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36 36
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38 38
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39 39
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40 40
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41 s 41 s
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43 43
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46 46
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PROBLEMA TÉCNICO PLANTEADO TECHNICAL PROBLEM PROPOSED

5 Existe una gran variedad de procedimientos físico-químicos que permiten eliminar la resina de fibra de carbono y recuperar la fibra de carbono, generalmente en forma de fibras cortas, para su posterior empleo en piezas no estructurales. Puede afirmarse que todos los procesos de reciclado descritos hasta el momento tratan de la misma forma el tejido preimpregnado caducado que piezas de fibra de carbono curadas. 5 There is a wide variety of physical-chemical procedures that allow carbon fiber resin to be removed and carbon fiber recovered, usually in the form of short fibers, for later use in non-structural parts. It can be said that all the recycling processes described so far treat the expired preimpregnated fabric in the same way as cured carbon fiber parts.

10 Actualmente el tejido preimpregnado de carbono es considerado como peligroso debido a la resina y se trata con técnicas drásticas de reciclado que eliminan por degradación química o térmica la resina. De hecho a efectos prácticos, el material caducado en reservado en las instalaciones hasta que es recogido por una empresa especializada de residuos, se tratan de los mismos procesos utilizados para recuperar fibra de carbono a partir de elementos curados de fibra de carbono. Se trata de un proceso que requiere de una gran energía. 10 Pre-impregnated carbon fabric is currently considered dangerous due to the resin and is treated with drastic recycling techniques that eliminate the resin by chemical or thermal degradation. In fact for practical purposes, the expired material reserved in the facilities until it is collected by a specialized waste company, these are the same processes used to recover carbon fiber from cured carbon fiber elements. It is a process that requires great energy.

VENTAJA TÉCNICA DE LA INVENCIÓN TECHNICAL ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION

La principal ventaja que ofrece el proceso planteado es la recuperación de a fibra a un menor coste energético. En lugar de transformar los componentes de la resina en compuestos volátiles a elevada temperatura, el proceso elimina la resina aplicando presión y haciendo fluir la misma entre las fibras de carbono. Por último se somete a un proceso de lavado con disolvente para eliminar cualquier resto de resina. The main advantage offered by the process is the recovery of fiber at a lower energy cost. Instead of transforming the resin components into volatile compounds at high temperature, the process eliminates the resin by applying pressure and making it flow between the carbon fibers. Finally, it undergoes a solvent washing process to remove any remaining resin.

EXPLICACI�N DE LA INVENCIÓN EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

El proceso propuesto de reciclaje es aplicable durante el estadio que la resina se encuentra The proposed recycling process is applicable during the stage that the resin is

ss

caducada, parcialmente polimerizada pero no totalmente. De forma que dicha eliminación es un proceso mas simple energéticamente comparado con la eliminación una vez que se encuentra completamente polimerizada. Se basa en que durante el periodo que la ha caducado pero que aún no ha polimerizado completamente, la resina puede fluir y eliminarse con gradientes de temperatura y presión as� como con lavado químico, disolventes que disuelve la resina. Expired, partially polymerized but not completely. So such elimination is a simpler process that is energetically compared to elimination once it is completely polymerized. It is based on the fact that during the period that has expired but not yet fully polymerized, the resin can flow and be removed with temperature and pressure gradients as well as with chemical washing, solvents that dissolve the resin.

Una de las ventajas es la recuperación de la fibra de carbono sin perder su integridad y manteniendo su longitud original. Para ello el proceso presenta una configuración que permiten las siguientes acciones: One of the advantages is the recovery of carbon fiber without losing its integrity and maintaining its original length. For this, the process presents a configuration that allows the following actions:

••
Zona de introducción de fibra de carbono preimpregnada (1)  Introduction zone of preimpregnated carbon fiber (1)

••
Zona de calentamiento del sistema para disminuir la viscosidad de la resina (2)  Heating zone of the system to reduce the viscosity of the resin (2)

••
Entradas y salidas de aire para gradiente de temperatura (7, 8, 9)  Air inlets and outlets for temperature gradient (7, 8, 9)

••
Resistencias (10) y placas microperforadas con resistencias (11) para incremento de temperatura.  Resistors (10) and microperforated plates with resistors (11) for temperature increase.

••
Aplicación de presión moderada a las fibras sobre las placas micorperforadas mediante unos rodillos prensadores (12). A través de los poros pasar� la resina y se recoger� en la parte inferior para que polimerice de forma que transformemos un producto potencial tóxico y peligroso en un residuo inerte.  Application of moderate pressure to the fibers on the micorperforated plates by means of pressing rollers (12). The resin will pass through the pores and will be collected at the bottom to polymerize so that we transform a potential toxic and dangerous product into an inert residue.

••
A través de la placa porosa se aplicar� vacío (13) para succionar y ayudar a fluir la resina. La resina se recoge en un compartimiento inferior donde polimeriza para ser posteriormente tratado como residuo inerte (14).  Vacuum (13) will be applied through the porous plate to suck and help the resin flow. The resin is collected in a lower compartment where it polymerizes to be subsequently treated as an inert residue (14).

••
En la zona de transferencia entre la zona de eliminación de la resina y la zona inferior la resina es sobrecalentada para activar su polimerizaci�n. El gradiente de temperatura se estima en unos 50 grados.  In the transfer zone between the resin removal zone and the lower zone the resin is superheated to activate its polymerization. The temperature gradient is estimated at about 50 degrees.

••
La fibra pasa por una zona de enfriamiento, estabilizando la temperatura (3)  The fiber passes through a cooling zone, stabilizing the temperature (3)

••
Etapa de limpieza de resina con disolvente (4) mediante un sistema de goteo (condensación) (15), resistencias (18) y calentamiento de disolvente (evaporación) (17).  Resin cleaning stage with solvent (4) by means of a drip (condensation) system (15), resistors (18) and solvent heating (evaporation) (17).

••
El proceso debe contener una etapa de secado donde se retiren los excesos de disolvente (5).  The process must contain a drying stage where excess solvent is removed (5).

• •
El rollo de tejido preimpregnado situado es la bobina de entrada de carbono va circulando por la maquina donde se realiza el proceso a patentar (16), y a la salida se bobina de nuevo (6). The roll of prepreg fabric located is the carbon inlet coil circulates through the machine where the process to be patented is carried out (16), and at the exit it is rewound (6).

5 El sistema es eficiente para aplicar en aquellos casos que el material ha caducado pero que la resina ha sufrido poca polimerizaci�n de forma que puede fluir al ser sobrecalentada y al aplicar una ligera presión. 5 The system is efficient to apply in those cases that the material has expired but that the resin has undergone little polymerization so that it can flow when superheated and when applying light pressure.

En aquellos casos que se requiera una eliminación más exhaustiva de la resina, el sistema In those cases that require a more thorough removal of the resin, the system

10 permite el acoplamiento de una unidad de lavado con disolvente como por ejemplo acetona. La fibra una vez que ha pasado por la zona de eliminación de resina y presenta un contenido bajo de resina, inferior al 10%, puede someterse a un lavado en acetona para reducir aún más el contenido en resina. El lavado en resina se efectúa a temperatura moderada. El proceso de limpieza con acetona es similar al paso por un baño de acetona. Este módulo se encuentra 10 allows the coupling of a solvent washing unit such as acetone. Once the fiber has passed through the resin removal zone and has a low resin content, less than 10%, it can be washed in acetone to further reduce the resin content. The resin washing is carried out at a moderate temperature. The acetone cleaning process is similar to going through an acetone bath. This module is located

15 sellado con una corriente pequeña de aire que arrastra los vapores hasta una trampa refrigerada y por una zona de filtros de carbón activo que evitan la emisión de gases y compuestos orgánicos. 15 sealed with a small stream of air that draws the vapors into a refrigerated trap and through an area of activated carbon filters that prevent the emission of gases and organic compounds.

s s

Claims (14)

REIVINDICACIONES
1. one.
Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado por ser aplicable a tejidos de carbono preimpregnados caducados pero no polimerizados completamente, Carbon fiber recovery process characterized by being applicable to preimpregnated carbon fabrics expired but not fully polymerized,
2. 2.
Proceso según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado por eliminar la resina termoestable de dichos tejidos y proceder a su polimerizaci�n e inertizaci�n. Process according to claim 1 characterized by removing the thermosetting resin from said tissues and proceeding with their polymerization and inertization.
3. 3.
Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado por comprender las siguientes Carbon fiber recovery process characterized by understanding the following
etapas de tratamiento: treatment stages:
--
Calentamiento y gradiente de presión para fluidizar la resina (2) Heating and pressure gradient to fluidize the resin (2)
--
Lavado con disolvente sobre el material calentado, usándose por ejemplo acetona, para Washing with solvent on the heated material, using for example acetone, for
la eliminación de las últimas trazas de resina (4) -Secado de la fibra de carbono para eliminar las trazas de disolvente (5) -Enrollado final para recuperar el tejido en las dimensiones originales del carbono (6) the removal of the last traces of resin (4) - Drying of the carbon fiber to eliminate traces of solvent (5) - Final winding to recover the tissue in the original carbon dimensions (6) 4. Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado por realizarse a una temperatura entre 90 – 120�C para lograr la suficiente fluidez de la resina. 4. Carbon fiber recovery process characterized by being carried out at a temperature between 90 - 120�C to achieve sufficient fluidity of the resin. s s
5. 5.
Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado por ejercer una presión mecánica sobre la fibra de carbono adaptándose al tipo de tejido y a su densidad; siendo dicha presión lo mas alta posible para eliminar la mayor parte de la resina y además ser lo suficientemente pequeña para no producir daños irreversibles en la fibra. Carbon fiber recovery process characterized by exerting a mechanical pressure on the carbon fiber adapting to the type of fabric and its density; said pressure being as high as possible to remove most of the resin and also be small enough not to cause irreversible damage to the fiber.
6. 6.
Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado por sobrecalentar la resina para promover su polimerizaci�n (10) Carbon fiber recovery process characterized by overheating the resin to promote its polymerization (10)
7. 7.
Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado porque presenta la posibilidad de recuperar y reutilizar el disolvente mediante un proceso de destilación en continuo (17) Carbon fiber recovery process characterized by the possibility of recovering and reusing the solvent through a continuous distillation process (17)
8. 8.
Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado porque se desarrolla en un equipo diseñado específicamente para tal fin, donde pueden tratarse los rollos de fibra de carbono. Carbon fiber recovery process characterized in that it is developed in a team designed specifically for this purpose, where carbon fiber rolls can be treated.
9. 9.
Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado porque se desarrolla en un equipo según se indica en la reivindicación 8 cuyo funcionamiento es continuo con todas sus partes funcionando de forma sincronizadas. Carbon fiber recovery process characterized in that it is developed in an equipment as indicated in claim 8 whose operation is continuous with all its parts operating in synchronized fashion.
10. 10.
Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado porque se desarrolla en un equipo según se indica en la reivindicación 8 donde toda la zona de lavado (4) se encuentra sellada y con sistemas de filtración adecuados para evitar la liberación de compuestos orgánicos volátiles al medio ambiente. Carbon fiber recovery process characterized in that it is developed in an equipment as indicated in claim 8 where the entire washing zone (4) is sealed and with adequate filtration systems to prevent the release of volatile organic compounds into the environment .
11. eleven.
Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado porque se desarrolla en un equipo según se indica en la reivindicación 8 donde los módulos de eliminación de resina (2) y el módulo de lavado con disolvente (4) son módulos fácilmente acoplables. Carbon fiber recovery process characterized in that it is carried out in an equipment as indicated in claim 8 wherein the resin removal modules (2) and the solvent wash module (4) are easily attachable modules.
12. 12.
Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado porque se desarrolla en un equipo según se indica en la reivindicación 8 donde el ancho de rollo (1) de tejido preimpregnado a tratar est� comprendido entre 1 y 1.5 m. Carbon fiber recovery process characterized in that it is developed in an equipment as indicated in claim 8 wherein the width of roll (1) of prepreg tissue to be treated is between 1 and 1.5 m.
5 13. Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado porque se desarrolla en un equipo según se indica en la reivindicación 8 donde se utilizan unos rodillos móviles (12) con la superficie tratada para evitar la adhesión de resina y que permiten ejercer la presión mecánica. 5 13. Carbon fiber recovery process characterized in that it is carried out in an equipment as indicated in claim 8 where mobile rollers (12) are used with the treated surface to avoid resin adhesion and which allow to exert the mechanical pressure . 14. Proceso de recuperación de fibra de carbono caracterizado por desarrollarse en un equipo 14. Carbon fiber recovery process characterized by developing in a team 10 según reivindicación 8, y que con una sencilla modificación podrían tratarse retales o trozos de tejido de fibra de carbono además de tejido continuo, manteniendo las mismas etapas de la reivindicación 3 excepto la etapa de “Enrollado final para recuperar el tejido en las dimensiones originales del carbono (6)” 10 according to claim 8, and that with a simple modification could be treated remnants or pieces of carbon fiber fabric in addition to continuous fabric, maintaining the same stages of claim 3 except the "Final winding" step to recover the tissue in the original dimensions carbon (6) ” s s Figura 1: Esquema general del Proceso Figure 1: General Process Outline 6 6 Figura 2: Configuración modular del proceso y posible máquina Figure 2: Modular configuration of the process and possible machine s s OFICINA ESPAÑOLA DE PATENTES Y MARCAS SPANISH OFFICE OF THE PATENTS AND BRAND N.� solicitud: 201230396 Application No.: 201230396 ESPA�A SPAIN Fecha de presentación de la solicitud: 15.03.2012 Date of submission of the application: 15.03.2012 Fecha de prioridad: Priority Date: INFORME SOBRE EL ESTADO DE LA TECNICA REPORT ON THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE 51 Int. Cl. : Ver Hoja Adicional 51 Int. Cl.: See Additional Sheet DOCUMENTOS RELEVANTES RELEVANT DOCUMENTS
Categor�a Category
56 Documentos citados Reivindicaciones afectadas 56 Documents cited Claims Affected
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"Recycling carbon fibre reinforced polymers for structural applications: Technology review andmarket outlook". SORAIA PIMENTA, SILVESTRE T. PINHO.WASTE Management. Volume 31, Issue 2, February 2011, Pages 378–392. 1-14 "Recycling carbon fiber reinforced polymers for structural applications: Technology review andmarket outlook". SORAIA PIMENTA, SILVESTRE T. PINHO.WASTE Management. Volume 31, Issue 2, February 2011, Pages 378–392. 1-14
A TO
"Recycling of composite materials". YONGXIANG YANG. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification. Volume 51, January 2012, Pages 53–68. 1-14 "Recycling of composite materials". YONGXIANG YANG. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification. Volume 51, January 2012, Pages 53–68. 1-14
A TO
"Integrated Composite Recycling Process”. J-M. GOSAU, T. F. WESLEY, and R. E. ALLRED. Proc. 38th. SAMPE Tech. Conf., Dallas, TX, November 7-9, 2006. 1-14 "Integrated Composite Recycling Process." J-M. GOSAU, T. F. WESLEY, and R. E. ALLRED. Proc. 38th. SAMPE Tech. Conf., Dallas, TX, November 7-9, 2006. 1-14
Categor�a de los documentos citados X: de particular relevancia Y: de particular relevancia combinado con otro/s de la misma categoría A: refleja el estado de la técnica O: referido a divulgación no escrita P: publicado entre la fecha de prioridad y la de presentación de la solicitud E: documento anterior, pero publicado después de la fecha de presentación de la solicitud Category of the documents cited X: of particular relevance Y: of particular relevance combined with other / s of the same category A: reflects the state of the art O: refers to unwritten disclosure P: published between the priority date and the submission of the application E: previous document, but published after the date of submission of the application
El presente informe ha sido realizado • para todas las reivindicaciones • para las reivindicaciones n�: This report has been prepared • for all claims • for claims no:
Fecha de realización del informe 11.06.2013 Date of realization of the report 11.06.2013
Examinador E. Arias Perez-Ilzarbe Página 1/4 Examiner E. Arias Perez-Ilzarbe Page 1/4
INFORME DEL ESTADO DE LA TÉCNICA REPORT OF THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE N� de solicitud: 201230396 Application number: 201230396 CLASIFICACI�N OBJETO DE LA SOLICITUD B29B17/02 (2006.01) CLASSIFICATION OBJECT OF THE APPLICATION B29B17 / 02 (2006.01) B29B13/02 (2006.01) C08J11/06 (2006.01) Documentación mínima buscada (sistema de clasificación seguido de los símbolos de clasificación) B29B13 / 02 (2006.01) C08J11 / 06 (2006.01) Minimum documentation sought (classification system followed by classification symbols) B29B, C08J B29B, C08J Bases de datos electrónicas consultadas durante la búsqueda (nombre de la base de datos y, si es posible, términos de búsqueda utilizados) INVENES, EPODOC Electronic databases consulted during the search (name of the database and, if possible, terms of search used) INVENTIONS, EPODOC Informe del Estado de la Técnica Página 2/4 State of the Art Report Page 2/4 OPINI�N ESCRITA  WRITTEN OPINION N� de solicitud: 201230396 Application number: 201230396 Fecha de Realización de la Opinión Escrita: 11.06.2013 Date of Completion of Written Opinion: 06.11.2013 Declaraci�n Statement
Novedad (Art. 6.1 LP 11/1986) Novelty (Art. 6.1 LP 11/1986)
Reivindicaciones 1-14 Reivindicaciones SI NO Claims 1-14 Claims IF NOT
Actividad inventiva (Art. 8.1 LP11/1986) Inventive activity (Art. 8.1 LP11 / 1986)
Reivindicaciones 1-14 Reivindicaciones SI NO Claims 1-14 Claims IF NOT
Se considera que la solicitud cumple con el requisito de aplicación industrial. Este requisito fue evaluado durante la fase de examen formal y técnico de la solicitud (Artículo 31.2 Ley 11/1986). The application is considered to comply with the industrial application requirement. This requirement was evaluated during the formal and technical examination phase of the application (Article 31.2 Law 11/1986). Base de la Opinión.-  Opinion Base.- La presente opinión se ha realizado sobre la base de la solicitud de patente tal y como se publica. This opinion has been made on the basis of the patent application as published. Informe del Estado de la Técnica Página 3/4 State of the Art Report Page 3/4 OPINI�N ESCRITA  WRITTEN OPINION N� de solicitud: 201230396 Application number: 201230396 1. Documentos considerados.-1. Documents considered.- A continuación se relacionan los documentos pertenecientes al estado de la técnica tomados en consideración para la realización de esta opinión. The documents belonging to the state of the art taken into consideration for the realization of this opinion are listed below.
Documento Document
Número Publicación o Identificación Fecha Publicación Publication or Identification Number publication date
D01 D01
WO 2012172357 A1 (UNIV NOTTINGHAM ) 20.12.2012 WO 2012172357 A1 (UNIV NOTTINGHAM) 12/20/2012
D02 D02
US 2003092783 A (UDAGAWA YOSHITAKA ) 15.05.2003 US 2003092783 A (UDAGAWA YOSHITAKA) 05.15.2003
D03 D03
EP 1160068 B1 (DAIMLER CHRYSLER AG ) 05.12.2001 EP 1160068 B1 (DAIMLER CHRYSLER AG) 05.12.2001
D04 D04
"Recycling Carbon Fibre reinforced polymers for structural applications: Technology review andmarket outlook". SORAIA PIMENTA, SILVESTRE T. PINHO.WASTE Management. Volume 31, Issue 2, February 2011, Pages 378–392. 01.02.2011 "Recycling Carbon Fiber reinforced polymers for structural applications: Technology review andmarket outlook". SORAIA PIMENTA, SILVESTRE T. PINHO.WASTE Management. Volume 31, Issue 2, February 2011, Pages 378–392. 02.01.2011
D05 D05
"RECYCLING OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS". YONGXIANG YANG. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification. Volume 51, January 2012, Pages 53–68. 01.01.2012 "RECYCLING OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS". YONGXIANG YANG. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification. Volume 51, January 2012, Pages 53–68. 01.01.2012
D06 D06
"Integrated Composite Recycling Process”. J-M. GOSAU , T. F. WESLEY, and R. E. ALLRED. Proc. 38th. SAMPE Tech. Conf., Dallas, TX, November 7-9, 2006. 09.11.2006 "Integrated Composite Recycling Process." J-M. GOSAU, T. F. WESLEY, and R. E. ALLRED. Proc. 38th. SAMPE Tech. Conf., Dallas, TX, November 7-9, 2006. 09.11.2006
2. Declaración motivada según los artículos 29.6 y 29.7 del Reglamento de ejecución de la Ley 11/1986, de 20 de marzo, de Patentes sobre la novedad y la actividad inventiva; citas y explicaciones en apoyo de esta declaración 2. Statement motivated according to articles 29.6 and 29.7 of the Regulations for the execution of Law 11/1986, of March 20, on Patents on novelty and inventive activity; quotes and explanations in support of this statement El objeto de la invención es un proceso para la recuperación de fibra de carbono a partir de tejidos o cintas preimpregnadas, que permite la separación por un lado de la fibra con un contenido en resina muy bajo y por otro de la resina en forma de residuo inerte. Para ello se combinan varios tratamientos: por un lado se aplica un gradiente de temperatura entre 90� y 120� combinado con una presión mecánica, y para reducir al máximo el contenido de resina en las fibras, se someten a una última fase de lavado con disolventes como acetona. The object of the invention is a process for the recovery of carbon fiber from pre-impregnated fabrics or tapes, which allows the separation on the one hand of the fiber with a very low resin content and on the other of the resin as a residue inert. For this, several treatments are combined: on the one hand a temperature gradient between 90� and 120� is applied combined with a mechanical pressure, and to minimize the resin content in the fibers, they are subjected to a final washing phase with solvents like acetone. El incremento exponencial en la utilización de materiales compuestos en los sectores aeronáutico y de automoci�n, as� como la preocupación medioambiental ha determinado el desarrollo de diversas tecnologías para el reciclado y recuperación de estos materiales, que se agrupan en tres grandes apartados: reciclado mecánico, químico y térmico, siendo la invención una combinación de las mismas. Aunque podría indicarse que la tecnología básica es de tipo térmico, pues inicialmente se aplica un gradiente de temperatura a través de corrientes de aire en un intervalo entre 90� y 120�. The exponential increase in the use of composite materials in the aeronautical and automotive sectors, as well as the environmental concern has determined the development of various technologies for the recycling and recovery of these materials, which are grouped into three main sections: recycling mechanical, chemical and thermal, the invention being a combination thereof. Although it could be indicated that the basic technology is of the thermal type, since initially a temperature gradient is applied through air currents in a range between 90� and 120�. Los documentos D01 a D07 son los que se consideran más representativos del estado de la técnica, y en ellos de encuentran descritas diversas tecnologías. Documents D01 to D07 are those that are considered most representative of the state of the art, and in them various technologies are described. El documento D01 describe el tratamiento de un material polim�rico compuesto (reforzado con fibra de carbono) en lecho fluidizado a una temperatura entorno a los 450�, muy superior al objeto de la invención. Document D01 describes the treatment of a composite polymeric material (reinforced with carbon fiber) in a fluidized bed at a temperature around 450�, much higher than the object of the invention. El documento D02 parte de un material diferente al del objeto de la invención (material compuesto que incluye carbón negro y goma) que es sometido a un tratamiento en varias etapas: calentamiento (220�-400), presión y extracción con un disolvente. Aunque se trata de un proceso que combina etapas similares a las del objeto de la invención, el material de partida y las condiciones en que se realizan son muy diferentes. Document D02 is based on a material different from that of the object of the invention (composite material that includes black carbon and rubber) which is subjected to a multi-stage treatment: heating (220-400), pressure and extraction with a solvent. Although it is a process that combines stages similar to those of the object of the invention, the starting material and the conditions in which they are performed are very different. El documento D03 describe la recuperación de fibras de un material compuesto a partir del calentamiento con microondas y la extracción con disolventes, pero no se realiza una etapa de presión. Document D03 describes the recovery of fibers of a composite material from microwave heating and solvent extraction, but a pressure step is not performed. Los documentos D04-D06 corresponden a revisiones bibliográficas sobre el reciclado de materiales compuestos, donde se analizan las distintas tecnologías que se emplean en este ámbito pero ninguna de ellas coincide con el objeto de la invención. Documents D04-D06 correspond to bibliographic reviews on the recycling of composite materials, where the different technologies used in this field are analyzed but none of them coincide with the object of the invention. Ninguno de los documentos anteriores muestra un proceso como el reivindicado en las reivindicaciones 1 a 7. Además no sería obvio para una persona experta en la materia concebir un proceso como el de la invención, en el que se aplica una temperatura notablemente inferior a la habitual, y por ello se considera que las reivindicaciones 1 a 7 cumplen con los requisitos de novedad y altura inventiva. None of the above documents shows a process as claimed in claims 1 to 7. Furthermore, it would not be obvious for a person skilled in the art to conceive a process such as that of the invention, in which a temperature significantly lower than usual is applied. , and therefore claims 1 to 7 are considered to meet the requirements of novelty and inventive height. De la misma forma las reivindicaciones 8 a 14, que describen un equipo donde llevar a cabo este proceso, también cumplen con los requisitos de novedad y altura inventiva. In the same way, claims 8 to 14, which describe an equipment where to carry out this process, also meet the requirements of novelty and inventive height. Informe del Estado de la Técnica Página 4/4 State of the Art Report Page 4/4
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