ES2419386T3 - Raceway and procedure to produce precast concrete slabs - Google Patents

Abstract

Raceway for rail vehicles, in which individual prefabricated concrete plates (8, 11-16) that have a longitudinal extension greater than their transverse extension are arranged on a bearing layer, are aligned in a predetermined position and are rejoined in this position with a grouting mass, and the raceway has a bypass needle (1) with a main part (6) and an end part (7) in which a main track (4) and at least one track run secondary (5), characterized in that in the area of the diverting needle (1) the prefabricated concrete plates (11-16) are laid in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction, so that, transversely to the track layout, the main track (4) and the secondary track (5) are arranged on a prefabricated concrete plate (11-16).

Description

Raceway and procedure to produce precast concrete slabs

The present invention concerns a raceway for railway vehicles in which individual prefabricated concrete plates, which have a longitudinal extension greater than their transverse extension, are arranged on a supporting layer, are aligned in a predetermined position and are rejoined in this position with a grouting mass, and the raceway has a diverting needle with a main part and an end part in which a main track and at least one secondary track run, as well as a procedure for producing such prefabricated plates of concrete, in which each precast concrete plate is concreted in a formwork.

Document DE 69 45 362 U is known as a set of construction elements for a rail bearing plate for diverting needles. In this case, base plates are provided that have protrusions on which mobile rail elements are guided. The base plates are of relatively complicated construction to be able to satisfy the requirements imposed on the guidance of the mobile rail elements. The appearance of the different components of the motherboards does not appear from the publication of this document. Nor can it be deduced from it the way in which the different plates are laid on the road infrastructure.

Document DE 44 28 163 C1 discloses a method for producing a fixed tread bed in the area of the diverting needle, in which a bearing layer is continuously driven beyond the area of the diverting needle and a main track part of the needle on the supporting layer. A secondary part of the needle is then incorporated. The main track part and the secondary track part are components manufactured independently of each other, which are complicated in shape and can only be transported with difficulty as precast concrete parts.

Therefore, the task of the invention is to create a raceway with prefabricated concrete plates and a process for producing prefabricated concrete plates for a raceway in a bypass needle area, in which with only insignificant modifications they can produce prefabricated concrete plates easily and quickly and these allow configurations of individual bypass needles.

The problem is solved with a raceway and a method according to the independent claims.

According to the invention, a raceway for rail vehicles has individual prefabricated concrete plates that have a longitudinal extension greater than their transverse extension. Precast concrete slabs are arranged on a supporting layer and are aligned in a certain position, almost always with spindles. In this aligned position, they are grouting with the supporting layer by means of a grouting mass. The raceway may be provided for a fixed raceway intended for high-speed trains, but also for tram tracks.

A bypass needle in the raceway has a main part and an end part, in which a main track and at least one secondary track run. Depending on the type of bypass needle, it is also possible that several secondary pathways are present. The invention can also be applied to a crossover needle in which, similarly, one pathway forms the main pathway and the other pathway forms the secondary pathway.

According to the invention, the prefabricated concrete parts are configured so that they are laid in the area of the diverting needle both in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction. This means that prefabricated concrete slabs that have a longitudinal extension are manufactured, as necessary, so that, when laid, they have, seen in the direction of the track, a larger longitudinal extension or a greater transverse extension. Prefabricated concrete slabs can be used that are strongly similar to each other in their constitution. An industrial production of precast concrete slabs can be carried out very simply and quickly, since the different prefabricated concrete slabs required for a bypass needle certainly differ from each other, but coincide in their basic constitution to the point that they can be produced in the same manufacturing device or in at least one very similar manufacturing device.

It is especially advantageous if the prefabricated concrete plates have a size with which they are laid in the longitudinal direction in the main part of the diverting needle. In the main part of the diverting needle it is fulfilled that this diverting needle has a relatively small width that can be bridged well by a longitudinal laying of the prefabricated concrete plates.

In the final part of the diverting needle this needle is substantially wider than in its main part. Therefore, it is advantageous that the prefabricated concrete plates found at the end of the diverter needle are laid in the transverse direction. This means that, in the direction of the track layout, the precast concrete slabs have a length smaller than their width. In this way, until the end of the diverting needle, in which the normal layout of the rails with usual prefabricated concrete plates comes standard, it is possible to arrange both tracks, that is, the main track and the track secondary, on a plate.

Both in the main part of the diverting needle and in its final part, the individual plates have dimensions that do not exceed a certain maximum size. Therefore, industrial production of these precast concrete slabs is possible, almost as a mass production. The same manufacturing devices can be used for each of the different precast concrete slabs that are needed for a bypass needle.

Advantageously, the support layer consists of a frost protection layer and a cleaning layer. Precast concrete slabs line up on the cleaning layer, which consists of a layer of unarmed concrete, and then immobilize with the grout mass.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the grout mass is a layer of concrete mixed on site with armor. The reinforcement is laid on a cleaning layer before the precast concrete plate is seated and aligned. Next, the cavity between the prefabricated concrete plate and the cleaning layer is laterally formed and the cavity is finally filled with concrete. The position of the precast concrete plate is thus immobilized.

In order to obtain a particularly good connection of the prefabricated concrete plate with the concrete layer mixed on site and, therefore, with the prefabricated concrete plates adjoining through the concrete layer mixed on site, the prefabricated plates of concrete are provided with a connection framework. The connection reinforcement penetrates the mixed concrete layer on site and, in an especially advantageous embodiment, is connected with the reinforcement of the concrete layer mixed on site, for example through transverse rods. This produces an intimate and lasting union.

Alternatively or additionally, threaded steel bars may be provided by means of which prefabricated concrete plates are secured adjacent to each other. This also produces a solid union of the prefabricated concrete plates that form the raceway with each other and a fixation of their position. The connection by means of threaded steel bars is possible only where the constitution of the bypass needle permits. In this way, at least in part, especially in the main part and in the final part of the diverter needle, a continuous coherent tread is also produced based on precast concrete slabs. Especially in areas where adjustment of the bypass needle is necessary, a union of the different prefabricated concrete plates with threaded steel bars is dispensed with. At least here the connection by means of the described connection frame is preferable.

In order to be able to make a union of the prefabricated concrete plates with threaded steel bars in a simple way it is advantageous that the threaded steel bars are arranged substantially in the direction of the track. Thus, on the one hand, in the area of the diverting needle, prefabricated concrete plates are installed in which the threaded steel bars run along the longitudinal extension of the prefabricated concrete plates, but, on the other hand , other precast concrete plates are also provided in which the threaded steel bars run rather towards the longitudinal extension of the prefabricated concrete plates. The first is what happens advantageously in the main part of the diverting needle, while the latter takes place in the final part of the diverting needle, in which the prefabricated concrete plates are laid in the transverse direction.

In order to obtain a continuous path of the raceway, it is advantageous that the outer contour of the prefabricated concrete plates substantially corresponds to the layout of the main track and the secondary track. This is obtained by a peripheral surface of the prefabricated concrete plate in which at least one outer side does not run at right angles to the two adjacent outer sides of the prefabricated concrete slab.

If the prefabricated concrete plate has holes on its upper side, the rail fasteners can be fastened there, especially screws and dowels or screws and nuts. Drills can be practiced individually on the precast concrete plate to accommodate the desired layout of the rails of both the main and secondary roads. Advantageously, these drills are made, after the production of the prefabricated concrete plate, at the necessary sites for the individual bypass needle.

When support benches that run substantially in the transverse direction to the rails and on which the rail fixings are attached or in which the drills for the rail fixations are made, are arranged on the prefabricated concrete plates, are present thus defined flat areas in which a secure fixation of the rails is possible. Between the support benches, sloping areas may be provided to achieve better drainage of rainwater and / or nominal breakage points in the precast concrete slab.

When the prefabricated concrete plates have nominal breaking points that are arranged transversely to the track layout, then assembly and use of the prefabricated concrete plates are guaranteed on the raceway that are durable and require little maintenance. There are no uncontrolled cracks in the prefabricated concrete slab, but these occur only in the area of the nominal breaking points that are planned for it. The bearing capacity of the precast concrete slab is not inadmissibly reduced.

In a process according to the invention to produce prefabricated concrete plates for a diverting needle of a raceway for rail vehicles, each precast concrete piece is concreted in a formwork that has a formwork floor with a dimension adjusted to a determined maximum measure of the prefabricated concrete plates, which is reduced for the production of individual prefabricated concrete plates destined to the diverting needle by fixing formwork walls on the formwork floor. If formwork molds for support benches that run transversely to the rear layout of the rails are provided on the formwork floor, the formwork molds for the support benches are then arranged on the formwork floor so that the support benches are aligned transversely to the rear layout of the rails.

The formwork has a determined maximum measure that is reduced for the production of individual prefabricated concrete slabs for the diverting needle. As a maximum measure dimensions are offered that correspond broadly to the dimensions of precast concrete slabs used in the normal layout of a path. Thus, lengths of up to about 10 meters and widths of up to about 4 meters are currently customary. The prefabricated concrete plates that are used in the diverter needle correspond to such a module. Therefore, precast concrete slabs are produced that have a length of up to 10 meters and a width of up to 4 meters or a length of up to 4 meters and a width of up to 10 meters, always seen in the direction of the track layout . Thus, an industrial production of prefabricated concrete plates that are needed in the area of a bypass needle is advantageously possible. This avoids the production of a large number of individual components not related to each other, as this is known from the state of the art.

The threaded steel bars for the production of prefabricated longitudinally and transversely laid concrete slabs can be placed discretionally, if necessary, in the longitudinal direction or in the transverse direction of the precast concrete slab. Of course, the same is also true for conformations that are combined with threaded steel bars, such as, for example, receptacles on the front sides of prefabricated concrete slabs or nominal breaking points that must be arranged transversely to the layout of the threaded steel bars.

The production of the prefabricated concrete plates is advantageously done by having the formwork present a device to receive the threaded steel bars and possibly other forming devices joined with the threaded steel bars, which can be rotated by 90 ° to produce prefabricated plates of longitudinally and transversely laid concrete.

Advantageously, after concreting the precast concrete plate holes are made in the plate to receive rail fixings. The exact route of the track, both of the main road and the secondary road, can thus be established after concreting. This provides special advantages for concreting precast concrete slabs, which is thus significantly simplified.

The fixing of the rails on the prefabricated concrete plate can be done by means of plugs arranged in the drills. However, as an alternative, it is also advantageous that, on the lower side of the prefabricated concrete plate, in the area of the holes, anchoring bodies for fixing screws are mounted before laying the prefabricated concrete plate. Tacos are dispensed with in this case. The anchoring bodies, for example nuts, are provisionally fixed to the prefabricated concrete plate and finally immobilized in the grouting mass. The provisional fixation device can be removed and replaced by the fixing of the rails.

It may also be advantageous if the holes for receiving rail fasteners are made in the plate only after laying the prefabricated concrete plates. In this way, the different plates are first fixedly fixed on the supporting layer and eventually aligned, immobilized and joined with one another.Only the holes in the plates are then made and the rail fasteners are fastened on them together with The lanes themselves. Thus, the exact layout of the tracks on the exactly laid raceway is established.

In order to be able to make a simple connection of the different prefabricated concrete plates with threaded steel bars after alignment and immobilization on the supporting layer, receptacles in which they terminate are provided on the front sides of the prefabricated concrete plates the threaded steel bars. In these receptacles the threaded steel bars are joined together, for example by means of fastening nuts, and these bars produce a firmly coherent concrete surface on which the tracks can be fixed in a durable manner.

In order to be able to prestress the threaded steel rods to a sufficient degree, they are advantageously covered at their ends, for example with contractile flexible tubes, to avoid a union with the concrete. In the area of these covers, threaded steel bars can be fastened and thus cause a strong pressing of two prefabricated concrete pieces adjacent to each other. The joining procedure of two of these adjacent prefabricated concrete parts has already been described in previous applicant's patent applications. However, the present application is, of course, not limited to these joining procedures. In particular, the connection through connecting reinforcements in the concrete layer mixed on site is also very advantageous.

Other advantages of the invention are described in relation to the following figures. They show:

5 Figure 1, a schematic plan view of a bypass needle,

Figure 2, a plan view of a prefabricated piece of longitudinally mounted concrete,

Figure 3, a section of a precast concrete piece,

Figure 4, a plan view of a prefabricated piece of cross-mounted concrete,

Figure 5, a section of another precast concrete piece and

10 Figure 6, a plan view of another prefabricated piece of cross-mounted concrete.

Figure 1 shows a plan view of a bypass needle 1 schematically represented which is configured in the form of a simple arc bypass needle. The diversion needle 1 has a beginning 2 and an end 3. It has a main path 4 and a secondary path 5. The diversion path 1 consists of a main part 6 and an end part 7 which is also called the heart. The main part 6 is associated with principle 2 of the needle

15 deviation, while the final part 7 is associated with the end 3 of the deviation needle. At the beginning 2 and at the end 3 of the diverting needle, both of the main track 4 and the secondary track, respective standard prefabricated concrete plates 8 are arranged, such as those usually used in the layout of a single journey.

In the area of the diverting needle 1 there are individual prefabricated concrete plates 11-16. All prefabricated concrete plates 11-16 correspond to a predetermined maximum module with respect to its length and width, for example 10 x 4 m. According to this module, in the area of the main part 6 of the diverting needle 1 the precast concrete plates 11, 12 and 13 are mounted in the direction of their length, while in the area of the final part 7 of the needle Bypass 1 the prefabricated concrete plates 14, 15 and 16 are mounted transversely. The prefabricated concrete plates 8 and 11-16 are all butt spliced with each other and can thus be joined together directly through threaded steel bars or indirectly through a connection frame and a layer of concrete mixed with footwork arranged below. Thanks to this joint, a continuous concrete strip is obtained on which the main track 4 and the secondary track 5 are constructed together with the diverting needle 1. However, in another embodiment not shown, it may also happen that some of the prefabricated plates of concrete 11-16 are arranged at a distance from each other to allow a free space for the activation of the diverter needle 1 and its mobile components. In this

In this case, the different prefabricated concrete plates 11-16 that are not joined with an adjacent prefabricated concrete plate are arranged in a particularly firm manner on the floor, that is, on the supporting layer.

While in the standard prefabricated concrete plates 8 the main track 4 and the secondary track 5 are conventionally fixed to protrusions 20 located in the precast concrete plate 8, the tracks are

35 fixed directly, in the area of the diverting needle 1, on the prefabricated concrete plates 11-16. This fixing is carried out, for example, in drilled holes that are made in the plates 11-16 before or after laying the prefabricated concrete plates 11-16. The tracks and parts of the diverting needle can be laid exactly by screwing them into the drilled holes.

Figure 2 shows a plan view of the prefabricated concrete plate 11 longitudinally laid.

40 On the front sides of the prefabricated concrete plate 11, receptacles 21 are arranged. In the receptacles 21 threaded steel bars 22 which are concreted into the prefabricated concrete plate 11. At the ends of the threaded steel bars 22 the prefabricated concrete plate 11 is fixedly connected to its adjacent prefabricated concrete plates 8 or 12 by screwing tensioners with the threaded steel bars 22 of the adjacent prefabricated concrete plates 8 and 12 in a known manner.

45 tensioning the threaded steel bars 22 by turning the tensioners. To obtain a sufficient tension, the threaded steel bars 22 are not fixedly connected with the prefabricated concrete plate 11 in the extreme areas thereof.

As can be deduced from Figure 3, the threaded steel bars 22 are provided with contractile flexible tubes 23 that allow a movement of the threaded steel bars 22 during tensioning with

50 with respect to the prefabricated concrete plate 11. Advantageously, the contractile flexible tubes 23 terminate in the area of nominal breaking points 24 so as not to bridge these or damage them in their action. The nominal breaking points 24 concentrate the inevitable cracks of the prefabricated concrete plate 11 over the area of the nominal breaking points 24. It is thus very easily possible to control the prefabricated concrete plate 11 as to its condition.

The nominal breaking points 24 are located in an area 25 that is constructed at a greater depth than that of the support benches 26. The zone 25 may have a slight slope, whereby a good drainage of the precast concrete plate is carried out 11. The support benches 26 form an area in which the rail fasteners are installed. They are preferably flat and allow individual drilling of the holes into which the screws for the rail fixings are introduced. After drilling the holes, nuts 27 acting as anchoring bodies are temporarily immobilized on the lower side of the prefabricated concrete plate 11 with fasteners 28. For reasons of greater clarity, only one nut 27 is shown. However, in each support bench 26 there are several of these anchoring bodies, specifically one for each rail. The nuts 27 are also finally embedded in the grouting layer after laying the prefabricated concrete plate 11 and are immobilized for final fixing with the fastening of the rails.

Figure 4 shows a plan view of the precast concrete plate 16. The constitution corresponds substantially to that of the precast concrete plate 11 of Figure 2. However, the fact that the precast concrete plate is different is different. 16 is incorporated transversely into the diverting needle 1, since the diverting needle 1 is relatively wide in the area of the final part 7. For the connection of the standard prefabricated concrete plates 8 of the main track 4 and the track Secondary 5, four packages with threaded steel bars 22 leading to the respective receptacles 21 are provided. In the prefabricated concrete plate 16, holes not shown are also made, with the aid of which the tracks and components are fixed. bypass needle 1 on precast concrete plate 16.

The threaded steel bars 22 that are associated with the secondary track 5 gradually end up in the prefabricated concrete plates 12-15 and are firmly immobilized therein to be able to deploy the tensioning action.

The prefabricated concrete plates 11-16 of the diverting needle 1 can be laid substantially the same as the standard prefabricated concrete plates 8. This means that in the prefabricated concrete plates 11-16 are incorporated, for example in a conventional manner, about spindles with which the height of the prefabricated concrete plates 11-16 over the bearing layer is regulated. After the adjustment has been carried out, the precast concrete plates 11-16 are immobilized on the supporting layer and with respect to each other. To this end, a lower grout mass is poured under the precast concrete plates 8 and 11-16 to obtain a fixed position of the precast concrete plates 8 and 11-16 with respect to the bearing layer. Then, these plates are mutually secured by means of threaded steel bars 22, whenever this is necessary and possible with respect to the internal structures of the diverting needle. Finally, the receptacles 21 are filled with concrete to permanently immobilize the position of the prefabricated concrete plates 11-16 with respect to each other.

Regarding the production of precast concrete slabs 11-16, the fact that they can be produced with a single basic formwork is significant. This basic formwork, which determines the maximum modulus with respect to length and width of the prefabricated concrete plates 11-16, is divided by means of intermediate walls that are also adjustable at their angle with respect to the remaining walls. It is thus possible to concrete prefabricated concrete plates smaller than those possible with maximum dimensions. The fundamental position of the threaded steel bars 22 and the receptacles 21 is not varied at all as long as the prefabricated concrete plates are provided for longitudinal mounting. However, if the prefabricated concrete plates produced for transverse mounting, the threaded steel bars 22 and the necessary receptacles 21 are needed, as well as the formwork molds for the support benches are then used turned 90 ° inside the formwork. A concrete precast component 14-16 is thus obtained during concreting in which the threaded steel bars 22 run transversely to the longitudinal extension of the precast concrete component 14-16 and the support benches run along said longitudinal extension. , and the receptacles 21 are arranged on the longitudinal side of the precast concrete component 14-16. In contrast to this, in the case of longitudinally mounted precast concrete plates 11-13, the threaded steel bars 22 are concreted along the longitudinal extension of the precast concrete plates 11-13, the receptacles 21 are located in the shorter front sides of the prefabricated concrete plates 11-13 and the support benches run transversely to the longitudinal extension of the prefabricated concrete plates 11-13. Whenever nominal breaking points 24 are provided on the plates, they are also rotated so that they also run transversely to the threaded steel bars 22 or to the longitudinal extension of the prefabricated concrete plates 11-13.

Figure 5 shows the fixing of a prefabricated concrete plate 11 by means of a connection reinforcement 30. The prefabricated concrete plate 11 is mounted on a frost protection layer 31. A cleaning layer 32 is applied to the frost protection layer 31, which is generally a strip of unarmed concrete. The precast concrete plate 11 is aligned with this cleaning layer 32 by means of spindles not shown. Between the cleaning layer 32 and the prefabricated concrete plate 11, a reinforcement 33 is laid. The reinforcement 33 reinforces a grouting layer 34 that is inserted between the precast concrete plate 11 and the cleaning layer 32 after aligning the prefabricated plate of concrete 11. To permanently immobilize the prefabricated concrete plate 11 on the grouting layer 34, the connection reinforcement 30 is provided. It penetrates the grouting layer 34 from the lower side of the precast concrete plate 11. By means of cross bars 35 a kind of toothed gear is made between the connection frame 30 and the frame 33.

As in Figure 3, the nut 27 is fixed here with the fixing device 28 on one of the support sides 26 in the necessary place. The nut 27 is embedded in the grout layer 34 and is thus immobilized. After consolidation of the grouting layer 34, the fixing device 28 can be removed and the proper fixing of the rails can be installed.

A plan view of a precast concrete plate is shown in Figure 6. It can be seen that the support benches 26 serve for the individual arrangement of rail fasteners 36. As necessary, the rail fastener 36 can be arranged on the support bench 26. An individual fixation of the tracks in the rail is thus made possible. Bypass needle area.

The present invention makes it possible that, on the one hand, the fastenings of the rails can already be assembled at the factory on the simple plates of the diverting needle and thus they can be arranged very precisely on the plates. However, in contrast to this, the present invention also makes it possible for the heart of the diverting needle to be mounted on site. The rail and the fixing of the same are supplied for this to the place of assembly, for example, forming a single piece and inserted there in the holes previously made in the prefabricated concrete plates.

Due to the invention, it is possible to create prefabricated concrete plates 11-16 with standardized methods and laying procedures that are each individual to create the bypass needle 1 and, nevertheless, have a similarity thanks to the which can be concreted in the same manufacturing devices.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown. Thus, other laying procedures other than those represented are possible. In addition, the prefabricated concrete components 1116 may already also include rail housings, so that the production of drills is not necessary after laying the precast concrete slabs 11-16 or this is only necessary to a limited extent. With the present invention multiple forms of diverting needles can be produced.

Claims (19)

1. Raceway for rail vehicles, in which individual prefabricated concrete plates (8, 11-16) that have a longitudinal extension greater than their transverse extension are arranged on a bearing layer, are aligned in a predetermined position and are grouting in this position with a grouting mass, and the raceway has a bypass needle (1) with a main part (6) and an end part (7) in which a main track (4) and at least one secondary track (5) run, characterized in that in the area of the diverting needle (1) the precast concrete plates (11-16) are laid in the direction longitudinally and in the transverse direction, so that, transversely to the track layout, the main track (4) and the secondary track (5) are arranged on a prefabricated concrete plate (11-16).

2.

 Raceway according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the prefabricated concrete plates (11-13) are laid in the longitudinal direction in the main part (6) of the bypass needle (1).

3.

 Raceway according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the prefabricated concrete plates (14-16) are laid in a transverse direction in the final part (7) of the bypass needle (1).

Four.

 Raceway according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting layer is a frost protection layer (31) and a cleaning layer (32).

5.

 Raceway according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grouting mass forms a layer (34) of concrete mixed on site with a reinforcement (33).

6.

 Raceway according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the prefabricated concrete plates (14-16) are connected with a connecting frame (30) through the layer (34) of concrete mixed on site or are joined to each other through threaded steel bars (22).

7.

 Raceway according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threaded steel bars (22) are arranged in the prefabricated concrete plates (11-16) substantially in the direction of the track (4, 5).

8.

 Raceway according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer contour of the precast concrete plates (11-16) substantially corresponds to the layout of the main track

(4) and the secondary route (5).

9.

 Raceway according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that rail fasteners (11-16) are arranged on the prefabricated concrete plate (11-16).

10.

 Raceway according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the prefabricated concrete plate (11-16) has holes made especially after the production of the prefabricated concrete plate (11-16), in which the fasteners are fastened of the lanes.

eleven.

 Raceway according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that support benches (26) are arranged on the prefabricated concrete plates (11-16) that run in a direction substantially transverse to the rails and on which the fasteners of said lanes.

12.

 Raceway according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the prefabricated concrete plate (11-16) has nominal breaking points (24) that are arranged transversely to the track layout.

13.

 Procedure for producing precast concrete plates (11-16) of a diverting needle (1) - comprising a main part (6) and an end part (7) - of a raceway for railway vehicles presenting these prefabricated plates of concrete (11-16), with a main track (4) and a secondary track (5), according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each precast concrete plate (8, 1116) is concreted in a formwork, and This formwork has a formwork floor with a suitable dimension for a given maximum size of precast concrete slabs (11-16), and in which, for the production of individual precast concrete slabs (11-16) of the needle Bypass (1), this maximum measure is reduced by fixing formwork walls on the formwork floor, characterized in that both precast concrete plates (14-16) with a width greater than their length are produced with this formwork you, seen in the direction of the track layout, as precast concrete slabs (11-13) that have a length greater than their width, seen in the direction of the track layout, and because they are practiced on the prefabricated slabs of concrete (11-16) drills for rail fixings or rail housings such that the tracks are fastened longitudinally with the rail fixings on the prefabricated concrete plates (11-16) in the main part (6 ) of the diverter needle (1) and are held transversely in the final part (7) of the diverter needle (1).

14.

 Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the formwork has a device for receiving threaded steel bars (22).

fifteen.

 Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, after

concreting of the prefabricated concrete plate (11-16), holes are made in said prefabricated concrete plate 5 (11-16) to receive rail fixings. 16. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, before laying the prefabricated concrete plate (11-16), anchoring bodies (27) for fixing screws are installed in the holes. 17. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, after laying 10 of the prefabricated plates (11-16), holes are made in the plate (11-16) to receive rail fasteners.

18.

 Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threaded steel bars (22) terminate in receptacles (21) of the precast concrete plate (11-16).

19.

 Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, before concreting, the ends of the threaded steel bars (22) are covered.