ES2418680A2 - Wind turbine with vertical rotation axis (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Wind turbine with vertical rotation axis consisting of a plurality of fixed sockets (l02) for the omnidirectional wind uptake, which can be both straight and curved, and which consists of a plurality of fixed sockets (l03) for the distribution of the wind picked up, which can be both straight and curved, and which consists of a wind rotor (101), preferably three-bladed, with a flat convex aerodynamic profile, and has a system for regulating the wind uptake, consisting of a roller shutter and rolling elements (l05). ) and an electric panel (l04) for protection and control of said system, and in which the upper part of the wind turbine or chamber (1) is fastened on a column (2). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

AEROGENERATOR WITH VERTICAL ROTATION AXLE

of the invention

5 The invention is in the field of electricity generation by means of renewable energy, and more specifically of the machinery for the use of wind energy.

Background of the invention

Different types of wind turbines are known in the state of the art, which normally admit a first classification according to the horizontal or vertical position of the axis of rotation of the turbine. A second classification is made according to its operating principle based on drag forces, lift forces, or

15 a mixture of both. The Darrieus model is well known, being of vertical axis and mainly of support; also the Savonius model, being of vertical axis and of drag; as well as the models monopala, bipala, and tripala constructed by means of aerodynamic profile, being these of horizontal axis and mainly of support.

2 O Horizontal axis wind rotors are known that present numerous problems and disadvantages, such as the need for an expensive blade rotation system for rotor regulation, or for a mechanical brake for rotor stopping, as well as the need of having to stop when the winds are hurricane, since if they do not stop it can cause them to break, as they offer great resistance

25 by virtue of its horizontal position.

In addition, the vibration that horizontal axis rotors have during their operation is very pronounced, as well as the generation of a high noise, being, on the other hand, harmful to birds, in addition to generating visual pollution

Or for the visibility of the rotor rotation.

The most diverse rotor systems for the configuration of wind turbines are known, as the main component for the capture of wind energy, and among them those of vertical axis, all of them suffering from low energy efficiency; a part directly faces the wind, regardless of its nature, and not

5 need guidance; the other part is hidden from the wind, which does not produce.

Wind generators such as those mentioned can be seen in the documents: US1219339; US3743848; US3793530; US3995170; US4115032; US4208168; US4278894; US7083382; ES2364828; ES2180443; ES2209172; ES2336084;

10 PL200550; among others.

These generators present a problem that focuses primarily on the following aspects:

15 Require, those that use mono, bi or tripala profile turbines

-

Aerodynamic, a complex guidance system. -Require a complex braking system in the presence of large winds -Require the use exclusively of laminar winds.

Or - They require, those that use mono, bi or tripala aeroturbines of aerodynamic profile, to be placed at great heights to avoid the friction with the ground. -Generan great visual pollution, by moving blades, and noise pollution.

25 Those who do not need an orientation or braking system have a

-

Very low power coefficient.

The wind turbine with vertical rotation axis, which the invention proposes, solves in a fully satisfactory way the problem previously exposed, in all and 3 OR each of the different aspects mentioned.

of the invention

The invention relates to a wind turbine with a vertical rotation axis that essentially has a wind rotor, preferably a gut of convex plane 5 aerodynamic profile, which is arranged in the upper part of the interior of a chamber, toroidal and therefore aerodynamic , which attenuates the sound emitted by the rotation of the wind rotor and directs it to the top (since in the same direction of the wind flow the sound circulates) and that due to its design, the pickup surface does not cover everything the lateral profile, so the wind at

10 impacting on the closed side part will produce an aspiration of the wind leaving the turbine, by Venturi effect, improving the power coefficient of the turbine, and because said chamber is disposed on the upper end of a column, which can have the desired height. It is omnidirectional without the need for guidance systems and is maintained in

15 operation with high wind speeds, since it has a perimeter adjustment shutter (105), to regulate the captured wind. It has fixed collection and distribution alveoli, which due to the geometric design of its contours and the contours of the chamber, redirects the captured wind converting the captured wind from turbulent regime to laminar regime, it

2 Or it is because the fixed alveoli (102) capture the wind without modification of its cross section along the vertical axis but with modification of its cross section (reduction) along the horizontal axis and the fixed alveoli (103) modify its cross section (reduction) along the horizontal and vertical axis by simultaneously modifying the wind direction from horizontal to vertical component. The wind pick-up surface is determined by the size of the area of the pick-up alveoli, this being the product of its diameter by height, while the surface of the turbine is determined by the surface of the distribution alveoli, this being the product of its diameter by height, so that the same wind rotor can be used for different wind turbine sizes,

3 Or maintaining the distribution cells and with different collection cells, with the advantages that this entails in terms of construction economy, reduction of spare parts, ease of maintenance, etc.

The wind turbine is valid to cover the entire power range, from 35 MW units to hundreds or tens of W.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figure 1 shows an elevation view of a preferred embodiment of a large wind turbine according to the invention.

Figure 2 shows an elevation view of a preferred embodiment of a large wind turbine according to the invention, in which a cut of the upper part has been made in order to appreciate the different elements of its interior.

Figure 3 shows an elevation view of a preferred embodiment of a medium-sized wind turbine according to the invention, in which a cut of the lower part has been made in order to appreciate the different elements of its interior.

Figure 4 shows an elevation view of a preferred embodiment of a

Small wind turbine according to the invention, in which a cut of the lower part has been made in order to appreciate the different elements of its interior.

Figure 5 shows a section of the elevation view, of the upper part or chamber, of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which all the elements of its interior can be observed in detail.

Figure 6 shows a section of the plan view, of the upper part or chamber, of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the fixed (straight) alveoli for the omnidirectional uptake of the

25 wind and for distribution.

Figure 7 shows a section of the plan view, of the upper part or chamber, of another preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the fixed (curved) alveoli for collection can be observed in detail

3 Or omnidirectional wind and for distribution. Figure 8 shows a section of the elevation view of the upper part or chamber of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the ascent of the perimeter adjustment blind can be observed, for opening and closing , of omnidirectional wind pickup.

Figure 9 shows an elevation view, of the upper part or chamber, of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the partial ascent (approx. 50%) of the blind (part lined with frame) of regulation, for the opening and closing, of the omnidirectional wind uptake.

5 Figure 10 shows an elevation view, of the upper part or chamber, of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the total ascent (100%) of the blind can be observed (striped part with frame) of regulation, so in this case there is no wind pickup and it is in mode

10 rest

Figure 11 shows an elevation view, of the suspension part or chamber, of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the total retraction (100%) of the perimeter adjustment blind can be observed.

15 that in this case there is total omnidirectional wind uptake.

Figure 12 shows a plan view, of the upper part or chamber, of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the three-rotor wind rotor, the external aerodynamic toroidal shape, and the

2 Or alveoli of distribution of the captured wind.

Figure 13 shows a section of the elevation view, of the upper part or chamber, of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the omnidirectional wind uptake (perpendicular to the plane of the paper) can be seen and

25 distribution to the rotor. The wind output once turbinated occurs easily, due to the Venturi effect, which is caused by the wind that has not entered the collector and runs through the upper profile of the invention.

Figure 14 shows a section of the plan view, of the upper part or chamber, of

3 Or a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the fixed (curved) alveoli for omnidirectional wind uptake and for distribution can be observed in detail. The current lines for a wind from the south of the figure have been drawn, and it is shown how that wind is captured and distributed by the alveoli to the rotor.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

In Figure 1, an elevation view of a preferred embodiment of a

5 large wind turbine according to the invention, and that is one in which a chamber (1) is available, to house essentially the collection and distribution alveoli, the wind and rotor pickup regulation system, and a column (2) to properly raise the chamber from the ground. A human profile has been represented at the bottom to obtain an adequate dimension of the

1 OR proportions.

In figure 2, an elevation view of a preferred embodiment of a large wind turbine according to the invention is shown, in which a cut of the upper part or chamber (1) has been made, in order to appreciate the different elements of its interior 15. A wind rotor (101), a vertical axis of rotation (106) for the transmission of mechanical power, a multiplier (107) for the adaptation of the speed of rotation of the wind rotor and the electric generator, an electric generator can be observed

(108) for the conversion of mechanical power into electrical power, an electrical cabinet (109) to house electrical protection and control devices, a

2 O system to regulate wind uptake, consisting of a perimeter adjustment blind (105) and an electrical panel (104) for protection and control of said system. The upper part or chamber (1) is held on a column (2). A human profile has been represented inside and at the bottom to obtain an adequate dimension of the proportions.

Figure 3 shows an elevation view of a preferred embodiment of a medium-sized wind turbine according to the invention, in which a cut of the lower part has been made to be able to appreciate the different elements of its interior. A vertical axis of rotation (106) can be observed for the transmission of mechanical power, a 3 O multiplier (107) for the adaptation of the rotation speed of the wind rotor and the electric generator, an electric generator (108) for the conversion of the mechanical power in electrical power, and an electrical cabinet (109) to house the electrical protection and control devices. The rest of the elements listed in the description of figure 2 are available in the upper part or chamber (1).

represented on the outside a human profile to obtain an adequate dimension of the proportions.

Figure 4 shows an elevation view of a preferred embodiment of a

5 small wind turbine according to the invention, in which a cut of the lower part has been made to be able to appreciate the different elements of its interior. A vertical axis of rotation (106) can be observed for the transmission of mechanical power, a multiplier (107) for the adaptation of the rotation speed of the wind rotor and the electric generator, an electric generator (108) for the conversion of the power

10 mechanical in electrical power, and an electrical cabinet (109) to house the electrical protection and control devices. In the upper part or chamber (1) the rest of the elements listed in the description of figure 2 are available. A human profile has been represented on the outside in order to obtain an adequate dimension of the proportions. For this size of invention the ideal location

15 may be the top of buildings and buildings in general.

Figure 5 shows a section of the elevation view, of the upper part or chamber (1), of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which different elements of its interior can be observed. You can see a 2 O wind rotor (101), a vertical axis of rotation (106) for the transmission of mechanical power, fixed alveoli (102) to perform wind uptake, fixed alveoli (103), arranged on a base upward conical curve, to distribute and direct the captured wind towards the wind rotor (101), and a system to regulate wind uptake, consisting of a perimeter and blind adjustment (105) and a frame

25 electrical (104) protection and control of said system.

Figure 6 shows a section of the plan view, of the upper part or chamber (1), of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which fixed (straight) alveoli can be observed in detail (102 ) for collection

3 Or omnidirectional wind and fixed (straight) alveoli (103) for distribution. Figure 7 shows a section of the plan view, of the upper part or chamber (1), of another preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the fixed (curved) alveoli can be observed in detail (102 ) for omnidirectional wind pick-up and fixed (curved) alveoli (103) for distribution.

Figure 8 shows a section of the elevation view of the upper part or chamber (1) of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the rise of the perimeter adjustment blind (105) can be observed. , for the opening and closing, of the omnidirectional wind pickup.

5 Figure 9 shows an elevation view of the upper part or chamber (1) of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the partial ascent (approx. 50%) of the blind can be observed regulation perimeter

(105) (striped part with frame) of regulation, for the opening and closing, of the omnidirectional wind uptake 10.

Figure 10 shows an elevation view, of the upper part or chamber (1), of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the total ascent (100%) of the perimeter adjustment blind ( 105) (part

15 striped with frame) of regulation, so in this case there is no wind pickup and it is in idle mode.

Figure 11 shows an elevation view, of the upper part or chamber (1), of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the total retraction (100%) of the perimeter blind of regulation, because in this case there is total omnidirectional wind uptake.

Figure 12 shows a plan view, of the upper part or chamber (1), of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the tripala wind rotor (101), the external aerodynamic toroidal shape can be observed , and the distribution alveoli of the captured wind.

Figure 13 shows a section of the elevation view, of the upper part or chamber (1), of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which it can

3 Or appreciate the omnidirectional wind pick-up (3) (perpendicular to the plane of the paper) and the distribution to the rotor (4). The wind output once turbinated occurs easily, due to the Venturi effect, which is caused by the wind that has not entered the collector and runs through the upper curved profile of the invention.

Figure 14 shows a section of the plan view, of the upper part or chamber (1), of a preferred embodiment of a wind turbine according to the invention, in which the fixed (curved) alveoli can be observed in detail for the omnidirectional wind pickup and for distribution. The lines of

5 current for a wind coming from the south (3) of the figure, and it is shown how that wind is captured and distributed by the fixed alveoli towards the bottom of the wind rotor (4).

1. Wind turbine with vertical rotation axis of the type that incorporates a

upper part or chamber (1) that is supported on a column (2), which

5

incorporates a wind rotor (101), a vertical axis of rotation (106) for transmission

of the mechanical power captured by the rotor, a multiplier (107) for the

adaptation of the wind rotor rotation speed to that of a generator

electric (108), and also has an electric cabinet (109) to house

electrical protection and control devices characterized in that in the

10

upper chamber consists of a plurality of fixed alveoli (102), which can

be both straight and curved, which allow omnidirectional uptake

of wind, either horizontal or inclined and laminar or

turbulent, and because it consists of a plurality of fixed alveoli (103), which

they can be both straight and curved, arranged on a curved base

fifteen

upward conical, which convert the captured wind to component wind

vertical and distribute it to various areas of the rotor, thereby allowing the

wind rotor can be convex flat aerodynamic profile, preferably

gut, similar to those commonly used in shaft wind turbines

horizontal.

twenty

2. Wind turbine with vertical rotation axis according to claim 1,

characterized in that due to its composition of an alveolar zone of

uptake, an alveolar zone of distribution, and generator, can be built in

diversity of sizes with acceptable yields of small, medium and

25

great powers, and because for each size of generator the components

can be adapted to the available space, such as in constructions

preferential for large powers, of the order of hundreds of kW or units

MW, in which the multiplier (107), the generator (108) and the cabinet

Electrical protection and control (109) are housed in the upper part of the

3 o

wind turbine or chamber (1), or in preferential constructions it is for powers

medium, of the order of units or tens of kW, and small, of the order of

tens or hundreds of W, in which the multiplier (107) and the generator (10)

they are housed in the lower part of the column (2), and the electrical cabinet of

protection and control (109) is preferably located outside next to the

35

lower part of the column (2).

Claims (4)

 Claims

3.

Wind turbine with vertical rotation axis, according to claim 1,

characterized in that omnidirectional wind pickup is achieved without

need for employment of any guidance system, being the only one

5

moving element the wind rotor, the vertical axis of rotation (106), and the generator,

All of them inside the housing.

Four.

Wind turbine with vertical rotation axis according to claim 1,

characterized in that it has a system to regulate wind uptake,

10

composed of a perimeter adjustment blind (105) that can close the

100% wind uptake of O, so it can be operated with high

wind speeds without braking and without aerodynamic loss due to

excess wind

fifteen

5. Wind turbine with vertical rotation axis, according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized in that the column (2) that supports the upper part or chamber

(1) It can be the desired height, since there is no rotating element

exterior that can touch the ground or current or future vegetation, so

that its size can be freely chosen based on wind parameters,

2 o

economic, aesthetic, or functional.

6.

Wind turbine with vertical rotation axis according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized in that the wind pickup surface is determined

by the size of the area of the collection alveoli, both its diameter and

25

the height, while the surface of turbinado is determined by the

size of the distribution alveoli, so the same can be used

wind rotor for different wind turbine sizes, keeping the

distribution alveoli and with different collection alveoli, with the advantages

that this implies in terms of constructive economy, reduction of pieces of

3 o

spare part, ease of maintenance, etc.