ES2400096B1 - ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DIMMING MESH AND USE OF THE SAME - Google Patents

Abstract

Electromagnetic radiation attenuating mesh and its use # It comprises at least one metal selected from the group between anisotropic and isotropic; the mesh (1, 1a, 1b, 1e) being provided in a laminar body (4) according to a configuration selected from, suspended particles, threads (1), a sheet (1a) and a set of sheets; and according to an arrangement selected from isolated, embedded, suspended and adhered in said laminar body (4); and being, in addition, said laminar body (4) constituted by a material selected from transparent, translucent and opaque, to obtain a laminar body that attenuates the electromagnetic fields, to provide protection against them.

Description

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DIMMING MESH AND USE OF

THE SAME

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a mesh consisting of at least one metal of anisotropic or isotropic materials that is disposed in an aminent body in the form of suspended particles or in the form of strands, rnicrohilos, or bare metal nanowires or coated with any material, non-metallic threads coated with met al, or the combination of different types of metallic or non-metallic threads

intertwined

or braided woven in plot Y urdi mbre, wave

utilization

from sheet metallic keep going, microfressed,

microtaladrada,

micropunzonada, doing

micro EDM

by thread Y by penetration,

laser micromachining, microconforming, microinjection, so that said mesh, set of threads, threads are arranged in isolation, embedded, suspended, adhered in any way or principle in a sheet of glass, glass, synthetic plastics, polymers, modified natural materials , thermoplastics, thermoset elastomers, resins and aerogels, as well as any other transparent, translucent or opaque component element, whose purpose is to act decorative, sanitary, insulating or industrially as if glass, board, sheet or set of them or glass is treated , so that a sheet that attenuates the electromagnetic fields is obtained.

Therefore, the invention is applicable in any sector of the industry in which flexible or rigid sheets are used whose purpose is to act decorative, sanitary, insulating or industrial as if glass, board, sheet or set of them or glass is treated , and more strictly it is applicable in the construction sector, for example for application in windows, balconies, shop windows, zone separations,

insulations,

King of Seeds, etc. from shape that the

elements

employees in the same constitute a element

mitigating of

the fields electromagnetic

BACKGROUND

FROM THE INVENTION

In the state of the art the incorporation of metallic steel fabrics, etc. , within glass surfaces to increase its resistance, in case of impact breakage, and in case of impact breakage, keep the surface together, preventing the resulting pieces from detaching from the sheet. This configuration is not intended to produce the attenuation of the electromagnetic fields, and they also do not have the appropriate configuration to perform this function.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

To achieve the objectives and solve the aforementioned drawbacks, the invention has developed a new mesh to attenuate electromagnetic waves characterized in that it comprises at least one metal selected from the group comprised between anisotropes and isotropes; the mesh being provided in a laminar body according to a configuration selected from, suspended particles, threads, a sheet and a set of sheets; and according to an arrangement selected from isolated, embedded, suspended and adhered in said laminar body; and being, in addition, said laminar body constituted by a material selected from transparent, translucent and opaque, to obtain a laminar body that attenuates the electromagnetic fields, in the frequency range between 0. 8 GHz and 20 GHz, as it has been proven experimentally in tests.

With this new configuration the Faraday cage effect is achieved, which causes the electromagnetic field inside a conductor in equilibrium to be zero, canceling the effect of the fields

external This is because f when the conductor is subject to an external electromagnetic field, it is polarized, so that it is positively charged in the direction the electromagnetic field is going, and negatively charged in the opposite direction. Since the conductor has polarized, it generates an electric field equal in magnitude but opposite in the direction of the electromagnetic field, then the sum of both fields within the conductor will be equal to O.

The mesh also provides the best conditions for the GMI effect (giant magnetostriction effect). The effect of GMI is the strong dependence on impedance

electric

from a driver ferromagnetic with countryside

magnetic

axial applied (HZ) when a stream

electric

alternate from frequency (F) is flowing to the

long

from the sample . Though he effect from GMI be he has

observed

in a wide variety from materials, the threads

amorphous with almost zero magnetostriction exhibit the best conditions for the effect of GMI.

Initially, the GMI effect was interpreted in terms of the classic "skin" effect on a magnetic conductor with scalar magnetic permeability, as a consequence of the change in the penetration depth of the alternating current by the applied magnetic field of direct current (of) . The electrical impedance, Z, of a magnetic conductor in this case can be written as: Z = Rdc kr Jo (kr) / 2 J1 (kr); with k = (l + j) / d: where Jo and JI are Bessel functions, r is the thread radius and d the penetration depth is equal to: d = (p s mf f) 1/2; where s is the electrical conductivity, f the frequency of the current along the sample, and mf circular magnetic permeability (it is assumed that it has scalar character) The applied magnetic field of introduces changes in the circular permeability, mf. Therefore, the penetration depth also changes and

It eventually leads to a change of Z.

Another of the properties of the mesh is flexible radio masking: in this case it is constituted by a volumetric layer designed to mask radio and optical (visual) waves in both mobile and immobile objects that possess the characteristics of the radar transmitter. The mesh is made of incombustible materials and can be colored with the following minimums: Level of damping to the reflection of the incident electromagnetic wave greater than 10 dB in polarization

arbitrary

Y address in the spectrum from frequencies from 0. 8 to

twenty

GHz

This

new setting reduce the excessive

radioelectric contamination that surrounds us, so that protection of the c. E. M (Magnetic Elect ro Fields) weakening the signal substitutionally, creating t ramp filters, thus mitigating the consequences of these

e. E.M.

In the case where the mall is made up of threads, these can be bare metallic, coated metallic, non-metallic coated with metal, or a combination of the above and according to a configuration selected between interwoven and braided weft and warp fabrics.

The tissues that form the aforementioned wires serve for the screening of electromagnetic radiation, since during the incidence of an electromagnetic wave on the separation surface of two media (mesh and laminar body), part of the electromagnetic wave is reflected in the surface, while another part penetrates and extends into the other medium

(laminar body in which the mesh is included), and finally part is absorbed by the material of the second medium (it becomes heat). The value of the shielding coefficient, KS 1 is defined as the ratio of the energy transmitted to the incident as follows: Ks

= Pr / Ps; where: Pr is the energy of the incident wave e: Ps the energy of the transmitted wave. Since the electromagnetic wave contains electrical and magnetic components, the interaction of the electromagnetic wave and the medium can have mainly electrical nature, it is the case of conductors (not ferromagnetic) or dielectric means, and also magnetic nature, as in the case of a medium with magnetic permeability greater than l.

The threads of the mesh can be micro-threads or nano-threads.

The sensitivity close to 600% of the relative change in impedance has recently been observed in amorphous micro wires with almost zero magnetostriction.

The magnetoimpedance ratio, DZ / Z, is defined as: DZ / Z = [Z (H) -Z (Hmax)] / Z (Hmax); where Hmax the maximum longitudinal magnetic field From the order of 2400 Alm applied with a long solenoid. All measurements were made at room temperature, with the alignment of the axis of the micro wire perpendicular to the ground field.

In the case in which the mesh is constituted by a metallic sheet, it is envisaged that it will be selected from a continuous, microfressed, microtaladrada and micropunzonada sheet; obtained by a process selected from microelectronic erosion by wire and penetration, micromachining by laser, microconformation, and micro injection.

The laminar body on which the mesh is provided is selected from a sheet of glass, glass, synthetic plastics, polymers, modified natural materials, thermoplastics, thermoset elastomers, resins and aerogels.

In one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the threads, set of threads, sheets is greater than or equal to 0, 1 microns, and it is further provided that said diameter may be between 0.01 microns and 20000 microns. Be

contemplate for the realization of the nanowires or nanoparticles that the diameter is less than 0.1 microns.

The mesh forms grids that prevent the total or partial penetration of electromagnetic fields through glass or crystalline material, board, sheet

or set of them where the mesh, set of threads, sheets or substrates are isolated, embedded, suspended, adhered. The grids, rhombuses or any other distribution for the mesh, and the thread, set of threads, sheet or set of sheets have a separation (light or hollow) in one direction or another between

0.05 microns and 100 cm.

Anisotropic or isotropic materials isolated or in suspended particles or in the form of bare metal wires, micro-wires or nanowires or coated with any material, metal-coated non-metallic threads, or the combination of different types of interlaced or braided metallic or non-metallic threads, Continuous, microfressed, microtaladrada, micropunzonada metal sheet, performing wire and penetration microelectroerosion, laser micromachining, shaped microconf, microinjection can be made of different materials such as gold, silver, platinum, lead, nickel, bronze, bromine, copper, zinc, tin, aluminum, iron oxides, iron hydroxides, iron oxydroxides, steel, stainless steel, titanium ferrite in all its variants, boron, barite, Indian, Tungsten, carbonyl iron, pentacarbonyl iron, graphite, graphene, coltan, niobium , manganese, magnesium, tantalum, quartz, synthetic plastics, polymers, modified natural materials, thermoplastics, thermoset elastomers, resins and aerogels, water, plaster, cement, tricalcium silicate, bicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, tetracalcium aluminate, dielectric liquids, cellulose, cotton, luopolymers, fiberglass, silicone and a combination of the above.

The

materials no metallic cited they have the

purpose

from produce a improvement in he behavior from

shielding

from radiation and lectromagnetic,

thus increasing the attenuation performance after combining with the metallic materials, provided that the combination of materials continues to perform the functions of the Faraday cage, based on the properties of a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium. When the mesh is placed in the presence of an external electric field, the positive charges remain in the network positions; electrons, however, that in a metal are free, move in the opposite direction to the electric field and, although the total charge of the conductor is zero, one of the sides of the mesh (in which the electrons accumulate) remains with an excess of negative charge, while the other side runs out of electrons (positive charge).

The invention also provides for anisotropic or isotropic materials isolated or in suspended particles or in the form of bare metal threads, micro-wires or nanowires or coated with any material, metal-coated non-metallic threads, or the combination of different types of interlaced metallic or non-metallic threads or braided, continuous metal sheet, microfressed, microtaladrada, micropunzonada, performing microelectroerosión by wire and penetration, micromachining by laser, microconformado, microinjection or substrates can be constituted by any combination of the metals indicated in alloy, variant and oxidation.

In one embodiment of the invention the degree of purity of the metal is greater than 15% of the dominant material.

In another embodiment of the invention for highly conductive metals such as titanium ferrite in all its variants, boron, barite, indium, tllngst_eno, carbonyl iron, pentacar bonyl iron, coltan, niobium, manganese, magnesium and Tantalum and nonmetals with

Conductive characteristics such as graphite and graphene presenting a degree of metal purity is greater than 5%.

Those formed in the metal mesh are determined by a fabric of the type selected from smooth, sawn, plain reps, sawn reps, tatephlan ligament, p lano ligament, simple Dutch ligament, twill ligament, Dutch twill ligament, reverse Dutch ligament, ligament wide mesh, five-strand twill ligament and multiple mesh ligament.

The invention also relates to the use of a metal mesh, for applications in which the laminar body

makes

a function selected between decorative,

sanitary and

insulating .

For

perform he shielding from objects I

spaces,

inside from the which no there is located sources from

electromagnetic radiation . In constructions / designs and devices that require protection against external sources of electromagnetic radiation, it is convenient to use shielding reflectors that contain non-magnetic conductive materials (copper, silver, alloys on their base). Depending on the type of the object to be protected, the shielding can be

flexible and elastic using, for example, fine fabrics; rigid plastic, polymeric, glass or paper articles.

To perform daily screening of enclosures or workspaces, in which, in addition to the protection against external sources of radiation, the suppression of electromagnetic radiation and the re-emission of a reasonable internal source of radiation is required using a screening that absorbs the reflection. In this case, the screening system contains materials with high impedance at the source operating frequencies. For example, in the spaces and enclosures where HF emission sources work, it is reasonable to use

materials that show a resonant resonance frequency at the source operation.

To perform shielding for protection of workers (service personnel) in which the level of electromagnetic radiation is required to go every day in increasing conditions. In this situation it is reasonable to use electromagnetic screens of multiple reflective / absorbent layers, where the outer layer reflects the incident electromagnetic wave, and the interior absorbs the passing and reflecting waves.

Therefore the invention provides a weakening of the level of electromagnetic radiation in living spaces, the protection of people working in the vicinity of the sources of electromagnetic radiation, and the improvement in the electromagnetic compatibility of electronic devices; such as small high frequency communication lines for use in high computing; paired high-frequency communication lines for intra-modular components and connections within integrated circuits; microelectrodes for the output of tissue and living cell potentials.

Next, in order to facilitate a better understanding of this descriptive report and forming an integral part thereof, a series of figures are attached, in which the object of the invention has been presented as an illustration and not a limitation.

BRIEF STATEMENT OF THE FIGURES Figure 1. - It shows an elevation view and a side view of a first possible embodiment in which the wire mesh forms a smooth fabric that is embedded in a glass sheet.

Figure 2 -Shows an elevation view and a side view of another possible embodiment in which the metal wire mesh forms an embossed fabric embedded in

A crystal .

Figure 3.- Shows a third embodiment of the invention in which the metal wire mesh forms a smooth reps fabric.

Figure 4 - It shows a fourth embodiment in which the metal mesh forms an embossed reps fabric embedded in a crystal.

Figures 5a to 5c.-They show different embodiments in which different perforations made in a plate are detailed, to obtain the mesh.

Figure 6a to 6f.-They show different embodiments in which different types of perforated metal sheet or plate are detailed with additional die-folding of its surface; that is to say different types of profile is mesh for the case in which it is constituted by a sheet or set of sheets.

Figure 7a and 7b. -They show an exemplary embodiment in which expanded metal meshes are detailed, obtained from a continuous microfressed sheet.

Figure 8 -Show an embodiment in which a pressed lattice scheme is detailed. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

A description of the invention based on the previously mentioned figures is made below. Descriptions of the predefined mesh 1, the, of the invention are detailed, these may suffer variations depending on the characteristics of the materials used, whether they are anisotropic or isotropic materials, and depending on whether the mesh 1, the, is provided in a laminar leather 4 according to an isolated configuration or in suspended particles or in the form of bare metal threads, micro-wires or nanowires or coated with any material, metal-coated non-metallic threads, or the combination of different types of interlaced metallic or non-metallic threads or braided.

In one embodiment of the invention it comprises a mesh

1 constituted by continuous strands or naked filaments that are treated as a common thread, are woven in warp 2 and in weft 3 as if it were a conventional thread, so that the metallic fabric is obtained forming grids that make total penetration impossible or partial of electromagnetic fields, of different configurations, as shown in figures 1 to 4, in which in figure 1 a mesh configuration 1 of plain tissue is shown, in figure 2 an assembled configuration, in figure 3 a smooth reps configuration, which provides an attenuation of magnetic fields greater than that of figures 1 and 2, and in figure 4 a rear serrated configuration is shown, which in turn provides a greater attenuation of the electromagnetic fields than the configuration represented in figure 3. The tissue configurations can be any of the state of the art.

The mesh 1 is arranged embedded in a sheet 4 of a compound, such as glass, glass, synthetic plastics, polymers, modified natural materials, thermoplastics, thermoset elastomers, resins and aerogels, as well as any other transparent, translucent or opaque component element .

The mesh 4 is applicable in any sector of the industry in which flexible or rigid sheets 4 are used whose purpose is to act decoratively, sanitary, insulating or industrially as if glass, board, sheet or set of them or glass is treated , and more specifically it is applicable in the construction sector, for example for application in windows, balconies, shop windows, zone separations, insulation, coatings, etc. so that the elements used in the same form an attenuating element of the electromagnetic fields.

An example is shown in Figures 5a and 5b in which the mesh is constituted by a sheet the one in which

They have practiced 5 circular micro-holes, made by micro-press, micro-boring machine, micro-punching machine, microelectroerosionador by wire and by penetration, micromachining machine by laser, microconformer, or microinjector.

In the figure, the micro holes have a torn configuration 5a. The sheet can also be stamped, as shown in Figures 6a to 6f. The mesh could also be a continuous metal sheet.

Figures 7a and 7b show two examples of the realization of lb meshes that are obtained from a continuous micro-pressed metal sheet.

Expanded or unfolded metal meshes are semi-finished products of rigid metal that have been processed by cutting and stepping on a single process plate, according to the design pattern.

In the process there is no loss of material, but the openings 6 are formed directly by cutting and subsequent deployment.

The material between cuts has sufficient strength and does not need to be knitted or welded later.

Two different shapes of lb mesh are shown in Figures 7a and 7b, but these can take any configuration of those provided in the prior art.

In figure 8 a scheme of a pressed or electrowelded lattice mesh is detailed, so that in the case of lc meshes of pressed lattice they are formed by edge plates 7 provided with special grooves where complementary crossbars 8 are placed, so that they fix each other by uniform pressure. On the other hand, the electrowelded lattice meshes start from the same principle as the pressing ones, but in this case the joint between the edge plate 7 and the crossbar 8 is

Produced by electric welding. In any case, the mesh incorporates intermediate plates 9 for support and fixation of the transverse bars S.

The materials with which the mesh 1, the, lb, will be constituted will be gold, plat, platinum, lead, nickel, bronze, bromine, copper, zi nc, tin, aluminum, steel, stainless steel, titanium ferrite in All its variants, boron, barite, Indian, Tungsten, carbonyl iron, pentacarbonyl iron.

In combination with the previous metals the mall at 1, the, lb, you can also incorporate non-metallic materials such as graphite, graphene, calt an, niobium, manganese, magnesium, tantalum, quartz, synthetic plastics, polymers, natural materials modified icados, thermoplastics, thermoset elastomers, resins and aerogels, water, plaster, cement, tricalcium silicate, silicat or bicalcium, tricalcium aluminate, tetracalcium aluminaoferrite, dielectric liquids, cellulose, cotton, fluopolymers, glass fiber, silicone, iron oxide (hematite , maghemite or magnetite), iron hydroxide (bernalite), or oxy iron oxide, (akaganeite, lepidocrocite, feroxihite or ferrihydrite), to improve the behavior of screening or electromagnetic radiation, as explained in the section on description of the invention

The mesh materials may also consist of any combination of the metals indicated in alloy, variant and oxidation.

The degree of purity for the material that composes the threads in itself or in alloy, is always and in all cases 15% of the dominant material. In the case of certain highly conductive materials such as titanium ferrite in all its variants, boron, barite, iron, tungsten, carbonyl iron, pentacarbonyl of iron, graphite, graphene, eoltan, niobium, manganese,

Magnesium, Tantalum and other materials of similar characteristics and applications the degree of purity will be greater than 5% of the dominant material.

The diameters of the mesh 1, the, lb, stop you

5 incorporation into the laminar body 4, are 0.01 microns to a maximum diameter that allows the receiving compound 4 that forms the assembly and determines the effectiveness against the attenuation of electromagnetic fields, such as a diameter of 20,000 ml cras. The separation between the ace

10 grids, rhombuses or any other distribution for the mesh, the thread or, set of threads, the sheets have a separation (light or hollow) in one direction or another between 0. 05 microns and 100 cm. Through the described configuration of the invention,

15 obtains a protective shield against electromagnetic fields that protects people in those places where they are installed.

Claims (13)

1.-ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DIMMING MESH, characterized in that it comprises at least one metal selected from the group comprised between anisotropes and isotropes; the mesh being provided in a laminar body according to a configuration selected from, suspended particles, threads, a sheet and a set of sheets; and in accordance with an arrangement selected from isolated, embedded I suspended and adhered in said laminar body; and being, in addition, said laminar body constituted by a material selected from transparent, translucent and opaque, to obtain a laminar body that attenuates the electromagnetic fields, in the frequency range between 0.8 GHz and 20 GHz. 2.-ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DIMMER GRIP, according to claim 1, characterized in that the threads are selected from bare metallic, coated metallic, non-metallic coated metal, and

combination

from the previous according a setting

selected

between intertwined Y braided woven in

plot

Y warp.

3.-ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ATTENTION MESH, according to claim 2, characterized in that the threads are selected from micro-threads and nano-threads. 4.-ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ATTENUATOR MESH, according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal sheet is selected from a continuous sheet, microfressed, microtaladrada and micropunzonada; obtained by a process selected from microelectric erosion by wire and penetration, micromachining by laser, microconformation, and microinjection. 5.-ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DIMMING MESH, according to claim 1, characterized in that the laminar body on which the mesh is provided is selected from a sheet of glass, glass, plastics Synthetics, polymers, material is natural modified, thermoplastics, thermoset elastomers, resins and aerogels. 6.-ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DIMMING MESH,

according

a anyone from the claims one, 2 or 4,

characterized

why he diameter from the mesh is higher or

same

to 0, 1 microns

7.-ELECTROMAGNÉTYCAS RADIATION ATTENTION MESH, according to claim 3, characterized in that the mesh diameter is smaller than D, l microns. 8, -ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DIMMER GRIP, according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the diameter of the mesh is between 0.01 microns and 20,000 microns. 9. - ELECTROMAGNÉTYCAS RADIATION DIMMER GRIP, according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the mesh has a selected configuration between grids and rhombuses, which have a longitudinal and transverse separation between 0. 05 microns and 100 cm. 10. ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DIMMER GRIP, according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheet comprises at least one material selected from gold, silver, platinum, lead, nickel, bronze, bromine, copper, zinc, tin, aluminum, iron oxides, iron hydroxides, iron oxydroxides, steel, stainless steel, titanium ferrite in all its variants, boron, barite, Indian, Tungsten, carbonyl iron, iron pentacarbonyl, graphite, graphene, coltan, niobium, manganese, magnesium, tantalum, quartz, synthetic plastics, polymers, modified natural materials, thermoplastics, thermoset elastomers, resins and aerogels, water, plaster , cement, trical calcium silicate, bi calcium calcium silicate, t-alkaline aluminum, tetracalcium alumina conductor, dielectric liquids, cellulose, cotton, Fluopolymers, fiberglass, liquor and any combination of the above. 11.-ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DIMMING MESH, according to claim 10, characterized in that the degree of purity of the metal is greater than 15%. 12.-ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DIMMING MESH, according to claim 10, characterized in that the degree of purity of the metal is greater than 5% for highly conductive metals such as titanium ferrite in all its variants, boron, barite, indium, tungsten, iron c to rbonyl, pentacarbonyl iron, coltan, niobium, manganese, magnesium and tantalum; and for nonmetals with conductive characteristics such as graphite and graphene. 13.-ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DIMMER GRIP, according to claims 2 or 3, characterized by the mesh, is determined by a fabric selected from plain,

gripped

rep smooth, rep  gripped ligament tateflan,

ligament

flat,  ligament Dutch simple ,

ligament

serge,

ligament serge Dutch , ligament Dutch

reverse,

ligament from mesh wide, ligament serge from

five puffs

Y ligament o multi mesh.

14.-USE OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DIMMING MESH, according to claim 5, characterized in that it is used in applications in which the laminar body performs a function selected from decorative, sanitary and insulating. .