ES2396852A1 - Training and valoration machine of the specific force of kayakista with dynamic measurement system. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Training and valoration machine of the specific force of kayakista with dynamic measurement system. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDF

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ES2396852A1
ES2396852A1 ES201131476A ES201131476A ES2396852A1 ES 2396852 A1 ES2396852 A1 ES 2396852A1 ES 201131476 A ES201131476 A ES 201131476A ES 201131476 A ES201131476 A ES 201131476A ES 2396852 A1 ES2396852 A1 ES 2396852A1
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seat
load
machine
weights
training
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ES2396852B1 (en
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Jesús GARCÍA PALLARES
José María LÓPEZ GULLÓN
María Dolores TORRES BONETE
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/0076Rowing machines for conditioning the cardio-vascular system

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
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Abstract

Training machine and assessment of the specific strength of the kayaker with dynamic measurement system. The machine is designed to reproduce the technical gesture of a kayaker with the ability to manipulate the resistance or load to be overcome, and has a lower horizontal frame (1) and a rear and vertical frame (2), counting the lower frame ( 1) with a pair of side rails (3) on which slides a seat (5) related to a footrest (6) adjustable in separation from the seat (5), this being in turn related to a set of weights (4). ) selectable and sliding in ascending and descending direction in the vertical frame (2). By means of a linear speed transducer (19) anchored in the upper part of the fixed frame (2), it is possible to know the speed at which the load formed by the selected weights moves, and therefore the speed of the seat (5) in each repetition, as well as the intensity of the effort, the muscular power, and the number of repetitions made and realizable with the selected load. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Máquina de entrenamiento y valoración de la fuerza específica del kayakista con sistema dinámico de medida. Training machine and assessment of the specific strength of the kayaker with dynamic measuring system.

OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

La presente invención se refiere a una máquina de entrenamiento de la fuerza muscular, y mas 5 concretamente a un sistema dinámico de medida para el entrenamiento y la valoración de la fuerza específica del kayakista, permitiendo el entrenamiento de la fuerza útil a través de las manifestaciones de la fuerza máxima, fuerza resistencia y fuerza rápida en el mismo gesto técnico de competición del palista. The present invention relates to a muscle strength training machine, and more specifically to a dynamic measuring system for training and assessing the specific strength of the kayaker, allowing the training of useful force through manifestations. of the maximum force, resistance strength and rapid force in the same technical gesture of competition of the paddler.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Son numerosos los tipos de máquinas previstas para entrenamiento de la fuerza muscular y sus 10 diferentes manifestaciones, que actualmente están presentes en los gimnasios y salas de entrenamiento polivalente. There are numerous types of machines planned for muscle strength training and its 10 different manifestations, which are currently present in gyms and multipurpose training rooms.

La especificidad del entrenamiento es una de las reglas o principios fundamentales que rigen el proceso de entrenamiento y la optimización de las adaptaciones del organismo en deportistas de medio y alto nivel. Este principio de especificidad, demostrado por numerosas investigaciones científicas, se fundamenta en que los efectos de entrenamiento sobre el organismo son específicos al estímulo que se utilice: específico al sistema de energía, al grupo 15 muscular, tipo de fibras musculares, al tipo de movimiento, técnica de ejecución, tipo de contracción, velocidad de contracción, etc. The specificity of training is one of the fundamental rules or principles that govern the training process and the optimization of the body's adaptations in medium and high level athletes. This principle of specificity, demonstrated by numerous scientific investigations, is based on the fact that the training effects on the organism are specific to the stimulus used: specific to the energy system, to the muscle group, type of muscle fibers, to the type of movement , execution technique, type of contraction, contraction speed, etc.

Estudios realizados en el campo del entrenamiento deportivo también han demostrado que la velocidad a la que el usuario desplaza una resistencia es una variable válida y fiable que permite conocer la intensidad del esfuerzo que se está realizando. Igualmente, el control de la velocidad de desplazamiento de una carga o resistencia permite 20 prescribir la intensidad de forma individualizada, optimizando con ello el rendimiento deportivo y garantizando una práctica deportiva más saludable. Studies in the field of sports training have also shown that the speed at which the user moves a resistance is a valid and reliable variable that allows to know the intensity of the effort being made. Likewise, the control of the speed of movement of a load or resistance allows to prescribe the intensity individually, thereby optimizing sports performance and ensuring a healthier sports practice.

Actualmente, los diferentes gimnasios o salas de entrenamiento de fuerza disponen de una amplia gama de máquinas, aparatajes o halteras de peso libre que posibilitan el entrenamiento de las capacidades físicas de base o generales para la gran mayoría de las especialidades deportivas. 25 Currently, the different gyms or strength training rooms have a wide range of machines, equipment or free weight halteras that allow the training of basic or general physical capacities for the vast majority of sports specialties. 25

No obstante, no se conocen máquinas que, sobre el mismo gesto específico de paleo del kayakista, permitan realizar el entrenamiento de las diferentes manifestaciones de la fuerza muscular individualizando la resistencia a vencer (i.e., intensidad), así como conociendo la progresión del rendimiento deportivo. However, there are no known machines that, on the same specific gesture of kayakista paleo, allow the training of the different manifestations of muscle strength by individualizing the resistance to overcome (ie, intensity), as well as knowing the progression of sports performance .

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

La máquina que se preconiza ha sido concebida para resolver la problemática anteriormente expuesta, 30 en los aspectos anteriormente comentados y en otros que se irán exponiendo a lo largo de la presente descripción. The machine that has been recommended has been designed to solve the problem described above, 30 in the aspects mentioned above and in others that will be exposed throughout this description.

Más concretamente, la máquina de la invención se caracteriza porque incluye un bastidor inferior y horizontal con dos raíles paralelos entre los que desliza un asiento con reposapiés, pudiendo regularse la distancia entre asiento y reposapiés para adaptarse así a la longitud de las piernas del usuario. More specifically, the machine of the invention is characterized in that it includes a lower and horizontal frame with two parallel rails between which a seat with footrest slides, the distance between seat and footrest can be adjusted to thus adapt to the length of the user's legs.

El asiento deslizante por los raíles inferiores anteriormente comentados, está relacionado con un cable a 35 su vez vinculado a unas pesas previstas en una torre vertical y posterior, pesas que son deslizantes entre unas guías laterales y verticales y que cuentan con medios de selección de carga, es decir se puede situar mayor o menor número de pesas y por tanto mayor o menor resistencia asociada al asiento a través del cable anteriormente comentado, discurriendo éste a través de una polea inferior y otra superior, y vinculándose a la pesa superior, es decir la carga, a través de la parte superior de ésta. 40 The sliding seat on the lower rails mentioned above, is related to a cable at the same time linked to weights provided in a vertical and rear tower, weights that are sliding between lateral and vertical guides and that have load selection means , that is to say, greater or lesser number of weights can be placed and therefore greater or lesser resistance associated with the seat through the cable mentioned above, this one running through a lower and a higher pulley, and linking to the upper weight, that is to say the load, through the top of it. 40

La máquina así constituida se complementa además con un transductor lineal de velocidad previsto en la parte superior de los raíles verticales de deslizamiento. El cable de este transductor se fija en la primera pesa de la torre de cargas para medir la velocidad de desplazamiento de esta torre de pesas por el eje vertical. El transductor está a su vez conectado a una tarjeta capturadora de datos, y ésta a un ordenador personal con pantalla táctil. The machine thus constituted is also complemented by a linear speed transducer provided at the top of the vertical sliding rails. The cable of this transducer is fixed on the first weight of the load tower to measure the speed of movement of this weight tower along the vertical axis. The transducer is in turn connected to a data capture card, and this to a personal computer with a touch screen.

De acuerdo con lo anteriormente expuesto, el usuario se dispondrá sobre el asiento apoyando sus pies 45 In accordance with the above, the user will be placed on the seat supporting his feet 45

en el reposapiés regulable en longitud, de manera tal que en base a unas pértigas ancladas, a través de un cabo o cadena, a los extremos de un travesaño frontal en el interior del conjunto, permite que el empuñado de las pértigas derecha o izquierda establezca un traccionado sobre el punto fijo en el que cada pértiga está anclada, provocando que el asiento se deslice sobre el eje horizontal hacia delante, de manera que si el usuario realiza una tracción voluntaria máxima, la velocidad a la que se desplaza dicho asiento estará condicionada únicamente por la carga o resistencia 5 establecida por las pesas que se hayan seleccionado en la torre de carga. in the footrest adjustable in length, so that based on anchored poles, through a rope or chain, to the ends of a front crossbar inside the assembly, allows the grip of the right or left poles to establish a traction on the fixed point at which each pole is anchored, causing the seat to slide on the horizontal axis forward, so that if the user makes a maximum voluntary traction, the speed at which said seat moves will be conditioned only by the load or resistance 5 established by the weights that have been selected in the load tower.

El transductor comentado se complementará con un software específico que permitirá informar al usuario mediante feedback visual en una pantalla, así como oír a través de altavoces la velocidad alcanzada en cada repetición, todo ello de forma inmediata. The commented transducer will be complemented with specific software that will allow the user to be informed by visual feedback on a screen, as well as to hear through loudspeakers the speed reached in each repetition, all immediately.

Entre las aplicaciones prácticas, utilidades y ventajas de la máquina descrita, pueden citarse como más 10 destacables las siguientes: Among the practical applications, utilities and advantages of the machine described, the following can be mentioned as more than 10:

- El usuario realizará un entrenamiento específico de fuerza: Entrenamiento de la fuerza máxima, fuerza resistencia y fuerza rápida, en el mismo gesto técnico de competición del piragüista. - The user will carry out a specific training of strength: Training of the maximum strength, strength and fast strength, in the same technical gesture of the canoeist's competition.

- El usuario conocerá la intensidad de cada estimulo de entrenamiento, ya que el transductor lineal de velocidad permitirá conocer la intensidad que supone cada repetición de entrenamiento, así como la 15 fatiga acumulada dentro de una misma serie de repeticiones, entre series de repeticiones o entre sesiones de entrenamiento. - The user will know the intensity of each training stimulus, since the linear velocity transducer will allow to know the intensity of each training repetition, as well as the accumulated fatigue within the same series of repetitions, between series of repetitions or between training sessions.

- El usuario podrá programar la intensidad de entrenamiento, ya que el transductor lineal permite indicar el número de pesas o carga que se requerirá, de forma totalmente individualizada, de acuerdo al estado de forma actual y a los objetivos de entrenamiento del piragüista. 20 - The user will be able to program the training intensity, since the linear transducer allows to indicate the number of weights or loads that will be required, in a completely individualized way, according to the current state of the training and the training objectives of the canoeist. twenty

- El usuario conocerá la evolución de su rendimiento deportivo, ya que permite conocer la evolución del rendimiento físico en el tiempo, comparando los resultados de dicho ejercicio entre dos o mas fechas consecutivas, por lo que resulta una máquina ideal para evaluar la progresión del rendimiento físico del kayakista. - The user will know the evolution of his sports performance, since it allows to know the evolution of physical performance over time, comparing the results of said exercise between two or more consecutive dates, so it is an ideal machine to evaluate the progression of performance Kayaker physicist.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS 25 DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 25

Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. In an illustrative and non-limiting manner, the following has been represented:

La figura 1.- Muestra una representación correspondiente a una perspectiva general de la máquina de 30 entrenamiento de fuerza muscular realizada de acuerdo con el objeto de la invención. Figure 1 shows a representation corresponding to an overview of the muscle strength training machine made in accordance with the object of the invention.

La figura 2.- Muestra un detalle en perspectiva del sistema de guiado o desplazamiento del asiento establecido en la parte inferior, así como el tope de regulación del reposapiés respecto del asiento. Figure 2.- Shows a detail in perspective of the guidance or movement system of the seat established in the lower part, as well as the adjustment stop of the footrest with respect to the seat.

La figura 3.- Muestra, finalmente, otro detalle en perspectiva de la disposición de las pesas que han de constituir la carga en la torre vertical correspondiente, así como el elemento mecánico del selector de la carga y el 35 cable del transductor lineal de velocidad. Figure 3 shows, finally, another detail in perspective of the arrangement of the weights that will constitute the load in the corresponding vertical tower, as well as the mechanical element of the load selector and the cable of the linear speed transducer .

REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

Como se puede ver en las figuras referidas, la máquina de la invención comprende dos bastidores o partes (1 y 2), formando parte de un conjunto único, en donde el bastidor (1) es inferior y horizontal y en él están establecidas dos guías laterales (3), mientras que el bastidor vertical (2) lo forma una estructura en la que se guían, en 40 desplazamiento vertical, una serie de pesas que van a establecer la carga (4) correspondiente, como mas adelante se expondrá. As can be seen in the aforementioned figures, the machine of the invention comprises two frames or parts (1 and 2), forming part of a single assembly, where the frame (1) is lower and horizontal and two guides are established therein. lateral (3), while the vertical frame (2) is formed by a structure that guides, in vertical displacement, a series of weights that will establish the corresponding load (4), as will be discussed later.

En las guías horizontales e inferiores (3) de la parte o bastidor (1), desliza un asiento (5) del que forma parte un reposapiés (6), regulable en posición por medio de un tope (7), lo que permite establecer un mayor o menor distanciamiento respecto del propio asiento (5) y con ello adaptarse a la longitud de las piernas del propio usuario. En 45 la figura 2 pueden verse los medios de rodadura (8) del conjunto del asiento (5) sobre los raíles (3) anteriormente comentados. In the horizontal and lower guides (3) of the part or frame (1), slide a seat (5) of which a footrest (6) is part, adjustable in position by means of a stop (7), which allows to establish a greater or lesser distance from the seat itself (5) and thereby adapt to the length of the user's own legs. Figure 45 shows the rolling means (8) of the seat assembly (5) on the rails (3) mentioned above.

En correspondencia con el extremo anterior, se ha previsto un perfil o travesaño (9), al que están fijados los cabos o cadenas (10), con una disposición lateral, y vinculados a éstos respectivas pértigas (11), además de que ese travesaño o perfil anterior y transversal (9) constituye también el medio de fijación para un soporte (12) de una pantalla táctil y de visualización (13). In correspondence with the front end, a profile or crossbar (9) is provided, to which the ends or chains (10) are fixed, with a lateral arrangement, and linked to these respective poles (11), in addition to that crossbar or anterior and transverse profile (9) also constitutes the fixing means for a support (12) of a touch screen and display (13).

Por su parte, en el bastidor vertical y posterior (2) determinante de la torre de desplazamiento en sentido 5 ascendente y descendente de las cargas o pesas (4), incluye una pareja de poleas de re-envío (14 y 15), la primera de ellas prevista inferiormente y la segunda superiormente, para un cable (16) que por un extremo está fijado al propio asiento (5), de modo que el cable (16) es pasante por las poleas (14 y 15) y se fija a la pesa superior (4’). On the other hand, in the vertical and rear frame (2) determining the upward and downward displacement tower of the loads or weights (4), it includes a pair of re-shipping pulleys (14 and 15), the first of them provided inferiorly and the second superiorly, for a cable (16) that at one end is fixed to the seat itself (5), so that the cable (16) is passed through the pulleys (14 and 15) and is fixed to the upper weight (4 ').

Como se puede ver en la figura 3, el número de pesas (4) pueden seleccionarse mediante un selector de carga (17), que es mecánico y que fijará la pesa inferior sobre un vástago (18) susceptible de pasar por orificios 10 establecidos al efecto en las pesas (4), de manera que una vez dispuestas el número de éstas seleccionadas en el vástago (18), mediante el elemento mecánico del selector (17), se fijará el número de pesas relacionadas con el cable (16) y por lo tanto con la carga que ha sido seleccionada por parte del usuario en su disposición sobre el asiento (5). As can be seen in figure 3, the number of weights (4) can be selected by means of a load selector (17), which is mechanical and will fix the lower weight on a rod (18) capable of passing through holes 10 established to the effect on the weights (4), so that once the number of these selected on the rod (18) is arranged, by means of the mechanical element of the selector (17), the number of weights related to the cable (16) and therefore with the load that has been selected by the user in its arrangement on the seat (5).

La máquina se complementa además con un transductor lineal de velocidad (19), anclado en la parte superior del bastidor vertical y posterior (2), como se representa en la figura 1, de manera tal que a través del transductor 15 (19) referido es posible conocer la velocidad a la que se desplaza la carga que forman las pesas (4) seleccionadas y con ello conocer la velocidad a la que se desliza el asiento (5) en sus desplazamientos hacia delante y hacia atrás, traccionando el de la pértiga anclada (11) al travesaño anterior (9) que sirve de punto fijo. The machine is further complemented by a linear speed transducer (19), anchored at the top of the vertical and rear frame (2), as shown in Figure 1, such that through the transducer 15 (19) referred to it is possible to know the speed at which the load that the selected weights (4) move and thus know the speed at which the seat (5) slides in its forward and backward movements, pulling that of the pole anchored (11) to the front cross member (9) that serves as a fixed point.

Ese transductor (19) estará conectado a una tarjeta capturadora de datos de velocidad, por ejemplo con una frecuencia de muestreo de 1.000 Hz, y cuya tarjeta estará a su vez conectada a un ordenador personal asociado a la 20 pantalla táctil de visualización (13) ya comentada. La conexión del transductor (19) se realizará al conjunto de pesas (4) seleccionadas, y concretamente a la placa superior (4’) a través de un cable (20). That transducer (19) will be connected to a speed data capture card, for example with a sampling frequency of 1,000 Hz, and whose card will in turn be connected to a personal computer associated with the display touch screen (13) already commented. The transducer (19) will be connected to the set of weights (4) selected, and specifically to the upper plate (4 ’) through a cable (20).

De esta forma el usuario adoptará una posición sentada sobre el asiento (5), apoyando sus pies en los reposapiés (6), de manera que empuñando la pértiga podrá llevar a cabo una tracción sobre el punto fijo en el que tal pértiga está anclada, provocando que el asiento (5) se deslice hacia delante sobre el propio eje horizontal. Si el usuario 25 realiza una tracción voluntaria máxima, la velocidad a la que se desplaza dicho asiento (5) estará condicionada únicamente por la carga que establezcan las pesas (4) que se han seleccionado en la torre de cargas. In this way the user will adopt a sitting position on the seat (5), resting his feet on the footrests (6), so that by wielding the pole he will be able to carry out a traction on the fixed point at which such a pole is anchored, causing the seat (5) to slide forward on the horizontal axis itself. If the user 25 performs a maximum voluntary traction, the speed at which said seat travels (5) will be conditioned only by the load established by the weights (4) that have been selected in the load tower.

Por último decir que el software especifico del transductor (19) informará al usuario mediante feedback visual en la pantalla (13) y auditivo, a través de altavoces, de la velocidad alcanzada en cada repetición de forma inmediata, informando a su vez de la intensidad del esfuerzo, así como la potencia muscular y el número de repeticiones 30 realizadas y realizables con dicha carga seleccionada en cada momento. Finally, say that the specific software of the transducer (19) will inform the user through visual feedback on the screen (13) and auditory, through loudspeakers, of the speed reached in each repetition immediately, informing in turn of the intensity of the effort, as well as the muscular power and the number of repetitions 30 performed and achievable with said load selected at each moment.

Claims (3)

REIVINDICACIONES 1.- Máquina de entrenamiento y valoración de la fuerza específica del kayakista con sistema dinámico de medida, caracterizada porque se constituye mediante dos partes o bastidores (1 y 2), el primero de ellos horizontal y dotado de una pareja de guías (3) sobre las que es deslizante un asiento (5) asociado a un reposapiés (6) que es regulable en distanciamiento con respecto al propio asiento (5), mientras que el bastidor vertical (2) situado 5 posteriormente constituye un medio de guiado en el movimiento de ascenso y descenso de una carga formada por pesas (4) dotadas de un selector mecánico (17) que permite disponer el número de pesas (4) y por tanto la carga a vencer por parte del esfuerzo del usuario; habiéndose previsto que la pesa superior (4’) de la carga seleccionada esté relacionada con el asiento (5) a través de un cable (16) pasante por poleas de re-envío (15 y 15) establecidas en la parte inferior y superior, respectivamente, del bastidor vertical y posterior (2). 10 1.- Training machine and valuation of the specific force of the kayaker with dynamic measurement system, characterized in that it is constituted by two parts or frames (1 and 2), the first one horizontal and equipped with a pair of guides (3) on which a seat (5) associated with a footrest (6) that is adjustable in distance from the seat itself (5) is sliding, while the vertical frame (2) located subsequently constitutes a means of movement guidance of ascent and descent of a load formed by weights (4) equipped with a mechanical selector (17) that allows to arrange the number of weights (4) and therefore the load to be overcome by the user's effort; having provided that the upper weight (4 ') of the selected load is related to the seat (5) through a cable (16) through re-shipping pulleys (15 and 15) established in the lower and upper part, respectively, of the vertical and rear frame (2). 10 2.- Máquina de entrenamiento y valoración de la fuerza específica del kayakista con sistema dinámico de medida, según reivindicación 1, caracterizada porque se incluye un transductor lineal de velocidad (19) anclado en la parte superior del bastidor vertical y posterior (2) de deslizamiento en sentido ascendente y descendente de la carga que constituyen las pesas seleccionadas (4), estando dicho transductor (19) relacionado a la pesa superior (4’), a la que está fijado precisamente el extremo del cable (16) que relaciona dicho conjunto de pesas seleccionadas con al 15 asiento (5). 2. Training machine and valuation of the specific force of the kayaker with dynamic measurement system, according to claim 1, characterized in that a linear speed transducer (19) anchored in the upper part of the vertical and rear frame (2) of sliding up and down of the load constituting the selected weights (4), said transducer (19) being related to the upper weight (4 '), to which the end of the cable (16) that relates said set of weights selected with 15 seat (5). 3.- Máquina de entrenamiento y valoración de la fuerza específica del kayakista con sistema dinámico de medida, según reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque el transductor lineal de velocidad (19) está vinculado a una tarjeta capturadora de datos de velocidad y éste a su vez a un ordenador personal con pantalla táctil (13), todo ello complementado con el correspondiente software para informar al usuario visualmente y acústicamente de la velocidad 20 alcanzada en cada repetición, así como la intensidad del esfuerzo, la potencia muscular, y el número de repeticiones realizadas y realizables con la carga seleccionada. 3. Training machine and assessment of the specific force of the kayaker with dynamic measuring system, according to claim 2, characterized in that the linear speed transducer (19) is linked to a speed data capture card and this in turn to a personal computer with a touch screen (13), all complemented with the corresponding software to inform the user visually and acoustically of the speed 20 reached in each repetition, as well as the intensity of the effort, the muscular power, and the number of repetitions performed and achievable with the selected load.
ES201131476A 2011-09-08 2011-09-08 TRAINING AND ASSESSMENT MACHINE OF THE SPECIFIC FORCE OF THE KAYAKIST WITH DYNAMIC MEASUREMENT SYSTEM. Expired - Fee Related ES2396852B1 (en)

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GB2605432A (en) * 2021-03-31 2022-10-05 Heba Pilates Ltd An exercise apparatus

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