ES2390542A1 - Filter for water purification (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Filter for water purification, comprising a membrane (1) formed by at least two superimposed layers (11-12) of a material based on woven fibers, artificial or natural, which define respective walls, capable of retaining particles, impurities, salts and other contaminants; said walls being parallel and partially joined along lines or strips, which determine between them a series of connected ducts, which accommodate in their interior suitable filtering materials; so that when water is applied under pressure, the membrane retains the impurities molecules, while when introducing clean water under pressure through the internal ducts, it is possible to empty its content of filtering materials and, once empty, with the closed outlet, procure the cleaning of said walls when pushing the pressure water the exit of the impurities deposited in its pores to the outside. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Water purification filter.

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Object of the invention The present invention relates to a filter for wastewater purification, or from the food or chemical industry, as well as salt water purification, applying the principle of osmosis or reverse osmosis.

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Background of the invention.

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Wastewater treatment, whether from urban waste or any type of industry, consists of a series of processes that aim to eliminate physical, chemical> J biological contaminants present in the water, in order to obtain clean water or reusable Salt water must also be subject to purification, eliminating salts, other impurities and pollutants in the sea, for this the reverse osmosis process is used, which is based on the use of a semipermeable membrane that allows the passage of water , but not of dissolved ions, in this way that up to 95% of impurities, solids, bacteria, etc., present in the water are removed, which are separated and are retained in a system of filters and membranes where levels are eliminated of metals and salts. like lead and sodium, as well as nitrates, so harmful to health. In addition, it stops dissolved particles in water and controls the chemistry that causes odors and flavors, such as chlorine.

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The membrane filters incorporate in its interior fine materials capable of separating substances when water is passed through this membrane, which is provided with pores of small size, capable of retaining particles of sand, clay, algae and some bacterial species. The washing of this type of filters is carried out against the flow by passing water or pressurized air through the membrane to remove the accumulated solids on the surface of

the membrane itself. The cost of investment and operation is not low because it has to

continually renew the membrane as it is unusable with few uses.

The technical problem that arises is the development of a filter for

membrane type water purification lies not only in its optimal

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operation as an impurity retaining element, but also in a

element that can be easily cleaned and reusable.

Description of the invention

According to the invention, the filter for water purification

1st

it comprises a membrane, provided with pores of reduced size, capable of

retain particles, impurities, salts and other contaminants. Optionally, in the

inside this membrane active materials are introduced capable of increasing the

filtering power, retaining substances when water is passed

transversely, from one face to another of this membrane. According to ur: ~ a

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important feature of the invention this membrane is constituted by the

minus two overlapping layers of a woven fiber-based material6,

artificial or natural, that define porous, parallel walls.

The textile walls of this membrane are joined

peripherally forming an inner bed and, in a preferred embodiment,

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also along several lines or strips that determine between them a series

of attached ducts inside of which the materials are located

Filters suitable for the type of water to be purified with this filter. With this

configuration, when applying contaminated water under pressure on this membrane the

impurity molecules are retained and deposited on their walls

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porous and in the active materials included among them.

The cleaning of these membranes is carried out quickly and

simple, just provide the existing ducts between the two attached walls

of the membrane of at least one inlet and one outlet; so that at

introduce clean water or a pressure filter liquid through them,

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First, empty its content of filter materials. Once emptied

   these ducts, the exit is closed and, by maintaining the pressure at the entrance,

it produces the cleaning of said walls by the effect of clean water under pressure that

it causes the impurities deposited in its pores out.

In a specific and non-limiting embodiment, the filter for

Water purification of the invention has a membrane with three layers

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superimposed, which are also partially joined along lines or

strips that determine between them a series of conduits attached to both sides

of the intermediate layer. The ducts located on the pressure avocado face

of impure water are usually empty and the walls that make them up

they have different degrees of porosity, determining different levels of

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retention of impurity particles, in general the outer wall has a

lower degree of filtering than the intermediate wall for scanning

progressive impurities. For its part the ducts located on the low side

pressure, through which the purified water comes out, located on the other side of the wall

intermediate, they are full of filtering materials.

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All existing ducts between these walls, both

located on the face of the membrane avocado water to purify, at high pressure,

such as the ducts located on the low pressure face, through which the water flows

purified from the membrane, they have at least one input and one output of

water or a cleaning liquid, under pressure. First the content is emptied

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of impurities and filter materials, keeping the outlet open. One time

empty is cleaned, closing the outlet while water is introduced

pressurized inlet at the entrance, to drag impurities deposited in

its pores outside or to the attached chamber.

This water purification filter works effectively as

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impurity retaining element, also being an element that can

easily cleaned and therefore is reusable indefinitely, with

which is able to reduce costs in the debugging process.

Description of the figures.

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To complement the description that is being made and with

   in order to facilitate the understanding of the features of the invention,

accompanies to the present specification a set of drawings in which, with

Illustrative and non-limiting, the following has been represented:

Figures 1 a and 1 b show paths in front elevation and in longitudinal section of an embodiment of a filter made in accordance with the invention.

Figures 2a, 2b and 2c show elevational views, longitudinal section and cross section of a variant embodiment of a filter made according to the invention.

Figure 3 shows a cross section of another embodiment of a filter of the invention.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

In the example of embodiment shown in Figure 1, the filter object of the invention is constituted by a membrane (1) made of two layers (11-12) of a porous textile material, which has to pass through the contaminated water that is applied from the high pressure side (Lap), at a pressure P1 higher than the one on the opposite side, of purified water outlet. These walls (11-12) are joined through welding or sewing lines or strips (L1) that determine internal ducts (C1) that are filled with a filtering material that has the composition and texture appropriate to the type of water to be treated. .

As can be seen in Figure 1, the conduit (C1) is continuous running from a single inlet to the corresponding outlet.

On the contrary in the example illustrated in Figure 2, the conduits (C11, C12, ...) are in parallel and have independent inputs and outputs. In both cases, applying a pressure P2 through the inlets to these ducts is achieved in a first phase, in which the outlets are open, empty the content of existing filter material inside them; and, once this operation has been completed and the appropriate exits are closed, when applying clean water at a pressure P2, greater than the pressure P1 at that time, the walls (11-12) can be cleaned, dragging the impurities deposited in their pores to the outside, where they can be swept or

subsequently removed with pressurized water.

In the variant embodiment shown in Figure 3, the membrane

filter (1) is constituted in that case by three layers (11-13-12) superimposed,

also of a porous textile material. These layers are also joined by

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lines or strips that determine two groups of ducts: a first package of

annexed ducts (C3) defined between the inner wall (13) and the wall (11)

located on the high pressure side (Lap) by which contaminated water is applied to

P1 pressure. The other group of ducts (C2) are defined between the wall

interior (13) and the wall (12) located on the low pressure side (Lbp), whereby

1st

the purified water comes out.

In this embodiment, the cleaning of the ducts (C2-C3) is

First, it introduces clean water through the ducts (C2) to

empty them of filtering material (2) and then, once the outlets are closed and

applying P2 pressurized water through the inlets to obtain the removal of impurities

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towards the outside and on the other side of the intermediate chamber (13), which constitutes part

of the ducts (C3) attached. Finally in the ducts (C3) water is applied

Clean or P3 pressure filter liquid, to remove any impurities

was able to pass the intermediate chamber (13) during the cleaning process of the

ducts (C2) and, closed the exits proceed to clean the pores

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particularly the filter tissue (11) which is the one with the porosity of more

size to retain the thickest particles first. Finished the

cleaning phases fill the ducts (C2) with filter material again ~

the entrances to said ducts are closed (C2-C3), the membrane being ready

for a new debugging process.

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Once the nature of the invention has been sufficiently described, thus

as an example of preferred embodiment, it is stated for the purposes

Timely that the materials, shape, size and arrangement of the elements

described may be modified, as long as this does not imply

alteration of the essential characteristics of the invention claimed in

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   continuation.

Claims (4)

1.-Filter for water purification, comprising a membrane,

provided with small pores, capable of retaining particles, impurities

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salts and other contaminants, inside which optionally

incorporate active materials capable of increasing the filtering power, retaining

substances when water is passed from one side to another (Lap-Lbp) of this

membrane; characterized in that said membrane (1) comprises at least two

superimposed layers (11-12) of a textile material, based on woven fibers,

1st

artificial or natural, which define porous, parallel and joined walls

partially along lines or strips (L1), which determine between them or or

bed or a series of attached ducts (C1), which accommodate inside

suitable filter materials (2); on whose membrane (1) they are retained

the impurity molecules deposited, both in said porous walls eats>

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in the active materials included among them, by passing contaminated water to

pressure through it.

2. Filter for water purification according to claim 1.

characterized in that the existing ducts between the two attached walls

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(11-12) of the membrane (1), which are filled with filtering material (2), have

at least one entry and one exit, so entering through them

clean water or a pressure filter liquid, first empty its contents

filter materials (2) and, once these ducts have been emptied and the outlet closed,

while maintaining the pressure at the inlet, cause cleaning of said

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walls due to the pressure that evacuates impurities deposited in their

pores to the outside.

3.-Filter for water purification according to claim 1,

characterized in that said membrane has three superimposed layers (11-

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13-12) that are partially joined along lines or stripes, which

determine between them a series of ducts (C2-C3) on both sides of the layer

intermediate (13), the ducts (C3) being located on the side facing the

impure water pressure empty and made up of walls (11-13) with different

degrees of porosity, which determine different levels of particle retention

of impurities, while the ducts (C2) located

in the face low

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pressure from which the purified water comes out are filled with filtering materials (2).

4.-

Filter for depuration from waters, according the claim 3,

characterized in that both the ducts (C3) existing between the two walls

(11-13) located by the

face of the high pressure membrane (1), how the

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ducts (C2) located on the low pressure face of the membrane, formed

through the walls (13-11), they have at least one entrance and one exit, so that

introducing through them clean water under pressure, first empty your

impurity content and filtering materials and, once empty, with the outlet

closed while maintaining the pressure at the inlet, cause cleaning of

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sayings walls to the boost the Water to Pressure the exit from the impurities

deposited in their pores outside or to the attached chamber.