ES2377982T3 - Furnace for heat treatment of metal profiles - Google Patents

Abstract

Furnace (1) for the heat treatment of elongated metal draw pieces (2) including a chamber (3), having an inlet (5) and an outlet (6), heating means (32) of the chamber (3), displacement means (20,120) for transporting the draw pieces (2), in turn moved thanks to actuation means (25) and control means for adjusting the functioning of the furnace (1) itself. In particular, the displacement means (20,120) displace the draw pieces (2) in a direction parallel to their longitudinal extension in the two directions. The furnace may comprise multiple height levels, parallel insulated heating chambers and charging/discharging elevators.

Description

Furnace for heat treatment of metal profiles.

The present invention relates to a furnace for the heat treatment of extruded metal profiles or, more generally, metal elements extended according to a longitudinal direction. Such type of furnace is used in particular for the aging process of aluminum profiles, to which the following description will explicitly refer, without losing general character.

Normally the aging process of an aluminum profile takes place after the extrusion, cooling, stretching and cutting stages.

As is well known, such a process employs an oven into which the profiled parts are introduced in metal shelves, called baskets, within which they are supported. Such baskets, therefore, are stacked so as to substantially assume the dimension of the same oven.

In particular, the profiles are loaded, manually or automatically, into the baskets where they are separated from one another by means of dividers that are preferably covered, for example with a cloth, so as to prevent the same profiles from being damaged. Subsequently, the baskets are transported to the entrance of the oven, they are introduced in the latter and then, at the end of the time required to complete the heat treatment, they are extracted.

However, the ovens described above exhibit some drawbacks.

In the first place, they demand a high use of means, space, time and labor for the loading, unloading and transport of the baskets, with a consequent increase in the respective costs, especially the management of the warehouse and at the time level of production delay. Secondly, during such operations, impacts, shaking and displacement of the profiles arranged inside the baskets frequently take place, which results in more or less significant damage of the profiles themselves. Also, due to the remarkable dimensions and weight of the baskets, the operations of introduction and extraction of the same from the oven requires considerable time. This implies a significant loss of heat, which requires other furnace heating operations, to bring the temperature back to its exercise values, which is detrimental to the process times, costs, in particular those for consumption of energy, and productive yields. The energy consumption becomes even more noticeable due to the heat uselessly absorbed by the same baskets, since these are also made of metallic materials, generally of iron. In addition, the high amount of heat that comes out of the oven during the stages of introduction and extraction of the baskets generates, for the operators, uncomfortable working conditions. Some of these inconveniences, such as the high waste of resources (human and other), the high probability of profile damage during loading and unloading operations from the furnace, the significant loss of heat and the danger conditions that Represents the work environment for operators are partly resolved thanks to a second technology for heat treatment of metal profiles.

As is known, such technology consists of an internally dynamic oven in which the profiles are displaced through means of transport from the inlet to the outlet of the same oven in a predetermined time and at multiple levels in height. The transport of the profiles takes place perpendicularly with respect to their longitudinal extension, that is to say their length. In particular, the transport of the profiles is normally carried out with the backspace or square step technology.

However, this second type of oven also has some drawbacks. Since the displacement of the profiles within the furnace occurs transversely to its length, the furnaces must have a correspondingly considerable width and, therefore, a very robust and heavy structure. In addition, the width of the oven is restricted by external conditions, such as the size of the productive spaces and the capacity of the means of transport. For the sake of the foregoing, the oven may contain only profiles whose length is less than approximately 8,000 mm. In addition, normally the heating system is disposed within the upper surface of the oven and is provided with fans so as to uniform the temperature of the chamber. This implies an increase in the level of energy consumption, since the natural convective movement of rising hot air is not exploited. Known furnaces also exhibit the disadvantage of not allowing simultaneous treatment of profiles that require different temperatures, thus impairing the optimization of the production process of the profiles.

EP 1,469,089 A1 discloses an oven for aging elongated metal segments, comprising shelves defining a plurality of support surfaces arranged at different heights within the oven and a carriage for loading and unloading the oven.

In this situation, the fundamental technical task of the present invention is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks.

Therefore, the objective of the present invention is to provide a furnace for the heat treatment of metal profiles that requires a reduced use of resources (operators, movement means, warehouses, energy, etc.). Another objective of the present invention is to provide such an oven to reduce the risks of damaging the profiles during loading, unloading and internal displacement operations. Likewise, a further objective of the present invention is to provide a furnace that allows to treat thermally shaped profiles of great length, compatible with the spaces of the establishment and the conditions imposed by the displacement of the same profiles. In addition, an objective of the present invention is to provide an oven that has a reduced impact on the working conditions of the operators. Finally, an objective of the present invention is to provide an oven that has a rational and compact structure, that is easy to perform and whose cost is limited.

These and other objectives, which will be better apparent in the description that follows, are achieved, in accordance with the present invention, by a furnace for the heat treatment of metal profiles in accordance with the claims set forth below.

Other advantages and features of the present invention will be even more apparent from the description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of the furnace, more detailed below with reference to the following figures:

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Figure 1 shows a side view of an oven chamber according to a first embodiment, where the oven is provided with a single chamber;

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Figure 1a shows an enlarged detail of Figure 1;

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Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the oven of Figure 1 according to lines II-II;

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Figure 3 shows a front view of the oven of Figure 1;

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Figure 4 shows a side view of the chamber of an oven according to the present invention according to a first embodiment, wherein the oven is provided with two thermally insulated chambers;

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Figure 5 shows a section of the oven of Figure 4 along the lines V-V;

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Figure 6 shows a front view of the oven of Figure 4;

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Figure 7 shows a top view of the displacement means of a furnace in accordance with the present invention according to a first embodiment;

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Figure 8 shows a front view of the transfer means of an oven according to the present invention according to a first embodiment;

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Figure 8a shows a side view of the transfer means of Figure 8;

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Figure 8b shows a top view of the transfer means of Figure 8;

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Figure 9 shows a top view of an oven according to the present invention according to a second embodiment, where the oven is provided with two thermally insulated chambers;

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Figure 10 shows a side view of the displacement means of the oven of Figure 9;

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Figure 11 shows a top view of the displacement means of the oven of Figure 9;

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Figure 12 shows a front view of the displacement means of the oven of Figure 9;

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Figure 13 shows a front view of the oven displacement means of Figure 9 where the same displacement means are associated with the oven chamber and are in a first operative position;

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Figure 13a shows an enlarged detail of Figure 13;

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Figure 14 shows a front view of the oven displacement means of Figure 9 where the same displacement means are associated with the oven chamber and are in a second operative position;

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Figure 14a shows an enlarged detail of Figure 14.

Referring to the aforementioned figures, by means of the number 1 in the attached figures, an oven for the heat treatment of metal profiles and, in particular, an oven for the aging of aluminum profiles is shown. The profiles are denoted with the number 2 and in the figures they are represented in groups, more frequently called maps.

First, such an oven (1) includes a chamber (3), provided with an inlet (5) and an outlet (6) for the introduction and extraction, respectively, of the profiles (2) and thermally insulated with respect to the external part. Under operating conditions, said chamber (3) is heated through heating means (32) until it reaches a temperature suitable for the heat treatment process that is to be carried out, which, in the case of aging of aluminum, corresponds to approximately 200 °.

According to the present invention, the heating means (32), which are preferably burners, are arranged in a lower part (7) of the chamber (3). They can be installed on the floor, as can be seen in figures 3 and 6, or they can be placed substantially on their side, as can be seen in figures 13 and

14. In this way it is possible to exploit the natural upward convective movements of hot air, which results in savings in terms of energy consumption. Likewise, the heating means (32), advantageously, can be provided with blower means (33) (figures 3, 6, 13 and 14) for uniformly distributing the hot air inside the chamber (3), in order to prevent differences, even minimal, in the profiles (3) that are treated simultaneously.

To reduce the problem of thermal dispersion, which is extremely significant during the loading and unloading stages of the profiles (2) from the oven (1), the inlet (5) and the outlet (6) of the chamber ( 3) they can be advantageously provided with closing means (not shown in the figures) suitable for thermally insulating the same chamber (3) with respect to the external part during the process of thermal treatment of the profiles. They may include, for example, a spring-loaded door or an automatically operated gate.

According to the present invention, the furnace (1) also includes displacement means (20, 120), suitable for displacing the metal profiles (2), on which actuation means (25) act, to impart the movement. It should be clarified that in the attached figures, the drive means (25) are represented only in the first embodiment of the invention shown in figures 1 to 8b. In addition, generally such drive means (25) include electric motors (26) and are connected to the control means that govern their operation.

In particular, the displacement means (20, 120) are characterized by the fact that they displace the profiles (2) in a direction parallel to their longitudinal extension, that is to say their length. The profiles (2), in fact, are preferably arranged on said displacement means (20, 120) so as to have their longitudinal main axes extended according to the longitudinal extension direction of the same furnace (1). The above provides the possibility, when allowed by the dimensions of the spaces available, to treat profiles (2) of a theoretical maximum length of 48 meters (and a practical maximum length of 24 meters).

Another detail that characterizes the displacement means (20, 120) is that they are operatively active directly on the profiles (2), or rather on the profiling maps, as can be seen in the attached figures.

Other components of a furnace (1) according to the present invention, in fact, are the control means (not shown) operatively substantially active on the heating means (32) and the actuating means (25) and, advantageously, also the closing means, for example in the case of automatic gate. Such control means govern the heat treatment process, in all its parts, to be carried out and include an electronic card provided with a microprocessor, where software and interface means have been implemented to define the operating parameters from the external part. It is possible to establish, for example, the temperature at which the chamber (3) of the oven (1) must be brought and maintained by acting on the heating means (32) or the residence time of the profiles (2) inside the oven (one). In addition, temperature sensors can be connected to the control means inside the chamber (3) to detect and, accordingly, adjust the temperature of the same chamber (3).

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oven (1) is characterized by a chamber (3) that includes at least two secondary chambers (4) thermally insulated from each other and with inlet mouths (8) and outlet nozzles (8). 9), heating means (32), displacement means (20, 120) and actuation means (25) for thermally treating the profiles (2) at different temperatures, as can be seen in Figures 4, 5, 6 and 9 It is preferably the same chamber (3) of the oven (1) that is subdivided into two secondary chambers (4) through an insulating wall (10) (Figures 5, 6 and 9). These two chambers (4) are generally made so that they have their inlet mouths (8) and their outlet mouths (9) juxtaposed with each other, to rationalize and simplify the stages of introduction and extraction of the profiles (2) from the oven (1) (figure 5).

In this case, the two chambers (4) are governed separately through control means, both as regards the temperature level and the residence times of the profiles (2) inside the oven (1).

Alternatively, the heat treatment of profiles (2) that require different temperatures can be carried out using two furnaces (1) arranged juxtaposed with one another in a longitudinal direction.

The invention conceived in this way is susceptible to several variants and modifications, all within the scope of the inventive concept.

In a first variant of the oven, the displacement means (20) are suitable for transporting the profiles (2) from the inlet mouth (5) to the outlet mouth (6) of the chamber (3) in a predetermined time and established for each profile map (2), equal to that necessary to complete the aging process.

Preferably, said displacement means (20) include rollers (21), on which the actuating means (25) act, arranged between the inlet (5) and the outlet (6) of the chamber (3). from the oven

(1) and located so as to present their main axes (22) parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction of travel of the profiles (2).

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a motor (26) has been included for each group of rollers (21), so that each of these groups of rollers (21) can be driven independently from the others, with considerable advantages (illustrated below) in terms of flexibility of the heat treatment process carried out. Alternatively, a separate motor (26) could be included for each roller (21), in order to convert the movement of each independent roller (21) with respect to the others. However, this last solution entails higher costs and greater difficulties of execution.

In addition, the drive means (25) allow the rollers (21) to be moved in both directions, allowing the operator controlling the oven (1) to correct possible errors in the configuration of the operating parameters or to improve the filling of the oven (1) to through the means of control. In fact, the movement means (20) are reversibly installed so that the direction of movement of the profiles (2) can be reversed.

As an alternative to the rollers (21), the displacement means (20) can also include conveyor belts (alternative not shown). In this case, it is very important to use perforated tapes to ensure an appropriate thermal exchange between the profiles (2) and the chamber (3) during the permanence of the same profiles

(2) inside the oven (1).

An oven (1) according to this first variant also includes transfer means (30) of the profiles (2), operatively connected to the inlet mouth (5) of the chamber (3) of the oven (1) to place the profiles ( 2) on the displacement means (20) and in correspondence of the outlet mouth (6) of the chamber (3) to collect the profiles (2) from the displacement means (20) at the end of the heat treatment. Figure 8 shows the transfer means (30) arranged in correspondence of the furnace inlet port. Said means (30) are suitable for moving the profiles (2) according to a direction of advance (34) towards the inlet mouth (5) of the oven (1), thanks to the advance means (37) which, as can be seen In Figure 8b, they preferably consist of rollers. In particular, the profiles (2) are placed on the movement means (20) by the transfer means (30) so that the longitudinal main axes are arranged substantially parallel to each other and extending according to the direction of longitudinal extension of the same oven (1).

The parts of the displacement means (20) and of the transfer means (30) that mainly come into contact with the profiles (2) at high temperature are preferably coated with a thermally insulating material and are structured so as to reduce the possibility of damage of the same profiles (2) during the movement, for example with some type of fabric.

The displacement means (20) can be arranged on a single height level (23) but, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, they are arranged on a plurality of different height levels (23) to define a plurality of different paths of displacement (24) of the profiles (2) inside the oven (1) (figures 1, 2, 4 and 6).

In this case, therefore, the transfer means (30) also include elevators (31) to move the profiles (2) to the different height levels (23) on which the movement means (20) are arranged. As can be seen in Figure 8, in effect, the transfer means (30) are suitable for moving the profiles (2) not only in a forward direction (34) but also in an upward direction (35) and a downward direction (36).

In particular, for example, the furnace (1) can be structured in a multiplicity of height levels (23) accessible by a first elevator (31) for loading profiles (2) and by a second elevator (31) for perform the extraction

A peculiar feature of the displacement means (20) arranged in a plurality of height levels (23) is the independence of movement between said levels (23), allowed for example by the independence of movement of the different rollers (21) and for the flexibility of the control means. In this way, in the same oven

(1) it is possible to treat profiles (2) that require different residence times, for example, due to a different length or different section dimensions.

More precisely, each type of profiling (2), characterized for example by a particular length and by the dimensions of its section is placed on the displacement means (20) arranged at a certain height level (23) to allow a displacement within of the oven (1) adjusted by an established rhythm. Depending on the parameters set by the operator, which on the other hand may be corrected during the heat treatment, the control means operate the drive means (25) in a controlled manner until the end of the profiling treatment (2). After which, the transfer means (30), also governed by the control means, extract the profiles (2) to take them to the next stages of their production process and the control means, if necessary, adjust the arrangement of the profiles (2) that were left in the oven (1), to improve their filling and, therefore, the performance of the same process.

In a second embodiment of an oven (1) according to the present invention, the displacement means (120) can be operatively associated from the external part corresponding to the inlet mouth (5) of the oven

(one)

 to carry out the introduction and placement of the profiles (2) in the oven (1) and from the external part corresponding to the outlet (6), to carry out the extraction of the profiles (2) from the oven (1). Advantageously, moreover, the inlet mouth (5) and the outlet mouth (6) of the chamber (3) can coincide. In the latter case, the displacement means (120) can be operatively associated from the external part corresponding to the inlet mouth (5) of the chamber (3), to carry out both the introduction and removal of the profiles (2).

Likewise, the displacement means (120) can be moved in a substantially transverse direction with respect to the oven (1) to serve the two secondary chambers (4) of the same oven (1) or two ovens

(one)

 different in juxtaposed arrangement according to a longitudinal direction. As can be seen in Figure 12, advantageously the displacement means (120) can be provided with wheels (127) associated with a lower part (128) thereof, preferably suitable for sliding transversely with respect to the oven (1) on rails associated with the floor on which they are supported.

In particular, therefore, in the first case each furnace (1) can be provided with two displacement means (120), one arranged in correspondence of the entrance (5) of the chamber (3) with the task of carrying out the introduction of the profiles (2) and one arranged in correspondence of the outlet (6) to carry out the extraction. In the second case, on the contrary, a single means of movement (12) can serve one or more furnaces (1).

In accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention, the oven (1) includes means (131) for supporting the profiles (2) inside it during the heat treatment. As can be seen in Figures 9, 13 and 14, these means (131) are advantageously associated in a manner integral with the chamber (3) and include a plurality of support bars (132) substantially parallel to each other, so as to form a kind of comb, associated with a first wall (137) longitudinal to the chamber (3) and defining a plurality of first interstices (134) between the different support bars (132).

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the different support means (131), that is to say the various groups of support bars (132) are arranged on a plurality of different height levels (133) to define a plurality of different paths of heat treatment (135) of the profiles (2) inside the oven (1).

In addition, the chamber (3) includes a plurality of guides (136) associated with a second longitudinal wall (138) thereof, opposite the first (137), arranged, respectively, in correspondence of the different levels in height (133 ) defined by the support means (131).

Preferably, said guides (136) extend longitudinally, parallel to the direction of travel of the profiles, along at least a part of the second longitudinal wall (138) of the chamber (3).

Always in accordance with the present invention, the displacement means (120) include means (121) for the introduction and removal of the profiles (2) which, in turn, include a plurality of support elements

(122) installed on a support element (123). Such support elements (122) are substantially placed parallel to each other and are arranged so as to define a plurality of second interstices (124), also assuming a comb-like conformation, to interact with the plurality of support bars (132) in correspondence of a certain height level (133) to place the profiles (2) on the support bars

(132) and collect them from these bars (132) once the heat treatment is finished.

More precisely, the support element (123) to which the support elements (122) are associated can move in a longitudinal direction, denoted in the figure with the number 126, with respect to the oven (1), and thus the support elements (122) can move between a delayed position, in which all the support elements (122) are outside the oven (1), and an advanced position, in which the support elements (122) are, at less in part, inside the oven (1). Preferably, as can be seen in Figures 10, 13 and 14, the support element (123) can move between said two positions, linking to the lower part (136a) of the guide (136) located in correspondence of a certain level in height (133) and sliding, through small wheels (129), on the upper part (136b) of the underlying guide (136).

In addition, the travel means (120) can be moved in a vertical direction (125) (figure 10) through the drive means (25) (not shown in the figures corresponding to the second execution) in order to ensure that the they reach the different levels in height (133) to link and slide on the corresponding guide (136) during their movement from the delayed position to the advanced position or vice versa.

On the other hand, the support elements (122) can move together with respect to the support element (123), reversibly, from a first position, in which said elements (122) are above the support bars (132) ) that define a certain level in height (133) (figure 13a), to a second position in which the support elements (122) are below those bars (132) (figure 14a). In particular, the support elements (122) can be moved from the first to the second position for the introduction of the profiles (2) on the support bars (132) and from the second to the first position for the extraction of the profiles (2) from the support bars (132). The support elements (122) can be moved from the first to the second position or from the second to the first position through an intermediate position in which at least one of the support elements (122) is inserted into one of the first interstices (134) defined by the support bars (132) and, reciprocally, at least one support bar (132) is introduced into one of the second interstices (124) defined by the support elements (122). More precisely, therefore, the two combs composed of the support bars (132) and the support elements (122) are intersected, at least partially, in the respective interstices (134, 124) and, thus, The support elements (122) can release or collect the different profiles (2) from the support bars (132).

Each of the four types of movement of the displacement means (120) described, that is to say the movement in the transverse direction with respect to the furnace (1), the movement between the advanced position and that delayed and in a vertical direction of the introduction and extraction means (121) and the movement between the first and second positions of the support elements (122) is allowed by the actuation means (25) and governed through the control means.

By way of example, the displacement means (120), shown in details in Figures 10, 11 and 12, have approximately a longitudinal extension of 30 meters and a height of 9 meters.

Preferably, the support means (131) and the introduction and extraction means (121) can be coated with materials capable of absorbing impacts and resisting high temperatures, to reduce the risk of damaging the profiles (2) during their movement and reduce the need for maintenance due to wear of the components.

While an oven (1) according to the first execution is totally dynamic, since the profiles (2) are displaced during the heat treatment, an oven (1) according to this second execution can be both static and dynamic, depending on the use. In fact, although the profiles (2) are housed inside the oven (1) on a fixed and integral structure with the chamber (3), for each height level (133), through the means of movement (120) , it is possible to extract part of the profiles (2) from the oven (1), put profiles (2) back into the oven (1) or introduce profiles (2) onto the support bars (132) that were empty.

Preferably, a furnace according to the second execution becomes dynamic using two displacement means (120) dedicated, respectively, to the introduction and extraction of the profiles, since the software implemented in the control means in the case of media Individual displacement (120) that perform the dual function of introduction and extraction could be too complicated.

In fact, the materials used, as well as the dimensions, can be any, depending on the needs of the case.

Likewise, all the details can be replaced by other technically equivalent elements.

The present invention achieves important advantages.

In the first place, a furnace for the heat treatment of metal profiles according to the present invention considerably reduces the problem of thermal dispersion, thanks to the automation that has made it possible to accelerate especially the loading and unloading stages of the profiles from the oven, the use of closing means in the inlets and outlets of the chambers, the use of a structure on multiple levels in height and the transport parallel to the longitudinal extension of the same profiles that allow dimensionally reduce the areas of entry and out. This conveniently influences costs, especially energy consumption, times and, therefore, productive yields. The reduction of the energy dispensing is also encouraged by the placement of the heating means on a lower surface of the chamber, so as to exploit the upward convective movement that naturally characterizes hot air, contrary to what happens in type furnaces. known, where the heating means are arranged on the upper surface of the oven.

On the other hand, the high level of automation that characterizes the present invention with respect to the preceding technologies and the paths over the multiple height levels created allow reducing the use of resources and spaces with cost-level benefits, in particular those corresponding labor and warehouses, and increase the productivity not only of the heat treatment process itself but also of the entire profiling production process.

The reduction of heat loss, automation and the total management of the plant through the control means have also allowed to improve the working conditions of the operators and reduce the possibility of damaging the profiles during the heat treatment.

Another advantage is that the displacement of the profiles parallel to their longitudinal extension and their location in the oven with the main axis arranged parallel to the longitudinal extension of the oven have allowed lightening the structure of the same oven, especially in width, and carrying out the heat treatment stage even before the cutting stage, since, compatible with the dimensions in space and the capacity of the transfer means, the oven may contain profiles with a theoretical maximum length of 48 mm.

In addition, the embodiments of the present invention that include a furnace with multiple secondary chambers have the advantage of being in a position to thermally treat profiles with different temperature requirements at the same time, with a significant saving of production times and an increase in rationality and the effectiveness of

5 same production process. Again, a single large oven with multiple chambers operating at different temperatures allows economies of scale to explode significantly in comparison to multiple furnaces of smaller dimensions, inducing some benefits, such as reduced energy consumption, reduced heat dispersion and Less use of human resources.

The furnace corresponding to both runs exhibits the additional advantage of allowing the heat treatment of

10 profiles that require different residence times within the oven, with important advantages over the optimization and efficiency of the production process, especially thanks to the remote management of the operation of the same oven by the control means.

The second execution, in addition, exhibits an important maintenance-level advantage due to the wear of the furnace components, since the components (bearings, chains, etc.) that work at high temperature, are significantly reduced, using support means fixed instead of the rollers or conveyor belts used

In the first execution.

Claims (16)

1.-Oven (1) for the heat treatment of metal profiles (2) which includes: a chamber (3) with an inlet (5) and an outlet (6) and thermally insulated with respect to the external, means heating (32) of said chamber (3), displacement means (20, 120) for displacing said metal profiles (2), actuation means (25) operatively active on said displacement means (20, 120) to impart the movement to said displacement means (20, 120), control means operatively active on said heating means (32) and said actuation means (25), and means (131) for supporting said profiles (2) in said furnace (1) during heat treatment associated in solidarity with said chamber (3), said support means (131) including a plurality of support bars (132) substantially parallel to each other, associated with a first longitudinal wall (137) of said chamber (3) and arranged so as to define a plurality of first interstices (134) between said support bars (132), wherein said support means (131) are arranged in a plurality of different levels in height (133) to define a plural On different paths (135) of heat treatment of said profiles (2) in said oven, said displacement means (120) include means for introducing and extracting (121) of said profiles (2) from said oven (1) which can moving between a delayed position outside said oven (1) and an advanced position in which they are, at least partially, within said oven (1) and said introduction and removal means (121) include a plurality of support elements ( 122) installed on a support element (123) movable longitudinally with respect to said furnace (1), said support elements (122) being located substantially parallel to each other and arranged so as to define a plurality of second interstices (124) between said support elements (122) suitable for interacting with said plurality of support bars (132) to place said profiles (2) on said plurality of support bars (132) and collect said profiles (2) from said plurality of support bars (132) once the heat treatment is finished; characterized in that said chamber (3) includes a plurality of guides (136) associated with a second longitudinal wall (138) of said chamber (3), opposite to said first longitudinal wall (137), arranged respectively in correspondence of said height levels (133) so as to extend them longitudinally, parallel to said direction of travel of said profiles (2), along at least a part of said second longitudinal wall (138) of said chamber (3), by the made said introduction and extraction means (121) are displaced according to a vertical direction (125) by said actuation means so as to reach one of said height levels (133) to link them and slide on the corresponding guide (136) and by the fact that said displacement means (20, 120) are suitable for moving said profiles (2) in a direction parallel to the longitudinal extent of said profiles (2). 2. Oven (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said heating means (32) are provided with blower means (33) for uniformly distributing the hot air inside said chamber (3). 3. Oven (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said drive means (25) include electric motors (26). 4. Oven (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said control means include an electronic card provided with a microprocessor and interface means for establishing operating parameters from the outside. 5. Oven (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also includes means for closing said inlet (5) and said outlet (6) of said chamber (3) during heat treatment of said profiles (2), operatively connected with said control means, to reduce heat loss in said chamber. 6. Oven (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said chamber (3) includes at least two secondary chambers (4) thermally insulated from each other and provided with inlet mouths (8) and mouths of outlet (9), heating means (32), displacement means (20, 120) and actuation means (25) for thermally treating said profiles (2) at different temperatures. 7. Oven (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said displacement means (120) can be operatively associated from the corresponding external part of said inlet mouth (5) of said oven (1) ) to carry out the introduction and placement of said profiles (2) in said oven (1) and can be operatively associated from the corresponding external part of said outlet mouth (6) of said oven (1) to carry out the extraction of said profiles (2) from said oven ( one). 8. Oven (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that said inlet mouth (5) and said outlet mouth (6) of said chamber (3) coincide and that said displacement means (120) can be externally operated in correspondence of said inlet mouth (5) of said oven (1) to carry out both the introduction and removal of said profiles (2) from said oven (1). 9. Oven (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that said displacement means (120) can be moved in a substantially transverse direction with respect to said furnace (1) to carry out the introduction and / or extraction of said profiles (2) from said at least two secondary chambers (4) of said oven (1) or from at least two of said ovens (2) arranged juxtaposed in a longitudinal direction. 10.-Oven (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support element (123) to which the support elements (122) are associated can move according to a longitudinal direction (126), with respect to the oven (1 ), and thus the support element (123) can move between a delayed position, in which all the support elements (122) are outside the oven (1), and an advanced position, in which the elements of support (122) are, at least in part, inside the oven (1), where the support element (123) can move between said two positions by linking to a lower part (136a) of the guide (136) located in correspondence of a certain level in height (133) and sliding, through small wheels (129), on an upper part (136b) of the underlying guide (136). 11. Oven (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said plurality of support elements (122) can be reversibly moved with respect to said support element (123) from a first position, in which said plurality of support elements (122) is above said plurality of support bars (132) at a certain height level (133), to a second position, in which said plurality of support elements (122) it is below said plurality of support bars (132) defining said certain height level (133), said plurality of support elements (122) being able to move from said first to said second position for the introduction of said profiles (2) on said plurality of support bars (132) and from said second to said first position for the extraction of said profiles (2) from said plurality of support bars (132). 12. Oven (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that said plurality of support elements (122) can move from said first to said second position or from said second to said first position through an intermediate position in which at least one of said support elements (122) is introduced into one of said first interstices (134) defined by said plurality of support bars (132) and, reciprocally, at least one support bar (132) is inserted in one of the second interstices (124) defined by the support elements (122) so that the two combs that are composed of the support bars (132) and of the support elements (122) are intersected, at least in part, in the respective interstices (134, 124) and, thus, the support elements (122) can be released or picked up from the bars of support (132) the different profiles (2). 13.-Oven (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, the oven being provided with two displacement means (120), one located in correspondence of the inlet mouth (5) of the chamber (3) and with the task to introduce the profiles (2) and one located in correspondence of the outlet (6) to carry out the extraction. 14.-Oven (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is suitable for the heat aging treatment of aluminum profiles (2). 15. Oven (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said introduction and extraction means (121) are displaced in a vertical direction (125) by said actuation means (25) so as to reach one of said levels in height (133) to link and slide on the corresponding guide (136) during its movement from the delayed position to the advanced position or vice versa. 16.-Plant for the heat treatment of metal profiles (2), characterized by the fact that it includes an oven (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.