ES2366724B1 - PREFABRICATED PLATE FOR FORGED AND MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE OF SUCH PLATE. - Google Patents

Abstract

Prefabricated slab for slabs and manufacturing process of said slab, which consists of a layer (1) of concrete, incorporated on a set of interlocking elements (2) and a reinforcement formed by prestressed elements (3), integrating the whole one piece unit for application mounting.

Description

Bera armor tension, which transmits some

Prefabricated slab for slabs and manufacturing process of said slab. Technical sector

The present invention is related to the field of construction, proposing a lightened prefabricated slab for slabs, with which important advantages are obtained for the manufacture of application slabs. State of the art

Conventionally, the structure of the buildings consists of pillars and beams, which make up the main resistant structure of the building, transmitting the loads horizontally through the beams and vertically through the pillars to the foundations.

The slabs are structural elements that transmit the loads they support and their own weight to the elements that support them, such as beams and pillars, serving as a separation between the floors of the constructions, as well as in the formation of the lower plate and the roof higher.

There are semi-prefabricated slabs that are conventionally made up of prefabricated joists and interwoven elements, on which concrete is poured forming a compression layer, by means of which an integral assembly with very effective resistant characteristics is determined.

Now, according to the conventional embodiment, the semi-prefabricated slabs are completely assembled on site, arranging the joists and then between them the elements of interwoven successively one after the other, which is a slow and laborious work, wandering the operators above it the elements that are assembled, with the risk of breaking any of the interwoven elements, dropping the operator above.

On the other hand, on-site manufacturing entails technical risks arising from the lack of control of working conditions, such as the appearance of contamination between concrete, etc., and in this same sense, on site it is impossible to apply prestressing techniques in the concrete layer that is incorporated above the assembly formed by the joists and the interlocking elements, thereby wasting the strength advantages provided by the prestressing.

There are prefabricated slabs for slabs formed with prestressed concrete, but these slabs do not incorporate a hollow structural formation such as that determined by the interlocking elements, so they lack the technical advantages of lightening and insulating the slabs formed with these elements. Object of the invention

In accordance with the present invention, a prefabricated slab for slabs is proposed, formed by a slab of prestressed concrete arranged on a set of conventional interwoven elements, the method for the manufacture of said plate being also object of the invention, which consists in the placement of the interlocking elements, providing for them a prestressed reinforcement, which can be with bars, rods, cables, or any type of conventional elements used in said function, to incorporate the contribution on the whole of a concrete layer, of preconditions to concrete.

In this way the plate object of the invention is made of prestressed concrete that determines a great resistance, incorporating the structural formation of interlocking elements that provide advantages of lightness and insulation.

Between the prestressed reinforcement and the covering concrete, prestressed formations are determined on the sides of the interlocking elements, which have resistant characteristics such as those of the joists used in conventional slabs, while the concrete that remains at the top determines characteristics similar to those of the compression layer of conventional floor slabs.

The realization of this prefabricated plate object of the invention can be carried out by sliding molding with a molding machine such as those used for the formation of joists of conventional floor slabs, with an adaptation of the shaping tool according to the width of the plate to be formed; the formation of the plate can also be carried out by a fixed molding.

The sliding molding system consists of progressively making, by means of a mobile molding machine, the contribution of the covering concrete on the previously arranged set of the interlocking elements and the prestressed reinforcement.

For the fixed molding, the interlocking elements and the prestressed reinforcement are arranged inside a mold defined internally with the shape of the plate to be obtained, then filling said mold with concrete, which is maintained in the mold until it is set.

In both systems, after setting the concrete of the outer layer that covers the interwoven elements and the prestressed reinforcement, the anchors of the prestressed reinforcement are released, thereby acquiring the concrete the required preload condition.

For commissioning, said prefabricated plate object of the invention can be made with the precise length in each case, or it can be cut to the necessary extent of a plate of greater length, the necessary plates being arranged consecutively side by side. , extending over a reinforced concrete layer to unify the assembly and form the definitive compression layer, requiring in this case a very reduced concrete layer, since the plates used already incorporate into their formation a layer that partially acts as The compression layer

A plate is thus obtained with the advantages provided by the prefabricated elements, such as the absence of risk of contamination between construction concretes, favoring the absorption of the expansions, as well as the possibility of preloading the concrete construction, achieving a greater resistant capacity. Such characteristics, together with the need for a lower contribution of concrete to form the compression layer of the slab, determine that the assembly of the constructions is much faster and cheaper than with the conventional system, also allowing conditions of greater safety, at Eliminate the operation of placing the interlocking elements that can break when wandering over them.

3 EN 2366724A1 4

On the other hand, the use of this prefabricated plate object of the invention, allows to reduce the logistics of materials, eliminating the need to have to acquire and transport joists and interlocking elements separately.

According to the invention, a prefabricated slab for slabs is obtained, which due to its functional and construction characteristics is very advantageous, acquiring its own life and preferential character for the application function for which it is intended, effectively and practical solving the realization of a lightened floor of resistant characteristics and the possibility of its formation in a fast, simple and safe way. Description of the fi gures

Figure 1 shows a cross section of the recommended plate, according to an exemplary embodiment.

Figure 2 shows the arrangement of the interlocking elements and the prestressed reinforcement to form the recommended plate according to the process of the invention.

Figure 3 shows the arrangement of the previous figure with partial incorporation of the concrete from its outer layer.

Figure 4 shows a perspective of the finished assembly of a prefabricated plate according to the invention.

Figure 5 shows a front view of two adjacent prefabricated plates according to the site arrangement for the formation of a slab.

Figure 6 shows the section of a floor made with the prefabricated plates of the previous figure. Detailed description of the invention

The object of the invention refers to a prefabricated slab for slabs, as well as the method for its manufacture, with constructive and functional characteristics that allow the realization of slabs in a fast, simple and safe way, also obtaining a slab of characteristics resistant superior to conventional floors.

The recommended plate consists of an outer layer

(1) prestressed reinforced concrete, incorporated on interlocking elements (2) of conventional type arranged consecutively forming a continuous row.

Inside the concrete layer (1) there are armature elements (3), which can be bars, rods, cables, etc., preferably of steel, whose number and position may vary depending on the required speci fi cations, said bars (3) being arranged in a prestressed manner.

The concrete layer (1) determines on the sides of the interlocking elements (2) zones

(1.1) in which a series of elements are included

(3) of prestressed reinforcement, said zones (1.1) forming formations that perform the resistant functions of the joists of conventional slabs, while in the upper part said concrete layer (1) determines a zone (1.2) that makes the functions of the compression layer with which the structural set of joists and interlocking elements in the slabs is conventionally covered.

For the manufacture of the recommended plate, the set of the interlocking elements (2) and the reinforcement elements (3), as shown in Figure 2, are arranged, establishing the reinforcement elements (3) attached at their ends to anchors provisional with a tension, so that the concrete layer (1) is incorporated on the set thus arranged, as shown in Figure 3, determining a joint joined as a single piece, as shown in the figure

Four.

The incorporation of the outer layer (1) of concrete can be carried out by sliding a continuous molding machine on the set of the interlocking elements (2) and the reinforcement elements (3), from one end to the other, so that during the advancement said machine provides the layer forming concrete (1) with the required shape. Once the formation of the layer (1) is finished under these conditions, the assembly is allowed to stand, and when the concrete has set the elements (3) of the tension anchors are released, bringing the tension of said bars (3 ) provides the concrete layer (1) with a preload state.

Without altering the concept of the invention, the fabrication of the plate can be carried out in a fixed mold, with the interlocking elements (2) and the reinforcement elements (3) being arranged inside, the latter being held by the ends in a tensioning arrangement, after which the mold is filled with the concrete intended to form the outer layer (1) of the plate to be obtained. The assembly thus arranged is allowed to stand and, once the concrete is set, the anchoring anchors of the tension elements (3) are released, whereby the concrete layer (1) acquires a preload state.

Thus, for the formation of a slab with this type of plates object of the invention, the necessary plates are arranged successively, side by side, as shown in Figure 5, then incorporating above, the reinforcement and the concrete necessary to form a unifying compression layer (4) of the assembly, as shown in Figure 6, so that for conditions similar to those of a conventional floor, the concrete layer (4) to be extended above The prefabricated plates only have to be equivalent to a part of the thickness of the necessary compression layer, since the zone layer (1.2) that determines the concrete layer (1) of the prefabricated plates acts as a compression layer, having only to be complemented to the necessary thickness, so that to form the necessary complement layer (4) it is necessary to pour much less concrete than to form the compression layer in conventional slabs.

5 EN 2366724A1 6

Claims (7)

one.

Prefabricated floor slab, characterized in that it consists of a layer (1) of concrete, which is incorporated on a set of interlocking elements (2) successively arranged and a reinforcement formed by prestressed elements (3) arranged parallel to the succession of interlocking elements (2), the unit integrating a unit piece for the application assembly.

2.

Prefabricated slab for slabs, according to the first claim, characterized in that the concrete layer (1) determines on the sides of the succession of interlocking elements (2) zones (1.1) in function of joists.

3.

Prefabricated floor slab, according to the first claim, characterized in that the concrete layer (1) determines above the succession of interlocking elements (2) an area

(1.2) in compression layer functions. 4. Method of manufacturing a prefabricated slab for slabs, of the type comprising a layer (1) of concrete on a succession of interlocking elements (2) and a reinforcement formed by prestressed elements (3), characterized in that the elements are arranged of interwoven (2) forming a row and longitudinally next to them the elements (3) of armor, which are arranged fastened with tension by the ends, providing on the set thus arranged the layer (1) of concrete, after the setting of which the clamping of tension elements (3) is released, which determine in the concrete layer (1) preload conditions.

5.

Method of manufacturing a prefabricated slab for slabs, according to the fourth claim, characterized in that the concrete layer (1) is provided by a continuous molding machine that moves by pouring the concrete at the same time that determines the con fi guration forms of the plate to obtain.

6.

Method of manufacturing a prefabricated slab for slabs, according to the fourth claim, characterized in that the concrete layer (1) is formed in a fixed mold, within which the interlocking elements (2) and the elements are arranged

(3) prestressed, then filling the mold with the concrete forming the layer (1) of the plate to be obtained. SPANISH OFFICE OF THE PATENTS AND BRAND Application no .: 200901085 SPAIN Date of submission of the application: 04.27.2009 Priority Date: REPORT ON THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE 51 Int. Cl.: E04B5 / 04 (2006.01) RELEVANT DOCUMENTS

Category

Documents cited Claims Affected

X

ES 2258877 A1 (JIMENEZ SANCHEZ JAIME ENRIQUE) 01.09.2006, 1-5

column 2, line 50 - column 3, line 18; column 4, lines 5-8; column 6, lines 51-53;

column 7, lines 4-7; claims 9,12; Figures 1-4,12,15.

X

EN 1058617 U (CERAMICA FOUR PALOMAS S A) 16.01.2005, 1-4.6

column 1, line 57 - column 2, line 66; figures.

TO

EN 485048 A1 (RUBIERA R L M TECNI SOLUTIONS) 16.04.1980, 1-4.6

page 2, lines 9-22.

TO

EN 1060704 U (CERATRES S L) 16.10.2005, 1-3

column 1, line 44 - column 2, line 14; figures.

Category of the documents cited X: of particular relevance Y: of particular relevance combined with other / s of the same category A: reflects the state of the art O: refers to unwritten disclosure P: published between the priority date and the date of priority submission of the application E: previous document, but published after the date of submission of the application

This report has been prepared • for all claims • for claims no:

Date of realization of the report 11.10.2011

Examiner E. Balsera Porris Page 1/4

REPORT OF THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE Application number: 200901085 Minimum documentation searched (classification system followed by classification symbols) E04B, E04C, E04G Electronic databases consulted during the search (database name and, if possible, terms of search used) INVENES, EPODOC State of the Art Report Page 2/4  WRITTEN OPINION Application number: 200901085 Date of Completion of Written Opinion: 11.10.2011 Statement

Novelty (Art. 6.1 LP 11/1986)

Claims Claims 4-6 1-3 IF NOT

Inventive activity (Art. 8.1 LP11 / 1986)

Claims Claims 4-6 IF NOT

The application is considered to comply with the industrial application requirement. This requirement was evaluated during the formal and technical examination phase of the application (Article 31.2 Law 11/1986).  Opinion Base.- This opinion has been made on the basis of the patent application as published. State of the Art Report Page 3/4  WRITTEN OPINION Application number: 200901085 1. Documents considered.- The documents belonging to the state of the art taken into consideration for the realization of this opinion are listed below.

Document

Publication or Identification Number publication date

D01

ES 2258877 A1 (JIMENEZ SANCHEZ JAIME ENRIQUE) 01.09.2006

D02

ES 1058617 U (CERAMIC FOUR PALOMAS S A) 01/16/2005

D03

EN 485048 A1 (RUBIERA R L M TECNI SOLUTIONS) 04/16/1980

D04

ES 1060704 U (CERATRES S L) 16.10.2005

2. Statement motivated according to articles 29.6 and 29.7 of the Regulations for the execution of Law 11/1986, of March 20, on Patents on novelty and inventive activity; quotes and explanations in support of this statement Document D01, which is considered the closest to the State of the Art, discloses a manufacturing process for prefabricated slabs for slabs, as well as the plates obtained by said method. In one of the disclosed embodiments (see page 4, lines 6-8, page 7, lines 4-7 and fig. 12) a prefabricated plate consisting of a concrete layer can be observed, which is incorporated on a set of successively arranged interlocking elements and a reinforcement formed by prestressed elements arranged in parallel with respect to the succession of interlocking elements, the assembly integrating a unit piece for the application assembly. The concrete layer determines on the sides of the succession of interlocking elements some zones in function of joists and, above the succession of interlocking elements, an area in function of compression layers. As set forth, the characteristics of claims 1 to 3 of the application document are already known from document D01 and, therefore, those claims are not considered new in view of the prior art (Art. 6.1 LP11 / 1986). In addition, document D01 discloses a manufacturing process for prefabricated floor slabs, of the type comprising a layer of concrete on a succession of interlocking elements and a reinforcement formed by prestressed elements. According to said procedure, the interlocking elements are arranged forming a row and longitudinally next to them the reinforcement elements, which are arranged fastened with tension by the ends, the concrete layer being provided on the set thus arranged, after setting from which the clamping of the tension elements is released, which determine preload conditions in the concrete layer, as disclosed in claim 4 of the application document. For the pouring of concrete, a sliding molding machine is used (continuous molding) that moves by pouring the concrete at the same time that determines the forms of configuration of the plate to be obtained, as reflected in claim 5 of the application document . Therefore, the object of claims 4 and 5 would not imply inventive activity (Art. 8.1 LP11 / 1986). On the other hand, if we take into account document D02 of the State of the Art, we observe that it discloses a slab for floors with the characteristics claimed in claims 1-4 and 6 of the application document, the main difference being Document plate D02 does not use prestressed reinforcement. However, the manufacture of precast concrete elements with prestressed reinforcements is sufficiently known in the prior art, as illustrated, for example, in document D03. It would be apparent to one skilled in the art to obtain the technical characteristics of the object of the invention as reflected in claims 1-4 and 6 from the documents studied. Therefore, said claims would not imply inventive activity in relation to the State of the Art referred to (Art. 8.1 LP11 / 1986). As for document D04, another related document is considered within the State of the Art. State of the Art Report Page 4/4