ES2365092T3 - EXTRACTOR OF ARTICULATIONS TO ROTULA. - Google Patents

Abstract

The separator (1) has a support lever (8) with a fork section that includes a fork-shaped retainer and a supporting section. A press lever (9) has a pressing section and a transition section , and an actuator (17) is integrated between a transition section of the support lever and the transition section of the press lever. A pressure unit is indirectly coupled with threaded holes (18, 19) of the support lever or the press lever by an inserting pivot (20), where the pressure unit has a spring-loaded locking body (21).

Description

The invention relates to a ball joint extractor for releasing ball joint joints from shaft and steering systems, such as steering levers, tie rods, stabilizers, etc.

Patella joints transmit and receive strength from various directions. They are used, for example, in the field of steering, or of the tie rods, as well as for articulated joints of a transverse articulation of the chassis with an axle leg or a spring-loaded shock absorber leg. The ball joints have a ball joint joint, that is, a pivot with a ball constructed at an axial end. Usually the pivot is conical and fits into a support housing constructed conically in correspondence. For firm settlement, the ball joint joint is inserted into the support housing by means of a fixing nut. To extract or loosen such kneecaps or kneecaps, existing devices known as kneecap extractors are used.

Such a device corresponds to the state of the art, for example, by DE 298 06 883 U1. The device comprises a support lever and a pressure lever that are attached to each other at a distance adjustable by means of a regulating element. In addition, a compression unit is provided in the form of a mechanical spindle whereby the pressure lever and the support lever can rotate relative to each other. The spindle grips the clamping lever and the support lever at one end. A fork-shaped housing is provided at the other end of the support lever while the clamping lever is provided with a tightening zone.

In order to extract a joint by ball joint, the knee joint extractor is adjusted in height by means of the adjustment element and seated on the joint by ball joint so that the support lever with its fork-shaped housing comes to support between the ball joint and the support housing of the ball joint joint. After adjusting the clamping lever and the support lever, the spindle is operated. This results in a rotating movement of the clamping lever which, with its tightening zone, presses on the ball joint of the ball joint, so that it is pulled out and the joint by ball joint can be removed.

From DE 296 07 447 U1 a constructive form of a ball joint extractor is also known in which the spindle can alternatively be seated on the support lever or on the clamping lever. For this, a threaded hole is provided in the support area of the support lever and in the area of the tightening lever in which the spindle can be threaded. Depending on the available space ratios, the spindle can be changed and operated both from the part of the support lever and from the part of the clamping lever. This facilitates work especially when space conditions are narrow.

Based on the state of the art, the invention is based on the mission of improving a ball joint extractor in terms of handling and use.

The solution to this mission consists according to the invention in a ball joint extractor according to the features of claim 1.

Accordingly, it is envisaged that by means of a connecting pin with integrated locking body and loaded by a spring, the pressure unit can be coupled at least indirectly with a threaded bore of the support lever or the clamping lever. In this way, a quick coupling is created for fixing the pressure unit or a support body belonging to the pressure unit, the support body being able to be mounted on the threaded bore of the support lever or the clamping lever . To do this, the connecting pin is inserted into the threaded hole without being able to fit into the thread of the threaded hole. The fixing of the connecting rod is produced by the locking body. In this way a quick replacement is possible or, depending on the construction of the pressure unit, a change of the mounting part is also possible. By changing the available space can be used better. The change is fast and with few maneuvers.

Advantageous configurations and other developments of the basic idea of the invention are subject to the secondary claims.

The connecting pin is inserted into the threaded hole, the locking body reaching its locking position to make contact on a shoulder of the threaded hole. With this, a reliable fixation of the position of the connecting rod or the corresponding components of the pressure unit in the threaded bore is possible.

In an advantageous constructive manner, the pressure unit comprises a spindle bar and a support body, the connecting rod being an integral part of the locking body and the spindle bar with its bar head is supported on a body supporting surface support. The support surface is essentially concave. At its end on the side of the spindle bar the support body has a head end that widens with respect to the connecting rod. With its protruding annular overhang at the head end, the support body rests, depending on the mounting situation, on the adjustment lever or on the clamping lever.

To facilitate actuation and reduce friction between the spindle bar and the bearing surface, a rolling body, for example a ball, is placed frontally on the bar head. For this, the rolling body is integrated in a bore of the front face of the bar head so that it can rotate freely. The bar head and the spindle bar are coupled so that it can be released, making it easy to replace.

The threaded hole, especially the threaded hole in the support lever, can be provided in an adapter insert that can be fixed to the support lever and can be released. This makes it possible to use different pressure units or different pressure units in the diameter size, such as mechanical spindles or oil-hydraulic spindles, as force generating components of the pressure units. For mounting the adapter insert on the support lever it has an external thread with which the adapter insert can be attached in a corresponding threaded hole in the support lever.

As mentioned, the pressure unit may comprise a hydraulic cylinder. In this case the connecting rod is integrated in the hydraulic cylinder. With this, the hydraulic spindle can be held easily and quickly alternately in the threaded hole in the support lever or in the clamping lever.

The ball joint extractor according to the invention is further improved in the technique of applied by means of the design of the regulating element. The regulating element has a rod body with a thread area which is guided in a threaded hole in the support lever. At its end on the side of the squeeze lever the bar body has a thicker pendulum head which comes to rest in a through hole in a bowl built into the squeeze lever. Coaxial with the bar body is a helical spring located between the support lever and the clamping lever. Preferably the helical spring is supported by a flat spring in the clamping lever. By adjusting the adjustment element by means of the bar body, the separation between the support lever and the clamping lever is preset. The pressure unit is then actuated so that the clamping area of the clamping lever and the fork zone of the support lever move towards each other and a pressure of the ball joint of the ball joint on the corresponding supportive accommodation. The pendulum head on the side of the clamp lever of the bar body makes possible here a spatially limited movement between the clamping lever and the support lever even transverse to the rotation movement between both components. This measure also facilitates the handling and disassembly process when removing a ball joint, especially if the seat of the ball joint extractor is not possible in alignment.

To make possible the spatially limited rotational movement of the pendulum head in the bowl it is especially provided that the pendulum head has outer surface segments in the form of spherical zones and the bowl has inner surface segments in the form of spherical areas correspondingly adapted to the configuration of the outer surface segments.

The invention will be described in more detail below on the basis of the constructive examples represented in the drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1

 in the form of perspective representation, a constructive form of a knee joint extractor;

Fig 2

the ball joint extractor according to figure 1 in the side view;

Fig. 3

the representation of figure 2 in a top plan view;

Fig. 4

the knee joint extractor in a first cut representation;

Fig. 5

the knee joint extractor in a second representation in section;

Fig. 6

in the form of perspective representation the corresponding ball joint extractor with the

representation of figure 1, however with the operating side changed; Fig. 7 the ball joint extractor according to figure 6 in the side view; Fig. 8 the ball joint extractor according to figure 7 in a vertical sectional representation; Fig. 9 in the form of perspective representation a second constructive form of an articulation extractor a

kneecap according to the invention; Fig. 10 the ball joint extractor according to figure 9 in the side view; Fig. 11 the ball joint extractor according to figure 10 in a vertical sectional representation;

Fig. 12 in the form of perspective representation a third constructive form of a ball joint extractor according to the invention;

Fig. 13 the ball joint extractor according to figure 12 in the top plan view;

Fig. 14 the ball joint extractor according to figure 12 in the side view;

Fig. 15 the ball joint extractor according to figure 14 in a vertical sectional representation;

Fig. 16 a pressure unit usable in a ball joint extractor according to the invention, in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, in a side view, and

Fig. 17 a second constructive form of a pressure unit in the form of a hydraulic cylinder.

Parts or components of parts that correspond to each other carry the same identification symbol in all figures.

On the basis of figures 1 to 5 or 6 to 8, a constructive form of a ball joint extractor 1 is explained. A second construction form of a ball joint extractor 2 is shown in figures 9 to 11. The description In a third constructive form of a ball joint extractor 3 is shown in Figures 12 to 17. The basic design of the ball joint extractors 1 - 3 is the same. Ball joint extractors 1 –3 differ essentially in the type of their actuation by means of a pressure unit 4. A pressure unit 4 with a mechanical spindle 5 is used in the ball joint extractor 1. A pressure unit 4 with a spindle 6 oil-hydraulic oil is used to drive the ball joint extractor 2. In the ball joint extractor 7 the pressure unit 4 is a hydraulic cylinder.

Each ball joint extractor 1- 3 comprises a support lever 8 as well as a clamping lever 9. The support lever 8 has a fork area 10 with a fork housing 11, a transition zone 12 as well as an area of support 13. The clamping lever 9 has a clamping zone 14, a transition zone 15 as well as a driving zone 16. Between the transition zone 12 of the support lever 8 and the transition zone 15 of the lever A regulating element 17 is integrated by means of the regulating element 17. By means of the regulating element 17, the distance A between the support lever 8 and the pressure lever 9 can be regulated. The pressure unit 4 can be integrated between the support area 13 of the support lever 8 and the actuation area 16 of the clamping lever 9. When the pressure unit 4 is operated, the support lever 8 and the clamping lever 9 rotate towards each other, as shown in Figure 5 by arrow P.

There is precisely a hole 18 or 19 in the support area 13 of the support lever 8 and in the actuation area 16 of the clamping lever 9. A connection pin 20 with locking body is attached to the pressure unit 4 21 integrated, loaded with a spring. By means of the connection pin 20 the pressure unit 4 can be coupled to the threaded bore 18 of the support lever 8 as to the threaded bore 19 of the clamping lever 9. The connection plug 20 is inserted into the threaded bore 18 or 19 without being recessed with the thread 22, 23 of the threaded hole 18 or 19. In this way a quick coupling is created for fixing the connecting rod 20, where it, depending on the constructive shape of the pressure unit 4 , can alternatively be mounted on the threaded hole 18 of the support lever 8 or the threaded hole 19 of the clamping lever 9. The fixing of the connecting pin 20 is carried out by means of the locking body 21. The locking body 21 it is formed by a ball which is located in a transverse bore 26 of the connecting rod 20 integrating a spiral spring 25. The connecting rod 20 passes through the corresponding threaded bore 18 or 19, where the locking body 21 is pressed in the locked position by the spiral spring 25 and thereby comes into contact with a shoulder 27 of the threaded hole 18 or 19.

In the ball joint extractor 1 in the construction form according to figures 1 to 5 or 6 to 8 the pressure unit 4 is formed, as already mentioned, by the mechanical spindle 5. This comprises a spindle bar 28 with external thread 29 and a support body 30 whose vertical cross-section is T-shaped. The connecting rod 20 forms part of the support body 30. The spindle bar 28 has at one end 31 a bar head 32 and in its other end 33 a drive polygon 34. With its bar head 32 the spindle bar 28 is supported during actuation on a support surface 35 of the support body 30 concavely constructed. A ball 36 is housed in a housing 37 frontally in the rod head 32. With this, during the drive, the spindle rod 28 is supported with its rod head 32 in a rolling manner on the bearing surface 35.

When using the ball joint extractor 1 as shown in Figures 1 to 5, the support body 30 is inserted with its connecting pin 20 into the threaded hole 19 of the clamping lever 9 and there it is locked by means of the locking body 21. The spindle bar 28 is guided in the threaded hole 18 in the support lever 8. The threaded hole 18 itself is provided in an adapter insert 38 that can be placed so that it can be released, in the lever support 8. On the other hand, the adapter insert 38 has an internal thread 39 and by means of the external thread 39 it is fixed in a threaded bore 41, of larger diameter provided with an internal thread 40, in the support lever 8. To make the Assembly or disassembly of the adapter insert 38 has a nut head 42 with key grip surfaces 43. To drive the pressure unit 4 or the spindle 5, the spindle bar 28 is rotated by means of a tool placed on the drive polygon 34 and in this way the distance A between the support zone 13 of the support lever 8 and the actuation area 16 of the clamping lever 9. With this, the rotary movement between the clamping lever 9 and the support lever 8 is executed.

By using the ball joint extractor 1 as shown in Figures 6 to 8, the spindle drive 5 is produced from the other side, that is, the components of the pressure unit 4 are changed. The spindle bar 28 is embedded in the threaded hole 19 of the clamping lever 9, which is inserted against the support body 30 with its contactor journal 20 in the threaded bore 18 on the support lever 8.

In the ball joint extractor 2 as described in Figures 9 to 11 the pressure unit 4 comprises a hydraulic spindle 6 by grease. This has an outer tube 44 and a guided spindle bar 45 in the outer tube

44. The outer tube 44 is provided with an outer thread 46. For the assembly of the hydraulic spindle 6 by grease it is threaded with the outer tube 44 in the threaded bore 41 on the support lever 8. Thus an insert has been removed adapter 38 previously threaded, if necessary, on the support lever 8. The diameter of the threaded bore 41 is adapted to the diameter of the outer tube 44. The spindle bar 46 has at one end 47 a driving polygon 48 and at its other end 49 a 50 bar head. This is connected to the end 49, for example, threaded and can be released. A ball 36 is supported on the rod head 50, as described above. The support body 30 is inserted with its connecting pin 20 in the threaded bore 19 on the clamping lever 9.

In the ball joint extractor 3 shown in Figures 12 to 15, the pressure unit 4 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 7 which works together with a spindle bar 51. On the lower face 52 of the hydraulic cylinder 7, a connecting pin 53 is attached. In this, as described above, a ball 24 loaded with a spring is integrated, as a blocking body 21. By means of the connecting pin 53 the hydraulic cylinder 7 can be held in the threaded bore 41 of the support lever 8. The transmission of force between the support lever 8 and the clamping lever 9 occurs from the hydraulic cylinder 7 through the bar 51 of spindle, which is threaded into the threaded hole 19 of the clamping lever 9.

The hydraulic cylinder 7 shown in Fig. 17 has a connection bore 54 of smaller diameter. This constructive form is suitable to be inserted alternately in the hole 18 in the support lever 8

or in the adapter insert 38 or in the threaded hole 19 in the clamping lever 9.

The regulating element 17 has a bar body 55 with a thread section 56 which is guided in a threaded hole 57 in the support lever 8. At its end 58 on the side of the lever, the bar body 55 has a pendulum head 59 returned. The pendulum head 59 is supported in a bowl 60 on the clamping lever 9. The bowl 60 is constructed on the outer face 61 of the support lever 9 in a through hole 62 of the clamping lever 9. Coaxial with the body 55 There is a helical pressure spring 63 located between the support lever 8 and the clamping lever 9. This is supported by a flat spring 64 on the clamping lever

9. By adjusting the regulating element 17, the gap A between the support lever 8 and the clamping lever 9 is preset. To this end, the bar body 55 is moved in the threaded hole by means of a screwed movement. The screwed movement to move the rod body is carried out from the pendulum head 59.

The pendulum head 59 has a spherical shaped outer surface segment 65. The bowl 60 has spherically shaped inner surface segments 66 adapted to the shape of the outer surface segments 65. This allows a limited spatial movement between the clamping lever 9 and the support lever 8 even transverse to the turning movement itself.

Ball joint extractors 1 - 3 find use for releasing ball joint joints not shown in the drawings in shaft and steering systems, such as steering levers, tie rods or stabilizers etc. For the removal of a ball joint joint, the ball joint remover 1 - 3 is preset in height or spacing A by means of the adjustment element 17 and is seated on the ball joint joint, so that the support lever 8 with its fork-shaped housing 11 comes to rest between the ball joint and the support housing of the ball joint joint. After adjusting the clamping lever 9 and the support lever 8, the pressure unit 4 is activated. This causes a rotary movement P between the clamping lever 9 and the supporting lever 8, where the clamping lever 9 with its tightening zone 14, it presses above the patella joint. As a consequence of this, the ball joint joint is pushed out of the support housing and the ball joint joint can be removed.

List of reference symbols

one

knee joint extractor

2

knee joint extractor

3

knee joint extractor

4

pressure unit

spindle

6

grease hydraulic spindle

7

hydraulic cylinder

8

support lever

9

clamping lever

fork zone

eleven

 accommodation

12

transition zone

13

support zone

14

tightening zone

transition zone

16

drive zone

17

regulation element

18

13 threaded drill

19

16 threaded drill

connecting pin

twenty-one

lock body

22 thread 23 thread 24 ball

 spiral spring 26 cross drill 27 protrusion 28 spindle bar 29 external thread

support body 31 end of 28 32 bar head 33 end of 28 34 drive polygon

 support surface 36 ball 37 emptied

38 adapter insert 39 external thread 40 internal thread 41 threaded hole 42 nut head 43 key seat surface 44 outer tube 6 45 spindle bar 46 external thread 47 45 end 48 48 drive polygon 49 45 end 50 head bar 51 spindle bar 52 lower face of 7 53 connecting rod 54 connecting rod 55 rod body 56 threaded area 57 threaded bore 58 end of 55 59 pendulum head 60 bowl 61 outer face of 9 62 through hole 63 coil spring compression 64 flat spring 65 outer surface segment 66 inner surface segment

A separation P turning movement

Claims (12)

1. Ball joint extractor for releasing ball joint joints in axle and steering systems, which comprises a support lever (8) as well as a clamping lever (9), where the support lever (8 ) has a fork zone (10) with a fork-shaped housing (11), a transition zone

(12)

 as well as a support zone (13) and the clamping lever (9) has a clamping zone (14), a transition zone (15) as well as an actuation zone (16) and between the transition zone (12 ) of the support lever

(8)

and a transition element (17) is integrated in the transition zone (15) of the clamping lever (9), where the gap (A) between the support lever (8) and the clamping lever (9) can be be adjusted by means of the regulating element (17) and between the support zone (13) and the actuation zone (16) a pressure unit (4) is integrated, which when the support lever (8) and the lever are actuated of tightening (9) can rotate towards each other, characterized in that the pressure unit (4) can be coupled by means of a connecting pin (20, 53, 54) with integrated locking body (21) and loaded with a spring, at least indirectly with a threaded hole (18, 19, 41) of the support lever (8) or of the clamping lever (9).

2.

Ball joint extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting pin (20,53,54) crosses the threaded bore (18, 19, 41) and the locking body (21) in its blocking position becomes supported on a shoulder (27) of the threaded hole (18, 19, 41).

3.

Ball joint extractor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressure unit (4) comprises a spindle bar (28, 45) and a support body (30), wherein the connecting pin (20) is component part of the support body (30) and the support bar (28, 45) is supported with its rod head (32, 50) on a support surface (35) of the support body (30).

Four.

Ball joint extractor according to claim 3, characterized in that frontally in the head

(32) a ball (36) is located on the bar. 5. Ball joint extractor according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the head (50) bar is coupled with the spindle bar (45) so that it can be released.

6.

Ball joint extractor according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the support surface (35) is constructed concave.

7.

Ball joint extractor according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the threaded bore (18) is provided in an adapter insert (38) that can be placed on the support lever (8) so that it can be release.

8.

Ball joint extractor according to claim 7, characterized in that the adapter insert (38) has an external thread (39) and by means of the external thread (39) can be secured in a threaded bore (41) on the support lever ( 8).

9.

Ball joint extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure unit (4) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (7) wherein the connecting pin (53,54) is integrated in the hydraulic cylinder (7).

10.

Ball joint extractor according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the regulating element (17) comprises a rod body (55) with a threaded area (56), which is guided in a threaded bore ( 57) on the support lever (8), and the bar body (55) which at its end (58) on the side of the clamping lever has a head (59) of a pendulous pendulum which comes to rest on a bowl

(60) constructed in a cleft of the clamping lever (9), and where a helical spring (63) of coaxial compression to the bar body (55) is located between the support lever (8) and the clamping lever ( 9).

eleven.

Ball joint extractor according to claim 10, characterized in that the compression coil spring (63) rests on the clamping lever (9) through a flat spring (64)

12.

Ball joint extractor according to claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the pendulum head (59) has spherically shaped outer surface segments (65) and the bowl (60) has internally shaped surface segments (66) spherical adapted to the configuration of the outer surface segments (65).