ES2352982T3 - COMPOSITION OF A BIODEGRADABLE FAT USING A DISTILLATION WASTE GENERATED IN BIODIESEL PRODUCTION. - Google Patents

COMPOSITION OF A BIODEGRADABLE FAT USING A DISTILLATION WASTE GENERATED IN BIODIESEL PRODUCTION. Download PDF

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ES2352982T3
ES2352982T3 ES07118302T ES07118302T ES2352982T3 ES 2352982 T3 ES2352982 T3 ES 2352982T3 ES 07118302 T ES07118302 T ES 07118302T ES 07118302 T ES07118302 T ES 07118302T ES 2352982 T3 ES2352982 T3 ES 2352982T3
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oil
thickener
biodiesel
composition according
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Kwang Soon Kim
Sik Lee Moon
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Korea Houghton Corp
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Korea Houghton Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M109/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/04—Fatty oil fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M113/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickening agent being an inorganic material
    • C10M113/08—Metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/102—Silicates
    • C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
    • C10M2201/1036—Clays; Mica; Zeolites used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/105—Silica
    • C10M2201/1056—Silica used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
    • C10M2207/1265—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic used as thickening agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/127—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids polycarboxylic
    • C10M2207/1276—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids polycarboxylic used as thickening agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
    • C10M2207/1285—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C10M2207/2815—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
    • C10M2207/2895—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/0406—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
    • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
    • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/081—Biodegradable compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/64—Environmental friendly compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

A grease composition using lubricating base oil that is biodegradable by microorganisms in nature and has an affinity to the human body is provided. More particularly, a distillation residue secondarily generated in production of biodiesel from vegetable oil (soybean oil and canola oil) is used as the lubricating base oil. The grease composition is produced by adding 1 to 20wt% of additives to 100 to 95wt% of distillation residues, which is generated in production of biodiesel, and 1 to 30wt% of thickeners.

Description

5 ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN 5 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Campo de la Invención 1. Field of the Invention

La presente invención se relaciona con una grasa para la lubricación de maquinaria, equipamiento o instrumentos utilizados en la industria en general, y más particularmente, con una composición de una grasa producida utilizando, como aceite base, 10 a 95% en peso de los residuos The present invention relates to a grease for the lubrication of machinery, equipment or instruments used in the industry in general, and more particularly, with a composition of a grease produced using, as a base oil, 10 to 95% by weight of the waste

10 finales que se generan en la producción de biodiesel utilizando destilados desodorizados de aceite de soja y aceite de canola. 10 finals that are generated in the production of biodiesel using deodorized distillates of soybean oil and canola oil.

2. Descripción del Estado del Arte Relacionado <Componentes y Clasificación de la Grasa Común> 2. Description of the State of Related Art <Components and Classification of Common Fat>

Componente Component
Contenido Asunto 1 Asunto 2 Asunto 3 Content Issue 1 Issue 2 Issue 3

C O M P O S I C C O M P O S I C
Aceite Base 50-95% Hidrocarburo de Petróleo Aceite Mineral Destilado de Petróleo a base de Parafina, a base de Naftaleno, etc. Para un centro de reabastecimiento de combustible Para múltiples propósitos Para alto peso Base Oil 50-95% Oil hydrocarbon Mineral Oil Distilled Petroleum based on Paraffin, based on Naphthalene, etc. For a refueling center For multiple purposes For high weight

Aceite Oil
Con base en PAO, con Grasa Sintética de Aceite, Based on PAO, with Synthetic Oil Fat,

I I
Sintético base en Éster, con base Grasa de Baja Synthetic Ester base, with base Low Fat

Ó OR
en Poli Glicol, con base Temperatura (Dewax) in Poly Glycol, with base Temperature (Dewax)

N N
en Silicona, con base en in Silicone, based on

D D
Flúor, etc. Fluorine, etc.

E L A G R A S A E L A G R A S A
Espesante 3 -30% Jabón Formación de jabón por medio de la reacción entre hidróxido metálico tal como Ca, Li, Al, etc. y ácido graso Litio y Grasa Compleja de Litio, Grasa Compleja de Aluminio, Grasa Compleja de Calcio Thickener 3 -30% Soap Soap formation through the reaction between metal hydroxide such as Ca, Li, Al, etc. and fatty acid Lithium and lithium complex grease, aluminum complex grease, calcium complex grease

Sin Jabón Without soap
Urea, Gel de Sílice, Bentona Grasa de Urea, Grasa Bentona, Grasa de Gel de Sílice Urea, Silica Gel, Bentona Urea Fat, Bentone Fat, Silica Gel Fat

Aditivo Additive
3 -30% Aditivo Antioxidación, Mejora en la lubricación 3 -30%  Additive Antioxidation, Improvement in lubrication

Anticorrosivo, Anti-corrosive,

Estabilizador Estructural Structural Stabilizer

Relleno Filling
Negro de Carbón, Óxido Carbon Black, Oxide

de Cinc from Cinc

Lubricante Lubricant
Grafito, Disulfuro de Pasta de Molibdeno, Grasa Graphite, Disulfide Molybdenum Paste, Fat

Sólido Solid
Molibdeno, etc. de Fluoro (silicona) Molybdenum, etc. Fluoro (silicone)

La grasa lubricante se clasifica en una grasa de jabón metálico tal como de Ca, Na, Li, Al, Ba The lubricating grease is classified into a metallic soap grease such as Ca, Na, Li, Al, Ba

15 o su grasa compleja y grasa sin jabón tal como bentona, sílice, urea, grafito o PTFE de acuerdo con la clase del espesante, y se clasifica en grasa de un aceite mineral y en grasa de aceite sintético de acuerdo con la clase de aceite base. 15 or its complex fat and soap-free grease such as bentone, silica, urea, graphite or PTFE according to the class of the thickener, and is classified as a mineral oil grease and a synthetic oil fat according to the oil class base.

2 Las grasas preservan el rendimiento y la vida útil de las unidades de lubricación y del equipo reduciendo la fricción entre las unidades en la región de lubricación, reduciendo el desgaste de los metales, mejorando las características de una superficie de lubricación, reduciendo la adhesión a una superficie metálica y la fundición, previniendo la deformación debido al calor por medio de su 5 remoción, y maximizando la prevención de la inyección de impurezas y el efecto de sellado. El aceite lubricante base de hidrocarburo de petróleo, que se produce en la etapa final del proceso de refinación del petróleo crudo común, se utiliza generalmente aceite base para grasa. Sin embargo, la grasa que utiliza el hidrocarburo de petróleo puede causar daño ambiental, y puede poner en riesgo la salud de un humano que utilice la grasa. 10 Recientemente, debido a que ha aumentado el interés en la importancia de la protección ambiental y en la salud y la seguridad de los trabajadores, está creciendo la investigación sobre aceites lubricantes base aceptables para el medio ambiente que sustituirán a los aceites lubricantes base de hidrocarburos de esta grasa, en naciones de Norte América y Europa Occidental. De acuerdo con esta tendencia, la presente invención está encaminada a desarrollar una 15 composición de una grasa utilizando un residuo de destilación generado en la producción de biodiesel como aceite lubricante base amigable con el medio ambiente. Biodiesel se refiere a una energía alternativa procesada a partir de un lípido elemental en vegetales y animales para que tengan propiedades similares a la gasolina, que pueda ser utilizado como un equivalente del diesel o para motores diesel mezclándolo con la gasolina. En general, 20 biodiesel se refiere a ésteres metílicos de ácido graso que tienen una pureza del 95% elaborados a partir de la transesterificación entre alcoholes (generalmente, metanol) y aceite vegetal (salvado de arroz, aceite de residuos de cocina, aceite de soja, aceite de colza, etc.). (Comunicado del Ministerio de Comercio, Industria y Economía (MOCIE) No. 2000-57). El aceite vegetal descrito anteriormente, esto es, un compuesto que incluye un grupo 25 hidrófobo insoluble en agua, está generalmente compuesto de triglicéridos representados de acuerdo a la siguiente fórmula química estructural. 2 Greases preserve the performance and life of the lubrication units and the equipment by reducing friction between the units in the lubrication region, reducing metal wear, improving the characteristics of a lubrication surface, reducing adhesion to a metallic surface and the smelting, preventing deformation due to heat by means of its removal, and maximizing the prevention of impurity injection and the sealing effect. The petroleum hydrocarbon base lubricating oil, which is produced in the final stage of the common crude oil refining process, is generally used base oil for grease. However, the fat used by petroleum hydrocarbon can cause environmental damage, and can endanger the health of a human who uses the fat. 10 Recently, as interest in the importance of environmental protection and in the health and safety of workers has increased, research on environmentally acceptable base lubricating oils that will replace hydrocarbon-based lubricating oils is growing of this fat, in nations of North America and Western Europe. In accordance with this trend, the present invention is aimed at developing a composition of a grease using a distillation residue generated in the production of biodiesel as an environmentally friendly base lubricating oil. Biodiesel refers to an alternative energy processed from an elemental lipid in vegetables and animals so that they have properties similar to gasoline, which can be used as an equivalent of diesel or for diesel engines mixing it with gasoline. In general, 20 biodiesel refers to fatty acid methyl esters having a purity of 95% made from the transesterification between alcohols (generally, methanol) and vegetable oil (rice bran, cooking waste oil, soybean oil , rapeseed oil, etc.). (Communiqué of the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Economy (MOCIE) No. 2000-57). The vegetable oil described above, that is, a compound that includes a water-insoluble hydrophobic group, is generally composed of triglycerides represented according to the following structural chemical formula.

imagen1image 1

El aceite vegetal se caracteriza comúnmente por el contenido de ácidos grasos, y la longitud, contenido y grado de saturación de los mismos se convierten en factores críticos para determinar las 30 características físicas y químicas del aceite. El aceite animal es menos útil que el aceite vegetal, y únicamente aquellos elaborados a partir de cerdo, vaca y oveja entre los animales terrestres, y arenque y lacha entre los peces son considerados comercialmente importantes. Los aceites animales están compuestos de triglicéridos saturados e insaturados como los aceites vegetales, pero incluyen una amplia distribución de ácidos grasos y algunos ácidos grasos de cadena impar, a diferencia de los Vegetable oil is commonly characterized by the content of fatty acids, and the length, content and degree of saturation thereof become critical factors in determining the physical and chemical characteristics of the oil. Animal oil is less useful than vegetable oil, and only those made from pig, cow and sheep among land animals, and herring and lacha among fish are considered commercially important. Animal oils are composed of saturated and unsaturated triglycerides such as vegetable oils, but include a wide distribution of fatty acids and some odd-chain fatty acids, unlike

35 aceites vegetales. Cuando el éster metílico elaborado a partir de aceite vegetal, es decir, biodiesel, es derramado en el suelo, éste queda menos contaminado que por aceite lubricante a base de hidrocarburos, debido a su menor toxicidad y alto nivel de biodegradación. También, correspondiente a la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático (UNFCCC) (Ciclo de vida del CO2: ¼ de 35 vegetable oils When the methyl ester made from vegetable oil, that is, biodiesel, is spilled on the ground, it is less contaminated than by hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil, due to its lower toxicity and high level of biodegradation. Also, corresponding to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) (CO2 life cycle: ¼ of

40 gasolina), una (1) tonelada de éster metílico de aceite vegetal reduce 2,2 toneladas de CO2, lo cual 40 gasoline), one (1) ton of vegetable oil methyl ester reduces 2.2 tons of CO2, which

contribuye a un incremento en competitividad global. El éster metílico a partir de aceite vegetal está compuesto principalmente de oleato de metilo y linoleato de metilo como componentes principales, y exhibe excelente desempeño en la maquinabilidad o detergencia debido a la baja viscosidad (40ºC, 1.9 a 6.0 cSt.) y buena lubricación cuando es utilizado en vez del aceite lubricante base a partir de hidrocarburos de petróleo. It contributes to an increase in global competitiveness. Methyl ester from vegetable oil is mainly composed of methyl oleate and methyl linoleate as main components, and exhibits excellent performance in machinability or detergency due to low viscosity (40 ° C, 1.9 to 6.0 cSt.) And good lubrication when It is used instead of the base lubricating oil from petroleum hydrocarbons.

CH3-(CH2)14-COO-CH3: Palmitato de Metilo CH3-(CH2)6-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-(CH2)6-COO-CH3: Oleato de Metilo CH3-(CH2)3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-(CH2)6-COO-CH3: Linoleato de Metilo CH3- (CH2) 14-COO-CH3: Methyl Palmitate CH3- (CH2) 6-CH2-CH = CH-CH2- (CH2) 6-COO-CH3: Methyl Oleate CH3- (CH2) 3-CH2- CH = CH-CH2-CH = CH-CH2- (CH2) 6-COO-CH3: Methyl Linoleate

El éster metílico a partir de aceite vegetal se elabora por medio de los siguientes procesos. The methyl ester from vegetable oil is made by means of the following processes.

imagen2image2

Aquí, R, R’ y R” son hidrocarburos saturados o insaturados con grupos alquilo. <Composiciones de Ácidos Grasos de Aceite de Canola y Aceite de Soja para la Producción de Biodiesel> Here, R, R "and R" are saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons with alkyl groups. <Canola Oil and Soybean Oil Fatty Acid Compositions for Biodiesel Production>

Ácido Graso Aceite Graso y Aceites Fatty Acid Fatty Oil and Oils
C16:0 C16:1 C18:0 C18:1 C18:2 C18:3 C20:0 C22:0 C20:1 C22:1 C16: 0 C16: 1 C18: 0 C18: 1 C18: 2 C18: 3 C20: 0 C22: 0 C20: 1 C22: 1

Aceite de Canola Canola oil
- 2 -5% 0,2% 1 -2% 10% 10% 5 -10% 0,9% 50% - 2 -5% 0.2% 1 -2% 10% 10% 5 -10% 0.9% fifty%

Aceite de Soja Soy oil
0,3% 7 -10% 0 -1% 3 -6% 22-34% 50-60% 2-10% 5-10% - 0.3% 7 -10% 0 -1% 3 -6% 22-34% 50-60% 2-10% 5-10% -

<Estructura Química del Ácido Graso Utilizado en la Producción de Grasa> <Chemical Structure of Fatty Acid Used in Fat Production>

Nombre del Ácido Graso Fatty Acid Name
Número de Carbonos Número de Dobles Enlaces Estructura Química Carbon Number Number of Double Links Chemical structure

Ácido Palmítico Palmitic Acid
16 0 COCH3(CH2)14COOH 16 0 COCH3 (CH2) 14COOH

Ácido Palmitoleico Palmitoleic Acid
16 1 CH3(CH2)5CH=CH(CH2)7COOH 16 one CH3 (CH2) 5CH = CH (CH2) 7COOH

Ácido Esteárico Stearic Acid
18 0 CH3(CH2)16COOH 18 0 CH3 (CH2) 16COOH

Ácido Oleico Oleic acid
18 1 CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH 18 one CH3 (CH2) 7CH = CH (CH2) 7COOH

Ácido Linoleico Linoleic acid
18 2 CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH 18 2 CH3 (CH2) 4CH = CHCH2CH = CH (CH2) 7COOH

Ácido Linolénico Linolenic Acid
18 3 CH3(CH2)2CH=CHCH2CH= CH(CH2)CH=CH (CH2)7COOH 18 3 CH3 (CH2) 2CH = CHCH2CH = CH (CH2) CH = CH (CH2) 7COOH

Ácido Araquídico Arachidic Acid
20 0 CH3(CH2)18COOH twenty 0 CH3 (CH2) 18COOH

Ácido Eicosenóico Eicosenic Acid
20 1 CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)9COOH twenty one CH3 (CH2) 7CH = CH (CH2) 9COOH

Ácido Behénico Behenic Acid
22 0 CH3(CH2)20COOH 22 0 CH3 (CH2) 20COOH

Ácido Erúcico Erucic Acid
22 1 CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)11COOH 22 one CH3 (CH2) 7CH = CH (CH2) 11COOH

15 <Comparación de la Biodegradación de Aceite Vegetal y de Aceite Base de Éster Sintético, Método CEL-L-33-A-93> 15 <Comparison of the Biodegradation of Vegetable Oil and Synthetic Ester Base Oil, Method CEL-L-33-A-93>

Orden Order
Aceite de Soja Aceite de Colza Éster Sintético Hidrocarburo de Petróleo (Aceite mineral) Soy oil Rapeseed oil Synthetic ester Petroleum hydrocarbon (mineral oil)

1 one
96,5% 97,0% 96,4% 19,7% 96.5% 97.0% 96.4% 19.7%

2 2
97,2% 99,0% 97,2% 18,9% 97.2% 99.0% 97.2% 18.9%

Promedio Average
96,9% 97,5% 96,8% 19,3% 96.9% 97.5% 96.8% 19.3%

Los componentes y proporciones del éster metílico de aceite vegetal dependen de los componentes y de las proporciones de la composición de ácido graso del aceite vegetal. El éster metílico del ácido graso enlistado en la Tabla 1 es un componente del éster metílico del aceite vegetal. <Estructura Química del Ácido Graso Utilizado en la Grasa Biodegradable Elaborada a partir de Aceite Vegetal> The components and proportions of the vegetable oil methyl ester depend on the components and the proportions of the fatty acid composition of the vegetable oil. The fatty acid methyl ester listed in Table 1 is a component of the vegetable oil methyl ester. <Chemical Structure of Fatty Acid Used in Biodegradable Fat Made from Vegetable Oil>

Nombre del Ácido Graso Fatty Acid Name
Número de Carbonos / Número de Dobles Enlaces Estructura Química Number of Carbonos / Number of Double Links Chemical structure

Caprílico Caprilic
C8 CH3(CH2)6COOH C8 CH3 (CH2) 6COOH

Cáprico Capric
C10 CH3(CH2)8COOH C10 CH3 (CH2) 8COOH

Láurico Lauric
C12 CH3(CH2)10COOH C12 CH3 (CH2) 10COOH

Mirístico Mystic
C14 CH3(CH2)12COOH C14 CH3 (CH2) 12COOH

Palmítico Palmitic
C16:0 CH3(CH2)14COOH C16: 0 CH3 (CH2) 14COOH

Palmitoleico Palmitoleic
C16:1 CH3(CH2)5CH=CH(CH2)7COOH C16: 1 CH3 (CH2) 5CH = CH (CH2) 7COOH

Esteárico Stearic
C18:0 CH3(CH2)16COOH C18: 0 CH3 (CH2) 16COOH

Oleico Oleic
C18:1 CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH C18: 1 CH3 (CH2) 7CH = CH (CH2) 7COOH

Linoleico Linoleic
C18:2 CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH C18: 2 CH3 (CH2) 4CH = CHCH2CH = CH (CH2) 7COOH

Linolénico Linolenic
C18:3 CH3(CH2)2CH=CHCH2CH= CH(CH2)CH=CH (CH2)7COOH C18: 3 CH3 (CH2) 2CH = CHCH2CH = CH (CH2) CH = CH (CH2) 7COOH

Araquídico Arachidic
C20:0 CH3(CH2)18COOH C20: 0 CH3 (CH2) 18COOH

Eicosenóico Eicosenóico
C20:1 CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)9COOH C20: 1 CH3 (CH2) 7CH = CH (CH2) 9COOH

Behénico Behenic
C22:0 CH3(CH2)20COOH C22: 0 CH3 (CH2) 20COOH

Erúcico Erutic
C22:1 CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)11COOH C22: 1 CH3 (CH2) 7CH = CH (CH2) 11COOH

Los aceites vegetales capaces de sintetizar los ésteres metílicos a partir de aceite vegetal que pueden ser utilizados en la presente invención están enlistados en la siguiente tabla. <Componentes de Ácido Graso del Aceite Vegetal Utilizado en la Formación de Biodiesel> Vegetable oils capable of synthesizing methyl esters from vegetable oil that can be used in the present invention are listed in the following table. <Fatty Acid Components of Vegetable Oil Used in Biodiesel Formation>

Ácido graso, Aceite graso y aceite Fatty Acid, Fatty Oil and Oil
C8:0 C10:0 C14:0 C16:0 C16:1 C18:0 C18:1 C18:2 C18:3 C20:0 C22:0 C20:1 C22:1 C8: 0 C10: 0 C14: 0 C16: 0 C16: 1 C18: 0 C18: 1 C18: 2 C18: 3 C20: 0 C22: 0 C20: 1 C22: 1

Aceite de coco Coconut oil
5 -9 4 -10 44 -51 13 -18 7 -10 - 1 -4 5 -8 1 -3 - - - 5 -9 4 -10 44 -51 13-18 7 -10 - 1 -4 5 -8 1 -3 - - -

Aceite de Palma Kernel Kernel Palm Oil
2 -4 3 -7 45 -52 14 -19 6-9 0 -1 1 -3 10 -18 1 -2 - 1 -2 - 2 -4 3 -7 45 -52 14 -19 6-9 0 -1 1 -3 10-18 1 -2 - 1 -2 -

Aceite de Palma Palm oil
- - - 1 -6 32 -47 - 1 -6 40 -52 2 -11 - - - - - - 1 -6 32 -47 - 1 -6 40 -52 2 -11 - - -

Aceite de Soja Soy oil
- - - 0,3 7 -11 0 -1 3 -6 22 -34 50 -60 2 -10 5 -10 - - - - 0.3 7 -11 0 -1 3 -6 22 -34 50 -60 2 -10 5 -10 -

Aceite de Jatrofa Jatropha oil
- - - 35 -50 - 0 -10 30 -40 5 -15 - - - - - - - 35 -50 - 0 -10 30 -40 5 -15 - - - -

Aceite de Canola Canola oil
- - - - 2 -5 0,2 1 -2 10 -15 10 -20 5 -10 0,9 50-60 - - - - 2 -5 0.2 1 -2 10-15 10 -20 5 -10 0.9 50-60

Se puede mezclar el biodiesel con gasolina y luego utilizarlo, o se puede utilizar biodiesel You can mix the biodiesel with gasoline and then use it, or you can use biodiesel

10 100% puro. BD5 se refiere a una mezcla de 95% de gasolina y 5% de biodiesel, y BD20 se refiere a una mezcla que incluye 20% de biodiesel. El biodiesel atrae la atención alrededor del mundo como fuete futura de energía en los aspectos de reciclaje de los recursos de los residuos, la reducción del gas de invernadero (CO2), y la baja emisión de contaminantes al aire. Recientemente, el biodiesel se encuentra en prueba o se está expandiendo su suministro a través de proyectos modelo alrededor de todo el mundo. Europa, que está muy interesada en el uso de energía alternativa, fue la primera en establecer un sistema para biodiesel. Europa reconoce que se puede utilizar el biodiesel en un rango que satisfaga el estándar de la gasolina en general, y de acuerdo con el Estándar Europeo de Combustible (EN590) que entró en vigor en enero de 2004, donde la gasolina que incluye 5% de biodiesel o menos (BD5) se reconoce como una gasolina en general (que satisface los requerimientos del estándar EN14214). En los estados Unidos, después de que se fundó el Consejo Nacional de Biodiesel en 1992, el Congreso y la EPA aprobaron la BD20 como combustible para vehículos con motor diesel en 1998, y el presidente Bush declaró la expansión de nueva energía reciclada incluido el biodiesel en 2001. De acuerdo con el anuncio de activos del gobierno, se está incrementando el suministro de biodiesel cada año, y el biodiesel se utiliza en los vehículos oficiales y los buses de las gobernaciones de los diferentes estados además de la Armada de los Estados Unidos, la Fuerza Aérea de los Estados Unidos, el Departamento de Energía y la NASA. En Corea, con base en el anuncio relacionado con un proyecto modelo de suministro para biodiesel por el MOCCC en mayo de 2002, el gobierno llevó a cabo el proyecto para dos años, y ahora está investigando la reacción del mercado y los problemas con el biodiesel. La principal ventaja del biodiesel es la reducción del humo emitido por los vehículos. Aunque el biodiesel también emite el gas de invernadero CO2, cuando se lo mira desde el punto de vista del ciclo completo del proceso (desde la producción hasta el consumo) produce cantidades muy bajas de CO2, y emite relativamente bajas cantidades de dióxido de azufre (Sox) y de material en partículas (PM). El biodiesel elaborado a partir de recursos vegetales puede ser producido a nivel doméstico, lo cual es una ventaja para la seguridad energética, y puede reducir la contaminación ambiental mediante el reciclaje de los recursos de los desperdicios, tal como los residuos de aceite de cocina. También, en el aspecto de la infraestructura, también se pueden utilizar redes de estaciones de gasolina o de motores diesel, y por lo tanto se reducen mucho los costos. Sin embargo, aunque se pueden esperar tales ventajas, el biodiesel tiene diferentes problemas en la sustitución por gasolina convencional y aceites volátiles. Aunque el biodiesel tiene que ser mezclado en una alta proporción para reducir los compuestos químicos tóxicos en los gases de escape de los vehículos, puede dañar los motores debido a la corrosión, y llegar a desnaturalizarse durante un prolongado almacenamiento. 10 100% pure. BD5 refers to a mixture of 95% gasoline and 5% biodiesel, and BD20 refers to a mixture that includes 20% biodiesel. Biodiesel attracts attention around the world as a future source of energy in the aspects of recycling of waste resources, reducing greenhouse gas (CO2), and the low emission of pollutants into the air. Recently, biodiesel is being tested or its supply is expanding through model projects around the world. Europe, which is very interested in the use of alternative energy, was the first to establish a system for biodiesel. Europe recognizes that biodiesel can be used in a range that meets the standard of gasoline in general, and in accordance with the European Fuel Standard (EN590) that entered into force in January 2004, where gasoline that includes 5% of Biodiesel or less (BD5) is recognized as a gasoline in general (which meets the requirements of the EN14214 standard). In the United States, after the National Biodiesel Council was founded in 1992, Congress and the EPA approved BD20 as a fuel for diesel-powered vehicles in 1998, and President Bush declared the expansion of new recycled energy including biodiesel in 2001. According to the announcement of government assets, the supply of biodiesel is increasing every year, and biodiesel is used in official vehicles and buses of the governorates of the different states in addition to the United States Navy. , the United States Air Force, the Department of Energy and NASA. In Korea, based on the announcement related to a model biodiesel supply project by the MOCCC in May 2002, the government carried out the project for two years, and is now investigating the market reaction and problems with biodiesel . The main advantage of biodiesel is the reduction of smoke emitted by vehicles. Although biodiesel also emits CO2 greenhouse gas, when viewed from the point of view of the entire process cycle (from production to consumption) it produces very low amounts of CO2, and emits relatively low amounts of sulfur dioxide ( Sox) and particulate material (PM). Biodiesel made from plant resources can be produced domestically, which is an advantage for energy security, and can reduce environmental pollution by recycling waste resources, such as cooking oil residues. Also, in the aspect of infrastructure, networks of petrol stations or diesel engines can also be used, and therefore costs are greatly reduced. However, although such advantages can be expected, biodiesel has different problems in replacing conventional gasoline and volatile oils. Although biodiesel has to be mixed in a high proportion to reduce toxic chemical compounds in vehicle exhaust, it can damage engines due to corrosion, and become denatured during prolonged storage.

Por estas razones, se requieren productos de alta pureza para los ésteres metílicos elaborados a partir de aceite vegetal que van a ser utilizados como aceite combustible para vehículos, y por lo tanto se lleva a cabo un proceso de destilación al vacío después de la reacción de los ésteres metílicos. La destilación al vacío se lleva a cabo a 2 a 3 torr y una temperatura máxima de 240ºC. Después del proceso de destilación al vacío, se utiliza el destilado resultante como aceite combustible biodiesel, y se recoge un residuo de destilación de aproximadamente el 10%. Tal residuo de destilación generado en la producción de biodiesel es un reactivo del aceite vegetal con una estructura de éster, y se puede utilizar como aceite lubricante base ambientalmente amigable. RESUMEN DE LA INVENCIÓN For these reasons, high purity products are required for methyl esters made from vegetable oil that are to be used as fuel oil for vehicles, and therefore a vacuum distillation process is carried out after the reaction of methyl esters. Vacuum distillation is carried out at 2 to 3 torr and a maximum temperature of 240 ° C. After the vacuum distillation process, the resulting distillate is used as biodiesel fuel oil, and a distillation residue of approximately 10% is collected. Such distillation residue generated in biodiesel production is a reagent of vegetable oil with an ester structure, and can be used as an environmentally friendly base lubricating oil. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Una modalidad de la invención proporciona una composición de grasa producida por medio de la adición de aditivos a los residuos de la destilación, que se generan en la producción del biodiesel por destilación de una mezcla de reacción obtenida por transesterificación de aceite vegetal o animal con un alcohol, y espesantes. One embodiment of the invention provides a fat composition produced by adding additives to distillation residues, which are generated in the production of biodiesel by distillation of a reaction mixture obtained by transesterification of vegetable or animal oil with a alcohol, and thickeners.

El espesante incluye jabón de litio, urea, jabón complejo de aluminio o bentonita, y el aditivo incluye un reductor del punto de gota, un aditivo lubricante, un estabilizador de estructura, un inhibidor de oxidación, o un inhibidor de corrosión. Aquí, los aditivos son aquellos que tienen un efecto menor sobre el medio ambiente y no incluyen ninguno de los componentes con restricciones de uso tales como nitritos, formaldehido y derivados de los mismos, e hidrocarburos de petróleo. The thickener includes lithium soap, urea, complex aluminum soap or bentonite, and the additive includes a drop point reducer, a lubricant additive, a structure stabilizer, an oxidation inhibitor, or a corrosion inhibitor. Here, the additives are those that have a minor effect on the environment and do not include any of the components with restrictions of use such as nitrites, formaldehyde and derivatives thereof, and petroleum hydrocarbons.

En un aspecto, la presente invención está dirigida a una grasa lubricante industrial para maquinaria y equipos, y más particularmente, a una composición de una grasa producida por medio de la adición de 3 a 30% en peso de aditivos a 10 a 95% en peso de residuos de destilación, que se generan en la producción de biodiesel 10a y 3 a 30% en peso de espesantes. In one aspect, the present invention is directed to an industrial lubricating grease for machinery and equipment, and more particularly, to a composition of a grease produced by the addition of 3 to 30% by weight of additives to 10 to 95% in Distillation waste weight, which is generated in the production of 10d and 3 to 30% biodiesel by weight of thickeners.

El residuo de destilación del biodiesel de la presente invención se genera a partir de aceite de soja o aceite de colza. The biodiesel distillation residue of the present invention is generated from soybean oil or rapeseed oil.

El espesante utilizado en la presente invención incluye al menos uno seleccionado del grupo que consiste de jabón de litio, jabón de aluminio, diurea, bentona y gel de sílice. The thickener used in the present invention includes at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium soap, aluminum soap, diurea, bentone and silica gel.

Los jabones de litio y de aluminio incluyen los metales litio y aluminio, y los jabones formados por saponificación entre ácido 12-hidroxi esteárico, ácido esteárico, ácido bórico o ácido benzoico y H2O. Lithium and aluminum soaps include lithium and aluminum metals, and soaps formed by saponification between 12-stearic acid, stearic acid, boric acid or benzoic acid and H2O.

El espesor de urea incluye un producto de diurea, formado por una reacción entre un producto seleccionado del grupo que consiste de un compuesto de diisocianato de tolileno, compuestos diisocianato tales como diisocianato de difenilmetano y diisocianato de naftaleno y un producto seleccionado del grupo que consiste de monoaminas tales como bencilamina, toluidina y cloroanilina, tetradecilamina, pentadecilamina, hexadecilamina, heptadecilamina, octadecilamina, nonildecilamina y eicosilamina. The urea thickness includes a diurea product, formed by a reaction between a product selected from the group consisting of a tolylene diisocyanate compound, diisocyanate compounds such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate and naphthalene diisocyanate and a product selected from the group consisting of monoamines such as benzylamine, toluidine and chloroaniline, tetradecylamine, pentadecylamine, hexadecylamine, heptadecylamine, octadecylamine, nonildecylamine and eicosylamine.

El espesante de bentona incluye bentonita y un autoactivador tal como alcohol o por destilación de una mezcla de reacción obtenida por medio de transesterificación de aceite vegetal o animal con un hidroalcohol. The bentone thickener includes bentonite and a self-activator such as alcohol or by distillation of a reaction mixture obtained by transesterification of vegetable or animal oil with a hydroalcohol.

El espesante de gel de sílice es sílice pirogénica (humo de sílice) que incluye sílices hidrófobas e hidrofílicas. The silica gel thickener is pyrogenic silica (silica fume) that includes hydrophobic and hydrophilic silicas.

El aditivo utilizado en la presente invención incluye al menos uno seleccionado del grupo que consiste de un reductor del punto de gota, un aditivo lubricante, un inhibidor de corrosión, un inhibidor de oxidación, un estabilizador de estructura, y un espesante. The additive used in the present invention includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a drop point reducer, a lubricant additive, a corrosion inhibitor, an oxidation inhibitor, a structure stabilizer, and a thickener.

El reductor del punto de gota utilizado en la presente invención incluye polimetacrilato, aceite base sintético aromático o derivados de los mismos. The drop point reducer used in the present invention includes polymethacrylate, aromatic synthetic base oil or derivatives thereof.

El aditivo lubricante incluye sales metálicas de ditiocarbamato, fosfato de arilo y éster fosfórico, sulfuro o derivados de los mismos. The lubricant additive includes metal salts of dithiocarbamate, aryl phosphate and phosphoric ester, sulfide or derivatives thereof.

El inhibidor de corrosión incluye benzotriazol, toliltriazol, mercaptobenzotriazol o derivados de los mismos. The corrosion inhibitor includes benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, mercaptobenzotriazole or derivatives thereof.

El inhibidor de oxidación incluye tetrabutilmetilfenol, un compuesto de quinolina o derivados de los mismos. The oxidation inhibitor includes tetrabutylmethylphenol, a quinoline compound or derivatives thereof.

El estabilizador de estructura incluye un copolímero tal como etileno propileno o derivados de los mismos. The structure stabilizer includes a copolymer such as ethylene propylene or derivatives thereof.

El espesante incluye derivados de polibuteno o poliisobutileno. DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN The thickener includes polybutene or polyisobutylene derivatives. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Se formaron las grasas utilizando un residuo de destilación de biodiesel como aceite lubricante base por medio de cuatro espesantes, y luego se midieron sus propiedades y desempeño. Modalidad 1 de Ejemplo (Espesante de Litio) The greases were formed using a biodiesel distillation residue as a base lubricating oil by means of four thickeners, and then their properties and performance were measured. Example Modality 1 (Lithium Thickener)

Se produjo una grasa de jabón de litio utilizando un residuo de destilación generado en la producción del biodiesel, jabón de litio (un producto de saponificación de hidróxido de litio y ácido A lithium soap grease was produced using a distillation residue generated in the production of biodiesel, lithium soap (a saponification product of lithium hydroxide and acid

7 graso tal como ácido 12-hidroxi esteárico, ácido esteárico, ácido azeláico o ácido bórico), un reductor del punto de gota, un aditivo lubricante, un inhibidor de corrosión, un inhibidor de oxidación, un estabilizador de la estructura y un espesante. Tabla 1. Composición y Propiedades de la Grasa de Jabón de Litio 7 fatty such as 12-hydroxy stearic acid, stearic acid, azelaic acid or boric acid), a drop point reducer, a lubricant additive, a corrosion inhibitor, an oxidation inhibitor, a structure stabilizer and a thickener. Table 1. Composition and Properties of Lithium Soap Grease

Cantidad (%) Quantity (%)
Nombre 1 2 3 Name one 2 3

Ácido Graso Fatty acid
6,0 4,0 2,0 6.0 4.0 2.0

Hidróxido de Litio Lithium hydroxide
0,9 0,6 0,3 0.9 0.6 0.3

Residuo de destilación del biodiesel Biodiesel distillation residue
82,0 83,0 85,0 82.0 83.0 85.0

Reductor del punto de gota Drop point reducer
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Aditivo lubricante Lubricant additive
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Espesante Thickener
8,0 9,0 9,0 8.0 9.0 9.0

Etc. Etc.
Cantidad apropiada Cantidad apropiada Cantidad apropiada Appropriate amount Appropriate amount Appropriate amount

Propiedad Property
Categorías Categories

Penetración Trabajada Worked Penetration
330 367 421 330 367 421

Punto de Goteo (ºC) Drip Point (ºC)
170 162 159 170 162 159

Prueba de 4 bolas (Método Shell), mm 4-ball test (Shell Method), mm
0,6 ó menos 0,6 ó menos 0,6 ó menos 0.6 or less 0.6 or less 0.6 or less

% de Separación del Aceite (100ºC, 24 h) % Oil Separation (100ºC, 24 h)
4,5 6,5 9,0 4,5 6.5 9.0

Corrosión del Cobre (100ºC, 24 h) Copper Corrosion (100ºC, 24 h)
Sin cambio de color Sin cambio de color Sin cambio de color No color change No color change No color change

5 Modalidad 2 de Ejemplo (Espesante de Urea) 5 Example Modality 2 (Urea Thickener)

Se produjo una grasa de urea utilizando un residuo de destilación generado en la producción del biodiesel, un espesante urea (diurea, un compuesto de diisocianato de tolileno, un compuesto de diisocianato de diisocianato de difenilmetano o diisocianato de naftaleno, monoamina de bencilamina, toluidina o cloroanilina, o una amina aromática tal como tetradecilamina, pentadecilamina, A urea fat was produced using a distillation residue generated in the production of biodiesel, a urea thickener (diurea, a compound of tolylene diisocyanate, a compound of diphenylmethane diisocyanate or naphthalene diisocyanate, benzylamine monoamine, toluidine or chloroaniline, or an aromatic amine such as tetradecylamine, pentadecylamine,

10 hexadecilamina, heptadecilamina, octadecilamina, nonildecilamina o eicosilamina), un reductor del punto de goteo, un aditivo lubricante, un inhibidor de corrosión, un inhibidor de oxidación y un estabilizador de la estructura. Tabla 2. Composición y Propiedades de la Grasa de Urea 10 hexadecylamine, heptadecylamine, octadecylamine, nonildecylamine or eicosylamine), a drip point reducer, a lubricant additive, a corrosion inhibitor, an oxidation inhibitor and a structure stabilizer. Table 2. Composition and Properties of Urea Fat

Cantidad (%) Quantity (%)
Nombre 1 2 3 Name one 2 3

Diisocianato Diisocyanate
10,0 8,0 6,0 10.0 8.0 6.0

Amina aromática Aromatic amine
10,0 8,0 6,0 10.0 8.0 6.0

Residuo de destilación del biodiesel Biodiesel distillation residue
68,0 70,0 74,0 68.0 70.0 74.0

Reductor del punto de gota Drop point reducer
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Aditivo lubricante Lubricant additive
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Aditivo Resistente al Agua Water Resistant Additive
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Espesante Thickener
8,0 9,0 9,0 8.0 9.0 9.0

Etc. Etc.
Cantidad apropiada Cantidad apropiada Cantidad apropiada Appropriate amount Appropriate amount Appropriate amount

Propiedad Property
Categorías Categories

Cantidad (%) Quantity (%)
Nombre 1 2 3 Name one 2 3

Penetración Trabajada Worked Penetration
290 335 360 290 335 360

Punto de Goteo (ºC) Drip Point (ºC)
260 255 252 260 255 252

Prueba de 4 bolas (Método Shell), mm 4-ball test (Shell Method), mm
0,6 ó menos 0,6 ó menos 0,6 ó menos 0.6 or less 0.6 or less 0.6 or less

% de Separación del Aceite (100ºC, 24 h) % Oil Separation (100ºC, 24 h)
3,0 4,3 5,8 3.0 4.3 5.8

Corrosión del Cobre (100ºC, 24 h) Copper Corrosion (100ºC, 24 h)
Sin cambio de color Sin cambio de color Sin cambio de color No color change No color change No color change

Modalidad 3 de Ejemplo (Espesante de Aluminio) Example Modality 3 (Aluminum Thickener)

Se produjo un complejo de aluminio utilizando un residuo de destilación generado en la producción del biodiesel, un espesante complejo de aluminio (un compuesto metálico de aluminio, y un ácido graso tal como ácido benzoico, palmítico, palmitoleico, esteárico, oleico o linoleico), un reductor del punto de goteo, un aditivo lubricante, un inhibidor de corrosión, un inhibidor de oxidación y un estabilizador de la estructura. An aluminum complex was produced using a distillation residue generated in the production of biodiesel, a complex aluminum thickener (a metallic aluminum compound, and a fatty acid such as benzoic, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic or linoleic acid), a drip point reducer, a lubricant additive, a corrosion inhibitor, an oxidation inhibitor and a structure stabilizer.

Tabla 3. Composición y Propiedades de la Grasa de Aluminio Table 3. Composition and Properties of Aluminum Grease

Cantidad (%) Quantity (%)
Nombre 1 2 3 Name one 2 3

Isopropóxido de Aluminio Aluminum Isopropoxide
8,0 6,0 4,0 8.0 6.0 4.0

Ácido esteárico Stearic acid
11,0 8,3 5,6 11.0 8.3 5.6

Ácido Benzoico Benzoic Acid
4,8 3,6 2,4 4.8 3.6 2.4

Agua (H2O) Water (H2O)
0,7 0,5 0,3 0.7 0.5 0.3

Residuo de destilación del biodiesel Biodiesel distillation residue
63,5 68,6 74,7 63.5 68.6 74.7

Reductor del punto de gota Drop point reducer
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Aditivo lubricante Lubricant additive
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Aditivo Resistente al Agua Water Resistant Additive
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Espesante Thickener
8,0 9,0 9,0 8.0 9.0 9.0

Etc. Etc.
Cantidad apropiada Cantidad apropiada Cantidad apropiada Appropriate amount Appropriate amount Appropriate amount

Propiedad Property
Categorías Categories

Penetración Trabajada Worked Penetration
275 312 363 275 312 363

Punto de Goteo (ºC) Drip Point (ºC)
261 258 247 261 258 247

Prueba de 4 bolas (Método Shell), mm 4-ball test (Shell Method), mm
0,6 ó menos 0,6 ó menos 0,6 ó menos 0.6 or less 0.6 or less 0.6 or less

% de Separación del Aceite (100ºC, 24 h) % Oil Separation (100ºC, 24 h)
2,5 3,7 4,1 2.5 3.7 4.1

Corrosión del Cobre (100ºC, 24 h) Copper Corrosion (100ºC, 24 h)
Sin cambio de color Sin cambio de color Sin cambio de color No color change No color change No color change

Modalidad 4 de Ejemplo (Espesante de Bentona) Example Modality 4 (Bentona Thickener)

10 Se produjo una grasa de bentona utilizando un residuo de destilación generado en la producción del biodiesel, un espesante de bentona, un reductor del punto de goteo, un aditivo lubricante, un inhibidor de corrosión, un inhibidor de oxidación y un estabilizador de la estructura. 10 A bentone grease was produced using a distillation residue generated in the production of biodiesel, a bentone thickener, a drip point reducer, a lubricant additive, a corrosion inhibitor, an oxidation inhibitor and a structure stabilizer .

Cantidad (%) Quantity (%)
Nombre 1 2 3 Name one 2 3

Bentonita Bentonite
10,0 8,0 6,0 10.0 8.0 6.0

Metanol Methanol
0,1 0,1 0,1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Residuo de destilación del biodiesel Biodiesel distillation residue
78,0 79,0 81,0 78.0 79.0 81.0

Reductor del punto de gota Drop point reducer
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Aditivo lubricante Lubricant additive
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Aditivo Resistente al Agua Water Resistant Additive
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Espesante Thickener
8,0 9,0 9,0 8.0 9.0 9.0

Etc. Etc.
Cantidad apropiada Cantidad apropiada Cantidad apropiada Appropriate amount Appropriate amount Appropriate amount

Propiedad Property
Categorías Categories

Penetración Trabajada Worked Penetration
288 317 356 288 317 356

Punto de Goteo (ºC) Drip Point (ºC)
Ninguno Ninguno Ninguno None None None

Prueba de 4 bolas (Método Shell), mm 4-ball test (Shell Method), mm
0,7 ó menos 0,7 ó menos 0,7 ó menos 0.7 or less 0.7 or less 0.7 or less

% de Separación del Aceite (100ºC, 24 h) % Oil Separation (100ºC, 24 h)
1,8 2,9 3,5 1.8 2.9 3.5

Corrosión del Cobre (100ºC, 24 h) Copper Corrosion (100ºC, 24 h)
Sin cambio de color Sin cambio de color Sin cambio de color No color change No color change No color change

Modalidad 5 de Ejemplo (Espesante de Sílice) Example Modality 5 (Silica Thickener)

Se produjo una grasa de sílice utilizando un residuo de destilación generado en la producción A silica grease was produced using a distillation residue generated in production

del biodiesel, un espesante de gel de sílice, un reductor del punto de goteo, un aditivo lubricante, un of biodiesel, a silica gel thickener, a drip point reducer, a lubricant additive, a

inhibidor de corrosión, un inhibidor de oxidación y un estabilizador de la estructura. corrosion inhibitor, an oxidation inhibitor and a structure stabilizer.

Tabla 4. Composición y Propiedades de la Grasa utilizando Gel de Sílice Pirogénica como Espesante Table 4. Composition and Properties of Fat using Pyrogenic Silica Gel as a Thickener

Cantidad (%) Quantity (%)
Nombre 1 2 3 Name one 2 3

Gel e Sílice Pirogénica Pyrogenic Gel and Silica
16,0 13,0 10,0 16.0 13.0 10.0

Residuo de destilación del biodiesel Biodiesel distillation residue
72,0 74,0 77,0 72.0 74.0 77.0

Reductor del punto de gota Drop point reducer
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Aditivo lubricante Lubricant additive
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Aditivo Resistente al Agua Water Resistant Additive
1,0 1,0 1,0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Espesante Thickener
8,0 9,0 9,0 8.0 9.0 9.0

Etc. Etc.
Cantidad apropiada Cantidad apropiada Cantidad apropiada Appropriate amount Appropriate amount Appropriate amount

Propiedad Property
Categorías Categories

Penetración Trabajada Worked Penetration
316 361 405 316 361 405

Punto de Goteo (ºC) Drip Point (ºC)
Ninguno Ninguno Ninguno None None None

Prueba de 4 bolas (Método Shell), mm 4-ball test (Shell Method), mm
0,8 ó menos 0,8 ó menos 0,8 ó menos 0.8 or less 0.8 or less 0.8 or less

% de Separación del Aceite (100ºC, 24 h) % Oil Separation (100ºC, 24 h)
3,3 4,2 7,8 3.3 4.2 7.8

Cantidad (%) Quantity (%)
Nombre 1 2 3 Name one 2 3

Corrosión del Cobre (100ºC, 24 h) Copper Corrosion (100ºC, 24 h)
Sin cambio de color Sin cambio de color Sin cambio de color No color change No color change No color change

La presente invención utiliza un residuo de la destilación del biodiesel como aceite base de la The present invention uses a biodiesel distillation residue as the base oil of the

grasa con el fin de proporcionar una grasa ambientalmente amigable y obtener beneficios del reciclaje grease in order to provide an environmentally friendly grease and obtain recycling benefits

del residuo de la destilación del biodiesel, y la grasa ambientalmente amigable puede tener buena of the biodiesel distillation residue, and the environmentally friendly grease can have good

5 5
lubricación comparada con un aceite base convencional de petróleo y puede ser más barata que un lubrication compared to a conventional petroleum base oil and can be cheaper than a

producto que utiliza aceite vegetal o éster sintético como aceite base. product that uses vegetable oil or synthetic ester as base oil.

10 10

15 fifteen

20 twenty

25 25

30 30

35 35

Claims (8)

1. one.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. Four.
5. 5.
6. 6.
7. 7.
8. 8.
11 eleven


Una composición de grasa producida por medio de la adición de 3 a 20% en peso de aditivos a 50 a 95% en peso de residuos de destilación, que se generan en la producción del biodiesel por destilación de una mezcla de reacción obtenida por medio de transesterificación de aceite animal o vegetal con un alcohol, y 3 a 30% en peso de espesantes. La composición de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1, en donde al aceite vegetal se selecciona el grupo que incluye aceite de salvado de arroz, aceite de residuos de cocina, aceite de soja o aceite de canola y en donde el residuo de destilación tiene una viscosidad cinemática del aceite base de 20 a 400 cSt a 40ºC. La composición de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1, en donde el espesante incluye al menos uno seleccionado del grupo que consiste de jabón de litio, diurea, un complejo de aluminio, un espesante de bentona y un espesante de gel de sílice. La composición de acuerdo a la reivindicación 3, en donde el espesante de jabón de litio incluye al menos uno seleccionado del grupo que consiste de un compuesto metálico de hidróxido de litio, ácidos 12-hidroxi esteárico, esteárico, bórico, azeláico, y sebácico. La composición de acuerdo a la reivindicación 3, en donde el espesante de diurea incluye al menos uno seleccionado del grupo que consiste de un compuesto de diisocianato, monoaminas tales como bencilamina, toluidina y cloroanilina, y aminas aromáticas tales como tetradecilamina, pentadecilamina, hexadecilamina, heptadecilamina, octadecilamina, nonildecilamina y eicosilamina. La composición de acuerdo a la reivindicación 3, en donde el espesante de jabón del complejo de aluminio se forma a partir de un compuesto de metal aluminio, y al menos uno seleccionado del grupo que consiste de los ácidos benzoico, esteárico, palmítico, palmitoleico, y oleico. La composición de acuerdo a la reivindicación 3, en donde el espesante de gel de sílice se forma de sílice pirogénica, que incluye sílices hidrófoba e hidrofílica y se dispersa en el aceite base que a ser utilizado como el espesante de la grasa. La composición de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1, en donde el aditivo incluye al menos uno seleccionado del grupo que consiste de: un reductor del punto de gota que incluye polimetacrilato, aceite base sintético aromático y derivados de los mismos; un aditivo lubricante que incluye sales metálicas de ditiocarbamato, fosfato de arilo o éster fosfórico, sulfuro o derivados de los mismos; un inhibidor de corrosión que incluye benzotriazol, toliltriazol, mercaptobenzotriazol o derivados de los mismos; un inhibidor de oxidación que incluye tetrabutil metilfenol, un compuesto de quinolina o derivados de los mismos; y un estabilizador de estructura que incluye un copolímero tal como etileno, propileno y derivados de los mismos. A fat composition produced by the addition of 3 to 20% by weight of additives to 50 to 95% by weight of distillation residues, which are generated in the production of biodiesel by distillation of a reaction mixture obtained by means of transesterification of animal or vegetable oil with an alcohol, and 3 to 30% by weight of thickeners. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the group which includes rice bran oil, kitchen waste oil, soybean oil or canola oil is selected from the vegetable oil and wherein the distillation residue has a kinematic viscosity of the base oil of 20 to 400 cSt at 40 ° C. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the thickener includes at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium soap, diurea, an aluminum complex, a bentone thickener and a silica gel thickener. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the lithium soap thickener includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal compound of lithium hydroxide, stearic, stearic, boric, azelactic, and sebacic 12-hydroxy acids. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the diurea thickener includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a diisocyanate compound, monoamines such as benzylamine, toluidine and chloroaniline, and aromatic amines such as tetradecylamine, pentadecylamine, hexadecylamine, heptadecylamine, octadecylamine, nonildecylamine and eicosylamine. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the soap thickener of the aluminum complex is formed from an aluminum metal compound, and at least one selected from the group consisting of benzoic, stearic, palmitic, palmitoleic acids, and oleic. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the silica gel thickener is formed of pyrogenic silica, which includes hydrophobic and hydrophilic silica and is dispersed in the base oil to be used as the fat thickener. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the additive includes at least one selected from the group consisting of: a drop point reducer that includes polymethacrylate, aromatic synthetic base oil and derivatives thereof; a lubricant additive that includes metal salts of dithiocarbamate, aryl phosphate or phosphoric ester, sulfide or derivatives thereof; a corrosion inhibitor that includes benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, mercaptobenzotriazole or derivatives thereof; an oxidation inhibitor that includes tetrabutyl methylphenol, a quinoline compound or derivatives thereof; and a structure stabilizer that includes a copolymer such as ethylene, propylene and derivatives thereof.
ES07118302T 2007-01-12 2007-10-11 COMPOSITION OF A BIODEGRADABLE FAT USING A DISTILLATION WASTE GENERATED IN BIODIESEL PRODUCTION. Active ES2352982T3 (en)

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