ES2352936A1 - Armada wood beam. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Armed wood beam. It comprises a wooden core (9), composed of one or more sections, and an armature (10) consisting of at least one bar (2, 3, 4) of fiber-reinforced plastic, preferably of pultruded plastic. The core (9) can be made of laminated wood and the reinforcement (10) comprise, centered in the core (9) of laminated wood, an injected pultruded plastic bar, or rows of parallel bars (3, 4) arranged longitudinally to the beam (1). Alternatively, the web (9) can be composed of four square-shaped sections (5), and the reinforcement comprises a bar (2) arranged centrally in the beam (1), in the longitudinal unión of the four squares (5). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Armored wood beam.

Technical sector of the invention

The present invention relates to the sector of the construction, specifically to resistant elements of wood, and more in particular to a beam of reinforced wood, with a main section of wood and longitudinal reinforcement profiles, applicable in special, but not limited to known wood profiles as of "glued laminated section", and of "composite section for 4 glued sections ".

Background of the invention

In recent years they have developed a series of new "solid / compact" wood products for modern wood construction. In order to get better ones properties are classified by methods of "conversion", drying, elimination of defective parts, and the interconnection of several pieces to form larger and longer sections. Also in the market will find different types of manufacturing for The same wood.

A good number of are known in the art realizations of wood sections of this type for the formation of beams and other types of resistant wooden elements (such as pillars, etc.), among which it should be noted: section circular; rectangular section soft wood; rectangular section hardwood; plank; "Duo / Trio" section; laminated section glued section consisting of 4 glued sections, etc.

A problem with wooden beams is that the mechanical properties of each concrete beam depend on the particular conformation of wood tissues and nerves. Thus, the tensile strength can vary significantly from one Beam to another and is not completely free of randomness.

To solve this problem, this purpose of the invention is to provide a wooden beam of new constitution, whose mechanical and structural properties are See improved.

The present invention finds particular application on the wooden beam profiles of these last two configurations, ie "glued laminated section", and of "section composed of 4 glued sections" (or squares), since these configurations allow on the one hand the selection of the most resistant parts of the logs and, on the other, provide a versatility of work for the incorporation of various resistant elements. However, the rest are not excluded of settings.

Explanation of the invention.

To this end, the purpose of this invention is a beam of reinforced wood, of novel concept and functionality, which is essentially characterized by understanding a wooden soul, consisting of one or more sections, and an armor consisting of at least one plastic bar reinforced with fibers

According to an embodiment preferred of the present invention, the bars are plastic pultrusionado, that is to say manufactured by means of a process of manufacture of glass or carbon fiber reinforced plastic in general.

According to a variant, the soul is made of wood laminate, in which case the armor can comprise, centered on the laminated wood core, a pultruded plastic bar produced by injection of plastic resins.

Alternatively or additionally, in the case of laminated wood, the beam can also comprise at least one row of longitudinally arranged parallel bars.

In another variant, the soul is composed of four sections in the form of glued squares, and the armor it comprises a reinforcement bar arranged centrally in the beam, at the longitudinal junction of the four squares.

The beam may comprise means for the post-tensioning of the reinforcement bars, for example constituted by threading means to produce compression in the bars.

Alternatively the plastic bars Pultruded armor are prestressed bars.

The appearance and availability in the market of fiber reinforced plastic (PRF) and in particular manufacturing by pultrusion in cylinders of small diameter (round) allows its Consideration as incorporation into wood sections. In particular pultruded profiles have a module of elasticity similar to wood, being an organic product They allow easy adhesion and high resistance. Their design features and techniques are similar to those of the wood, which allows a good collaboration.

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Brief description of the drawings

The detailed description follows of preferred, but not exclusive, embodiments of the reinforced wood beam of the present invention, for whose best understanding is accompanied by drawings given merely by way of non-limiting example, in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view that illustrates the constitution of a first embodiment of the beam of the present invention, with its exploded parts;

Fig. 2 is an analogous perspective view of Fig. 1, in which the finished beam is shown, with its parts mounted;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view that illustrates the constitution of a second embodiment of the beam of the present invention, with its exploded parts;

Fig. 4 is an analogous perspective view of Fig. 3, in which the finished beam with its parts is illustrated mounted; Y

Fig. 5 is a side sectional view partial of a beam according to the first variant of the invention, in shown a profile of pultruded armor with postted.

Detailed description of the drawings

In said drawings it can be seen that the reinforced wood beam 1 of the invention comprises a wooden core 9, consisting of one or more sections, and a reinforcement 10 consisting of bars 2, 3, 4 of fiber reinforced plastic, also referred to as composite occasions. According to the invention, the bars 2, 3, 4 are pultruded plastic.

The placement of the reinforcement 10 in a section or solid wood core 9 makes it possible to considerably increase the mechanical properties of the section and of the resulting beam 1. The composite is unalterable to inorganic corrosion and the union allows high mechanical characteristics.

A first possibility is the composite section mixed, in wood and reinforced plastic. These two materials have a very similar module and its workability is similar, but the Mechanical properties of reinforced plastics is considerably higher than wood. This can be achieved. introducing a bar inside the wooden section perfectly adhered by resin injections, so that the transmission of efforts through the ground at the interface is guaranteed of wood with plastic.

Another possibility is to perform in the soul 9 of laminated wood with a reinforcement composed of rows of bars parallel 3, 4 arranged longitudinally to beam 1, as seen in Fig. 4, in which the armor 10 is formed by a upper row of bars 3 and a lower row of bars 4.

In this case, the bars 3, 4 can be arranged by insertion between a central portion 8 of the wooden core 9 and two respective upper 6 and lower 7 portions of the wood, which they act as covers to cover the bars 3, 4 of the reinforcement 10. This can be seen in Fig. 3.

One more possibility is that soul 9 is composed of four sections in the form of squares 5, as see in Figs. 1 and 2, and the armor 10 comprises a single bar 2 centrally arranged on beam 1, at the longitudinal junction of the four squares 5. The four wooden squares 5 are glued together on the fiber reinforced plastic bar 2 impregnated with resin, in order to guarantee compactness of the section and the transmission of the flush effort at the interface of the two materials.

The bars of the reinforcement 10, whatever their number and arrangement, may be subjected to testing operations (post-tensioned or prestressed). The testing allows to introduce an initial force to the wood that opposes those that will be in service, constituting a self-balancing system.

In the case of post-tensioning, this is preferably applied, although not exclusively, to the section consisting of four glued "square" sections 5 formed a hole 13 in its center whereby the introduction of a bar post-tensioning system is allowed (Fig. 5). In this case the composite remains free, without adhesion, along the bar 2 and the compression tension ( C ) on the wood is achieved by threading by means of nuts 11 at its ends, anchored to a plate 12 that distributes the axial load to the entire wooden section, varying the degree of torsion on the plate 12.

In the case of prestressing, the mixed composite pretested section is intended to simulate the prestressed concrete beam, that is, in the fabrication of these beams 1 the reinforcement 10 is tested first, eg with a tensile stress T (Fig. 2) , and once the desired tension is reached, the wooden parts or squares 5 are glued to the bars 2 reinforcement 10, so that when it can be guaranteed that there is adhesion between the different elements, the reinforcement 10 is released active so that it tends to recover its initial state and produces a compression to the composite beam 1 at the center of gravity of the bar 2 of the reinforcement 10.

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A manufacturing process of beam 1 can be in the following four phases;

Phase 1:

Tested of active armor 10 to tension (e.g. traction \ underbar {T}) defined in the calculations.

Phase 2:

Gluing the sections in square 5 of wood to join each other and to bar 2 of the prestressed armor 10.

Phase 3:

Snap joint of square sections 5 of wood and prestressed armor 10 (Fig. 2).

Phase 4:

Once the adhesion between elements is guaranteed, release the prestressed armor 10.

Describe sufficiently the nature of the The present invention, as well as how to implement it, is states that everything that does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle, is subject to variations in detail. In In this sense, in the present specification the invention in relation to a beam, although it should be understood that principles of the invention are equally applicable to other types of resistant wooden elements, such as pillars, joists, etc.

Claims (9)

1. Reinforced wood beam, characterized in that it comprises a wooden core (9), composed of one or more sections, and a reinforcement (10) consisting of at least one bar (2, 3, 4) of fiber reinforced plastic. 2. Reinforced wood beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the bars (2, 3, 4) are made of pultruded plastic. 3. Reinforced wood beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the core (9) is made of laminated wood. 4. Reinforced wood beam according to claim 3, characterized in that the reinforcement (10) comprises, centered on the core (9) of laminated wood, an injected pultruded plastic bar. 5. Reinforced wood beam according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises at least one row of parallel bars (3, 4) arranged longitudinally to the beam (1). 6. Reinforced wood beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the core (9) is composed of four sections in the form of squares (5), and the reinforcement comprises a reinforcement bar (2) centrally arranged in the beam (1), in the longitudinal junction of the four squares (5). 7. Reinforced wood beam, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for the post-tensioning of the bars (2) of the reinforcement (10). 8. Reinforced wood beam according to claim 7, characterized in that said means for post-tensioning the bars (2) are threading means (11) for producing compression (C) on the bars. 9. Reinforced wood beam according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the bars (2) of the frame (10) are prestressed bars.