ES2349380A1 - System for the obtaining of calcium hydroxide from calcium sulfate. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

System for the obtaining of calcium hydroxide from calcium sulfate. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDF

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ES2349380A1
ES2349380A1 ES200900317A ES200900317A ES2349380A1 ES 2349380 A1 ES2349380 A1 ES 2349380A1 ES 200900317 A ES200900317 A ES 200900317A ES 200900317 A ES200900317 A ES 200900317A ES 2349380 A1 ES2349380 A1 ES 2349380A1
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calcium
sulfate
calcium hydroxide
ammonia
obtaining
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ES2349380B1 (en
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Javier Porcar Orti
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Fundacion Investigacion e Innovacion para el Desarrollo Social
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01FCOMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F11/00Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
    • C01F11/02Oxides or hydroxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2/00Lime, magnesia or dolomite

Abstract

Obtaining oxide and calcium hydroxide from calcium sulfate. These consist in the introduction of calcium sulphate (2) and dissolution of ammonia in water (4), in a reaction tank (1). By means of a mechanical agitator and at three thousand revolutions per minute we create an emulsion, so that the calcium sulfate reacts with the ammonia in solution. Ammonium sulfate (6) is produced, leaving calcium hydroxide solution in which it decant (5) and is recovered. Likewise, the amine sulphate obtained by crystallization treatment (7) by nebulization, sulfuric acid (8) and ammonia in gas that is recovered for reuse (4). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Obtención de hidróxido cálcico a partir de sulfato cálcico.Obtaining calcium hydroxide from calcium sulfate

La gran preocupación que implican las emisiones de CO_{2} a la atmósfera y la entrada en vigor de protocolos, como el de Kyoto, así como medidas gubernamentales en la materia encaminadas a penalizar a aquellas empresas que más CO_{2} emitan a la atmósfera, justifica de por sí la iniciativa de cualquier invención que sea capaz de reducir ó mitigar las emisiones de CO_{2} en los procesos industriales.The major concern of emissions of CO2 to the atmosphere and the entry into force of protocols, such as that of Kyoto, as well as government measures in the matter aimed at penalizing those companies that emit more CO_ {2} to the atmosphere, justifies the initiative of any invention that is capable of reducing or mitigating emissions from CO_ {2} in industrial processes.

En el estado actual, la obtención del óxido cálcico -CaO- hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH_{2})-, se realiza mediante la calcinación de la piedra caliza, compuesta mayoritariamente por carbonato cálcico -CaCO_{3}-, de forma que se desprende CO_{2} que es emitido a la atmósfera y queda el óxido cálcico -CaO-, que previa su hidratación se convierte en hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}-. El óxido e hidróxido cálcico -CaO y Ca(OH)_{2}-, tienen multitud de aplicaciones especialmente en las cementeras para producir el cemento porlant, por lo que las emisiones de CO_{2} a la atmósfera para la obtención de óxido e hidróxido cálcico -CaO y Ca(OH)_{2}- son de mucha importancia.In the current state, obtaining the oxide calcium -CaO- calcium hydroxide -Ca (OH2) -, is performed by calcining limestone, composed mostly by calcium carbonate -CaCO3 -, so that emits CO2 which is emitted into the atmosphere and the oxide remains calcium -CaO-, which prior hydration becomes hydroxide calcium -Ca (OH) 2 -. Oxide and calcium hydroxide -CaO and Ca (OH) 2 -, have many applications especially in cement plants to produce porlant cement, so the CO2 emissions into the atmosphere for the obtaining calcium oxide and hydroxide -CaO and Ca (OH) 2 - are very important.

Es dentro de esta realidad, donde se encuadra la presente invención, que desarrolla un sistema para evitar las emisiones de CO_{2} en la producción del óxido e hidróxido cálcico -CaO y Ca(OH)_{2}- y que se consigue mediante un proceso de reacciones químicas. La invención consiste en obtener el hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}- tomando como materia prima el sulfato cálcico -CaSO_{4}-, en lugar del carbonato cálcico -CaCO_{3}-, evitando así la emisión de CO_{2} a la atmósfera, como ocurre en la actualidad.It is within this reality, where the present invention, which develops a system to avoid CO2 emissions in the production of calcium oxide and hydroxide -CaO and Ca (OH) 2 - and which is achieved by a chemical reaction process. The invention consists in obtaining the calcium hydroxide -Ca (OH) 2 - taking as matter premium calcium sulfate -CaSO_ {4} -, instead of carbonate calcium -CaCO_ {3} -, thus avoiding the emission of CO2 to the atmosphere, as is the case today.

Objeto de la invenciónObject of the invention

Por todo ello el motivo de la presente invención trata de reducir las emisiones de CO_{2} producido por calcinación del carbonato cálcico -CaCO_{3}-, para obtener el hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}- partiendo del sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}- como materia prima, para la obtención de dicho producto.Therefore, the reason for the present invention tries to reduce CO2 emissions produced by calcination of the calcium carbonate -CaCO 3 -, to obtain the hydroxide calcium -Ca (OH) 2 - starting from calcium sulfate -CaCO_ {4} - as raw material, to obtain said product.

La presente invención, tal y como expresa el enunciado de esta memoria descriptiva, consiste en un nuevo "Sistema para la obtención de hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}- a partir del sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}-", reduciendo las emisiones de CO_{2} que actualmente se emiten a la atmósfera cuando se obtiene el óxido cálcico -CaO- y por hidratación, el hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}-, a cuando la materia prima de la que se parte es el carbonato cálcico -CaCO_{3}-.The present invention, as expressed by the stated in this descriptive report, it consists of a new "System for obtaining calcium hydroxide -Ca (OH) 2 - from calcium sulfate -CaCO_ {4} - ", reducing the CO2 emissions that currently they are emitted into the atmosphere when rust is obtained calcium -CaO- and by hydration, calcium hydroxide -Ca (OH) 2 -, when the raw material from which part is calcium carbonate -CaCO 3 -.

"El sistema para la obtención de hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}- a partir del sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}-", viene determinado por la trituración del mineral de sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}-, con una granulometría inferior a cincuenta mieras. El sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}- micronizado, lo introduciremos en un "depósito de reacción", a temperatura y presión ambiente."The system for obtaining hydroxide calcium -Ca (OH) 2 - from calcium sulfate -CaCO_ {4} - ", is determined by the crushing of the ore of calcium sulfate -CaCO4 -, with a particle size lower than fifty microns Calcium sulfate -CaCO4 - micronized, what we will introduce in a "reaction tank", at temperature and ambient pressure

En una torre de platos, disolveremos amoniaco -NH_{3}- en agua, hasta su saturación, para formar el ion -NH_{4}^{+}- en la disolución.In a tower of dishes, we will dissolve ammonia -NH_ {3} - in water, until saturation, to form the ion -NH 4 + - in the solution.

Dicha agua saturada de amoniaco -NH_{3}- la introduciremos en el deposito de reacción, con la finalidad de crear una emulsión dentro del mismo. La emulsión la realizamos mediante una agitación continua a tres mil vueltas por minuto, para favorecer la reacción química principal. El sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}- micronizado, en combinación con el agua con el amoniaco -NH_{3}- disuelto, producirá la siguiente reacción química:Said saturated ammonia water -NH3 - the we will introduce in the reaction tank, in order to create An emulsion inside it. We perform the emulsion through a continuous stirring at three thousand turns per minute, to favor The main chemical reaction. Calcium sulfate -CaCO_ {4} - micronized, in combination with water with ammonia -NH3 - dissolved, it will produce the following chemical reaction:

CaSO_{4} + NH_{4}^{+} ====> (NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4} + Ca(OH)_{2}CaSO_ {4} + NH_ {4} + <===> (NH_ {4}) 2 SO_ {4} + Ca (OH) 2

De manera que el sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}- se trasforma en sulfato amónico e hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}-.So the calcium sulfate -CaCO4 - is transformation into ammonium sulfate and calcium hydroxide -Ca (OH) 2 -.

El hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}-, que es insoluble, se recupera por decantación, del depósito de reacción. El sulfato de amonio -(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4}-, que es soluble, queda en la disolución. La disolución del sulfato amónico -(NH_{4})SO_{4}- se extrae del depósito y se somete a un tratamiento de cristalización por nebulización para conseguir la cristalización del sulfato amónico -(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4}-. Una vez cristalizado el sulfato amónico, a una temperatura de 338 grados centígrados, se descompone térmicamente, en ácido sulfúrico concentrado -H_{2}SO_{4}- y amoniaco -NH_{3}- en forma de gas. El amoniaco -NH_{3}-, que se recupera, se reutiliza de nuevo en la reacción principal.Calcium hydroxide -Ca (OH) 2 -, which is insoluble, is recovered by decantation, of the reaction tank. Ammonium sulfate - (NH 4) 2 SO 4 -, which is soluble, remains in the dissolution. The ammonium sulfate solution - (NH_ {4}) SO_ {4} - is removed from the tank and subjected to a mist crystallization treatment to achieve crystallization of ammonium sulfate - (NH 4) 2 SO 4 -. Once the sulfate crystallized ammonium, at a temperature of 338 degrees Celsius, decomposes thermally, in concentrated sulfuric acid -H 2 SO 4 - and ammonia -NH 3 - in the form of gas. Ammonia -NH 3 -, which is recover, reuse again in the main reaction.

Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention

"Sistema para la obtención de hidróxido cálcico Ca(OH)_{2} a partir del sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}-", que consiste, tal como hemos indicado anteriormente, en la introducción de sulfato cálcico micronizado -CaCO_{4}- en un depósito de reacción."System for obtaining hydroxide calcium Ca (OH) 2 from calcium sulfate -CaCO_ {4} - ", which consists, as we have indicated previously, in the introduction of micronized calcium sulfate -CaCO_ {4} - in a reaction tank.

Con independencia de lo anterior, introducimos en una torre de platos agua y amoniaco -NH_{3}- hasta su saturación, para que los iones resultantes en disolución sean iones amonio -NH_{4}^{+}-. Una vez disuelto el agua y el amoniaco -NH_{3}-, lo introduciremos en el depósito de reacción, donde ya habíamos introducido el sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}- micronizado.Regardless of the above, we introduce in a tower of water and ammonia dishes -NH_ {3} - until its saturation, so that the resulting ions in solution are ions ammonium -NH 4 + -. Once dissolved the water and the ammonia -NH_ {3} -, we will introduce it in the reaction tank, where already we had introduced the calcium sulfate -CaCO_ {4} - micronized

Mediante un agitador mecánico y a tres mil revoluciones por minuto crearemos una emulsión dentro del depósito, para que reaccionen el sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}- con el amoniaco -NH_{3}- en disolución. La reacción produce
-(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4}- sulfato de amonio, que se queda en la disolución e hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}- que decanta.
By means of a mechanical stirrer and at three thousand revolutions per minute we will create an emulsion inside the tank, so that the calcium sulfate -CaCO_ {4} - reacts with the ammonia -NH3 {- in solution. The reaction produces
- (NH 4) 2 SO 4 -ammonium sulfate, which remains in the solution and calcium hydroxide -Ca (OH) 2 - which decants.

Finalizada esta fase del proceso en el depósito de reacción, el hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}-, es recuperado por decantación y el sulfato de amonio -(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4}- lo someteremos a un tratamiento de cristalización por nebulización para alcanzar su estado sólido.After this phase of the process in the warehouse of reaction, calcium hydroxide -Ca (OH) 2 -, is recovered by decantation and ammonium sulfate - (NH 4) 2 SO 4 - we will undergo a treatment of nebulization crystallization to reach its solid state.

Posteriormente y a una temperatura de 338 grados centígrados, por descomposición térmica, obtendremos el ácido sulfúrico concentrado -H_{2}SO_{4}- y amoniaco en gas -NH_{3}-. El amoniaco -NH_{3}-, que se recupera, vuelve a ser introducida dentro de la torre de platos para su reutilización de una forma continuada.Subsequently and at a temperature of 338 degrees Celsius, by thermal decomposition, we will obtain the acid concentrated sulfuric acid -H 2 SO 4 - and gas ammonia -NH_ {3} -. The ammonia -NH 3 -, which is recovered, is again introduced into the dish tower for reuse of A continuous way.

Breve enunciado de la figuraBrief statement of the figure

En la Figura número 1, se representa de forma gráfica, el conjunto de elementos que conforman el "Sistema para la obtención de hidróxido cálcico a partir del sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}-" y donde (1) representa el deposito de reacción, donde se introduce el sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}- micronizado (2).In Figure number 1, it is represented graphic, the set of elements that make up the "System for obtaining calcium hydroxide from calcium sulfate -CaCO_ {4} - "and where (1) represents the reaction tank, where calcium sulfate -CaCO4 - micronized is introduced (2).

El (3) y como proceso independiente representa una torre de platos, donde introducimos agua y amoniaco -NH_{3}- (4) hasta su saturación, para que los iones resultantes en disolución sean NH_{4}-.The (3) and as an independent process represents a tower of dishes, where we introduce water and ammonia -NH_ {3} - (4) until saturation, so that the ions resulting in solution be NH4 -.

El resultado se introduce en el depósito de reacción (1), donde ya habíamos introducido el sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}- micronizado (2). Mediante un agitador mecánico y a tres mil revoluciones por minuto crearemos una emulsión dentro del deposito, para que reaccionen el sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}- con el ion amonio -NH_{4}^{+}- en disolución.The result is entered in the deposit of reaction (1), where we had already introduced calcium sulfate -CaCO4 - micronized (2). Through a mechanical stirrer and three thousand revolutions per minute we will create an emulsion within the deposit, so that the calcium sulfate -CaCO_ {4} react with the ammonium ion -NH 4 + - in solution.

La reacción que tiene lugar en el depósito de reacción, produce -(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4} - sulfato de amonio (6), que se queda en la disolución e hidróxido cálcico Ca(OH)_{2} que decanta y recupera (5).The reaction that takes place in the deposit of reaction, produces - (NH4) 2 SO4-sulfate ammonium (6), which remains in the solution and calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) 2 decanting and recovering (5).

El sulfato de amonio -(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4}- (6), que como hemos comentado teníamos en disolución, lo someteremos a un tratamiento de cristalización por nebulización (7) para alcanzar su estado sólido, donde posteriormente y por descomposición térmica, obtendremos el ácido sulfúrico -H_{2}SO_{4}- (8) y amoniaco -NH_{3}- en gas (4) que se recupera y vuelve a ser introducida dentro de la torre de platos para su reutilización de una forma continuada, concluyendo de esta forma el proceso de "Obtención de hidróxido cálcico a partir del sulfato cálcico".Ammonium sulfate - (NH 4) 2 SO 4 - (6), which as we have commented we had in solution, we will undergo a treatment of nebulization crystallization (7) to reach its solid state, where later and by thermal decomposition, we will obtain the sulfuric acid -H 2 SO 4 - (8) and ammonia -NH 3 - in gas (4) that is recovered and reintroduced into the tower of dishes for reuse on an ongoing basis, concluding this way the process of "Obtaining calcium hydroxide from of calcium sulfate. "

Descripción de la forma de realización de la invenciónDescription of the embodiment of the invention

A continuación se realiza una breve descripción de la invención para la "Obtención del hidróxido cálcico a partir del sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}-" donde podemos observar a través del esquema de la fig ura número 1 descrita, como, una vez micronizado el Sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}- (2), lo introducimos en un depósito de reacción (1), donde así mismo introduciremos el resultado de la saturación de agua y amoniaco -NH_{3}- (4) en una torre de platos (3) resultando de esa saturación, NH_{4}^{+}.A brief description follows. of the invention for "Obtaining calcium hydroxide from of calcium sulfate -CaCO_ {4} - "where we can observe through of the scheme of figure ura number 1 described, as, once Micronized the calcium sulfate -CaCO4 - (2), we introduce it in a reaction tank (1), where we will also introduce the water and ammonia saturation result -NH3 - (4) in one tower of dishes (3) resulting from that saturation, NH4 +.

En el deposito de reacción (1) y mediante un agitador mecánico y a tres mil revoluciones por minuto crearemos una emulsión que hará reaccionar el sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}- con el amoniaco -NH_{3}- en disolución La reacción que tiene lugar en el depósito de reacción, produce -(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4}- sulfato de amonio, que se queda en la disolución (6) y por otro lado tenemos el hidróxido cálcico Ca(OH)_{2} que decanta (5).In the reaction tank (1) and by means of a mechanical stirrer and at three thousand revolutions per minute we will create a emulsion that will react the calcium sulfate -CaCO4 - with the ammonia -NH3 - in solution The reaction that takes place in the reaction tank, produces - (NH 4) 2 SO 4 - ammonium sulfate, which stays in the solution (6) and on the other hand we have the calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) 2 that decants (5).

Finalizada esta fase del proceso en el depósito de reacción, habremos obtenido el hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}- que se recupera por decantación (5) y sulfato de amonio -(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4} (6). A fin de recuperar los reactivos utilizados, someteremos el sulfato de amonio -(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4}- a un tratamiento de cristalización por nebulización (7) para alcanzar su estado sólido, donde posteriormente y por descomposición térmica, obtendremos el ácido sulfúrico (H_{2}SO_{4}) (8) y amoniaco en gas -NH_{3}- (4) que se recupera y vuelve a ser introducida dentro de la torre de platos para su reutilización de una forma continuada.After this phase of the process in the warehouse reaction, we will have obtained calcium hydroxide -Ca (OH) 2 - which is recovered by decantation (5) and ammonium sulfate - (NH 4) 2 SO 4 (6). For the purpose of recover the reagents used, we will submit the ammonium sulfate - (NH 4) 2 SO 4 - to a crystallization treatment by nebulization (7) to reach its solid state, where subsequently and by thermal decomposition, we will obtain the acid sulfuric (H 2 SO 4) (8) and ammonia in gas -NH 3 - (4) which it recovers and is reintroduced into the dish tower for reuse in a continuous way.

Claims (2)

1. Obtención de hidróxido cálcico a partir del sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}-, que se caracteriza por la obtención de hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}- utilizando como materia prima el sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}-, mediante la disolución en agua de amoniaco -NH_{3}- y sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}-.1. Obtaining calcium hydroxide from calcium sulfate -CaCO4 -, which is characterized by obtaining calcium hydroxide -Ca (OH) 2 - using as a raw material calcium sulfate -CaCO4 - , by dissolving ammonia -NH 3 - and calcium sulfate -CaCO 4 - in water. CaCO_{4} + NH_{4}^{+} ====> (NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4} + Ca(OH)_{2}CaCO_ {4} + NH_ {4} + <===> (NH_ {4}) 2 SO_ {4} + Ca (OH) 2 Se crea una emulsión mediante agitación a 3.000 rpm, que en la reacción química subsiguiente, produce sulfato amónico (NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4} y hidróxido cálcico -Ca(OH)_{2}-.An emulsion is created by stirring at 3,000 rpm, which in the subsequent chemical reaction produces sulfate ammonium (NH 4) 2 SO 4 and calcium hydroxide -Ca (OH) 2 -. El hidróxido cálcico Ca(OH)_{2}- precipita y por decantación es recogido del depósito de reacción.Calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) 2 - precipitates and by decantation is collected from the deposit of reaction.
         \vskip1.000000\baselineskip\ vskip1.000000 \ baselineskip
      
2. Obtención del hidróxido cálcico a partir del sulfato cálcico -CaCO_{4}, de acuerdo con la reivindicación primera, el sulfato amónico que se ha quedado en la disolución, se cristaliza por nebulización. Posteriormente y por descomposición térmica, obtendremos el ácido sulfúrico (H_{2}SO_{4}) (8) y amoniaco en gas -NH_{3}- (4) que se recupera.2. Obtaining calcium hydroxide from calcium sulfate -CaCO4, according to claim first, the ammonium sulfate that has remained in the solution, is crystallizes by fogging. Subsequently and by decomposition thermal, we will obtain sulfuric acid (H2SO4) (8) and ammonia in gas -NH3 - (4) that is recovered.
ES200900317A 2009-01-30 2009-01-30 SYSTEM FOR OBTAINING CALCIUM HYDROXIDE FROM CALCICO SULPHATE. Expired - Fee Related ES2349380B1 (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2182078A (en) * 1936-09-28 1939-12-05 American Smelting Refining Production of ammonia from ammonium sulphate
US2740691A (en) * 1953-05-25 1956-04-03 Univ Oklahoma Res Inst Process for the recovery of lime and hydrogen sulfide from calcium sulfate
US2795486A (en) * 1952-08-14 1957-06-11 Shell Dev Preparation of ammonium sulfate
WO1996009248A1 (en) * 1994-09-22 1996-03-28 Super Paper Oy A method to prepare calcium carbonate
ES2247099T3 (en) * 2000-04-21 2006-03-01 Sarp Industries TREATMENT AND REVALUATION PROCEDURE OF EFFLUENTS CONTAINING METAL SULPHATES USING AN ADDITION STAGE OF AMMONIA.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2182078A (en) * 1936-09-28 1939-12-05 American Smelting Refining Production of ammonia from ammonium sulphate
US2795486A (en) * 1952-08-14 1957-06-11 Shell Dev Preparation of ammonium sulfate
US2740691A (en) * 1953-05-25 1956-04-03 Univ Oklahoma Res Inst Process for the recovery of lime and hydrogen sulfide from calcium sulfate
WO1996009248A1 (en) * 1994-09-22 1996-03-28 Super Paper Oy A method to prepare calcium carbonate
ES2247099T3 (en) * 2000-04-21 2006-03-01 Sarp Industries TREATMENT AND REVALUATION PROCEDURE OF EFFLUENTS CONTAINING METAL SULPHATES USING AN ADDITION STAGE OF AMMONIA.

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