ES2344050B1 - PILOTS WITH ASYMMETRIC ARMOR FOR LAND CONTAINMENT. - Google Patents

Abstract

Piles with asymmetric reinforcement for containment of lands that improve the structure of retaining walls, such so that the cost of the longitudinal reinforcement is reduced compared to the traditional solution, longitudinal reinforcement of equal diameter separated at a constant distance, achieving greater efficiency in global energy consumption.

Description

Piles with asymmetric reinforcement for containment of land.

State of the art

There are currently several construction procedures for land containment walls. One of them is the execution of a line of piles manufactured on site . The pile line divides the land into the part that is intended to be emptied and the part that is not desired to be emptied.

The piles contain two types of reinforcement, a transverse to the longitudinal axis of the pile, circular or helical and a longitudinal reinforcement housed inside the transverse reinforcement. The manufacturing and design methods of the longitudinal reinforcement bars for this type of piles use steel bars with constant diameter and are formed maintaining a constant separation between the bars. Due to this method during on-site execution, it is not necessary to be careful that the reinforcement should be placed in a certain way.

Object of the invention

The object of the present invention is that of improve the structure of retaining walls made by piles, so that the cost of the longitudinal reinforcement is reduced compared to the traditional solution, longitudinal reinforcement of equal diameter separated at a constant distance, achieving greater efficiency in global energy consumption.

Description of the figures

Figure 1.- Plan view of an area where going to execute a retaining wall in which you can distinguish the pile wall (1), the area to be emptied (2) and the area that is not altered (3).

Figure 2.- Cross section according to the line II-II of Figure 1. The figure shows the retaining wall (1), the area to be emptied (2) and the area that is not altered (3).

Figure 3.- Cross section according to the line II-II of Figure 1. The figure shows the retaining wall (1), the exposed face of the retaining wall (4), the outer surface of the emptied area (5) and the outer surface of the area that is not altered (6).

Figure 4.- View in 3 dimensions of the pile with your inner armor An external view is shown in the figure of the pile (7) and an interior view of the longitudinal reinforcement (8) and of the transverse reinforcement (9).

Figure 5.- Typical cross section of a pile (according to line III-III of Figure 3) as and as they are done today. The separation between the bars Longitudinal (8) is represented by (d) and is constant. (9) It represents the transverse reinforcement.

Figures 6.- Example of cross section of the frame object of this invention in which the distance (d1) between the longitudinal bars comprised in the area determined by a angle (α) on both sides of the axis of symmetry (0) is different at the distance (d2) between the rest of the bars. (8) represents a Longitudinal bar, (9) represents the transverse reinforcement.

Figure 7.- Example of cross section of frame object of this invention in which the distance (d3) between the longitudinal bars (10) included in the determined area by an angle (?) on both sides of the axis of symmetry (0) is other than the distance (d4) between the rest of the bars (8) and also the diameter of the bars (10) is different from the diameter of the bars (8). Both (8) and (10) represent longitudinal bars. (9) It represents the transverse reinforcement.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention relates to new frameworks for retaining walls. In figures 1, 2 and 3 shows the location of this type of walls (1) that are located between an area of the land that is intended to empty (2) and an area that must remain unchanged (3). After excavation (Figure 3), the land will have two different levels, the surface not excavated (6) and the final excavated surface (5).

In the present invention a framework is proposed specifically configured that manages to reduce the amount of steel needed to reinforce the concrete in the retaining walls of land made by piles. The new reinforcement has the peculiarity of being asymmetric well in bar diameters of steel used in the frame and / or in separations between longitudinal reinforcement bars.

Typically land containment walls composed of piles are armed internally by a longitudinal reinforcement (8) and another transverse (9) to the shaft of the pile (7) (Figure 4). The longitudinal reinforcement is composed of bars of equal diameter and separated between them a constant distance. There is talk of a constant armor distribution. Armor Transverse circular fences (9) or a fence are available helical, is arranged outside the longitudinal reinforcement, such that the longitudinal bars are housed within the transverse armor.

In the framework proposed in this invention the Longitudinal bars are also housed inside the transverse reinforcement, but a variable separation between said longitudinal bars and / or the use of bars with diameters different depending on the resistance they have to offer.

The frame, preferably constructed of steel or other material highly resistant to bending and corrosion, it comprises toroidal or helical elements in whose part inside are fixed, substantially perpendicular to the previous elements, a series of bars or elements cylindrical, positioned substantially parallel to each other, whose diameter and distance between them is variable, so that reduce the amount of material used in its construction maintaining or improving the resistance to thrust characteristics of the lands that the conventional frameworks possess.

To achieve this purpose, the separation between a set of bars at the same time reduces the separation between another set of bars and, optionally, increasing the diameter of the bars of this last set.

Specifically, given a point in the frame transversal, an axis of symmetry and a certain sector is determined by the angle (?) within which the bars are placed separated by a smaller distance and, optionally, in diameter higher.

To get the frame to develop its committed, its placement on the ground is done in a way that is always distinguishable the position of the busiest part (well in minor separation or smaller separation and thicker bars) and that of the less dense part. The placement can be done in multiple ways and can be determined by any expert in the matter, an example among many other possibilities may be the always make the less dense part of the axis of symmetry visible by a bar placed for it.

Embodiments of the invention

Realization Mode one

Longitudinal elements of equal diameter

A first embodiment (Figure 6) consists of placing a single type of element or longitudinal bar (8) inside the transverse reinforcement (9). In the invention There are two types of separation (d1) and (d2). The minor separation (d1) it is located in the area located at an angle (?) to both sides of the axis of symmetry (0).

In this case you can operate, among others, of the following form: determined the thrust of the lands (3) is chosen a type of longitudinal bar (8), the maximum separation is determined (d2) according to current regulations, the minimum separation is determined (d1) according to current regulations and finally calculate the angle (12) to resist the thrust of the lands.

Realization Mode 2

Longitudinal elements with different diameters

Another embodiment (Figure 7) consists of place two or more types of longitudinal elements or bars (8) and (10) inside the transverse reinforcement (9). The separation minor (d3) is located in the area at an angle (?) on both sides of the axis of symmetry (0).

In this case you can operate, among others, of the following form: determined the thrust of the lands (3) are chosen two types of bars, one thin (8) and one thicker (10), are determines the maximum separation (d4) according to current regulations, it determines the minimum separation (d3) according to current regulations and by The angle (?) is calculated to resist the thrust of the lands.

The diameters of the pile, as well as its arrangement will conform to the characteristics of the excavation.

A person skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the invention are not limited to the examples specific ones that have been illustrated in the figures and described in detail above.

This new system introduces the difficulty of that the pile armor must have a certain orientation and makes placement difficult compared to the traditional method. This problem is simple to solve. A simple way to to avoid it is to bend the tip of one of the bars lengths in workshop and also if you want you can paint a special color so that it can be seen at all times that the placement is correct. Once the frame is placed the bar Help can be cut.

Claims (2)

1. Armor for the construction of piles for land containment that includes toroidal elements or helical (9) in whose inner part are fixed, of substantially perpendicular to the previous elements, a series of bars or cylindrical elements (8), parallel to each other, which they have different diameters and maintain a non-constant separation between them so that the amount of material is reduced used in its construction, maintaining or improving Push resistance characteristics. 2. Pile for the containment of land that It comprises an armor according to the preceding claim.