ES2342616T3 - MAGNETIC SEPARATOR OF NON-FERRIC METAL DRIVING ELEMENTS AND SELECTIVE CLASSIFICATION INSTALLATION THAT INCLUDES SUCH SEPARATORS. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a magnetic separator (10) of non-ferrous metal conductive elements comprising a first field winding (18) integral with a vertically arranged axis of rotation (20). The rotation of the first field winding (18) in a substantially horizontal plane generates variation of a magnetic field created by the magnets of the first field winding (18). The magnetic separator (10) comprises a dielectric material sorting tray (26) extending parallel to the first field winding (18). The variation of the magnetic field generates the creation of induced currents in the elements passing on the sorting tray (26) and the gliding of the elements on the sorting tray (26) according to trajectories dependent on the interaction of the conductive elements with the induced currents circulating through them. Such a magnetic separator (10) can in particular be used in a selective sorting installation comprising a plurality of magnetic separators (10) arranged in rows and/or columns.

Description

Magnetic separator of conductive elements of non-ferrous metal and selective sorting facility that It comprises such separators.

Technical Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a magnetic separator for the classification of non-ferrous metal conductive elements which includes:

- at least a first disk-shaped inductor provided with a plurality of magnetic elements distributed by its periphery and intended to generate a magnetic field, and incorporating an axis of rotation arranged vertically,

- rotating means of the first inductor in a horizontal plane, which generate a variation of the field  magnetic in the air gap near the first inductor,

- a material sorting plate dielectric, which extends parallel to the first inductor and It includes guiding and unloading means corresponding to the trajectories of the elements to be separated, generating the variation of the magnetic field in the air gap some currents induced in the conductive elements and causing their sliding on the sorting plate, according to trajectories dependent on their interaction with these induced currents.

The invention also relates to a selective sorting facility comprising such magnetic separators

State of the art

In all known facilities of selective sorting a separator is used classically Foucault current type magnetic to separate products non-ferrous metallic conductors of inert type products cardboard, plastic, ceramic. A magnetic separator of this type It can also be used to separate products from low to high electric conductivity.

In Figure 1, a magnetic separator 10, of the type of Foucault current, incorporates as standard a tape of feed 11, by which elements 12 are conducted that are to be pull apart. The belt 11 is tensioned on at least two cylinders, a inlet cylinder (not shown) and an outlet cylinder 13, equipped with a rotating armature 14, which performs the function of a generator inductor of a magnetic field. The rotating armature 14 it is endowed on its periphery with a succession of permanent magnets 15 and rotates at high speed inside the non-metallic cylinder 13, for example in the clockwise direction according to arrow R1. The magnets  15 are arranged successively with alternating polarity. From this results in variations of the magnetic field above the belt 11, in the vicinity of the outlet cylinder 13.

When passing products 12 on tape 11, through above the outlet cylinder 13, the products 12 are subjected to the variations of the magnetic field, which implies a repulsion of products 12 due to the effect of eddy currents induced, when it comes to non-ferrous metals. This difference of behavior between different species of products 12 is take advantage to separate inert metals, not metallic, that fall naturally at the exit of the tape 11, of the metals not iron that, as a result of the repulsion, are projected well beyond the exit of the tape 11.

As shown in Figure 1, the products 12 inert fall between the F1 and F2 arrows at the exit of the belt 11, weakly conductive products 12 are projected, according to arrow F3, to a more remote area and products 12 strongly conductors are projected beyond a deflector 16, according to the arrow F4. Thus, the classification of products 12 is carried out according to a projection principle of products 12, depending on their differentiated trajectories depending on the characteristics intrinsic of products 12 and their interaction with induced currents that cross them.

The document EP-A-0579966 describes in particular an example of magnetic separator, intended to separate products non-ferrous metallic conductors, in a product flow any, according to the general classification principle previously described. The magnetic separator incorporates two induced parallel rotators, mounted on the same axis of rotation inside an outlet cylinder, which drives the advance of a conveyor belt, through which the products to be separated. As described above, the products are projected forward to the exit of the tape, due to the effect of the repulsion due to the magnetic field created among the rotating armatures. The trajectories of products are different according to the intrinsic characteristics of the products and their level of electrical conductivity.

However, such a magnetic separator 10 It is only effective if you print to the products to be separated A certain speed. It is difficult to determine exactly the product projection trajectories, since the strength resulting from the eddy currents, which will originate a change of trajectory, varies according to conductivity electrical material, its size, its shape, its density and of the level of magnetic induction to which it has been subjected. Do not there is a unique and precise trajectory for products with density, different form and mass.

For the rest, like the rotating armatures 14 they usually spin at high speed, it is necessary to use a zuncho 17 (figure 1) to fix the magnets 15 and counteract the forces centrifuges resulting from rotation. The older the rotation speed of the polar wheels 14, more impressive is the mechanics that counteracts centrifugal forces. Then the products to be treated are far from the poles magnetic and precision mechanics of separator 10 looks very requested.

Therefore, such a magnetic separator it is mechanically and magnetically complex and difficult to perform and of put into practice. The costs of production, realization and maintenance of such magnetic separator are relatively high.

On the other hand, document DE19737161 describes a magnetic separator by induced eddy currents, which it comprises an inductor with a vertical rotation axis and a plate of parallel classification to the inductor. The pieces to be separated they are oriented in the classification plate according to their trajectory induced by eddy currents. The sorting plate it has drawings on its upper surface and comprises a first end located towards the center of the inductor and a second end that extends radially outward from the inductor. However, such a separator configuration does not allow a optimal classification, and the effectiveness of such a dish, associated to the inductor, it is still smaller.

Object of the invention

The purpose of the invention is to correct the inconveniences indicated above and is intended to realization of a magnetic separator type of eddy currents that is reliable, easy to apply and that offers quality and optimal classification efficiency.

The object of the invention is also the realization of a selective sorting facility that comprises such magnetic separators and that allows to obtain significant gains in terms of productivity and classification efficiency.

These objects of the invention are achieved by the appended claims. The magnetic separator according the invention is characterized more particularly by the fact that the sorting plate is substantially circular in shape and incorporates an eccentric rotation axis with respect to the rotation axis of the first inductor, the sorting plate being in rotating assembly in the reverse direction in relation to the direction of rotation of the first inductor.

The classification facility according to invention is characterized more particularly by the fact that the magnetic separators are arranged according to a plurality of lines and / or columns.

Brief description of the drawings

Other advantages and features will result more evident from the following description of embodiments Particular of the invention, given by way of examples not limiting and represented in the accompanying drawings, in the that:

Figure 1 schematically represents a front view of a magnetic separator, according to the technique previous.

Figure 2 represents a perspective view of a particular embodiment of a magnetic separator.

Figure 3 is a partial sectional view from above the magnetic separator according to figure 2.

Figures 4 and 5 represent in perspective, in view from above and view from below respectively, another realization of a magnetic separator.

Figure 6 schematically represents a alternative embodiment of a magnetic separator according to the figures 4 and 5.

Figure 7 schematically represents another realization of a magnetic separator.

Figures 8 and 9 represent respectively a view from above and a view from the front of a particular embodiment of a magnetic separator according to the invention.

Figure 10 schematically represents a selective sorting facility according to the invention.

Description of particular embodiments

In Figures 2 and 3, the magnetic separator 10, Foucault current type, incorporates a first inductor 18 in the form of a disk provided with a plurality of elements magnetic, preferably permanent magnets 19, distributed by the periphery of its upper face (figure 3). The first inductor 18 incorporates an even number of magnets 19, arranged with a alternating polarity on the periphery of the disk. The first inductor 18 is integral with a central rotation axis 20 (figure 2), which emerges on both sides of the disk and intended to be rotatably actuated to make the magnetic field vary created by magnets 19 of the first inductor 18.

In Figure 2, the axis of rotation 20 of the first inductor 18 is vertically in swivel mount, by example on a support frame 21, which has a base 22 and a form 23, between which the rotation axis 20 of the first inductor 18. Accommodated on base 22 of frame 21 is find a drive motor 24, which comprises an axis of rotation (not shown) attached to the axis of rotation 20 of the first inductor 18, for example, by means of a transmission belt 25 (figure 5). The rotary drive of the shaft 20 integral with the first inductor 18, clockwise and / or counterclockwise, causes thus the variation of the magnetic field created by the plurality of magnets 19, in the air gap above the face top of the first inductor 18. This results in currents induced in the elements to be separated that pass through above the first inductor 18.

The magnetic separator 10 incorporates a plate of classification 26, preferably of dielectric material, which is extends parallel to the first inductor 18 above it, in order to coat the first inductor 18 (figure 3). The magnets 19 are arranged on the open upper face of the first inductor 18, to be located as close as possible to the plate of classification 26 and create an intense magnetic field at the height of sorting plate assembly 26.

Sorting plate 26 is very good solidarity with the support frame 21, or with another different frame (not shown), to be completely independent of the rotation of the first inductor 18. The first inductor 18 and the plate of classification 26 are accommodated on the support frame 21, so that the first inductor 18 and the sorting plate 26 are keep parallel to the substantially horizontal rotation plane of the first inductor 18 (figure 3). Sorting plate 26 and first inductor 18 are then arranged horizontally and attached to the exit, for example of a driving belt of conductive elements of non-ferrous metal, intended to be separated from a flow of inert and / or ferromagnetic elements.

In figures 2 and 3, the sorting plate 26 incorporates an input slot 27 made in the thickness of the sorting plate 26, whereby the elements that arrive They will separate. The input slot 27 leads to a track of slip 28, made in the thickness of the sorting plate 26 and that delimits, for example, four output slots 28a, 28b, 28c, 28d, also made in the plate thickness of classification 26. Output slots 28a to 28d are linked, by for example, to differentiated recovery cuvettes, via ducts (not shown).

As an example, the sorting plate 26 is substantially rectangular in shape. The first slot of exit 28a is made on a side edge of the plate classification 26 (figure 3) and corresponds to the discharge of inert elements. The second output slot 28b is made in the other side edge and corresponds to the discharge of the elements Ferromagnetic The third output slot 28c is made in the edge of the sorting plate 26 opposite the edge of the groove input 27 and corresponds to the discharge of inert elements that have been accidentally dragged by the elements non-ferrous drivers The fourth output slot 28d is made on the same edge as the third exit slot 28c and corresponds to the output of the conductive elements not ironic

The first inductor 18 is operated rotatably, for example clockwise according to arrow R2 (figure 3), before the arrival of the elements that are going to pull apart. The rotation of the magnets 19 causes the variation of the magnetic field above inductor 18, in the plate classification 26. Then the elements are subjected to the induced currents (Foucault currents), upon reaching the track of slide 28 of the sorting plate 26. The elements completely inert do not receive the influence of currents induced that pass through them and are directed directly towards the first exit slot 28a, after having hit a edge of a central python 29a of the classification plate 26. The items recovered in this way are downloaded below according to arrow S1.

Other metal elements crossed by induced currents, occasionally accompanied by some ferromagnetic elements that have not been previously downloaded, they are forced to follow the path of the sliding track 28. The ferromagnetic elements are positioned at the height of the magnets 19 at the time of sliding down the track slip 28 and stumble on a bay wall 29b of the dish of classification 26, which delimits the output slot 28b. So Ferromagnetic elements are discharged according to arrow S2 a through the exit slot 28b.

The metal elements continue to slide along the slide track 28 and the inert elements that accidentally they are still in the flow of elements conductors leave through exit slot 28c and are unloaded according to arrow S3. Finally, the conductive elements, separated of all other ferromagnetic and / or inert elements, end their sliding down the sliding track 28 and enter contact with the opposite edge of the central python 29a. Then are downloaded according to arrow S4 through the last slot of exit 28d.

In the previous example, the magnetic separator 10 is applied in the separation of the conductive elements not ferrous of ferromagnetic or inert elements. I also know you can apply magnetic separator 10 in the separation of weakly or strongly conductive elements, in particular using the air gap between the first inductor 18 and the plate of classification 26 or the magnetic frequency of the magnets 19. The operation of magnetic separator 10 is identical to operation described above and the elements that have the highest level of electrical conductivity are discharged by the last output slot 28d.

Thus, the operation of the magnetic separator 10 requests the force resulting from eddy currents only in sliding, thanks to the rotation of the first inductor 18 in a horizontal plane parallel to the advance of the elements and the sliding of the elements through the plate of classification 26. Sliding track 28 corresponds substantially with the position of the magnets 19 at the time of rotation of the first inductor 18 (figure 3). The trajectory of the elements on the slide track 28 and the discharge of the elements according to the different output slots 28a to 28d depend of the interaction of the elements with said induced currents. Direct contact of the elements to be separated with the Magnetic field optimizes the efficiency of classification.

In the embodiment of figures 4 and 5, the magnetic separator 10 incorporates a second inductor 30, arranged parallel to the sorting plate 26 and the first inductor 18. The second inductor 30, preferably arranged under the form 23 of the support frame 21, is integral with the axis of rotation 20 of the first inductor 18. The distance of the air gap between the second inductor 30 and sorting plate 26 is preferably identical to the distance of the air gap between the sorting plate 26 and the first inductor 18. The plate classification 26 is arranged substantially in the center of the magnetic separator 10, between the first 18 and second inductors 30, in order to optimize the volume of passage for the elements that They are going to separate. The second inductor 30 is identical to the first inductor 18 and is arranged symmetrically in relation to the plate of classification 26, so that its magnetized surface is arranged just above the classification plate 26, facing the magnetized surface of the first inductor 18.

By way of example, magnetic separator 10 incorporates air gap adjustment means between the first inductor 18 and the second inductor 30. The adjustment means may incorporate, for example, a set of spacers that are positioned between the inductors 18 and 30 and the sorting plate 26. Such means of adjustment allow to adjust and regulate the value of the magnetic field at height of sorting plate 26, in order to optimize the classification of the elements, in particular in the case of classification of elements of great granulometry or in the case of a classification by level of electrical conductivity.

In the case of a magnetic separator 10 provided of two inductors 18 and 30, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the magnetic separator 10 advantageously incorporates a system of angular displacement (not shown), which allows modifying and adjust the angular position of the magnets 19 of the second inductor 30 in relation to the magnets 19 of the first inductor 18, according to three characteristic positions.

The first position is to arrange facing the magnets 19 of the same polarity, namely a pole north N of the first inductor 18 facing a north pole N of the second inductor 30. The second position is to arrange facing the magnets 19 of opposite polarities, namely a pole south S of the first inductor 18 facing a north pole N of the second inductor 30. The third position is to arrange the magnets 19 of the first inductor 18 facing the intervals between the magnets 19 of the second inductor 30. A displacement system angular of this type allows to obtain in particular values of induction and orientations of different magnetic field lines, depending on the elements to be separated and the applications, for optimal classification efficiency.

In the embodiment of Figure 6, it is shown schematically the magnetic separator 10 with the plate classification 26 between the first inductor 18 and the second inductor 30. The axis of rotation 20 of the first 18 and second 30 inductors emerges from inductors 18 and 30 and constitutes the reference axis of magnetic separator 10. Magnetic separator 10 incorporates adjustment means of an inclination angle X of the rotation axis 20 with respect to the vertical.

By way of example, magnetic separator 10 incorporates a pivot system attached to the axis of rotation 20 or the support frame 21, in order to tilt the separator magnetic 10 an angle X, for example between 0 ° and 20 °. Whatever the adjustment means used, the separator magnetic 10 inclined in this way allows to regulate the flow of elements that are going to separate and optimize the slide along the sorting plate 26 of the elements to be separated, in particular depending on the particle size, the percentage of moisture and fluidity of the elements.

In Figure 6, the magnetic separator 10 can also incorporate a vibratory system 31, for example type oscillating spring, preferably attached to another support frame 32, other than the support frame 21 of the inductors first 18 and second 30. The vibratory system 31 is only attached to the plate of classification 26, so that the rotation of inductors 18 and 30 don't be disturbed by the vibrations of the sorting plate 26. The vibratory system 31 makes it possible in particular to facilitate sliding of the elements through the sorting plate 26 and can be used regardless of the number of inductors and with independence of the inclination angle of the magnetic separator 10 Regarding the vertical.

In the embodiment of Figure 7, the separator magnetic 10 incorporates a plurality of supplementary inductors 33, arranged in the air gap of the two inductors 18 and 30. Each supplementary inductor 33 is in the form of a disk, provided with magnets 19 distributed along the periphery of their upper faces and lower. All supplementary inductors 33 are integral with the same axis of rotation 20 as inductors 18 and 30. In each interval of two successive inductors 18, 30, 33 is arranged a sorting plate 26 (not shown in figure 7 by reasons of clarity). In this way, the magnetic separator 10 incorporates a sorting plate 26 between the first inductor 18 and the supplementary inductor 33 arranged just above, a plate of classification 26 between each supplementary inductor 33 and a plate of classification 26 between the second inductor 30 and the inductor Supplementary 33 arranged just below. On the other hand, with each classification plate 26 a vibrating system can be associated 31.

A magnetic separator of this type 10, with a plurality of supplementary inductors 33, offers considerable gain in terms of space, particularly for that matter in which separator 10 is installed in a confined place. The sorting plates 26 are superimposed, which means that a single magnetic separator 10 can separate different types of elements, each classification plate 26 corresponding to Each type of elements. Consequence of this is also a considerable gain in terms of manufacturing cost, since a single supplementary inductor 33 cooperates with two plates of classification 26, thanks to its upper and lower faces magnetized

In the particular embodiment represented in the Figures 8 and 9, the magnetic separator 10 according to the invention is difference from the previous embodiments by the shape of the plate classification 26 and by its operation. The first inductor 18 incorporates two rows of magnets 19, arranged on its periphery. He rotation shaft 20 goes in swivel mount on the frame of support 21 by means of, for example, a drive motor (not shown) attached directly to the axis of rotation 20 (figure 9). Sorting plate 26, with a substantially circular shape (Figure 8), is arranged parallel to the first inductor 18, in the area subject to the magnetic field variations generated by the rotation of the first inductor 18. In figure 8, the track of sliding 28 constitutes substantially the periphery of the plate classification 26 and delimits the central python 29a, also shaped noticeably circular (figure 8).

In Figure 9, the axis of rotation A1 of the plate of classification 26 is eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation 20 of the first inductor 18 (figure 9), so that the surface magnetized from the first inductor 18 is arranged, in all moment, facing only part of the track of sliding 28 of the sorting plate 26.

Sorting plate 26 is in assembly rotating, for example, on a horizontal surface of the support frame 21 by means of sliding elements 34. Sorting plate 26 rotates according to arrow R3 (figure 8), in reverse direction to the direction of rotation R2 of the first inductor 18 (figure 8). As an example, sorting plate 26 receives the drive of a second drive motor 35, preferably adjustable speed, integral with the support frame 21 and which incorporates a cogwheel 36 at the free end of its axis of rotation. The cogwheel 36 cooperates with a circular crown 37, which emerges from classification plate 26 and forms the basis of sorting plate 26 (figure 9).

It will be described in more detail the operation of sorting plate 26 in relation to Figures 8 and 9. The first inductor 18 rotates according to the arrow R2, in the counterclockwise, and sorting plate 26 rotates according to the arrow R3, clockwise. The elements to be separated they arrive by a feeding conduit 38, whose end extends above the slide track 28 of the plate classification 26, in the area of the magnets 19 of the first inductor 18 (figures 8 and 9). The feeding conduit 38 can go in vibratory assembly, for example by means of a system of oscillating spring 39 (figure 9), to promote separation of the elements and the advance of the elements through the conduit of feeding 38.

The elements to be separated fall to the plate of classification 26 and are subject to field variations magnetic caused by the rotation of the first inductor 18. Then the conductive elements of non-ferrous metal are crossed by Foucault currents and dragged in the direction of rotation of the first inductor 18. Then slide along the slide track 28 of the classification plate 26, depending on its interaction with the induced currents, in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the sorting plate 26. They are then ejected to the outside of magnetic separator 10, to a first zone of reception, after having hit a barrier 40, which it serves as a means of guiding and downloading the conductive elements. The conductive elements are then recovered in a bucket arranged just under the barrier 40 and the support frame 21 of the magnetic separator 10.

Other material elements ferromagnetic and / or inert, not influenced by the currents of Foucault, they don't slip up to the 26th grader and are driven by sorting plate 26 according to the direction of R3 rotation of sorting plate 26. Then the items are downloaded from sorting plate 26 by mediation, for example, of a scraper 41, actuated by a compressed air device that extends across the entire width of the slide track 28. The scraper 41 is intended to eject the elements of the slide track 28 to a second zone of reception arranged substantially under scraper 41 and frame twenty-one.

Scraper 41 can be replaced by a brush rotary 42, or can be used in conjunction with the brush rotary 42, arranged in the area of sorting plate 26 no influenced by the magnetic field of the first inductor 18 (figure 8). Preferably, the brush 42 has a diameter that covers all the width of the slide track 28 and rotates therein direction of rotation than sorting plate 26 (figure 9).

In alternative embodiments not shown, the magnetic separator 10, according to figures 8 and 9, can incorporate air gap adjustment means between the plate classification 26 and the first inductor 18, inclination means of the first inductor 18 and of the sorting plate 26 with respect to the vertical and a vibration system attached to the sorting plate 26.

On the other hand, a station of cleaning after scraper 41 and / or rotary brush 42, with in order to perfectly clean the sorting plate 26 and optimize the sliding of the elements along the track sliding 28. The magnetic separator 10 according to figures 8 and 9 it can also incorporate a second inductor 30 and a plurality of supplementary inductors 33, as described in Figures 4 to 7, all of them coaxial to the first inductor 18 and displaced with relation to axis A1 of the classification plate (s) 26.

The magnetic separator 10 according to figures 8 and 9 is specially intended for the treatment of elements compact, namely, of pasty consistency and comprising particular elements of ferromagnetic materials. The fall of the elements to sorting plate 26 allows the elements non-ferrous conductors free themselves from the compact mass of others non-conductive elements The particular configuration of the separator magnetic 10, with the classification plate 26 eccentric with respect of the first inductor 18, allows to concentrate the variations of the magnetic field at the height of the drop point of the elements that they will be separated in sorting plate 26 (figures 8 and 9), for optimal classification efficiency.

In figure 10, it is represented schematic and partial a selective sorting facility 43.  This incorporates, for example, a plurality of separators magnetic 10 arranged in lines and a plurality of separators 10 magnetic arranged in columns. 10 magnetic separators arranged in lines are intended in particular to increase the Productivity of installation 43 and classification rates of the elements, since installation 43 allows to separate simultaneously different types of elements, with a separator 10 magnetic for each type of elements. Magnetic separators 10 arranged in columns are intended in particular to effect a tuning of the classification of the elements. To that end, installation 43 may incorporate means of transport and linkage 44 between the different magnetic separators 10 arranged in columns

As an example, the first separator magnetic 10 of the first column of installation 43 has allowed  separate the conductive elements from the inert elements or Ferromagnetic These items are downloaded through the slot exit 28d and are transported by means of link 44 towards the feed conduit 38 of the second magnetic separator 10 from the first column. The latter is precisely configured  in order to separate the elements based on their level of electric conductivity. The elements that come out through slot 28d of the second magnetic separator 10 of the first column have with this a higher level of electrical conductivity with respect to conductive elements of the magnetic separator 10 that precedes it, and so on throughout the first column.

The magnetic separators 10 used in a selective sorting facility 43 of this type can be those represented in figures 8 and 9 and may be inductor single 18, double inductor 18 and 30 or multiple inductors 18, 30 and 33. Each line and each column of installation 43 can incorporate the same type of magnetic separator 10 or a mixture or an alternation of magnetic separators 10 according to the different previously described embodiments (figures 2 to 9).

Such magnetic separator 10 according to the different embodiments described above presents in particular the following advantages. Centrifugal forces caused by rotation of the inductors 18, 30, 33 are perpendicular to the axis of magnetization of magnets 19. The mechanics necessary to sustain the magnets 19 does not occupy the magnetic zone used for the sliding of the elements through the sorting plate 26.

Sorting plate 26 can be found arranged as close as possible to the magnetic source, thanks to air gap adjustment means, and field lines Magnetic are adjustable, thanks to the means of adjusting the angular position Sorting plate 26 is independent of the inductors 18, 30, 33 and easily removable, without touching the inductors 18, 30, 33. The mechanical assembly of the magnetic separator 10 is very simple, there are no coaxial organs that have to turn at different speeds and there is no tension mechanics.

On the other hand, the particular conformation of sorting plate 26 and substantially horizontal orientation of the sorting plate 26 allow a separation of the elements according to a sliding principle, which offers a Unmatched classification quality. The choice of a horizontal positioning for inductors 18, 30, 33 and the choice of a vibrating sorting plate 26 allows to reduce almost completely slip resistance of the elements conductors subjected to eddy currents.

The invention is not limited to the different previously described embodiments. The magnetic separator 10 can incorporate any oscillating system 31 that can drive the vibration of the sorting plate 26, for example a system pneumatic or electromagnetic, and any adjustment system that allow to tilt the magnetic separator 10 with respect to the vertical.

On the other hand, you can replace the engine drive 24 by any other rotary drive system of the axis 20 of the inductors 18, 30, 33 and the belt 25 by any other means of transmission of a movement of rotation Drive motor 24 can be attached directly to the axis of rotation 20 of the inductors 18, 30, 33, in Role of the applications pursued.

Whatever the realization of the separator magnetic 10 and whatever its number of inductors 18, 30, 33, these can incorporate several rows of magnets 19. The size of the magnets 19 as well as the speed of rotation of the inductors 18, 30, 33 are not limited. The air gap between the different inductors 18, 30, 33 and sorting plates 26 varies in function of the elements to be separated and the applications persecuted Permanent magnets 19 of inductors 18, 30, 33 can be replaced by electromagnetic coils connected with feeding rings Sorting plate 26 can incorporate an interchangeable wear lining.

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References cited in the description

This list of references cited by the applicant has no other purpose than to help the reader and It is not part of the European Patent document. In spite of the great attention dedicated to its preparation, the presence of errors or omissions, in which case the EPO declines all responsibility.

Patent documents cited in the description

EP 0579966 A [0007]

DE 19737161 [0011]

Claims (11)

1. Magnetic separator (10) for classification of non-ferrous metal conductive elements that understands: - at least one first inductor (18), in the form of disk provided with a plurality of magnetic elements (19) distributed by its periphery and destined to generate a field magnetic, and incorporating an axis of rotation (20) arranged vertically, - rotating means of the first inductor (18) in a horizontal plane, which generate a variation of the magnetic field in the air gap in the vicinity of the first inductor (18), - a sorting plate (26) made of dielectric material, which extends parallel to the first inductor (18) and comprises guiding and discharge means corresponding to the trajectories of the elements that are going to separate, generating the variation of the magnetic field in the air gap induced currents in the conductive elements and causing it to slide on the sorting plate (26), according to trajectories dependent on their interaction with said induced currents, magnetic separator characterized in that the classification plate (26) is substantially circular in shape and incorporates an eccentric rotation axis (A1) with respect to the rotation axis (20) of the first inductor (18), the classification plate (26) being in Rotating assembly in the reverse direction in relation to the direction of rotation of the first inductor (18). 2. Magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that said guiding and unloading means of the sorting plate (26) incorporate a feeding duct (38), through which the elements to be separated arrive, a discharge barrier (40) from which the conductive elements and attached discharge devices (41, 42) of the ferromagnetic and / or inert elements extending along the width of the sliding track (28) are ejected. 3. Magnetic separator according to claim 2, characterized in that said attached devices incorporate a pneumatically operated scraper (41) and / or a rotary brush (42). 4. Magnetic separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sorting plate (26) is in vibratory assembly (31) relative to the first inductor (18). 5. Magnetic separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it incorporates means for adjusting an inclination angle (X) of the first inductor (18) and of the sorting plate (26) with respect to the vertical. 6. Magnetic separator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it incorporates means for adjusting the air gap between the first inductor (18) and the sorting plate (26). 7. Magnetic separator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the axis of rotation (20) of the first inductor (18) is mounted on a support frame (21), on which a drive motor is accommodated (24) and a transmission belt (25), which joins an axis of rotation of the motor (24) to the axis of rotation (20) of the first inductor (18). 8. Magnetic separator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it incorporates a second inductor (30), identical to the first inductor (18) and arranged symmetrically in relation to the sorting plate (26), the magnetic elements facing each other ( 19) of the first (18) and second (30) inductors and the second inductor (30) being integral with the axis of rotation (20) of the first inductor (18). 9. Magnetic separator according to claim 8, characterized in that it incorporates means for adjusting the angular position of the magnetic elements (19) of the first inductor (18) in relation to the magnetic elements (19) of the second inductor (30). 10. Magnetic separator according to one of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that it incorporates at least one supplementary inductor (33), in the form of a disk, provided with magnetic elements (19) by the periphery of its upper and lower faces and disposed between the first inductor (18) and the second inductor (30), each supplementary inductor (33) being integral with the axis of rotation (20) of the first (18) and second (30) inductors, a sorting plate (26) being arranged ) in each interval of two successive inductors (18, 30, 33). 11. Selective sorting installation (43) comprising at least two magnetic separators (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the magnetic separators (10) are arranged according to a plurality of lines and / or columns.