ES2338964A1 - Method and apparatus to separate and remove different products from fruit pastes containing oil and similar (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Method and apparatus to separate and remove different products from fruit pastes containing oil and similar (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
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- ES2338964A1 ES2338964A1 ES200800484A ES200800484A ES2338964A1 ES 2338964 A1 ES2338964 A1 ES 2338964A1 ES 200800484 A ES200800484 A ES 200800484A ES 200800484 A ES200800484 A ES 200800484A ES 2338964 A1 ES2338964 A1 ES 2338964A1
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- liquid component
- solid residue
- extraction
- decanter
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000207836 Olea <angiosperm> Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010065687 Bone loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
- B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
- B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
- B04B2001/2041—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl with baffles, plates, vanes or discs attached to the conveying screw
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
- B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
- B04B2001/2083—Configuration of liquid outlets
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Jellies, Jams, And Syrups (AREA)
- Telephone Function (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Método y aparato para separar y extraer diferentes productos a partir de pastas de frutas que contienen aceite y similares.Method and apparatus for separating and extracting different products from fruit pastes that contain oil and the like
La presente invención se refiere a un método y a un aparato para separar y extraer un componente líquido más ligero, un componente líquido más pesado y un residuo sólido a partir de pastas de frutas oleaginosas tales como las aceitunas y similares, por medio de los cuales es posible obtener un líquido de alta calidad, una pulpa libre de lignina que se puede usar como pienso y un sólido que consiste en el producto de huesos de fruta que se puede usar como combustible, dando como resultado global un ahorro de energía y un beneficio en términos ecológicos ya que no hay producción de materia de deshecho a la que haya que eliminar.The present invention relates to a method and to an apparatus for separating and extracting a lighter liquid component, a heavier liquid component and a solid residue from oleaginous fruit pastes such as olives and the like, by means of which it is possible to obtain a high liquid quality, a lignin-free pulp that can be used as feed and a solid that consists of the product of fruit bones that can use as fuel, resulting in overall savings of energy and a benefit in ecological terms since there is no production of waste material to be eliminated.
Es conocido, en el sector técnico relacionado con la extracción de aceite de frutas oleaginosas tales como aceitunas y similares, que al final del proceso de extracción, se consigue la separación de los principales componentes de la fruta, consistiendo estos componentes en: un componente líquido de alta calidad (aceite), un componente líquido a ser descartado (agua) y un residuo sólido que está más o menos húmedo dependiendo del método específico de extracción aplicado.It is known, in the related technical sector with oil extraction from oilseeds such as olives and the like, which at the end of the extraction process, were get the separation of the main components of the fruit, these components consisting of: a high liquid component quality (oil), a liquid component to be discarded (water) and a solid residue that is more or less wet depending on the method specific extraction applied.
En mayor detalle, los métodos de extracción se basan en el uso de máquinas asociadas, llamadas separadores centrífugos/extractores o decantadores, que comprenden esencialmente un tornillo de alimentación, situado dentro de un tambor rotatorio y a su vez rotatorio en relación a éste, realizando dichas máquinas, dentro del tambor, la separación y estratificación de los diferentes componentes del producto que tienen un peso específico variable.In greater detail, the extraction methods are based on the use of associated machines, called separators centrifuges / extractors or decanters, which essentially comprise a feed screw, located inside a rotating drum and in turn rotational in relation to it, performing said machines, inside the drum, the separation and stratification of the different Product components that have a specific variable weight.
Es conocido también que en el caso particular del procesado de las aceitunas, el producto a ser separado es alimentado normalmente a la máquina en la forma de una pasta triturada que puede ser diluida con agua y que, durante la centrifugación, está dispuesta radialmente, aumentando una capa de separación intermedia sólido/aceite que favorece una mejor separación del componente oleoso desde el componente sólido.It is also known that in the particular case of the processing of the olives, the product to be separated is normally fed to the machine in the form of a paste crushed that can be diluted with water and that, during centrifugation, is arranged radially, increasing a layer of solid / oil intermediate separation that favors better separation of the oil component from the solid component.
Dichos extractores centrífugos (conocidos como "decantadores") están diseñados en dos formas principales de construcción que, en el sector, son denominadas respectivamente "de tres fases" y "de dos fases", dependiendo de si tienen tres o dos salidas separadas para los tres componentes a ser extraídos.Such centrifugal extractors (known as "decanters") are designed in two main forms of construction that, in the sector, are called respectively "three-phase" and "two-phase", depending on whether they have three or two separate outputs for the three components to be extracted.
En mayor detalle, el residuo sólido mencionado (llamado orujo), que contiene una cantidad residual de aceite no extraído, durante el primer proceso, está esencialmente compuesto de:In greater detail, the solid residue mentioned (called pomace), which contains a residual amount of oil not extracted, during the first process, is essentially composed from:
- --
- pulpa de frutapulp of fruit
- --
- huesos de fruta triturados (o "producto de huesos de fruta"), ybones crushed fruit (or "fruit bone product"), Y
- --
- agua vegetalWater vegetable
y forma la materia prima para procesos de extracción posteriores realizados en los llamados molinos de orujo y que intentan separar los diferentes componentes del orujo con el fin de conseguir:and forms the raw material for processes of subsequent extraction made in the so-called orujo mills and that try to separate the different components of the pomace in order to get:
- --
- la recuperación del aceite remanente dentro del residuo sólido al final del primer proceso;the recovery of the remaining oil inside the solid residue at the end of the first process;
- --
- la recuperación de la pulpa que, por sí misma y/o mezclada con otros componentes sólidos, se usa como pienso;the pulp recovery that, by itself and / or mixed with others solid components, it is used as feed;
- --
- la recuperación del producto de huesos de fruta que se puede usar como combustible.the recovery of fruit bone product that can be used as fuel.
Sin embargo, los métodos convencionales empleados en los molinos de aceite primarios, dan como resultado una separación que generalmente produce:However, conventional methods used in primary oil mills, result in a separation that generally produces:
- --
- un residuo sólido con un alto contenido de humedad y gran cantidad de sales que representan la principal causa de mal funcionamiento tanto en las plantas de secado que se pueden usar durante las etapas subsiguientes del proceso como en las calderas que usan dicho residuo como un combustible sólido reciclado;a solid residue with a high moisture content and large amount of salts that represent the main cause of malfunction both in drying plants that can be used during the stages subsequent process as in the boilers that use said residue as a recycled solid fuel;
- --
- un residuo líquido acuoso (agua vegetal) con un alto contenido en sólido, que evita la eliminación del mismo en el sistema de alcantarillado.a aqueous liquid residue (vegetable water) with a high content of solid, which avoids its elimination in the system sewerage.
En adición, ocurre también que los métodos conocidos para tratar el orujo ya no son rentables, con el resultado de que el orujo constituye un problema para los molinos de aceite que no son ya capaces de deshacerse del mismo de una manera ventajosa; lo mismo es aplicable al agua vegetal.In addition, it also happens that the methods known to treat pomace are no longer profitable, with the result that pomace is a problem for oil mills that are no longer able to get rid of it in a way advantageous; The same applies to vegetable water.
El problema técnico que se plantea, por tanto, es proporcionar un método para extraer aceite de frutas oleaginosas y similares, por medio del cual sea posible obtener un aceite y líquido de alta calidad y un residuo sólido de la extracción de tal tipo que pueda ser destinado directamente a un uso posterior sin necesidad de un proceso intermedio adicional.The technical problem that arises, therefore, is to provide a method to extract oil from oilseeds and the like, by means of which it is possible to obtain an oil and high quality liquid and a solid residue from the extraction of such type that can be used directly for later use without need for an additional intermediate process.
En conexión con este problema se requiere también que este método permita un ahorro sustancial de energía, reduciendo el número de operaciones de tratamiento y el correspondiente uso de maquinaria en comparación con la técnica conocida.In connection with this problem it is required also that this method allows substantial energy savings, reducing the number of treatment operations and the corresponding use of machinery compared to the technique known.
Estos problemas técnicos se resuelven según la presente invención por un método de acuerdo con las funciones características de la reivindicación 1.These technical problems are resolved according to the present invention by a method according to the functions characteristics of claim 1.
La presente invención se refiere además a un aparato de acuerdo con las funciones características de la reivindicación 18 y que se destina a implementar dicho método.The present invention further relates to a apparatus according to the characteristic functions of the claim 18 and which is intended to implement said method.
Se pueden obtener detalles adicionales de la siguiente descripción de un ejemplo no limitante de realización de la invención proporcionado con referencia a los dibujos adjuntos en los que:Additional details of the following description of a non-limiting example of realization of the invention provided with reference to the accompanying drawings in those who:
- la Figura 1 es un diagrama funcional de un modo de implementar el método según la presente invención;- Figure 1 is a functional diagram of a how to implement the method according to the present invention;
- la Figura 2 es una sección axial lado a lado de un ejemplo de realización del decantador para implementar el método según la presente invención con el componente líquido más ligero fluyendo en dirección opuesta a la materia sólida;- Figure 2 is an axial section side by side of an embodiment example of the decanter to implement the method according to the present invention with the liquid component plus light flowing in the opposite direction to solid matter;
- la Figura 3 es una sección transversal esquemática y parcial a lo largo de un plano axial de la parte para la extracción del componente líquido más ligero desde el decantador según la Fig. 2;- Figure 3 is a cross section schematic and partial along an axial plane of the part for the removal of the lightest liquid component from the decanter according to Fig. 2;
- la Figura 4 es una vista lateral de una realización preferida del tornillo alimentador del decantador según la invención.- Figure 4 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of the decanter feed screw according to the invention.
\vskip1.000000\baselineskip\ vskip1.000000 \ baselineskip
Como se muestra en la Figura 1, la pasta P1 que
contiene aceite, obtenida del tratamiento previo
continuo/discon-
tinuo de las aceitunas, se alimenta en forma
de una pasta moldeable a un decantador D1 del tipo de tres fases,
concretamente con tres salidas diferentes para los distintos
componentes separados por medio de centrifugado y que consisten en:
un componente líquido más ligero (aceite) O1, un componente líquido
más pesado A1, formado por una mezcla de agua y pulpa, y un residuo
sólido S1 sustancialmente formado por producto de huesos y
componentes leñosos.As shown in Figure 1, the oil-containing paste P1, obtained from the continuous / discontinuous pretreatment
The olives are fed in the form of a moldable paste to a D1 decanter of the three-phase type, specifically with three different outputs for the different components separated by centrifugation and consisting of: a lighter liquid component (oil) O1, a heavier liquid component A1, formed by a mixture of water and pulp, and a solid residue S1 substantially formed by product of bones and woody components.
Con el tratamiento de separación en un decantador de tres fases es posible obtener:With the separation treatment in a three phase decanter it is possible to obtain:
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- la recuperación del aceite O1 que se extrae axialmente desde el decantador;the recovery of the O1 oil that is extracted axially from the decanter;
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- una fase líquida A1 de mezcla de agua vegetal con pulpa, extraída del decantador en una dirección radial;a liquid phase A1 of vegetable water mixture with pulp, extracted from decanter in a radial direction;
- --
- un residuo sólido que consiste esencialmente en producto de huesos y que tiene un bajo contenido en humedad (< 60% en peso) y con una baja cantidad de sales que permanecen disueltas en el agua de tratamiento, independientemente de cualquier adición de agua de lavado durante la centrifugación.a solid residue consisting essentially of bone product and which has a low moisture content (<60% by weight) and with a low amount of salts that remain dissolved in the water of treatment, regardless of any water addition of washing during centrifugation.
\vskip1.000000\baselineskip\ vskip1.000000 \ baselineskip
Queda claro por tanto cómo con el método según la invención es posible extraer aceite de frutas oleaginosas por medio de la separación en un decantador de tres fases, dando como resultado la recuperación de componentes finales de alta calidad para uso posterior adicional; esto es, uso alimentario para el aceite de alta calidad; uso, por ejemplo, como combustible para el residuo sólido que esté suficientemente seco; uso como pienso para la fase acuosa que comprende agua vegetal con un alto contenido de sólidos ligeros suspendidos (pulpa), presente en una cantidad entre 10% y 30% y preferiblemente entre 18% y 22% en peso, y sales disueltas.It is therefore clear how with the method according to the invention is possible to extract oil from oleaginous fruits by means of separation in a three phase decanter, giving as high quality final component recovery result for additional later use; that is, food use for the high quality oil; use, for example, as fuel for the solid residue that is sufficiently dry; use as I think for the aqueous phase comprising vegetable water with a high content of suspended light solids (pulp), present in an amount between 10% and 30% and preferably between 18% and 22% by weight, and salts dissolved.
Con el método según la invención es posible también obtener estos resultados sin tener que enviar el orujo a los molinos de orujo, dando como resultado un ahorro de energía en el caso en que el residuo sólido es reutilizado directamente como combustible para producir el calor requerido por el aparato para las etapas primarias de extracción del aceite.With the method according to the invention it is possible also get these results without having to send the pomace to orujo mills, resulting in energy savings in the case where the solid waste is reused directly as fuel to produce the heat required by the apparatus for Primary stages of oil extraction.
Como se muestra en la Figura 2, el extractor D1 centrífugo está compuesto de una cubierta 10 fija, sustancialmente cilíndrica, que tiene, en sus extremos opuestos, secciones anulares que están separadas una de otra y abiertas, formando colectores radiales 10a y 10b para la recuperación de los diferentes componentes del producto a ser separados, los cuales, en el caso particular de tratamiento de las aceitunas, están formados respectivamente por el residuo sólido S1 y por el componente líquido ligero O1 que consiste en aceite de alta calidad.As shown in Figure 2, the D1 extractor Centrifugal is composed of a fixed cover 10, substantially cylindrical, which has, at its opposite ends, annular sections that are separated from each other and open, forming collectors radials 10a and 10b for the recovery of the different product components to be separated, which, in the case particular treatment of olives, they are formed respectively for the solid residue S1 and for the liquid component Lightweight O1 consisting of high quality oil.
La cubierta 10 fija tiene dispuestos de forma coaxial dentro de ella, un tambor 20 hueco rotativo con una forma sustancialmente cilíndrica/frusto-cónica, que está montado sobre los cojinetes 20a de tal modo que permite la rotación del mismo con respecto a la cubierta 10; la desconexión de la energía del tambor 20 es de tipo convencional y por tanto no se ilustra en detalle.The fixed cover 10 has arranged so coaxial inside it, a rotating hollow drum 20 with a shape substantially cylindrical / frusto-conical, which is mounted on the bearings 20a such that it allows rotation thereof with respect to cover 10; the disconnection of the drum energy 20 is of the conventional type and therefore is not Illustrates in detail.
El tambor 20 tiene también, dispuesto de forma coaxial dentro del mismo, un tornillo alimentador 30, que está soportado en los extremos por cojinetes 21, integrado con el tambor 20 con respecto al cual el tornillo alimentador puede rotar y que tiene una espiral 32 integrada con la superficie exterior del cuerpo 31; dicho tornillo alimentador comprende un vástago formado por segmentos circunferenciales 31a unidos entre sí de forma que dejan aberturas 316 longitudinales de salida para la pasta P1 alimentada coaxialmente por medio de la tubería 1a.The drum 20 also has, arranged so coaxial inside it, a feeder screw 30, which is supported at the ends by bearings 21, integrated with the drum 20 with respect to which the feed screw can rotate and which it has a spiral 32 integrated with the outer surface of the body 31; said feeder screw comprises a rod formed by circumferential segments 31a joined together so that they leave Longitudinal outlets 316 for the pulp P1 fed coaxially by means of the pipe 1a.
Mediante rotación a velocidad diferente del tambor, el tornillo alimentador lanza el residuo sólido S1 hacia la salida asociada 10a.By rotation at a different speed than drum, the feeder screw throws the solid residue S1 towards the associated output 10a.
El tornillo alimentador 30 del extractor según la invención tiene también medios para retener el componente líquido más ligero (= aceite O1) en la dirección axial, dichos medios en el ejemplo consisten en un disco 50 montado concéntricamente sobre el propio tornillo alimentador 30 y con un diámetro de salida tal que el disco 50 forma una barrera capaz de retener el aceite de forma que se evite que éste salga junto con la pulpa A1 y/o el sólido S1, permitiendo en cualquier caso que el último pase a la correspondiente salida.The feed screw 30 of the extractor according to the invention also has means for retaining the liquid component lighter (= oil O1) in the axial direction, said means in the example consist of a disk 50 concentrically mounted on the own feed screw 30 and with an outlet diameter such that the disk 50 forms a barrier capable of retaining the oil so that this is prevented from leaving together with the pulp A1 and / or the solid S1, allowing in any case that the last one goes to the corresponding output.
En particular, el disco 50 produce también la discontinuidad en el nivel de las dos "superficies libres"; por un lado la fase oleosa ligera con una mayor superficie libre y por otro lado la parte más pesada con una menor superficie libre.In particular, disk 50 also produces the discontinuity at the level of the two "free surfaces"; by one side the light oil phase with a greater free surface and by on the other hand the heaviest part with a smaller free surface.
Dicho disco 50 está dispuesto en una posición axial que está situada tan aguas abajo como sea posible (en la dirección de movimiento del sólido) de la sección cilíndrica del tornillo alimentador y del tambor, con el fin de aumentar tanto como sea posible la longitud de la zona a lo largo de la cual el aceite puede salir a la superficie y retener la mayor cantidad posible de aceite aguas arriba del disco 50.Said disk 50 is arranged in a position axial that is located as downstream as possible (in the direction of movement of the solid) of the cylindrical section of the feeder and drum screw, in order to increase as much as the length of the area along which the oil is possible can surface and retain as much as possible of oil upstream of disc 50.
El extractor centrífugo D1 según la invención dispone de medios para extraer, en una dirección radial, el residuo líquido A1, que consiste en agua (en su mayor parte agua vegetal) y pulpa suspendida, cuyos medios consisten en elementos tubulares 60 insertados radialmente en el tambor 20 de forma que emergen en una posición axialmente aguas abajo del disco 50 en la dirección del movimiento del sólido SI hacia la salida asociada.The centrifugal extractor D1 according to the invention it has means to extract, in a radial direction, the residue liquid A1, which consists of water (mostly vegetable water) and Suspended pulp, whose means consist of tubular elements 60 inserted radially in the drum 20 so that they emerge in a axially downstream position of disk 50 in the direction of movement of the solid SI towards the associated exit.
Dichos elementos tubulares 60 tienen un extremo interior 60a dispuesto en el nivel de estratificación del líquido A1 a ser extraído, mientras que los extremos 60b opuestos fuera del tambor 20 llevan a un colector 61 situado dentro de la cubierta 10 fija y haciendo posible que el aceite extraído sea llevado a un conducto para descarga y recepción del mismo.Said tubular elements 60 have an end inside 60a arranged at the level of stratification of the liquid A1 to be extracted, while opposite ends 60b outside the drum 20 lead to a manifold 61 located inside the cover 10 fixed and making it possible for the extracted oil to be taken to a duct for downloading and receiving it.
Se prevé además que la profundidad del elemento tubular 60 en la dirección radial pueda ser ajustada por medio de tubos intercambiables de longitudes variables o utilizando medios adecuados, tales como, por ejemplo, espaciadores, tornillos y similares (convencionales per se), a los que se puede tener acceso a través de una ventana de inspección (que no se muestra) de la cubierta 10, enfrente a la cual puede posicionarse el elemento tubular por medio de una rotación adecuada del tambor.It is further envisaged that the depth of the tubular element 60 in the radial direction can be adjusted by means of interchangeable tubes of varying lengths or using suitable means, such as, for example, spacers, screws and the like (conventional per se ), to which it can be accessed through an inspection window (not shown) of the cover 10, in front of which the tubular element can be positioned by means of a suitable rotation of the drum.
Como se muestra en la Figura 2, se prevé además que la alimentación de la pasta P1 de aceitunas al decantador DI se pueda realizar por el lado de la brida 22 del extremo del decantador; de este modo la tubería de alimentación la (Fig. 3) puede estar coaxialmente insertada dentro del eje 121 soporte hueco del tambor 20 para obtener de este modo la alimentación del fluido a ser separado a una zona a una distancia adecuada de la brida 22 del extremo del decantador; pero tan lejos como sea posible de la zona en la que se descarga el sólido; se prevé además diseñar la tubería de alimentación para que sea tan corta como sea posible con el fin de limitar la presencia de partes salientes de forma coaxial que pueden estar sujetas a vibración.As shown in Figure 2, it is also foreseen that the feeding of the olive paste P1 to the decanter DI is can perform on the flange side 22 of the end of the decanter; in this way the feed pipe (Fig. 3) may be coaxially inserted into shaft 121 hollow support of the drum 20 to thereby obtain the fluid feed to be separated to an area at a suitable distance from the flange 22 of the decanter end; but as far as possible from the area in which the solid is discharged; It is also planned to design the pipe power to make it as short as possible in order of limiting the presence of protruding parts coaxially that They may be subject to vibration.
Como se muestra en la Figura 3, se prevé que la extracción del componente líquido más ligero O1 desde el decantador D1 se realice a través de la brida 22 que cierra el extremo del decantador por medio de conductos 122b rectos de salida de rebose.As shown in Figure 3, it is expected that the removal of the lighter liquid component O1 from the decanter D1 is carried out through the flange 22 that closes the end of the decanter by means of straight outlets 122b overflow.
Aunque no se muestra, se prevé sin embargo, que el componente líquido más ligero O1 pueda ser extraído radialmente usando medios enteramente similares (y por tanto no descritos en detalle) a los medios 60 para extraer el componente líquido más pesado A1.Although not shown, it is expected, however, that the lighter liquid component O1 can be extracted radially using entirely similar means (and therefore not described in detail) to means 60 to extract the liquid component more heavy A1.
La Figura 4 muestra una realización preferida adicional del tornillo de alimentación 130 del decantador según la presente invención; en esta realización se prevé que el tornillo pueda tener una o dos roscas con espirales interrumpidas, según la técnica conocida; se prevé además que el tornillo 130 esté provisto con roscas 135 axiales que son capaces de permitir que la fase oleosa a ser separada pase desde la zona del disco 50 de rebose a la zona de la brida 22 de salida del aceite.Figure 4 shows a preferred embodiment additional of the feed screw 130 of the decanter according to the present invention; in this embodiment it is envisioned that the screw may have one or two threads with interrupted spirals, depending on the known technique; it is further provided that screw 130 is provided with axial threads 135 that are capable of allowing the phase oil to be separated pass from the area of the overflow disc 50 to the area of the oil outlet flange 22.
Estos colectores 135 están dispuestos de tal forma que hay uno por cada uno de los cuatro cuerpos de tornillos que forman el vástago del tornillo alimentador y cada uno consiste en dos miembros planos 135a que se extienden radialmente diseñados para formar un canal para transportar el aceite hacia la zona de salida y al mismo tiempo proporcionar protección de tal modo que el aceite no se vea perturbado durante la separación por la "corriente" del producto que cae desde la tubería de alimentación la hacia la periferia del tambor.These manifolds 135 are arranged in such way that there is one for each of the four screw bodies which form the feeder screw shank and each consists in two flat radially designed 135a members to form a channel to transport the oil to the area of output and at the same time provide protection so that the oil is not disturbed during separation by "stream" of the product that falls from the pipeline feed it to the periphery of the drum.
En la práctica cada colector tiene un corte transversal que es más o menos rectangular y está formado por tres lados cerrados que son todos paralelos al eje del tornillo alimentador y del decantador, con un único lado abierto que es el que está más lejos del eje del tornillo alimentador.In practice each collector has a cut transversal that is more or less rectangular and is formed by three closed sides that are all parallel to the screw axis feeder and decanter, with a single open side which is the which is further from the axis of the feed screw.
Se prevé también que es posible equipar el decantador con medios 1000 de suministro de agua dispuestos aguas arriba de la zona para la extracción del sólido S1, con el fin de lograr un "retrolavado" a lo largo de la sección frusto-cónica del tambor de salida del orujo, de forma que se obtenga un producto de huesos que está incluso más limpio (limpio de pulpa, lavado).It is also foreseen that it is possible to equip the decanter with 1000 water supply means disposed waters above the zone for the extraction of solid S1, in order to achieve a "backwash" throughout the section frusto-conical outflow drum from Marc so that you get a bone product that is even more clean (clean pulp, wash).
Queda claro por tanto cómo con el decantador según la invención es posible obtener en una única operación una pulpa que no está contaminada con el polvo de los huesos puesto que se reduce sustancialmente la pérdida del producto de huesos con la pulpa que se destina a pienso.It is clear therefore how with the decanter according to the invention it is possible to obtain in a single operation a pulp that is not contaminated with bone dust since bone loss is substantially reduced with the pulp that is intended for feed.
Esto significa que, a partir de la planta de extracción de aceite, es posible obtener no solamente un aceite "refinado", sino también otros dos productos listos para uso posterior sin necesidad de operaciones y/o procesado adicionales.This means that, from the plant of oil extraction, it is possible to obtain not only an oil "refined", but also two other products ready for use later without operations and / or processed additional.
Claims (35)
- a)to)
- alimentar dicha pasta (P1) a un extractor centrífugo con eje horizontal (D1) (decantador),feed said paste (P1) to a centrifugal extractor with horizontal axis (D1) (decanter),
- b)b)
- separar y extraer por separado un residuo sólido (S1), un componente líquido ligero (O1) y un componente líquido pesado (A1),separate and extract separately a solid residue (S1), a light liquid component (O1) and a heavy liquid component (A1),
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT000345A ITMI20070345A1 (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2007-02-22 | PROCEDURE AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE SEPARATION AND EXTRACTION OF DIFFERENT OLEAGINOSE AND SIMILAR PASTE PRODUCTS |
| ITMI07A0345 | 2007-02-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2338964A1 true ES2338964A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
| ES2338964B2 ES2338964B2 (en) | 2012-03-23 |
Family
ID=40312046
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200800484A Expired - Fee Related ES2338964B2 (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2008-02-21 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING AND REMOVING DIFFERENT PRODUCTS FROM FRUIT PASTES CONTAINING OIL AND SIMILAR. |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AR (1) | AR065429A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2338964B2 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR1006877B (en) |
| IT (1) | ITMI20070345A1 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR200801060A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014009161A2 (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2014-01-16 | Pieralisi Maip Societa' Per Azioni | A centrifugal separator or decanter provided with improved closing system |
| WO2020221668A1 (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-11-05 | Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh | Solid bowl screw centrifuge |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2091735T1 (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-11-16 | Nuova Maip Macchine Agric | PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR THE CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTION OF OIL FROM THE FIRST AND SECOND PRESSES. |
| ES2181975T3 (en) * | 1996-12-05 | 2003-03-01 | Cornello Centrifughe S R L | INTERIOR HELICE FOR CENTRIFUGAL OLIVE OIL SEPARATOR. |
| ES2189564A1 (en) * | 1998-11-16 | 2003-07-01 | Nuova Maip Macchine Agric | Apparatus for the centrifugal extraction and use of two component liquids from oil-bearing products, such as olives, etc., and drying and separating the oil. |
| ES2207391A1 (en) * | 2001-04-12 | 2004-05-16 | Nuova M.A.I.P. Macchine Agricole Industriali Pieralisi S.P.A. | Centrifugal extractor for liquids includes revolving drum with separation of high and low specific gravity liquids and solids via helical feeder |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2054722A5 (en) * | 1969-07-24 | 1971-05-07 | Saget Pierre | Centrifuge sepg two liquids and a solid |
| US3623656A (en) * | 1970-01-30 | 1971-11-30 | Pennwalt Corp | Three-phase centrifuge |
| ES2158477T3 (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 2001-09-01 | Rapanelli Fioravante Spa | HORIZONTAL CENTRIFUGE MACHINE FOR AN OPTIMAL OIL EXTRACTION. |
| IT1311908B1 (en) * | 1999-04-06 | 2002-03-20 | Nuova Maip Macchine Agric | PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING OIL FROM OILAGINOSIS AND SIMILAR MEDIUM CENTRIFUGATION WITH SEPARATION OF THE SOLID COMPONENT IN TWO PARTS |
-
2007
- 2007-02-22 IT IT000345A patent/ITMI20070345A1/en unknown
-
2008
- 2008-02-06 GR GR20080100085A patent/GR1006877B/en active IP Right Grant
- 2008-02-19 TR TR2008/01060A patent/TR200801060A2/en unknown
- 2008-02-21 AR ARP080100724A patent/AR065429A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-02-21 ES ES200800484A patent/ES2338964B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2091735T1 (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-11-16 | Nuova Maip Macchine Agric | PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR THE CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTION OF OIL FROM THE FIRST AND SECOND PRESSES. |
| ES2181975T3 (en) * | 1996-12-05 | 2003-03-01 | Cornello Centrifughe S R L | INTERIOR HELICE FOR CENTRIFUGAL OLIVE OIL SEPARATOR. |
| ES2189564A1 (en) * | 1998-11-16 | 2003-07-01 | Nuova Maip Macchine Agric | Apparatus for the centrifugal extraction and use of two component liquids from oil-bearing products, such as olives, etc., and drying and separating the oil. |
| ES2207391A1 (en) * | 2001-04-12 | 2004-05-16 | Nuova M.A.I.P. Macchine Agricole Industriali Pieralisi S.P.A. | Centrifugal extractor for liquids includes revolving drum with separation of high and low specific gravity liquids and solids via helical feeder |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014009161A2 (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2014-01-16 | Pieralisi Maip Societa' Per Azioni | A centrifugal separator or decanter provided with improved closing system |
| WO2020221668A1 (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-11-05 | Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh | Solid bowl screw centrifuge |
| US20220234053A1 (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2022-07-28 | Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh | Solid bowl screw centrifuge |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TR200801060A2 (en) | 2008-09-22 |
| GR1006877B (en) | 2010-07-12 |
| AR065429A1 (en) | 2009-06-10 |
| ES2338964B2 (en) | 2012-03-23 |
| ITMI20070345A1 (en) | 2008-08-23 |
| GR20080100085A (en) | 2009-09-25 |
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