ES2336290A1 - Light prefabricated frame (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Light prefabricated frame (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
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- ES2336290A1 ES2336290A1 ES200702397A ES200702397A ES2336290A1 ES 2336290 A1 ES2336290 A1 ES 2336290A1 ES 200702397 A ES200702397 A ES 200702397A ES 200702397 A ES200702397 A ES 200702397A ES 2336290 A1 ES2336290 A1 ES 2336290A1
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- lightened
- lintel
- gables
- prefabricated frame
- gable
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000150100 Margo Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/02—Piers; Abutments ; Protecting same against drifting ice
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Marco prefabricado aligerado.Prefabricated frame lightened.
La presente memoria descriptiva se refiere, como su título indica, a un marco prefabricado aligerado del tipo de los realizados en hormigón armado y utilizados en la construcción para la realización de soterramientos de viales, ferrocarriles, accesos o galerías de servicios, pasos bajo vías y canalizaciones cerradas, caracterizado porque consta de un dintel dotado de una pluralidad de elementos aligerantes insertos unido en ambos extremos laterales con los extremos superiores de dos hastiales, preferentemente también incorporando una pluralidad de elementos aligerantes insertos y que, a su vez, se encuentran relacionados en sus extremos inferiores con una cimentación, siendo apilables longitudinalmente entre sí tanto el dintel como los hastiales.The present specification refers to, as its title indicates, to a lightened prefabricated frame of the type of made of reinforced concrete and used in construction for the execution of underground roads, railways, accesses or service galleries, underpasses and closed pipes, characterized in that it consists of a lintel provided with a plurality of lightening elements inserts joined at both lateral ends with the upper ends of two gables, preferably also incorporating a plurality of lightening elements inserted and that, in turn, they are related at their lower ends with a foundation, being longitudinally stackable with each other both The lintel like the gables.
En la actualidad son ampliamente conocidos y utilizados en la construcción y en obra civil diversos tipos de marcos prefabricados de hormigón para obras de drenaje, galerías de servicios, arquetas, depósitos, pasos bajo vías y canalizaciones cerradas. Estos marcos prefabricados responden a una forma rectangular hueca, de paredes delgadas en relación al resto de las medidas, y una longitud adecuada. Los marcos prefabricados se apilan longitudinalmente para formar las conducciones, galerías o pasos con la longitud deseada, uniendo entre sí los distintos marcos prefabricados mediante técnicas convencionales de hormigonado. Estos marcos prefabricados suelen ser cerrados y monopieza, lo cual limita su tamaño a unas medidas y pesos que puedan ser transportadas convencionalmente. Sin embargo es muy frecuente la realización de obras de soterramientos de viales, ferrocarriles, etc..., en las que las medidas requeridas hacen inviable la utilización de marcos prefabricados completos, debido a la imposibilidad de su transporte de una manera económicamente rentable.They are now widely known and used in construction and civil works various types of precast concrete frames for drainage works, galleries services, boxes, warehouses, underpasses and pipelines closed. These prefabricated frames respond to a form hollow rectangular, with thin walls in relation to the rest of the measures, and a suitable length. Prefabricated frames are stacked longitudinally to form the conduits, galleries or steps with the desired length, joining the different frames together prefabricated by conventional concreting techniques. These prefabricated frames are usually closed and single piece, which limits its size to measures and weights that can be transported conventionally. However, the realization of underground works of roads, railways, etc ..., in which the required measures make the use of frames unfeasible complete prefabricated, due to the impossibility of transport in an economically profitable way.
También son conocidos los denominados marcos prefabricados articulados, que constan de dos semimarcos apoyados uno sobre otro y unidos mediante una unión articulada o rótula, consistente en que una pieza apoya sobre la otra, uniéndose mediante cemento u otro elementos constructivo similar. Este tipo de marcos prefabricados articulados presentan el problema de que la unión articulada no está rigidificada por una armadura interna, generando una línea de unión de menor resistencia estructural que el resto del marco, lo cual en algunos tipos de construcción y obra civil presenta problemas de homologación, además de que tampoco pueden ser utilizados para marcos de grandes dimensiones.The so-called frames are also known articulated prefabricated, consisting of two semi-frames supported one upon another and joined by an articulated joint or ball joint, consisting of one piece resting on the other, joining by cement or other similar constructive elements. This type of frames articulated prefabricated presents the problem that the union articulated is not stiffened by an internal armor, generating a bonding line of lower structural strength than the rest of the framework, which in some types of construction and civil works It presents approval problems, and they cannot be Used for large frames.
El procedimiento más corrientemente empleado para conseguir marcos de gran altura y/o anchura es el del hormigonado "in situ" tanto de los hastiales como del dintel de cubierta, mediante técnicas convencionales de encofrado. De esta forma obviamente se puede conseguir cualquier altura y anchura del paso, pero tiene el inconveniente de que, para grandes alturas, el encofrado se debe de hacer por fases, lo cual retrasa y encarece notablemente la construcción. Además, son necesarias importantes grosores de los elementos del marco para conseguir la necesaria resistencia estructural.The most commonly used procedure to achieve frames of great height and / or width is that of concreting " in situ " of both the gables and the roof lintel, using conventional formwork techniques. In this way, obviously, any height and width of the passage can be achieved, but it has the disadvantage that, for great heights, the formwork must be done in phases, which significantly delays and increases the construction. In addition, important thicknesses of the frame elements are necessary to achieve the necessary structural strength.
Se ha intentado buscar otras soluciones. Por ejemplo la Patente Europea 97934570 "Elemento prefabricado de hormigón para ta construcción de una obra civil con pared abovedada" presenta unos elementos prefabricados en los que la unión entre las piezas se realiza mediante unas piezas de apoyo y unión, que complementan la unión entre las armaduras, pero este tipo de soluciones adolecen del problema de encarecer notablemente tanto la fabricación de los elementos como su montajes, además de estar especialmente indicados para la fabricación de bóvedas y estructuras circulares, no de conducciones de sección cuadrangular. Además su estructura maciza limita el peso posible a transportar.Attempts have been made to find other solutions. For example, European Patent 97934570 " Prefabricated concrete element for the construction of a civil work with a vaulted wall " presents prefabricated elements in which the union between the pieces is carried out by means of support and joint pieces, which complement the union between the reinforcements, but these types of solutions suffer from the problem of making the manufacturing of the elements and their assemblies significantly more expensive, in addition to being especially suitable for the manufacture of vaults and circular structures, not of conduits of quadrangular section. In addition, its solid structure limits the possible weight to be transported.
Otra solución utilizada es la utilización de hastiales macizos prefabricados con sección en T o en doble T, de las que emergen una especie de contrafuertes que contribuyen a mejorar la capacidad de soporte del muro, tal y como podemos encontrar reivindicado por ejemplo en el Modelo de Utilidad 9400511 "Panel prefabricado para la formación de muros". Este tipo de hastiales para marcos o muros tiene el problema de que la sección asimétrica del soporte propicia que su resistencia estructural en el extremo, donde debe soportar el dintel, sea buena hacia el interior, conteniendo el relleno exterior de tierra, pero sea bastante peor hacia el exterior, que es donde obligan las tensiones de soporte del dintel. Además este tipo de soluciones son secciones macizas únicamente mejora los marcos prefabricados convencionales, pero sigue teniendo problemas de peso, transporte y económicos para grandes alturas, debido al mayor espesor de las paredes requerido para soportar mayores alturas.Another solution used is the use of prefabricated solid gable with a T or double T section, from which a kind of buttresses emerge that contribute to improving the wall's bearing capacity, as we can find claimed for example in the Model of Utility 9400511 " Prefabricated panel for the formation of walls ". This type of gable for frames or walls has the problem that the asymmetric section of the support favors that its structural resistance at the end, where it must support the lintel, is good inwards, containing the outer landfill, but is much worse towards the outside, which is where they support the support tensions of the lintel. In addition, these types of solutions are solid sections that only improve conventional prefabricated frames, but still have weight, transport and economic problems for great heights, due to the greater thickness of the walls required to withstand greater heights.
Asimismo se conocen unas placas alveolares, de tipo pretensado y aligeradas por huecos, pero su utilización está restringida a cubiertas y forjados, ya que no trabaja por igual en ambos sentidos con lo cual no están indicadas para marcos.Also known are alveolar plates, of type prestressed and lightened by gaps, but its use is restricted to roofs and floors, since it does not work equally in both directions with which they are not indicated for frames.
Para solventar la problemática existente en la actualidad en cuanto a la realización de marcos prefabricados de grandes dimensiones se ha ideado el marco prefabricado aligerado objeto de la presente invención, el cual consta de un dintel dotado de una pluralidad de elementos aligerantes insertos unido en ambos extremos laterales con los extremos superiores de dos hastiales, preferentemente también incorporando una pluralidad de elementos aligerantes insertos. Tanto el dintel como los hastiales adoptan una forma rectangular de grosor notablemente reducido con respecto al resto de las medidas.To solve the problem in the news regarding the realization of prefabricated frames of large dimensions has been devised lightened prefabricated frame object of the present invention, which consists of a fitted lintel of a plurality of lightening elements inserted together in both lateral ends with the upper ends of two gables, preferably also incorporating a plurality of elements lightening inserts. Both lintel and gables adopt a rectangular shape of noticeably reduced thickness with respect to rest of the measures.
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Los elementos aligerantes son preferentemente bloques de poliestireno expandido EPS, también conocidos como porexpán, de forma variable, y distribuidos de manera proporcional en toda la estructura de cada pieza. Se insertarán en el molde durante el proceso de fabricación tanto de los hastiales como del dintel.The lightening elements are preferably EPS expanded polystyrene blocks, also known as Porexpan, in variable form, and distributed proportionally in the whole structure of each piece. They will be inserted into the mold during the manufacturing process of both the gables and the lintel.
El dintel, en su construcción preferente, será de sección simétrica y con paredes exteriores lisas de tal manera que no necesiten de un acabado posterior. Está prevista una realización alternativa del dintel que incorpora en su pared superior unas terminaciones de la armadura metálica para permitir un posterior hormigonado in-situ del piso superior. En este caso la pared superior de hormigón del dintel tendrá menor espesor, y por tanto la pieza tendrá menor peso.The lintel, in its preferred construction, will be of symmetrical section and with smooth outer walls in such a way that they do not need a subsequent finish. An alternative embodiment of the lintel is foreseen which incorporates in its upper wall some terminations of the metal reinforcement to allow a subsequent in-situ concreting of the upper floor. In this case the upper concrete wall of the lintel will have a lower thickness, and therefore the piece will have a lower weight.
Los hastiales, en su construcción preferente, son también de sección simétrica y con paredes exteriores lisas, estando una pluralidad de elementos aligerantes insertos. Está prevista una realización alternativa de la invención, principalmente para cuando la anchura del margo sea grande pero su altura sea normal, en la que los hastiales son macizos, soportando un dintel de tipo aligerado.The gables, in their preferred construction, they are also of symmetrical section and with smooth outer walls, a plurality of lightening elements being inserted. This provided an alternative embodiment of the invention, mainly for when the width of the margo is large but its height is normal, in which the gables are massive, supporting a lintel of lightened type.
En todos los casos, la parte inferior de los hastiales se encuentra relacionada y soportada mecánicamente con una cimentación realizada convencionalmente.In all cases, the bottom of the gables is mechanically related and supported with a foundation carried out conventionally.
Tanto el dintel como los hastiales son apilables entre sí longitudinalmente, permitiendo conseguir la longitud del soterramiento necesaria.Both lintel and gables are stackable each other longitudinally, allowing to achieve the length of the underground required.
Este marco prefabricado aligerado que se presenta aporta múltiples ventajas sobre los sistemas disponibles en la actualidad siendo la más importante que permite la realización de soterramientos de gran altura y anchura interior utilizando elementos prefabricados de reducido grosor y bajo peso, sin disminución de su resistencia estructural.This lightweight prefabricated frame that presents brings multiple advantages over the systems available in currently being the most important that allows the realization of burials of great height and interior width using Prefabricated elements of reduced thickness and low weight, without decrease in structural strength.
Es importante destacar que, al tener una sección simétrica los hastiales, soportan por igual el esfuerzo hacia el interior y hacia el exterior, a diferencia de los módulos prefabricados en T o doble T.It is important to note that, having a section symmetrical the gable ones, support equally the effort towards the inside and out, unlike modules Prefabricated in T or double T.
Otra importante ventaja es que, como consecuencia del bajo peso, su transporte y manipulación es posible utilizando medios de transporte convencionales.Another important advantage is that, as consequence of the low weight, its transport and handling is possible using conventional means of transport.
Otra ventaja de la presente invención es que su instalación es rápida lo cual propicia el consiguiente ahorro económico tanto en tiempo y mano de obra como en transporte y materiales.Another advantage of the present invention is that its installation is fast which leads to consequent savings economic both in time and labor and in transport and materials.
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Para comprender mejor el objeto de la presente invención, en el plano anexo se han representado varias realizaciones prácticas preferenciales del marco prefabricado aligerado.To better understand the purpose of this invention, in the annexed plane several have been represented preferential practical embodiments of the prefabricated frame lightened up
En dicho plano la figura -1- muestra una vista en alzado del marco prefabricado aligerado, con dintel y hastiales aligerados.In that plane, figure -1- shows a view in elevation of the lightened prefabricated frame, with lintel and gables lightened up
La figura -2- muestra una vista en alzado del marco prefabricado aligerado, en la realización alternativa con dintel aligerado y hastiales macizos.Figure -2- shows an elevation view of the lightened prefabricated frame, in the alternative embodiment with lightened lintel and massive gables.
La figura -3- muestra un fragmento del dintel.Figure -3- shows a fragment of the lintel.
La figura -4- muestra un fragmento del dintel en la realización alternativa con armadura vista.Figure -4- shows a fragment of the lintel in the alternative embodiment with visible armor.
La figura -5- muestra una vista de la unión del dintel con hastial, ambos aligerados.Figure -5- shows a view of the union of the lintel with gable, both lightened.
La figura -6- muestra una vista de la unión del dintel aligerado con hastial macizo.Figure -6- shows a view of the union of the lightened lintel with solid gable.
La figura -7- muestra una vista de la unión del dintel aligerado, en realización alternativa con armadura vista, con hastial aligerado.Figure -7- shows a view of the union of the lightened lintel, in alternative embodiment with visible armor, with lightened gable.
La figura -8- muestra una vista de la unión del dintel en realización alternativa con armadura vista, con hastial macizo.Figure -8- shows a view of the union of the lintel in alternative embodiment with visible armor, with gable solid.
La figura -9- muestra una vista en detalle del anclaje del hastial a la cimentación mediante vainas en cimentación.Figure -9- shows a detailed view of the anchorage of the gable to the foundation by means of pods in foundation.
La figura -10- muestra una vista en detalle del anclaje del hastial a la cimentación mediante pies de apoyo perdidos.Figure -10- shows a detailed view of the anchorage of the gable to the foundation by means of support feet lost
La figura -11- muestra un detalle del empalme longitudinal de las piezas del dintel.Figure -11- shows a detail of the joint longitudinal of the lintel pieces.
La figura -12- muestra un detalle del empalme longitudinal de las piezas del dintel, con losa in situ, en la realización alternativa con armadura vista.Figure -12- shows a detail of the longitudinal splice of the lintel pieces, with slab in situ , in the alternative embodiment with visible reinforcement.
La figura -13- muestra un detalle del empalme vertical de las piezas del hastial aligerado, mediante banda de sellado.Figure -13- shows a detail of the joint vertical of the lightened gable pieces, using a band of sealed.
La figura -14- muestra un detalle del empalme vertical de las piezas del hastial macizo, mediante banda de sellado.Figure -14- shows a detail of the joint vertical of the pieces of the solid gable, by band of sealed.
La figura -15- muestra un detalle del empalme vertical de las piezas del hastial aligerado, mediante banda de sellado y relleno de hormigón in situ.Figure -15- shows a detail of the vertical splice of the lightened gable pieces, by means of a sealing strip and concrete filling in situ .
La figura -16- muestra un detalle del empalme vertical de las piezas del hastial macizo, mediante banda de sellado y relleno de hormigón in situ.Figure -16- shows a detail of the vertical joint parts gable solid by band sealing and filling concrete in situ.
La figura -17- muestra un detalle de la unión vertical de hastiales mediante banda de sellado y relleno de hormigón in situ.Figure -17- shows a detail of the vertical joint of gables by band sealing and filling concrete in situ.
La figura -18- muestra un detalle de la unión vertical de hastiales mediante banda de sellado y relleno de hormigón in situ, con armadura interna.Figure -18- shows a detail of the vertical joint of gables by band sealing and filling of in situ concrete with internal reinforcement.
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El marco prefabricado aligerado objeto de la
presente invención, esta formado básicamente, como puede apreciarse
en el piano anexo, por un dintel (1,6), o pieza horizontal, dotado
de una pluralidad de elementos aligerantes (3) insertos y unido en
ambos extremos laterales con los extremos superiores de dos
hastiales (2,5), o piezas verticales, preferentemente también
incorporando una pluralidad de elementos aligerantes (3) insertos.
Tanto el dintel (1,6) como los hastiales (2,5) adoptan una forma
rectangular de grosor notablemente reducido con respecto al resto de
las medi-
das.The lightened prefabricated frame object of the present invention, is basically formed, as can be seen in the annex piano, by a lintel (1,6), or horizontal piece, provided with a plurality of lightening elements (3) inserted and joined in both lateral ends with the upper ends of two gables (2.5), or vertical pieces, preferably also incorporating a plurality of lightening elements (3) inserts. Both the lintel (1,6) and the gable (2,5) adopt a rectangular shape of noticeably reduced thickness with respect to the rest of the measures
you give.
Los elementos aligerantes (3) serán preferentemente bloques de poliestireno expandido EPS, también conocidos como porexpán, de forma variable, y distribuidos de manera proporcional en toda la estructura de cada pieza. Se insertarán en el molde durante el proceso de fabricación tanto de los hastiales (2) como del dintel (1,6).The lightening elements (3) will be preferably EPS expanded polystyrene blocks, also known as porexpan, in a variable way, and distributed in a way proportional throughout the structure of each piece. They will be inserted in the mold during the manufacturing process of both the gables (2) as of the lintel (1,6).
El dintel (1), en su construcción preferente, será de sección simétrica y con paredes exteriores lisas de tal manera que no necesiten de un acabado posterior. Está prevista una realización alternativa del dintel (6) que incorpora en su pared superior unas terminaciones de la armadura metálica (7) para permitir un posterior hormigonado in-situ del piso superior. En este caso la pared superior de hormigón del dintel (6) tendrá menor espesor, y por tanto la pieza tendrá menor peso. Ambas variantes de dintel (1,6) pueden ser tanto armadas como pretensadas.The lintel (1), in its preferred construction, will be of symmetrical section and with smooth outer walls in such a way that they do not need a subsequent finish. An alternative embodiment of the lintel (6) is provided, which incorporates in its upper wall terminations of the metal reinforcement (7) to allow a subsequent in-situ concreting of the upper floor. In this case the upper concrete wall of the lintel (6) will have a lower thickness, and therefore the piece will have a lower weight. Both variants of lintel (1,6) can be both armed and prestressed.
Los hastiales (2), en su construcción preferente, será también de sección simétrica y con paredes exteriores lisas, estando una pluralidad de elementos aligerantes (3) insertos. Está prevista una realización alternativa de la invención, principalmente para cuando la anchura del marco sea grande pero su altura sea normal, en la que los hastiales (6) son macizos, soportando un dintel (1,6) de tipo aligerado. Está previsto asimismo el uso independiente de los hastiales aligerados (2) como muros de gran altura para soportar vigas convencionales.The gables (2), in their construction preferred, it will also be of symmetrical section and with walls smooth exteriors, a plurality of lightening elements being (3) inserts. An alternative embodiment of the invention, mainly for when the width of the frame is large but its height is normal, in which the gables (6) are massifs, supporting a lightened lintel (1,6). It is planned also the independent use of lightened gables (2) as high-rise walls to support conventional beams.
La unión de cada extremo lateral del dintel (1) con el extremo superior de cada hastial (2,5) se realizará mediante la inserción de unas armaduras vistas (9) o barras de acero pasivas y de unas barras de acero activas (10) para postesar que emergen de la parte superior de cada hastial (2,5) a través de unas perforaciones verticales (13) existentes en los extremos laterales del dintel (1). Se intercalaran unas bandas de sellado (8) entre las partes externas de la zona de unión entre ambos elementos, y se rellena el interior con hormigón de relleno tipo grout (14). Se une firmemente mediante gatos cada extremo lateral del dintel (1) con el extremo superior de cada hastial (2,5) y se fija mediante las tuercas (11), procediendo finalmente al sellado de las perforaciones verticales (13) mediante hormigón de relleno tipo grout (14). Esta fijación se utiliza tanto en hastiales aligerados (2) como en hastiales macizos (5).The junction of each side end of the lintel (1) with the upper end of each gable (2,5) it will be done by the insertion of visible reinforcements (9) or passive steel bars and of active steel bars (10) for posts that emerge from the top of each gable (2,5) through some vertical perforations (13) existing at the lateral ends of the lintel (1). Sealing bands (8) are sandwiched between the external parts of the junction zone between both elements, and it Fill the interior with grout type concrete (14). Joins firmly by cats each side end of the lintel (1) with the upper end of each gable (2,5) and is fixed by nuts (11), finally sealing the perforations vertical (13) by grout type concrete (14). This fixation is used both in lightened gables (2) and in solid gables (5).
En el caso de la realización alternativa del dintel (6) con terminaciones superiores de la armadura metálica (7), el dintel dispone asimismo de unas terminaciones laterales (15) de su armadura que se unen con unas terminaciones emergentes (16) de la armadura del hastial (2,5), rellenándose a continuación la unión mediante hormigonado convencional (17), que se aprovechará para la realización del piso englobando las terminaciones de la armadura metálica (7) que incorpora el dintel (6) en su pared superior. Esta fijación se utiliza tanto en hastiales aligerados (2) como en hastiales macizos (5).In the case of the alternative embodiment of lintel (6) with upper terminations of the metal armor (7), the lintel also has lateral endings (15) of their armor that join with some emergent endings (16) of the gable armor (2,5), then filling the joint by conventional concreting (17), which will be used for realization of the floor encompassing the endings of the armor metallic (7) that incorporates the lintel (6) in its upper wall. This fixation is used both in lightened gables (2) and in solid gables (5).
En todos los casos, la parte inferior de los hastiales (2,5) se encuentra relacionada y soportada mecánicamente en una cimentación (4) realizada convencionalmente, bien mediante unas vainas (18) insertadas previamente en la cimentación (4), que se fragua primero, en las cuales se insertan unas terminaciones inferiores rectas (19) de la armadura de los hastiales (2,5), o bien utilizando unos pies perdidos (20) para apoyo de los hastiales (2,5), uniendo las terminaciones inferiores (21) de la armadura de los hastiales (2,5) con la armadura de cimentación (22) y hormigonando todo a la vez.In all cases, the bottom of the gable (2,5) is related and mechanically supported in a foundation (4) carried out conventionally, either by pods (18) previously inserted in the foundation (4), which is forged first, in which endings are inserted straight bottoms (19) of the gable armor (2,5), or using lost feet (20) to support the gables (2.5), joining the lower endings (21) of the armor of the gables (2,5) with the foundation reinforcement (22) and concreting all at once.
Tanto el dintel (1,6) como los hastiales (2,5) son apilables entre sí longitudinalmente, permitiendo conseguir la longitud del soterramiento necesaria.Both the lintel (1,6) and the gables (2,5) they are stackable with each other longitudinally, allowing to achieve the underground length required.
La unión entre los dinteles (1) para su apilamiento longitudinal se realiza mediante un simple escalón de apoyo (25). En el caso de la realización alternativa del dintel (6) se prevé un rebaje terminal lateral (26) que permite su rellenado al realizar el hormigonado convencional (17) que conforma el piso.The union between the lintels (1) for their Longitudinal stacking is done by a simple step of support (25). In the case of the alternative embodiment of the lintel (6) a lateral terminal recess (26) is provided that allows its filling to the make the conventional concrete (17) that makes up the floor.
La unión entre los hastiales (2,5) para su apilamiento longitudinal puede realizarse mediante un simple escalón de apoyo (27) en el que se intercala una banda de sellado (23), o bien mediante unos rebajes laterales coincidentes (28), dotados de paramentos rugosos internos, que conforman un canal que se cierra lateralmente mediante bandas de sellado (23) y que se rellena por hormigonado (17), pudiendo incorporar opcionalmente una armadura interna (24) de refuerzo.The union between the gables (2,5) for their Longitudinal stacking can be done by a simple step of support (27) in which a sealing band (23) is inserted, or either by matching side recesses (28), equipped with internal rough walls, which make up a closing channel laterally by means of sealing bands (23) and that is filled by concreting (17), being able to optionally incorporate an armor Internal (24) reinforcement.
Claims (16)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| ES200702397A ES2336290B1 (en) | 2007-09-07 | 2007-09-07 | LIGHT PREFABRICATED FRAME. |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4324508A (en) * | 1980-01-09 | 1982-04-13 | Hilfiker Pipe Co. | Retaining and reinforcement system method and apparatus for earthen formations |
| FR2609071A1 (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1988-07-01 | Bourachot Francois | Reinforced concrete components for the rapid construction of small structures - culverts - surface ducts - underground passages for pedestrians or light vehicles |
| FR2684710A1 (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1993-06-11 | Pierrel Guy | Method for building constructions, such as bridge, frame, tunnel, large duct, reservoir, by assembling prefabricated elements |
| FR2717197A1 (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1995-09-15 | Chapsol | Overpass or Underpass structure in concrete used for vehicles or pedestrians |
| ES2156758A1 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2001-07-01 | R & C Res A And Concrete S A | Curved beams and a system for coupling them. |
| ES2160074A1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-10-16 | Sanchez Jaime E Jimenez | Prefabricated road under/overpass assembled on site. |
| US6460213B1 (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2002-10-08 | Concrete Precast Products Corp. | Precast concrete structure having light weight encapsulated cores |
| US20030074750A1 (en) * | 2001-10-23 | 2003-04-24 | Copher Gene C. | Bridge construction |
-
2007
- 2007-09-07 ES ES200702397A patent/ES2336290B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4324508A (en) * | 1980-01-09 | 1982-04-13 | Hilfiker Pipe Co. | Retaining and reinforcement system method and apparatus for earthen formations |
| FR2609071A1 (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1988-07-01 | Bourachot Francois | Reinforced concrete components for the rapid construction of small structures - culverts - surface ducts - underground passages for pedestrians or light vehicles |
| FR2684710A1 (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1993-06-11 | Pierrel Guy | Method for building constructions, such as bridge, frame, tunnel, large duct, reservoir, by assembling prefabricated elements |
| FR2717197A1 (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1995-09-15 | Chapsol | Overpass or Underpass structure in concrete used for vehicles or pedestrians |
| ES2160074A1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-10-16 | Sanchez Jaime E Jimenez | Prefabricated road under/overpass assembled on site. |
| ES2156758A1 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2001-07-01 | R & C Res A And Concrete S A | Curved beams and a system for coupling them. |
| US6460213B1 (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2002-10-08 | Concrete Precast Products Corp. | Precast concrete structure having light weight encapsulated cores |
| US20030074750A1 (en) * | 2001-10-23 | 2003-04-24 | Copher Gene C. | Bridge construction |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2336290B1 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
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