ES2324902T3 - DEVICE FOR PROCESSING A SHEET, PLATE OR METAL STRIP. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for processing a metal slab, plate or strip, comprising a rolling mill stand with a roll nip between two driveable rolls, the rolling mill stand being designed to roll a metal slab, plate or strip between the rolls. According to a first aspect of the invention, the device is provided with feed means which are designed to guide the slab, plate or strip between the rolls at an angle of between 5° and 45° with respect to the perpendicular to the plane through the center axes of the rolls. According to a second aspect of the invention, the device is provided with one or more following rolling mill stands with driveable rolls, and the rolling mill stand and one or more following rolling mil stands are designed in such a manner that, during use, their rolls have different peripheral velocities, the difference in peripheral velocity amounting to at least 5% and at most 100%.

Description

Device for processing a sheet, plate or metal strip

The invention relates to a device for process a sheet, plate or metal strip, comprising a box of the rolling mill with a roller passage between two rollers operable, the rolling mill box being designed for laminate a sheet, plate or metal strip between the rollers.

Such a device is known and used. widely used in the metallurgical industry to reduce thickness of a sheet, plate or strip and to improve the mechanical properties of a sheet, plate or strip. Lamination that is carried out using the device takes place during the processing of plates and thick plates, usually at High temperature. During the lamination of plates and strips thin, the plate or strip is not increased to a temperature raised before lamination.

Working with the known device has the disadvantage that improvements in mechanical properties are mainly produced in the outer layers of the laminated product and only to a lesser extent or not at all inside the product. This is true in particular for thick plates.

An object of the invention is to provide a device for processing a sheet, plate or metal strip with the that the mechanical properties of the product can be improved indicted.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of this type that allows properties to be improved mechanics inside a sheet, plate or strip.

Another objective of the invention is provide such a device that is capable of improving Mechanical properties in a simple way.

It is also an object of the invention to use the device according to the invention to provide plates, Enhanced metal plates and strips.

According to a first aspect of the invention, one or more of these objectives are achieved by a device for processing a sheet, plate or metal strip, which comprises a rolling mill box with a roller passage between two driven rollers, the train box being designed lamination to laminate a sheet, plate or metal strip between the rollers, device that is provided with feeding means which are designed to guide the sheet, plate or strip between rollers with an angle between 5º and 45º with respect to the perpendicular to the plane through the central axis of the rollers

Surprisingly, it has been found that at feed a sheet, plate or metal strip at an angle between Rollers of a rolling mill box shear occurs in all the thickness of the sheet, plate or strip. Also this Shear is more or less constant throughout the thickness. In first instead, this allows a grain refinement to occur throughout the thickness. During standard lamination, shearing and so Both grain refining will only occur on surfaces. Second, the shear closes the pores of the metal that they are usually formed during aluminum casting, for example. Therefore, using the device according to the invention closes pores throughout the thickness of the material. Both effects are important, mainly for relatively thick material. He shear also makes eutectic particles that can being present in the material is broken, which results in improved rigidity Therefore, the feeding means that added to the device according to the invention give as result, in a simple way, an improvement in the material that produces. Feed a plate, plate or strip at an angle too leads to rollers having an improved grip on the front of the material that is introduced, with the result that the reduction in the thickness of the material it does not have to be as large as in the standard lamination, in which the material is introduced between the rollers with an angle of 0º. Feeding with an angle too avoid or reduce the "rejection" of a sheet, when the box rolling mill does not hold the sheet because the reduction is too high.

In JP-A-57 175005 describes the inclination of the direction between the centers of the upper and lower rollers of a train box lamination in the forward direction to make possible a Stable lamination with small diameter rollers.

In addition to laminating a sheet, plate or strip made single metal or single metal alloy, the device according to the invention it can also be used to laminate a sheet, strip or plate comprising two or more layers of metal, in which case the metal layers can consist of the same alloy metal, in different metal alloys or in different metals or metal alloys.

Preferably, the feeding means is designed to introduce the sheet, plate or strip between the rollers with an angle between 10º and 25º with respect to the perpendicular with the plane through the central axis of the rollers, more preferably with an angle between 15º and 25º, and even more preferably with an angle of substantially 20 °. In the case of feed between 10º and 25º and preferably between 15º and 25º, the shear is relatively large although the angle is not so large enough to prevent feeding when the rollers pass. In In many cases, it has been found that feeding can lead to perform optimally with an angle of substantially 20 °.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the device, the feeding means comprise a surface of Food or a roller table. This allows the material to Feed easily with an angle between the rollers. They are also possible other designs of the feeding means.

Preferably, the angle between the means of Feed and rolling mill box is adjustable. This allows the angle to adapt to the thickness of the sheet, plate or strip as desired, for example if the thickness of the material assumes that a specific angle of introduction is desirable. Then yes if desired, additional lamination using the device can Continue with a different angle.

To increase the degree of shear, the rolling mill box is preferably designed in such a way that, during use, the rollers have different speeds peripheral, ascending the difference in peripheral velocity to at least 5% and at most 100%, and preferably at least 5% and as much 50%, more preferably at least 5% and at most 20%. The difference in peripheral speed is partially determined by the thickness of the material; in addition, the shear is increased to as the difference in peripheral velocity becomes greater between the rollers Higher shear is advantageous since it drives to a greater refining of the grain and an improved closing of the pores. By On the other hand, if there is a big difference in speed, there is a high risk of sliding between the rollers and the material, which It would result in irregular shearing.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the rollers have a different diameter and / or can be operated at Different rotational speeds. This makes it possible to obtain the difference in peripheral speed.

Preferably, the device is provided with one or more subsequent rolling mill boxes with rollers actuators that are located downstream of the train box lamination, as seen in the direction of lamination. This allows a sheet, plate or strip to undergo an operation of lamination two or more times without interruption, so that you can achieve a desired result more quickly using this device. Obviously, it is also possible that the material is made go through the same device twice, but this takes more time, particularly when material is being rolled of strip.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the device is designed, during use, to feed the sheet, metal plate or strip to at least one of the one or more train boxes of subsequent lamination with an angle between 5º and 45º, preferably with an angle between 10º and 25º and more preferably between 15º and 25º, the angle being preferably adjustable. As a result, in these rolling mill boxes the material is passed between the rollers at an angle, and so both undergoes shear all the thickness in these boxes of the rolling mill The result of this is that the material suffers a considerable shear in one pass through the device. The same advantages apply with respect to the train box of lamination to which the material is fed first.

Preferably, it is also true of the boxes of the subsequent rolling mill that at least one of the boxes of the subsequent rolling mill is designed in such a way that, during use, the rollers have a peripheral speed different, in which case the rollers preferably have a different diameter and / or can be operated at rotational speeds different. By also providing the train case rollers subsequent lamination of a different peripheral speed, the shear that is imparted to the material as it passes to through the device is further increased. Apply here the same statements as those made in relation to the difference of speed between the rollers of the first train box of lamination through which the material is passed.

According to a preferred embodiment, at minus one of the one or more rolling mill boxes subsequent has a roller passage that is located outside the symmetry plane of the roller passage of the train box lamination. As a result, it is easy for the material to impersonate at an angle to said rolling mill box.

It is preferable that the support rollers are arranged upstream of the one or more rolling mill boxes Subsequent, as seen in the rolling direction, for support and / or guide the sheet, plate or metal strip. These rollers of support can feed the material to the train boxes of subsequent lamination, for example, with the desired angle.

According to a preferred embodiment of a device without subsequent rolling mill boxes, the device is provided on both sides of feeding means which are designed to pass the sheet, plate or strip between the rollers with an angle between 5º and 45º with respect to the perpendicular to the plane through the central axes of the rollers, preferably with an angle between 10º and 25º, being adjustable the angle between the feeding means between 0 and 45º and being possible that the rollers are driven in both directions of rotation. With the help of this device, it is possible that the material is passed with a reciprocating movement through the device, and each time the material can be supplied with a angle between 5 and 45º and preferably between 10º and 25º and can be guided out of the device with an angle of 0º.

The metal is preferably aluminum or steel or stainless steel or copper or magnesium or titanium or one of its alloys These are metals that are used industrially and it is desirable that they have good mechanical properties.

       \ newpage
    

The invention will be explained later. based on an exemplary embodiment and with reference to the drawing attached, in which:

Figure 1 shows a highly illustrated illustration. schematic of an exemplary embodiment of a device according with the invention

The figure shows an embodiment of the device 1 with a first box 11 of the rolling mill and two Subsequent rolling mill boxes 12, 13, indicated schematically using a rectangle. Each train box of Lamination has respective rollers 11a, b, 12a, b and 13a, b. Waters above the first box 11 of the rolling mill there is a feeding surface 10 on which a supply can be supplied sheet metal 2, for example aluminum. The means to supply the sheet 2 and the means to operate the train boxes Lamination are not shown; media of this type are known for The expert in this field.

In this exemplary embodiment, the train boxes of lamination are arranged in such a way that boxes 11 and 13 of the rolling mill have a common plane of symmetry P passing through the center of their respective roller steps. The Q plane through the central axes of the rollers 11a, 11b of the box 11 of the rolling mill is perpendicular to it, as is the T plane through the central axes of the rollers 13a, 13b of the box 13 of the rolling mill.

The rolling mill box 12 has a plane S passing through the central axes of its rollers 12a, 12b, which is also perpendicular to the plane P. The plane of symmetry R a through the center of the roller passage of the train box 12 of lamination, however, is deflected upward with respect to the plane P. As a result, the sheet 2 is passed at an angle with the box 12 of the rolling mill and then at an angle with the box 13 of the rolling mill.

The feed surface 10 has an angle α with respect to the plane P, being α usually approximately 20º. The angle? Is adjustable and can adapt to the type and thickness of the material.

Rollers 15a, b 16a, b, 17a, b and 18a, support b and guide are arranged between boxes 11, 12 and 13 of the train lamination to guide sheet 2 to boxes 12 and 13 of the train lamination after it has been laminated in the train box 11 of lamination and to support it on this path.

The rollers 11a and 11b have different diameters, so that, given an identical angular velocity, they have Different peripheral speeds. The rollers 12a, 12b also they have different diameters, but in this case the difference of Size is reversed. This provision means that the shear of the sheet 2 as it passes through the boxes 11, 12 of the Rolling mill will have an inverted profile. The material that is during the pass it travels through the box 11 of the train lamination, as it was, moves backward during the pass through box 12 of the rolling mill.

In this exemplary embodiment, box 13 of the Rolling mill has rollers 13a, 13b with an identical diameter. This box laminates the sheet 2 in the usual way, but it is it is possible that the rollers 13a, 13b are provided with a speed different rotational and therefore a peripheral speed different. If the last situation applies, box 13 of the train Lamination will also contribute to shear on sheet 2.

It will be clear that the device according to The invention can be used to laminate sheets, plates and strips of different types of metal, such as steel, aluminum, steel stainless, copper, magnesium or titanium, and it is also possible to laminate two or more metal sheets resting on each other. The plates they can consist of different metals or different alloys of One with another. If necessary, they can be done on the device adjustments that are within the scope of the person skilled in the art.

The device described above and illustrated in Figure 1 results in a sheet, plate or strip that is guided therethrough and laminated by the device in the form of a spiral. It will be clear that the rolling mill boxes can also be arranged in other ways with respect to each other, that it is possible to use more or less rolling mill boxes and that the device can also be used only with the rolling mill box 11. Optionally, the rollers can also have different diameters and / or be operated at different speeds.
angularities. The support and / or the guide of the sheet, plate or strip can also be carried out using other means.

It is also possible that the surface 10 of power is replaced by other power means, such as a roller table, or a single feed roller for strip-shaped material, feed roller that has to be arranged so that the strip-shaped material is made go to the roller passage of the box 11 of the rolling mill 11 with an angle?

The invention will be explained with reference to a exemplary realization.

Experiments were carried out using plates of A7050 aluminum with a thickness of 32.5 mm. These sheets were laminated once in a rolling device with two rollers, of the which the upper roller had a diameter of 165 mm and the roller lower had a diameter of 135 mm. After lamination, the plates were 30.5 mm thick.

The plates were introduced with different angles that varied between 5º and 45º. The temperature of the plates when they were introduced into the laminating device it was approximately 450 ° C. The two rollers were driven to a speed of 5 revolutions per minute.

After lamination, the sheets had a certain curvature, which depended heavily on the angle of introduction. The Straightness of the sheet after rolling can be determined in a large extension by the angle of introduction, in whose context the optimum angle of introduction will depend on the degree of reduction in the size of the sheet, the type of material and alloy and the temperature. For aluminum sheets that have been laminated in the experiment described above, an optimal angle of introduction It is approximately 20º.

A shear angle of 20º was measured in the aluminum sheets that were laminated according to the experiment previously described. Using this measure and the reduction in sheet size, it is possible to calculate an equivalent deformation according to the following formula:

one

This formula is used to make it possible to present deformation in one dimension and it is known from the book "Fundamentals of metal forming" by R.H. Wagoner and J.L. Chenot, John Wiley & Sons, 1997.

Therefore, in the sheets that have been laminated according to the experiment, the equivalent deformation is

2

In the case of rolling with a roller ordinary, shear does not take place through the thickness of the plate and the equivalent deformation is therefore only

3

(working on the basis of a uniform deformation throughout the thickness of the license plate).

Therefore, lamination using the method of according to the invention results in a deformation equivalent that is three to four times higher than with a conventional lamination without any difference in speed peripheral High equivalent deformation means less porosity in the sheet, greater recrystallization and therefore greater grain refining, and a more intensive breakage of the particles of second phase (constituent particles) of the sheet. These effects are generally known to the expert in this field of engineering if the equivalent deformation increases. For the therefore, lamination according to the invention means that the resulting properties of the material are further improved as a result of the use of the method according to the invention.

Claims (12)

1. A device (1) for processing a metal sheet, plate or strip, comprising a rolling mill box (11) with a roller passage between two rollers (11a, b) operable, the box (11) being designed of the rolling mill for laminating a sheet, plate or metal strip between the rollers (11a, b), characterized in that the device (1) is provided with feeding means (10) that are designed to guide the sheet, plate or strip between the rollers (11a, b) with an angle between 5º and 45º with respect to the perpendicular with the plane (Q) through the central axes of the rollers (11a, b). 2. The device (1) according to the claim 1, wherein the feeding means (10) are designed to guide the sheet, plate or strip between the rollers (11a, b) with an angle between 10º and 25º with respect to the perpendicular to the plane (Q) through the central axes of the rollers (11a, b), preferably with an angle between 15º and 25º, and more preferably with an angle of substantially 20 °. 3. The device (1) according to the claim 1 or 2, wherein the feeding means (10) comprise a feeding surface or a table of rollers 4. The device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the angle between the means (10) feed and the box (11) of the rolling mill is adjustable. 5. The device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the train box (11) of Lamination is designed in such a way that, during use, the rollers (11a, b) have different peripheral speeds, ascending the difference in peripheral speed up to at least 5% and at most 100%, and preferably at least 5% and at most 50%, and more preferably at least 5% and at most 20%. 6. The device (1) according to the claim 5, wherein the rollers (11a, b) have a diameter different and / or can be operated at rotational speeds different. 7. The device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the device (1) is provided with one or more boxes (12, 13) of the rolling mill subsequent with rollers (12a, b; 13a, b) that are operable located downstream of the box (11) of the rolling mill, according to It is observed in the rolling direction. 8. The device (1) according to the claim 7, which is designed to feed the sheet, plate or metal strip, during use, with an angle between 5º and 45º, a minus one of the one or more boxes (12, 13) of the rolling mill subsequent, preferably with an angle between 10º and 25º, and more preferably between 15 ° and 25 °, the angle being preferably adjustable. 9. The device (1) according to the claim 7 or 8, wherein at least one of the one or more boxes (12, 13) of the subsequent rolling mill is designed in such so that, during use, the rollers (12a, b; 13a, b) have different peripheral speeds, preferably having rollers (12a, b; 13a, b) a different diameter and / or being possible that the rollers (12a, b; 13a, b) are driven at rotational speeds different. 10. The device (1) according to the claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein at least one of the one or more Subsequent rolling mill boxes (12, 13) have a step of rollers that is located outside the plane of symmetry of the passage of Case rollers (12, 13) of the rolling mill. 11. The device (1) according to the claim 7, 8, 9 or 10, wherein rollers (15a, b; 17a, b) of support are arranged upstream of the one or more boxes (12, 13) of the subsequent rolling mill, as observed in the rolling direction, to support and / or guide the sheet, plate or metal strip 12. The device (1) according to one of the claims 1-6, which is provided in both power media faces (10) that are designed to make pass the sheet, plate or strip between the rollers (11a, b) with a angle between 5º and 45º with respect to the perpendicular with the plane (Q) through the central axes of the rollers (11a, b), preferably with an angle between 10º and 25º, being adjustable the angle between the feeding means (10) between 0 and 45 ° and being possible that the rollers (11a, b) are driven in both directions of rotation