ES2323831A1 - Fork with flex sliding slides for speed change boxes and transfer of automobile vehicles. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Fork with flex sliding slides for speed change boxes and transfer of automobile vehicles. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2323831A1 ES2323831A1 ES200701488A ES200701488A ES2323831A1 ES 2323831 A1 ES2323831 A1 ES 2323831A1 ES 200701488 A ES200701488 A ES 200701488A ES 200701488 A ES200701488 A ES 200701488A ES 2323831 A1 ES2323831 A1 ES 2323831A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- fork
- sliding
- skates
- transfer
- gearboxes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004695 VICTREX™ PEEK Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004957 Zytel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006102 Zytel® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003223 poly(pyromellitimide-1,4-diphenyl ether) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/32—Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks
- F16H2063/324—Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks characterised by slide shoes, or similar means to transfer shift force to sleeve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/32—Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
- Transmissions By Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Horquilla con patines de deslizamiento hembra para cajas de cambio de velocidades y de transferencia de vehículos automóviles.Fork with female sliding skates for gearboxes and vehicle transfers cars
La presente invención, según se expresa en el enunciado de esta memoria descriptiva, se refiere a una horquilla con patines de deslizamiento tipo hembra para cajas de cambio de velocidades y de transferencia de vehículos automóviles, aportando notables características relevantes y ventajas técnicas frente a las que se emplean actualmente en automoción.The present invention, as expressed in the set forth in this specification, refers to a fork with sliding skids female type for gearboxes speeds and transfer of motor vehicles, providing notable relevant characteristics and technical advantages over those currently used in automotive.
El objeto de la invención es simplificar el conjunto que forman las horquillas con los patines de deslizamiento, así como aminorar los costos de fabricación de los rodetes en los que actúan los propios patines, y en definitiva conseguir un ahorro económico en la fabricación de cajas de cambio de velocidades y de transferencia de vehículos automóviles.The object of the invention is to simplify the set that form the forks with the skates of slippage, as well as reduce manufacturing costs of impellers in which the skates themselves act, and ultimately achieve economic savings in the manufacture of gearboxes of speeds and transfer of motor vehicles.
Como es sabido, las cajas de cambio utilizadas en los vehículos automóviles, permiten transformar la potencia suministrada por el motor en diferentes combinaciones de par y velocidad de giro.As is known, the gearboxes used in motor vehicles, they allow power transformation supplied by the engine in different combinations of torque and turning speed.
Por su parte, las cajas de transferencia utilizadas en los vehículos automóviles con posibilidad de tracción a las cuatro ruedas, permiten la distribución de potencia a los ejes delantero y trasero a tiempo parcial o completo, y/o la aplicación de reducción de velocidades.On the other hand, the transfer boxes used in motor vehicles with the possibility of four-wheel drive, allow power distribution to the front and rear axles part or full time, and / or the speed reduction application.
El mecanismo que permite seleccionar la relación de transmisión deseada entre el motor y las ruedas motrices, incluye básicamente conjuntos formados por horquillas y rodetes, de manera que las horquillas pueden trasladarse, bien mediante un desplazamiento longitudinal o una oscilación, y en ambos casos producen el desplazamiento de los rodetes que giran solidarios a un árbol de transmisión, de manera tal que ese desplazamiento determina sobre un piñón o corona dentada adyacente de rotación libre, en primer lugar poder igualar la velocidad de rotación del piñón con la suya propia y después hacer solidario el piñón con el eje sobre el cual se encuentran montados ambos.The mechanism that allows selecting the relationship desired transmission between the engine and the drive wheels, basically includes sets formed by forks and impellers, of so that the forks can be moved, either by a longitudinal displacement or oscillation, and in both cases they produce the displacement of the impeller rotating solidarity transmission shaft, so that this displacement determines on a cogwheel or adjacent cogwheel with free rotation, in first to be able to match the speed of rotation of the pinion with his own and then make the pinion with the shaft on which are both mounted.
El desplazamiento de la horquilla se realiza a través de un actuador, bien directa o indirectamente y que está provisto de una ranura donde actúa un dedo de mando de la palanca de cambio de la caja de cambios o de la caja de transferencia.The fork travel is done at through an actuator, either directly or indirectly and that is provided with a groove where a lever control finger acts of change of the gearbox or of the transfer box.
En la actualidad se conocen horquillas que actúan sobre un rodete tipo hembra, aplicando el esfuerzo de cambio a través de unas zonas de deslizamiento denominadas patines. Para la fabricación de rodetes se emplean técnicas de sinterizado pulvimetalúrgico y posteriormente se procede al mecanizado de la ranura o garganta del rodete, donde actuarán los patines de la horquilla. El inconveniente de este tipo de mecanismos radica en el elevado coste de fabricación del rodete.Forks are currently known that they act on a female type impeller, applying the effort of change through sliding areas called skates. Sintering techniques are used to make impeller powder metallurgical and then proceed to the machining of the groove or throat of the impeller, where the skates of the fork. The drawback of this type of mechanism lies in the high cost of manufacturing the impeller.
También existen aplicaciones en las cuales las zonas de deslizamiento son ranuras mecanizadas directamente sobre las horquillas, que son de material especialmente resistente al desgaste como aleaciones de cupro-aluminio o latones.There are also applications in which Sliding zones are mechanized grooves directly on the forks, which are made of material especially resistant to wear as cupro-aluminum alloys or Brass
El inconveniente de este concepto es el elevado coste de materia prima de la horquilla debido al alto contenido en cobre de los cupro-aluminios y latones empleados.The drawback of this concept is the high fork raw material cost due to high content in copper from copper-aluminum and brass employees.
En líneas generales, la invención se refiere a una horquilla de aleaciones ligeras con patines de deslizamiento tipo hembra para cajas de cambio de velocidades y de transferencia de vehículos automóviles, presentando como especial característica el hecho de determinar un conjunto que facilita la fabricación económica de los rodetes, debido a que éstos pueden resultar terminados directamente en el proceso de sinterizado sin necesidad de mecanizado posterior. La horquilla puede estar fabricada tanto en aleaciones ligeras como en aleaciones de aluminio o magnesio de bajo coste de materia prima y bajo coste de fabricación en célula robotizada, o incluso estar fabricada en aleación de fundición de hierro.In general, the invention relates to a light alloy fork with sliding skates female type for gear and transfer gearboxes of motor vehicles, presenting as a special feature the fact of determining a set that facilitates manufacturing economic of the impellers, because these can result terminated directly in the sintering process without need of subsequent machining. The fork can be manufactured so much in light alloys such as aluminum or magnesium alloys of low raw material cost and low cell manufacturing cost robotic, or even be made of cast alloy iron.
Por su parte, los patines de deslizamiento se realizan en material plástico con propiedades de baja fricción, resistencia al desgaste y a la temperatura, fijándose dichos patines hembra a la horquilla mediante unos ganchos previstos en aquél.For its part, the skates slip made of plastic material with low friction properties, wear and temperature resistance, fixing said female skates to the fork using hooks provided in that.
Por su parte, el rodete convencional de diseño tipo hembra pasa a ser de tipo macho, presentando una solapa de tope en lugar de una ranura o garganta, donde actuarán los patines de deslizamiento de la horquilla, quedando terminado en el proceso de sinterizado sin necesidad de mecanizado posterior.For its part, the conventional design impeller female type becomes male type, presenting a flap of butt instead of a groove or throat, where the skates will operate of sliding of the fork, being finished in the process Sintering without the need for subsequent machining.
Con respecto al conjunto o similares que se emplean en la actualidad, se consigue obtener piezas con un coste menor sin necesidad de mecanizaciones de los rodetes, ni la utilización de componentes de operaciones adicionales.With respect to the set or similar that currently used, you get parts with a cost minor without the need for mechanization of the impellers, nor the use of additional operations components.
Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva un juego de dibujos en base a los cuales se comprenderán más fácilmente las innovaciones y ventajas de la horquilla objeto de la invención.To complement the description that then it will be done and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, accompanies the present descriptive memory a set of drawings based on the which innovations and advantages will be more easily understood of the fork object of the invention.
Figura 1.- Muestra una vista según una perspectiva en explosión de la horquilla de la invención con patines de deslizamiento hembra y con rodete dotado de solapa macho.Figure 1.- Shows a view according to a exploding perspective of the fork of the invention with female and roller skates with flap end male.
Figura 2.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva ampliada de uno de los patines hembra de deslizamiento en el que se dejan ver los ganchos de fijación a la horquilla y la solapa de tope.Figure 2.- Shows a perspective view enlarged one of the female skates in which let you see the fixing hooks to the fork and the flap of stop, top, maximum as a noun, top as an adverb.
Haciendo referencia a la numeración adoptada en las figuras, se puede ver la horquilla 1 prevista para ser montada sobre un rodete 2. Dicha horquilla 1 dispone de dos brazos 3 en cuyos extremos 4 se monta un patín de deslizamiento hembra 5 que es el encargado de actuar sobre la correspondiente solapa 6 establecida al efecto en el rodete 2.Referring to the numbering adopted in the figures, you can see the fork 1 intended to be mounted on an impeller 2. Said fork 1 has two arms 3 in whose ends 4 a female sliding skate 5 is mounted which is the person in charge of acting on the corresponding flap 6 established for this purpose in impeller 2.
Los patines de deslizamiento hembra 5 están constituidos en un material plástico de baja fricción y resistente al desgaste y a la temperatura, disponiendo cada uno de ellos de una pareja de ganchos 10 para impedir el desacoplamiento del respectivo patín 5 respecto de la horquilla 1. Cada patín de deslizamiento 5 incorpora una solapa 7 para tope sobre el extremo libre 4 de los brazos 3 de la horquilla 1, incorporando además una parte saliente y cilíndrica solidaria del propio patín 5, para su montaje sobre un paso 9 previsto al efecto en la cara interna de los brazos 3 de la horquilla 1, evitando con ello que el patín de deslizamiento 5 pueda desplazarse transversalmente respecto de los extremos 4 de dicha horquilla 1.The female 5 skates are constituted in a low friction and resistant plastic material to wear and temperature, each of them having a pair of hooks 10 to prevent decoupling of the respective skate 5 with respect to the fork 1. Each skate of sliding 5 incorporates a flap 7 for stop over the end free 4 of the arms 3 of the fork 1, also incorporating a salient and cylindrical part of the skate 5 itself, for its assembly on a step 9 provided for this purpose on the inner face of the arms 3 of the fork 1, thereby preventing the skate from sliding 5 can move transversely with respect to ends 4 of said fork 1.
El material de la horquilla 1 puede ser de cualquier aleación metálica o de material plástico, mientras que el de los patines de deslizamiento 5 puede ser de material plástico que presente baja fricción y sea resistente al desgaste, como por ejemplo, y sin carácter limitativo, las poliamidas genéricas del tipo 4.6, 6.6, etc., o cualquier otro con o sin fibras de refuerzo, así como polímeros y material del tipo poliamidas o resinas de marcas comerciales como Zytel o Vespel de la casa Dupont y Peek de la casa Victrex, Ultrason de la casa Basf, todos ellos con o sin fibras de refuerzo, y en general cualquier material plástico de baja fricción, con resistencia al desgaste y resistencia a la temperatura.The material of the fork 1 can be any metal alloy or plastic material, while the of the sliding skates 5 can be of plastic material that has low friction and is resistant to wear, as per example, and without limitation, the generic polyamides of type 4.6, 6.6, etc., or any other with or without reinforcing fibers, as well as polymers and material of the polyamide or resin type of trademarks such as Zytel or Vespel from Dupont and Peek from the Victrex house, Ultrason of the Basf house, all with or without reinforcing fibers, and in general any plastic material of low friction, with wear resistance and resistance to temperature.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200701488A ES2323831B1 (en) | 2007-05-31 | 2007-05-31 | FORK WITH FEMALE SLIDING SKATES FOR SPEED AND TRANSFER GEARBOXES OF MOTOR VEHICLES. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200701488A ES2323831B1 (en) | 2007-05-31 | 2007-05-31 | FORK WITH FEMALE SLIDING SKATES FOR SPEED AND TRANSFER GEARBOXES OF MOTOR VEHICLES. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2323831A1 true ES2323831A1 (en) | 2009-07-24 |
| ES2323831B1 ES2323831B1 (en) | 2010-05-26 |
Family
ID=40852605
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200701488A Expired - Fee Related ES2323831B1 (en) | 2007-05-31 | 2007-05-31 | FORK WITH FEMALE SLIDING SKATES FOR SPEED AND TRANSFER GEARBOXES OF MOTOR VEHICLES. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2323831B1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4238012A (en) * | 1978-05-13 | 1980-12-09 | Tsuneyoshi Ohhazama | Shift fork in manual transmission |
| EP0112546A1 (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1984-07-04 | Massey-Ferguson Services N.V. | Shift fork |
| WO2005064211A1 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2005-07-14 | Schaeffler Kg | Selector fork |
| WO2005064210A1 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2005-07-14 | Schaeffler Kg | Selector fork |
| US20070006673A1 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-01-11 | Team Industries, Inc. | Transmission |
-
2007
- 2007-05-31 ES ES200701488A patent/ES2323831B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4238012A (en) * | 1978-05-13 | 1980-12-09 | Tsuneyoshi Ohhazama | Shift fork in manual transmission |
| EP0112546A1 (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1984-07-04 | Massey-Ferguson Services N.V. | Shift fork |
| WO2005064211A1 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2005-07-14 | Schaeffler Kg | Selector fork |
| WO2005064210A1 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2005-07-14 | Schaeffler Kg | Selector fork |
| US20070006673A1 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-01-11 | Team Industries, Inc. | Transmission |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2323831B1 (en) | 2010-05-26 |
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