ES2321258A1 - Operator access door for underground buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an access door for underground buildings intended to house electronic, electrical, mechanical equipment or other equipment, configured by a main body (2) and an upper cover (1). According to the invention, the access door consists of a main lid (4) configured in a single metal part with reduced weight, resistant to mechanical stress, which is collapsible toward the outside with respect to a frame (3) integrated in the upper cover (1) by means of hinging elements (8) installed on its inner face and at the inner part of the frame (3). The main lid (4) likewise comprises a closure (6) and integrates therein an auxiliary lid (5) concealing and protecting the closure (6). The access door allows the operators to easily access the inside of the building in order to perform operation or maintenance work.

Description

Operator access door for buildings underground.

Object of the invention

The present invention relates to a door of Operator access for underground buildings, which can be used for telephone applications, such as electrical transformation and / or maneuver, for installations of water pumping, gas distribution facilities and others applications.

The object of the invention consists of a door of access that allows operators to easily access the inside the building to perform the tasks of maintenance or operation of the installed equipment, conceived of such that it is resistant to mechanical stress, such as the pedestrian crossing or the passing of vehicles above it, that has a reduced weight and allows the incorporation of different closures.

Background of the invention

The underground buildings used for purposes industrial, such as telephone applications, centers of electrical transformation and / or maneuver, for installations of water pumping, gas distribution facilities, etc., are generally consisting of a body or envelope and a cover which constitutes the soil or surface on which you can transit, said covering may be covered with any type of cladding, such as pavers, tiles, etc. He set formed by envelope - cover can be of nature prefabricated or civil works, both concrete and others materials, inside of which different equipment is housed industrial, such as for electric distribution, telephone, gas or water.

These underground buildings could be classify according to the access needs of operators inside to perform maintenance tasks or operation. Thus these buildings would be classified as:

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Interior operation: those in the that the operator must access inside to execute their work

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External operation: the operators they carry out the work from outside without having to access the building interior.

The interior operation constructions they have the advantage of giving operators greater protection against atmospheric agents, and especially during the operation, make it difficult for pedestrians to access equipment installed inside.

In order to perform the operation and maintenance, these buildings usually count in their covered with an opening that closes through a door. These doors for access to operations inside the building can be constituted from a single cover or from several caps or semi-stamps. In this regard, you can cite some Examples of Patents and Utility Models, such as ES2181581, ES2157770, ES1055376 and ES1049753, where they are defined This type of doors for operator access. ES2157770 Patent describes a solution in which the access door is constituted for two semi-stamps, while in the other examples, Access door consists of a single cover.

The access door covers are consisting of several pieces, including a frame stainless steel perimeter, preferably flared and staggered, and incorporating a concrete plate inside it ferralla, of sufficient robustness to support efforts so much by the crosswalk as per the passage of vehicles above the door.

Also, the access door covers they are usually assisted by an opening and closing system automatic, for example based on hydraulic cylinders or tires that compensate for the weight of the door, so that these can be easily manipulated by operators.

On the other hand, the covers that make up the door Access are complemented with protection railings, which are folding in the closure, being hidden in the inside the building while in the opening position are folding, so that together with the door covers define a protective fence around the access opening, in order to avoid the risk of passers-by falling to inside.

The examples cited above may present accessibility problems inside the building, especially when the building is established over areas where that vehicles can circulate and in which, consequently, the structural characteristics of the access door, to support the considerable efforts to which it will be submitted, make that door is very heavy, by its own mechanical resistance, and in consequence is difficult to manipulate. For this reason, the pneumatic or hydraulic struts needed to help in the lid opening must be of high quality, since they must ensure their proper functioning for many years, which greatly increases its cost.

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On the other hand, the access doors for operators include a closure that prevents the opening of said door when the industrial equipment that contains the building It is in operation. In this sense, as defined by example in the invention patent ES2181581, usually the access doors set the closure using screws fixing, which can only be removed through a key special provided by the manufacturer itself. These screws of fixing are accessible from outside the building, so they can be exposed to external damage, as they can be acts of vandalism or atmospheric agents, and may cause the latter over time the deterioration of said screws, due for example to oxidation, and consequently make it impossible to withdraw when performing the work of operation or maintenance

Also, the access door tilts through of a hinge axis when it is subjected to the functions Opening and closing. Normally the hinges that connect the lid with The cover opening frame are exterior, so as with the closure, these hinges are exposed to external damage, problems may arise in the opening and closing the lid in the operation or maintenance.

Another drawback of this type of constructions is that the water coming from the rain can penetrate inside through the closure between the lid and the cover. To do this, the placement of gaskets that, over time, can deteriorate and lose its properties, being able to penetrate the water by inside the building, damaging electrical equipment and existing electronics.

Description of the invention

The present invention is about a door of Operator access for underground buildings, which can be used for telephone applications, such as electrical transformation and / or maneuvering, for pumping installations of water, for gas distribution facilities, etc. and that They are structured from a body that has in its part top of a roof, these buildings may be civil works or of a prefabricated nature, both concrete and others materials.

In the aforementioned cover the door of Operator access comprising a flip top cover with respect to a frame, constituted as a single piece, made in a material of reduced weight and with firm non-slip, as you can be for example a metallic material such as cast aluminum, that thanks to the reinforcement means comprising said cover, such as they can be for example transverse reinforcement ribs and / or longitudinal, in turn presents a robust enough to withstand the efforts caused by the crosswalk or even by the passage of vehicles on the same cover. This cover allows also access operators easily and work in the building interior in maintenance and operation.

Given the reduced weight of said lid, it allows use an automatic opening and closing system, which can consist for example of hydraulic or pneumatic struts, simpler and less load than necessary to open a Top weight cap as known so far. At the same time, these lower load struts are able to keep the lid on its opening position, guaranteeing the interlocking in this position, preventing any gust of wind or falling from a object may accidentally close said lid. Also, due to reduced weight of the lid, in case of deterioration of any of the props, the effort that the operator must make to make The opening and closing of the lid is minimal.

This cover or main cover incorporates a second auxiliary cover integrated in its breast, which hides and protects the less a closure of the main cover, such as a lock, a lock, etc., so that said closure cannot be object of acts of vandalism, nor be subject to atmospheric agents that can damage it. In this sense, the auxiliary cover is equipped with at least one closing element to prevent access to the closing of the main cover, this element may consist of closing on a fixing screw, for example an Allen screw. In addition, when opening the auxiliary cover, it can be totally separated from the main cover or can be attached to the main cover through the aforementioned closure element, so that with the loosening of said closing element this auxiliary cover It can be lifted and rotated, leaving free access to the closing of the main cover and avoiding the possibility of said cover assistant can get lost.

Another particularity of the access door of Operators according to this invention refers to the elements of articulation that allow the tilting of the main cover, which may consist of hinges that are installed on the part inside of the main cover, so that they are protected from external damage

Both the space between the frame and the main cover, such as the space between the latter and the lid auxiliary, are properly sealed by gaskets tightness, for example rubber gaskets, so that the introduction of water, humidity, etc, that could damage the equipment Interiors to the building, as well as closing the lid principal.

The access door for underground buildings it is complemented by a means of protection, such as a Folding and folding fence over the access door frame, so that in the open position of the lid a fence is defined of protection that prevents accidental falls of passers-by to building interior.

Description of the figures

To complement the description and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to uses preferred embodiments practice thereof, is accompanied as an integral part of said description, a set of figures in which with illustrative character and not limiting, the following has been represented:

Figure 1 - Shows a perspective view of the access door for underground buildings according to the invention in the open position, where the main cover of the access and auxiliary cover with its closing element, meeting integrated auxiliary tape in said main cover.

Figure 2 - Shows another perspective view of the access door in the open position.

Figure 3 - Shows a detail of a possible embodiment of the invention, where the lid is shown main with the auxiliary cover open to allow access to the main lid closure.

Figure 4 - Show a cover detail main with the auxiliary lid closed, ensuring the closure of said auxiliary cover by means of a closing element.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

An embodiment is described below. Preferred operator access door for buildings underground that constitutes the object of this invention.

In figure 1 a building is represented underground (12) intended to be used as a center of electrical and / or maneuvering transformation that includes in its interior electrical and electronic equipment, consisting of a body (2) and an upper deck (1), this building (12) being able to be civil or prefabricated works, both concrete and other materials.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the roof (1) of the underground building (12) comprises a door of access according to the invention, which is constituted by a cover main (4) flip outwards with respect to a frame (3) integrated in the upper deck (1), which has a firm Non-slip, it is configured in a single piece and is made in a material of reduced weight, such as a material metallic such as cast aluminum. This main cover (4) is also able to resist mechanical stress, such as by example those caused by the passage of pedestrians or even by passage of the vehicles on it, comprising for that purpose cover (4) unce transversal and longitudinal reinforcement ribs (13) that provide sufficient mechanical strength.

Also due to the reduced weight of the door, the cover (4) incorporates hydraulic or pneumatic struts (11) used to open / close the lid (4), with a lower load than the props used until today. The characteristic The reduced weight allows the door to be manipulated even without struts (11) in case of loss of gas from any of them, being in this minimum case the effort that the operator must make.

In turn, as shown in figures 1, 3 and 4, said main cover (4) comprises a second auxiliary cover (5) integrated into its breast, which hides and protects a closure (6) of the main cover (4), which according to the company electrical to which said building belongs (12), may consist either in a lock by lock or in a lock by lock, such and as shown in figure 3. Said auxiliary cover (5) is complemented with a closing element (7) accessible from the outside, which it can consist of a fixing screw, such as a Allen screw, so that by loosening it allows lift and rotate said lid (5) without it separating from the lid main (4) and thus access the closure (6). Leaving the lid closed auxiliary (5), the closure (6) is protected against possible damage external In the closed position of the access door, the tightness between the covers (4, 5), as well as between the cover main (4) and the frame (3) is guaranteed by joints (9).

On the other hand, as shown in the Figure 2, the main cover (4) comprises hinges (8), installed by the inside of the frame (3), so that They are protected from any external damage they may suffer.

Finally, as seen in the figures 1 and 2, this access door has a protection fence (10) folding and folding with respect to the frame (3), which establishes together with the main cover (4) in its open position a protective barrier that prevents accidental fall of passersby inside the building (12).

Claims (17)

1. Access door for underground buildings intended for housing electronic, electrical, mechanical or other equipment, defined by a body (2) topped on an upper deck (1), characterized in that it comprises a single main cover (4) foldable towards the exterior with respect to a frame (3) integrated in the upper cover (1), said cover (4) configured in a single piece that is provided with reinforcement means (13). 2. Access door for underground buildings according to claim 1 characterized in that the main cover (4) has articulation elements (8) installed on its inner face and by the inner part of the frame (3), protected from the outside . 3. Access door for underground buildings according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the main cover (4) is metallic. 4. Access door for underground buildings according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the main cover (4) comprises at least one closure (6). 5. Access door for underground buildings according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that it comprises an auxiliary cover (5) integrated within the main cover (4) that conceals and protects the closure (6). 6. Access door for underground buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that the auxiliary cover (5) comprises at least one closing element (7) that prevents or facilitates the closing access (6) of the main cover (4). 7. Access door for underground buildings according to claim 6 characterized in that the closing element (7) consists of a screw that partially joins the main cover (4) with the auxiliary cover (5), which in a loose position leaves free access to the closure (6) of the main cover (4) while linking the auxiliary cover (5) with the main cover (4) preventing the auxiliary cover (5) from being lost. 8. Access door for underground buildings according to claim 1 characterized in that the reinforcement means (13) consist of transverse and / or longitudinal ribs. 9. Access door for underground buildings according to claim 2 characterized in that the articulation elements (8) consist of hinges. 10. Access door for underground buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that the main cover (4) is made of cast aluminum with a non-slip surface. 11. Access door for underground buildings according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a folding and folding protection fence (10) with respect to the frame (3), which together with the main cover (4) establishes in its opening position a protective barrier that prevents accidental fall of passersby inside the building (12). 12. Access door for underground buildings according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises an automatic opening and closing system (11). 13. Access door for underground buildings according to claim 12 characterized in that the automatic opening and closing system (11) consists of hydraulic or pneumatic struts. 14. Access door for underground buildings according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that at least one sealing gasket is provided between both the cover (4) and the frame (3) and between the covers (4, 5) ( 9). 15. Access door for underground buildings according to claim 4 characterized in that the closure (6) consists of a lock by lock. 16. Access door for underground buildings according to claim 4 characterized in that the closure (6) consists of a lock by lock. 17. Access door for underground buildings according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the building (12) consists of a center of electrical transformation and / or maneuvering.