ES2303394B1

ES2303394B1 - STRUCTURE AND MODULE FOR MODULAR CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS.

Info

Publication number: ES2303394B1
Application number: ES200403005A
Authority: ES
Inventors: Antonio Pellicer Figueras; Rafael Bertomeu Casanova; Guillermo Muller Zappettini
Original assignee: ESPAIS MODULARS ECOLOGICS BIOC; ESPAIS MODULARS ECOLOGICS BIOCLIMATICS I SOSTENIBLES SL
Current assignee: ESPAIS MODULARS ECOLOGICS BIOC; ESPAIS MODULARS ECOLOGICS BIOCLIMATICS I SOSTENIBLES SL
Priority date: 2004-12-17
Filing date: 2004-12-17
Publication date: 2009-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2024-12-17
Also published as: ES2303394A1

Abstract

Estructura y módulo para la construcción modular de edificios.Structure and module for modular construction of buildings.

Comprende un armazón (1) formado por una pluralidad de perfiles horizontales inferiores (2a) y superiores (2b) conectados por una pluralidad de perfiles verticales principales (3), y una pluralidad de paneles de cerramiento interior (5) y paneles de cerramiento exterior (6), verticales, fijados al menos a dichos perfiles verticales principales (3). Además comprende una pluralidad de perfiles verticales secundarios (4) unidos por sus extremos a dichos perfiles horizontales inferiores (2a) y superiores (2b), y unos perfiles de sujeción (7) dispuestos paralelamente a los perfiles verticales secundarios (4), junto a las caras exteriores de los mismos. Unos medios de fijación están adaptados para fijar cada uno de dichos perfiles de sujeción (7) a un respectivo perfil vertical secundario (4) presionando entre ambos unos bordes verticales de dos de dichos paneles de cerramiento exterior (6) contiguos.It comprises a frame (1) formed by a plurality of lower (2a) and upper horizontal profiles (2b) connected by a plurality of vertical profiles main (3), and a plurality of enclosure panels interior (5) and exterior enclosure panels (6), vertical, fixed at least to said main vertical profiles (3). It also comprises a plurality of secondary vertical profiles (4) joined at their ends to said horizontal profiles lower (2a) and upper (2b), and clamping profiles (7) arranged parallel to the secondary vertical profiles (4), next to their outer faces. Fixing means are adapted to fix each of said clamping profiles (7) to a respective secondary vertical profile (4) by pressing between both vertical edges of two of said panels of contiguous exterior enclosure (6).

Description

Technical sector

La presente invención concierne en general a una estructura y un módulo para la construcción modular de edificios, y más en particular a una estructura que comprende un armazón de perfiles metálicos y unos paneles de cerramiento interior y exterior aptos para formar módulos mutuamente combinables para construir edificios.The present invention generally concerns a structure and a module for the modular construction of buildings, and more particularly to a structure comprising a framework of metal profiles and interior enclosure panels and exterior suitable to form mutually combinable modules for Build buildings

Prior art

Es conocido construir edificios a partir de elementos modulares preparados para ser ensamblados unos con otros. La patente ES-A-2174657 describe un edificio prefabricado modular desmontable, de utilización temporal, que no requiere obras de infraestructura para su instalación. Los elementos modulares utilizados comprenden una serie de elementos iguales que incluyen, entre otros, bastidores, paneles, barras, y juntas adaptados para ser unidos mediante tornillos para construir una gama de edificios diferentes que responden a un sistema modular ortogonal. Estos edificios pueden ser desmontados de manera que los elementos modulares que los constituyen quedan sueltos, pudiendo ser agrupados en empaques modulares que facilitan el transporte, almacenaje y mantenimiento de los mismos. Un inconveniente que presentan este tipo de edificios es que el armazón, al estar constituido por elementos unidos por sus extremos mediante tornillos, ofrece escasa resistencia lateral y es propenso a deformarse por "plegado", recayendo indebidamente sobre los paneles una parte del esfuerzo resistente al plegado.It is known to build buildings from Modular elements prepared to be assembled with each other. Patent ES-A-2174657 describes a removable modular prefabricated building, for temporary use, that does not require infrastructure works for its installation. The Modular elements used comprise a series of elements same that include, among others, racks, panels, bars, and joints adapted to be joined by screws to build a range of different buildings that respond to a modular system orthogonal. These buildings can be disassembled so that modular elements that constitute them are loose, being able to be grouped in modular packages that facilitate transport, storage and maintenance thereof. An inconvenience that present this type of buildings is that the framework, being constituted by elements joined by their ends by screws, offers low lateral resistance and is prone to warp by "folding", falling unduly on the panels a part of the effort resistant to folding.

La patente US-A-5826379 describe una estructura para edificio transportable por carretera que comprende un armazón hecho a partir de perfiles tubulares de acero soldados entre sí, incluyendo perfiles horizontales inferiores y superiores conectados entre sí por perfiles verticales. En el extremo inferior de los perfiles verticales están dispuestas unas pletinas de anclaje con agujeros para ser fijadas a unos cimientos mediante tornillos. Una pluralidad de paneles de cerramiento fijados al armazón completa el edificio. Esta estructura, sin embargo, no describe ninguna solución característica para la fijación de los paneles al armazón.The patent US-A-5826379 describes a structure for road transportable building comprising a frame made from tubular steel profiles welded together, including connected lower and upper horizontal profiles each other by vertical profiles. At the lower end of the vertical profiles are arranged anchor plates with holes to be fixed to foundations by screws. A plurality of enclosure panels attached to the frame completes the building. This structure, however, does not describe any solution. characteristic for fixing the panels to the frame.

También se conoce la técnica de fijar directamente paneles a perfiles metálicos mediante tornillos auto-roscantes o conjuntos de tornillo y tuerca. El inconveniente es que se obtienen uniones puntuales en los lugares donde se encuentran los tornillos, quedando unos tramos sin unir entre tornillo y tornillo.The technique of fixing is also known directly panels to metal profiles by screws self-tapping or screw and nut assemblies. He inconvenient is that punctual joints are obtained in places where the screws are located, leaving some sections without joining Between screw and screw.

Exhibition of the invention

La presente invención contribuye a superar los anteriores y otros inconvenientes aportando una estructura y un módulo para la construcción modular de edificios, del tipo que comprende un armazón formado por una pluralidad de perfiles horizontales inferiores y superiores conectados por una pluralidad de perfiles verticales principales, y una pluralidad de paneles de cerramiento interior y paneles de cerramiento exterior, verticales, fijados al menos a dichos perfiles verticales principales. La estructura de la presente invención está caracterizada porque comprende además una pluralidad de perfiles verticales secundarios unidos por sus extremos a dichos perfiles horizontales inferiores y superiores, y unos perfiles de sujeción dispuestos paralelamente a los perfiles verticales principales y secundarios, junto a las caras exteriores de los mismos, estando incluidos unos medios de fijación adaptados para fijar cada uno de dichos perfiles de sujeción a un respectivo perfil vertical principal o secundario, presionando entre ambos una porción de al menos uno de dichos paneles de cerramiento exterior.The present invention contributes to overcome previous and other inconveniences providing a structure and a module for the modular construction of buildings, of the type that comprises a frame formed by a plurality of profiles lower and upper horizontals connected by a plurality of main vertical profiles, and a plurality of panels of interior enclosure and exterior enclosure panels, vertical, fixed at least to said main vertical profiles. The structure of the present invention is characterized in that it also comprises a plurality of secondary vertical profiles joined by their ends to said lower horizontal profiles and upper, and clamping profiles arranged parallel to the main and secondary vertical profiles, next to the outer faces thereof, including means of fixing adapted to fix each of said profiles of subject to a respective main or secondary vertical profile, pressing between both a portion of at least one of said exterior enclosure panels.

Los mencionados perfiles horizontales inferiores y superiores, y perfiles verticales principales y secundarios tienen unas caras exteriores substancialmente enrasadas en un mismo plano. A una cara inferior de dichos perfiles horizontales inferiores están fijados unos primeros elementos de soporte que sobresalen de dicho plano, y al menos aquellos perfiles verticales principales situados en las esquinas de dicho armazón se prolongan inferiormente formando unas patas que tienen unidos unos elementos de soporte adicionales sobresalientes hacia fuera. Sobre estos primeros y segundos elementos de soporte se apoyan unas respectivas porciones de un borde inferior de los paneles de cerramiento exterior. Sobre el perfil de sujeción puede ir cualquier tipo de fijación de fachada ventilada, por ejemplo, un acabado de placas cerámicas.The mentioned lower horizontal profiles and higher, and main and secondary vertical profiles they have substantially flush outer faces in the same flat. To a lower face of said horizontal profiles lower first support elements are fixed which protrude from said plane, and at least those vertical profiles main located at the corners of said framework extend inferiorly forming legs that have joined elements Additional support protruding out. On these first and second support elements support each other portions of a lower edge of the enclosure panels Exterior. Any type of fixing of ventilated façade, for example, a plate finish Ceramics

Con esta construcción se consiguen unas uniones firmes y continuas de los paneles a los perfiles que conforman el armazón. En general, los perfiles horizontales inferiores y superiores, y perfiles verticales principales y secundarios son de igual anchura (en el sentido del grosor de la pared), por lo que también tienen unas caras interiores substancialmente enrasadas en un mismo plano sobre las que se fijan los paneles de cerramiento interior por procedimientos convencionales.With this construction you get some unions firm and continuous panels to the profiles that make up the frame. In general, the lower horizontal profiles and upper, and main and secondary vertical profiles are of equal width (in the sense of wall thickness), so they also have substantially flush inner faces in same plane on which the enclosure panels are fixed interior by conventional procedures.

Preferiblemente, los perfiles horizontales inferiores y superiores, y los perfiles verticales principales que forman el armazón están realizados a partir de tubo estructural de acero, lo que les confiere una resistencia suficiente con un peso relativamente ligero. Estos perfiles están soldados los unos a los otros por sus extremos de manera que el armazón, una vez construido, es de una pieza y resulta sumamente rígido frente a presiones laterales, es decir, tiene una buena resistencia al plegado, por lo que los paneles no se verán sometidos a tensiones extrañas para las que no están concebidos. El armazón delimita un volumen apropiado, por ejemplo, para una habitación de una vivienda, y mediante la agrupación de varios de dichos armazones se puede construir un edificio. Las dimensiones del armazón hacen que el mismo sea fácilmente transportable, por ejemplo, por carretera.Preferably, the horizontal profiles lower and upper, and the main vertical profiles that form the framework are made from structural tube of steel, which gives them sufficient strength with a weight relatively light These profiles are welded to each other. others by their ends so that the frame once built, is one piece and is extremely rigid against lateral pressures, that is, it has a good resistance to folded, so the panels will not be subject to stress strange for those who are not conceived. The framework defines a appropriate volume, for example, for a room of one housing, and by grouping several of these frameworks You can build a building. The dimensions of the frame make it is easily transportable, for example, by highway.

Los paneles pueden ser de cualquiera de los materiales habitualmente utilizados en la construcción y disponibles en el mercado. A modo de ejemplo, un material compuesto adecuado para los paneles de cerramiento interior es el cartón-yeso, por ejemplo como el comercializado bajo la marca PLADUR, y un material compuesto adecuado para los paneles de cerramiento exterior es la madera-cemento, por ejemplo como el comercializado bajo la marca BETONYP. Entre los paneles de cerramiento interior y exterior se dispone preferiblemente un material aislante térmico y acústico, tal como de lana de roca, así como las instalaciones y servicios. Las placas finales exteriores o de fachada pueden ser, por ejemplo, de un material cerámico y el espacio entre éstas y los paneles de cerramiento exterior se deja vacío.The panels can be of any of the materials commonly used in construction and available in the market. By way of example, a composite material suitable for interior enclosure panels is the plasterboard, for example as sold under the PLADUR brand, and a composite material suitable for panels of external enclosure is wood-cement, by example as marketed under the brand BETONYP. Between the interior and exterior enclosure panels are available preferably a thermal and acoustic insulating material, such as of rock wool, as well as facilities and services. Plates exterior or facade ends may be, for example, of a ceramic material and the space between them and the panels of External enclosure is left empty.

Brief description of the drawings

Las anteriores y otras ventajas y características se comprenderán más plenamente a partir de la siguiente descripción detallada de un ejemplo de realización con referencia a los dibujos adjuntos, en los que:The above and other advantages and features will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

la Fig. 1 es una vista en perspectiva de un armazón en base al cual se estructura un módulo según una estructura para la construcción modular de edificios de acuerdo con un ejemplo de realización de la presente invención;Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a frame based on which a module is structured according to a structure for modular building construction according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

la Fig. 2 es una vista en perspectiva del armazón de la Fig. 1 al que se han añadido, entre otros, unos perfiles verticales secundarios;Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the frame of Fig. 1 to which have been added, among others, some secondary vertical profiles;

la Fig. 3 es una vista parcial en perspectiva que muestra en detalle la unión de uno de dichos perfiles verticales secundarios al armazón;Fig. 3 is a partial perspective view which shows in detail the union of one of said profiles verticals secondary to the frame;

la Fig. 4 es una vista parcial en perspectiva que muestra en detalle la colocación de un panel de cerramiento exterior con la colaboración de un perfil de sujeción adicional;Fig. 4 is a partial perspective view which shows in detail the placement of a closing panel outside with the support of a clamping profile additional;

la Fig. 5 es una vista en perspectiva del armazón de la Fig. 2 al que se han añadido varios paneles de cerramiento exterior; yFig. 5 is a perspective view of the frame of Fig. 2 to which several panels of outdoor enclosure; Y

la Fig. 6 es una vista en sección transversal que muestra el montaje de los diferentes paneles que forman una pared sobre el armazón.Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view which shows the assembly of the different panels that form a wall over the frame.

Detailed description of an embodiment example

Haciendo en primer lugar referencia a la Fig. 1, en ella se muestra un armazón 1 inicial a partir del cual se realiza un módulo para la construcción modular de edificios de acuerdo con un ejemplo de realización de la presente invención. El mencionado armazón 1 está formado por unos pórticos estructurales prefabricados, y unos elementos horizontales de unión entre los pórticos para formar unas estructuras modulares en forma prismática cuadrangular. Cada una de dichas estructuras modulares constituye un módulo, y la unión de diferentes módulos se realiza, por ejemplo, por atornillado, con los respectivos pórticos adosados. Con ello, el armazón 1 queda formado por una pluralidad de perfiles horizontales inferiores 2a y superiores 2b conectados por una pluralidad de perfiles verticales principales 3. Todos estos perfiles horizontales inferiores 2a y superiores 2b y perfiles verticales principales 3 están realizados a partir de tubo estructural metálico, preferiblemente de acero, y están unidos los unos a los otros por soldadura formando un esqueleto rígido de una pieza sobre el cual serán instalados una pluralidad de paneles de cerramiento interior 5 y paneles de cerramiento exterior 6, verticales, además de otros elementos no mostrados formadores, por ejemplo, de un suelo, un techo y un tejado. En un ejemplo de realización, la estructura principal está realizada con tubo plano de acero, ya que proporciona una elevada estanquidad.Referring first to Fig. 1, it shows an initial frame 1 from which it performs a module for the modular construction of buildings of according to an embodiment of the present invention. He mentioned frame 1 is formed by structural frames prefabricated, and horizontal elements of union between the porches to form modular structures in prismatic form quadrangular. Each of these modular structures constitutes a module, and the union of different modules is done, for example, by screwing, with the respective terraced porches. With that, the frame 1 is formed by a plurality of profiles lower horizontal 2a and upper 2b connected by a plurality of main vertical profiles 3. All these lower horizontal profiles 2a and upper 2b and profiles main vertical 3 are made from tube structural metal, preferably steel, and the to each other by welding forming a rigid skeleton of a piece on which a plurality of panels will be installed interior enclosure 5 and exterior enclosure panels 6, vertical, in addition to other elements not shown forming, by example, of a floor, a roof and a roof. In an example of embodiment, the main structure is made with flat tube of steel, since it provides a high tightness.

En la Fig. 2 se muestra el armazón 1 de la Fig. 1 al que se le han añadido, entre otros, una pluralidad de perfiles verticales secundarios 4 unidos por sus extremos a dichos perfiles horizontales inferiores 2a y superiores 2b. Estos perfiles verticales secundarios 4 son auxiliares para la mencionada instalación de dichos paneles de cerramiento interior y exterior 5, 6, y complementan a los perfiles verticales principales 3 con el fin de proporcionar unos elementos de soporte adicionales para los paneles de cerramiento interior y exterior 5, 6. En la Fig. 3 se muestra en detalle la unión a testa de un extremo inferior de uno de dichos perfiles verticales secundarios 4 a un correspondiente perfil horizontal inferior 2a. La unión del extremo opuesto del perfil vertical secundario 4 a un correspondiente perfil horizontal superior 2b es completamente análoga a la descrita en relación con la Fig. 3, por lo que su descripción será omitida.Fig. 2 shows the frame 1 of Fig. 1 to which a plurality of profiles have been added, among others secondary verticals 4 joined by their ends to said profiles lower horizontal 2a and upper 2b. These profiles secondary verticals 4 are auxiliary to the aforementioned installation of said interior and exterior enclosure panels 5, 6, and complement the main vertical profiles 3 with the in order to provide additional support elements for interior and exterior enclosure panels 5, 6. In Fig. 3, it shows in detail the testa junction of a lower end of one of said secondary vertical profiles 4 to a corresponding lower horizontal profile 2nd. The junction of the opposite end of the secondary vertical profile 4 to a corresponding horizontal profile upper 2b is completely analogous to that described in relation to Fig. 3, so its description will be omitted.

Así, haciendo referencia a la Fig. 3, cada uno de los perfiles verticales secundarios 4 tiene una cara lateral abierta por la que está instalada una correspondiente pieza angular 19 que tiene una primera aleta 19a, horizontal, adosada y soldada al respectivo perfil horizontal inferior o superior 2a, 2b, y una segunda aleta 19b, vertical, adosada interiormente a una pared lateral del perfil vertical secundario 4, opuesta a su cara lateral abierta. Esta segunda aleta 19b vertical está fijada a dicha pared lateral del perfil vertical secundario 4 mediante al menos un conjunto de tornillo 20 y tuerca 21 instalado a través de unos respectivos agujeros alineados 22, 23. Obsérvese que unas caras exteriores de dicho perfil horizontal inferior 2a, perfil horizontal superior 2b, perfiles verticales principales 3 y perfiles verticales secundarios 4 están substancialmente enrasadas en un mismo plano en el que serán aplicados los paneles de cerramiento exterior. Además, a una cara inferior del perfil horizontal inferior 2a están fijados unos primeros elementos de soporte 10 que sobresalen de dicha cara exterior, o plano. Los mencionados primeros elementos de soporte 10 comprenden, para cada perfil vertical secundario 4, un par de perfiles en ángulo 11 yuxtapuestos de modo tal que unas caras de los mismos quedan separadas y enfrentadas. En el ejemplo de realización mostrado, dichas caras enfrentadas de los perfiles en ángulo 1l están substancialmente alineadas con las caras laterales del correspondiente perfil vertical secundario 4.Thus, referring to Fig. 3, each of the secondary vertical profiles 4 has a side face open by which a corresponding angular piece is installed 19 that has a first fin 19a, horizontal, attached and welded to the respective lower or upper horizontal profile 2a, 2b, and a second fin 19b, vertical, internally attached to a wall side of the secondary vertical profile 4, opposite its lateral face open This second vertical fin 19b is fixed to said wall side of the secondary vertical profile 4 by at least one screw set 20 and nut 21 installed through about respective holes aligned 22, 23. Note that faces exteriors of said lower horizontal profile 2a, profile upper horizontal 2b, main vertical profiles 3 and secondary vertical profiles 4 are substantially flush in the same plane in which the panels of outdoor enclosure. In addition, to a lower side of the profile lower horizontal 2a are fixed first elements of support 10 protruding from said outer face, or flat. The mentioned first support elements 10 comprise, for each secondary vertical profile 4, a pair of angled profiles 11 juxtaposed so that faces of them remain separated and faced. In the exemplary embodiment shown, said facing faces of the angled profiles 1l are substantially aligned with the lateral faces of the corresponding secondary vertical profile 4.

Volviendo momentáneamente a la Fig. 1, en ella se puede observar que al menos aquellos perfiles verticales principales 3 situados en las esquinas del armazón 1 se prolongan inferiormente formando unas patas 3a adaptadas para soportar la cara inferior del armazón a una cierta altura del suelo. A cada lado del perfil vertical principal 3 o pilar están dispuestos unos elementos de soporte equivalentes a los elementos de soporte 10 anteriormente mencionados para apoyar los paneles de cerramiento exterior 6.Returning momentarily to Fig. 1, in it it can be seen that at least those vertical profiles main 3 located in the corners of the frame 1 extend inferiorly forming legs 3a adapted to support the lower face of the frame at a certain height from the ground. On each side of the main vertical profile 3 or pillar are arranged about support elements equivalent to the support elements 10 previously mentioned to support the enclosure panels exterior 6.

En relación ahora con la Fig. 4 se describe la instalación de uno de los paneles de cerramiento exterior 6, el cual se aplica lateralmente sobre las caras exteriores del perfil horizontal inferior 2a, perfil horizontal superior 2b, perfiles verticales secundarios 4 y/o perfiles verticales principales 3, y con unas correspondientes porciones de un borde inferior de los paneles de cerramiento exterior 6 apoyadas sobre los primeros elementos de soporte 10, lo cual ayuda a posicionar el panel durante el montaje. Paralelamente a cada perfil vertical secundario 4, y junto a la cara exterior del mismo, está dispuesto un perfil de sujeción 7 fijado al respectivo perfil vertical secundario 4 por unos medios de fijación de manera que entre ambos quedan atrapados y presionados unos bordes verticales enfrentados de dos de dichos paneles de cerramiento exterior 6 contiguos.In relation now to Fig. 4 the installation of one of the outer enclosure panels 6, the which is applied laterally on the outer faces of the profile lower horizontal 2a, upper horizontal profile 2b, profiles secondary vertical 4 and / or main vertical profiles 3, and with corresponding portions of a lower edge of the 6 outer enclosure panels resting on the first support elements 10, which helps position the panel during assembly. Parallel to each secondary vertical profile 4, and next to the outer face thereof, a profile of clamping 7 fixed to the respective secondary vertical profile 4 by fixing means so that between them they are trapped and pressed facing vertical edges of two of said contiguous exterior enclosure panels 6.

Los mencionados medios de fijación comprenden, preferiblemente, unos conjuntos de tornillo 8 y tuerca 9 instalados a través de unos agujeros 16, 17 mutuamente alineados existentes respectivamente en los perfiles verticales secundarios 4 y perfiles de sujeción 7, y a través de un pequeño espacio de separación entre los mencionados bordes verticales enfrentados de los paneles de cerramiento exterior 6 contiguos interpuestos. Tal como se muestra mejor en la Fig. 6, los mencionados agujeros 17 provistos en el perfil de sujeción 7 están dispuestos en una primera pared del mismo enfrentada a la cara exterior del correspondiente perfil vertical secundario 4, mientras que en una segunda pared del perfil de sujeción 7, opuesta a la primera, están previstos unos agujeros de acceso 18 dimensionados para permitir el paso de al menos uno de los elementos de los conjuntos de tornillo 8 y tuerca 9 y de una herramienta de accionamiento para el apriete para el mismo. Obviamente, dichos agujeros de acceso 18 están alineados con los agujeros 17 de instalación de los conjuntos de tornillo 8 y tuerca 9. El otro de los elementos que constituyen dichos conjuntos de tornillo 8 y tuerca 9 puede ser instalado cómodamente a través de la mencionada cara lateral abierta del perfil vertical secundario 4.The mentioned fixing means comprise, preferably, screw sets 8 and nut 9 installed through existing mutually aligned holes 16, 17 respectively in the secondary vertical profiles 4 and profiles clamping 7, and through a small gap between the aforementioned facing vertical edges of the panels of exterior enclosure 6 contiguous interposed. As shown better in Fig. 6, the mentioned holes 17 provided in the clamping profile 7 are arranged in a first wall of the same facing the outer face of the corresponding profile secondary vertical 4, while in a second profile wall clamping 7, opposite to the first, holes are provided of access 18 sized to allow the passage of at least one of the elements of screw sets 8 and nut 9 and of a drive tool for tightening for it. Obviously, said access holes 18 are aligned with the Installation holes 17 of screw and nut assemblies 8 9. The other of the elements that constitute said sets of screw 8 and nut 9 can be installed comfortably through the said open side face of the secondary vertical profile Four.

El perfil de sujeción 7 y el correspondiente perfil vertical secundario 4 son de la misma dimensión lateral, por lo que las mencionadas caras enfrentadas de los perfiles en ángulo 11, yuxtapuestos, que constituyen los primeros elementos de soporte 10, quedan adosadas a las caras laterales de un extremo inferior sobresaliente del perfil de sujeción 7. El par de perfiles en ángulo 11 comprende además unos agujeros mutuamente enfrentados 12 alineados con unos correspondientes agujeros enfrentados 13 existentes en las caras laterales de dicho extremo inferior sobresaliente del perfil de sujeción 7, estando unos elementos de fijación, preferiblemente en la forma de unos conjuntos de tornillo 14 y tuerca 15, adaptados para ser instalados a través de dichos agujeros enfrentados y alineados 12, 13.The clamping profile 7 and the corresponding one secondary vertical profile 4 are of the same lateral dimension, for what the aforementioned facing faces of the angled profiles 11, juxtaposed, which constitute the first support elements 10, are attached to the side faces of a lower end protruding clamping profile 7. The pair of angled profiles 11 also comprises mutually facing holes 12 aligned with corresponding facing holes 13 existing on the side faces of said lower end projecting profile 7, being elements of fixing, preferably in the form of screw assemblies 14 and nut 15, adapted to be installed through said facing and aligned holes 12, 13.

De manera análoga a la descrita en relación con los perfiles verticales secundarios 4, paralelamente a cada perfil vertical principal 3, y junto a la cara exterior del mismo, también está dispuesto un perfil de sujeción 7 fijado al respectivo perfil vertical principal por unos medios de fijación, de manera que entre ambos queda atrapado y presionado al menos un borde vertical de uno de los paneles de cerramiento exterior 6. Para la instalación de dichos medios de fijación, por ejemplo, en forma de conjuntos de tornillo y tuerca, los perfiles verticales principales 3 incluyen unos taladros 24, 25 enfrentados que coinciden con los agujeros 17, 18 del perfil de sujeción 7, y, al igual que éstos, el taladro 25 de la pared opuesta es un taladro de acceso dimensionado para permitir el paso del tornillo o tuerca y de una correspondiente herramienta. De una manera similar se podrían instalar, si se considerara necesario, unos perfiles de sujeción horizontales enfrentados a los perfiles horizontales inferiores y superiores 2a, 2b para atrapar y presionar respectivamente los bordes longitudinales horizontales de los paneles de cerramiento exterior. En la Fig. 5 se muestran unos perfiles de sujeción 7 verticales más altos que el armazón 1 para sustentar unos paneles de cerramiento exterior adicionales 6a.In a manner analogous to that described in relation to the secondary vertical profiles 4, parallel to each profile main vertical 3, and next to the outer face thereof, also a clamping profile 7 is fixed to the respective profile main vertical by means of fixing, so that between both are trapped and pressed at least one vertical edge of one of the outer enclosure panels 6. For the installation of said fixing means, for example, in the form of sets of screw and nut, 3 main vertical profiles include opposite holes 24, 25 that coincide with holes 17, 18 of the clamping profile 7, and, like these, the bore 25 of the opposite wall is an access drill sized for allow the passage of the screw or nut and a corresponding tool. In a similar way they could be installed, if deemed necessary, horizontal clamping profiles facing the lower and upper horizontal profiles 2a, 2b to catch and press the edges respectively Horizontal lengths of the outer enclosure panels. In Fig. 5 more vertical clamping profiles 7 are shown high than frame 1 to support enclosure panels additional exterior 6a.

En la Fig. 6 se muestra en sección transversal el conjunto de elementos que constituyen una pared terminada. Además de los perfiles y paneles arriba descritos, sobre una cara interior de los perfiles verticales secundarios 4 están aplicados unos paneles de cerramiento interior 5 sujetos por medios convencionales. Sobre unas caras exteriores de los perfiles de sujeción 7 están fijados, también por medios convencionales, unos perfiles abiertos 27 adaptados para soportar cualquier tipo de fijación de fachada ventilada, por ejemplo, un acabado de placas cerámicas 28.In Fig. 6 it is shown in cross section the set of elements that constitute a finished wall. In addition to the profiles and panels described above, on one side interior of the secondary vertical profiles 4 are applied 5 inner enclosure panels held by means conventional. On outer faces of the profiles of clamping 7 are fixed, also by conventional means, about open profiles 27 adapted to support any type of fixing of ventilated façade, for example, a plate finish ceramics 28.

Un experto en la materia será capaz de introducir variaciones y modificaciones en el ejemplo de realización mostrado y descrito sin salirse del alcance de la presente invención según está definido en las reivindicaciones adjuntas.A subject matter expert will be able to introduce variations and modifications in the example of embodiment shown and described without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims attached.

Claims

1. Structure for the modular construction of buildings, of the type comprising a frame (1) formed by a plurality of lower (2a) and upper (2b) horizontal profiles connected by a plurality of main vertical profiles (3), and a plurality of interior enclosure panels (5) and exterior enclosure panels (6), vertical, fixed at least to said main vertical profiles (3), characterized in that it further comprises a plurality of secondary vertical profiles (4) joined at their ends to said lower (2a) and upper (2b) horizontal profiles, and clamping profiles (7) arranged parallel to the secondary vertical profiles (4), next to the outer faces thereof, including fixing means adapted to fix each one of said fastening profiles (7) to a respective secondary vertical profile (4) by pressing between them a portion of at least one of said outer enclosure panels r (6).

2. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer faces of said lower horizontal profiles (2a), upper horizontal profiles (2b) and secondary vertical profiles (4) are substantially flush in the same plane, and because it comprises some first support elements (10) fixed to a lower face of said lower horizontal profiles (2a), protruding from said outer face thereof, on which a portion of a lower edge of the outer enclosure panels (6) rests. .

3. Structure, according to claim 2, characterized in that said first support elements (10) comprise, for each secondary vertical profile (4), a pair of angled profiles (11) juxtaposed so that the facing faces of they are attached to the lateral faces of a protruding lower end of the corresponding clamping profile (7).

4. Structure according to claim 3, characterized in that said pair of angled profiles (11) comprises facing holes (12) aligned with corresponding facing holes (13) existing on said lateral faces of said protruding lower end of the profile of fastening (7), fixing elements being adapted to be installed through said facing holes (12, 13).

5. Structure according to claim 4, characterized in that said fixing elements comprise screw assemblies (14) and nut (15).

6. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said fixing means for fixing the clamping profiles (7) to the secondary vertical profiles (4) comprise screw (8) and nut (9) assemblies installed through of holes (16, 17) aligned respectively in the secondary vertical profiles (4) and clamping profiles (7), and between opposite vertical edges of two adjacent outer enclosure panels (6).

Structure according to claim 6, characterized in that said holes (17) of the clamping profile (7) are arranged in a first wall thereof facing said outer face of the corresponding secondary vertical profile (4), and in a second wall of the clamping profile (7), opposite the first, access holes (18) are provided, aligned with the installation holes (17) of the screw (8) and nut (9) assemblies, sized to allow the passage of at least one of the elements of the screw (8) and nut (9) assemblies and of a drive tool for tightening it.

8. Structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the secondary vertical profiles (4) have an open side face through which at least the other of the elements constituting said screw and nut assemblies (8) can be installed (9).

9. Structure, according to claim 1, characterized in that the secondary vertical profiles (4) are fixed at their end to the said horizontal lower profiles (2a) and upper horizontal profiles (2b) by means of respective angular pieces (19) installed through said open side face.

10. Structure according to claim 9, characterized in that each of said angular pieces (19) has a first fin (19a) attached and welded to the respective lower or upper horizontal profile (2a, 2b) and a second fin (19b ) internally attached to a side wall of the secondary vertical profile (4), opposite its open side face, and fixed thereto by at least one set of screw (20) and nut (21) installed through respective aligned holes (22, 23).

11. Structure according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises additional clamping profiles (7) arranged parallel to the main vertical profiles (3), next to the outer faces thereof, including fixing means adapted for fixing each of said additional clamping profiles (7) to a respective main vertical profile (3) by pressing between them at least one vertical edge of at least one of said outer enclosure panels (6).

12. Structure according to claim 11, characterized in that said main vertical profiles (3) include holes (24, 25) aligned with holes (17, 18) of the clamping profile (7) for the installation of said means of fixed-
tion.

13. Structure according to claim 11, characterized in that the outer faces of the main vertical profiles (3) are substantially flush in the same plane as the outer faces of the lower horizontal profiles (2a), upper horizontal profiles (2b) and secondary vertical profiles (4), and because at least those main vertical profiles (3) located at the corners of said frame (1) extend inferiorly on legs (3a).

14. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises open profiles (27) fixed to the outer faces of the clamping profiles (7) and adapted to support outer end plates (28).

15. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner faces of said lower horizontal profiles (2a), upper horizontal profiles (2b), main vertical profiles (3) and secondary vertical profiles (4) are substantially flush in a same plane, and because said enclosure panels (5) are fixed on said inner faces of the profiles (2a, 2b, 3, 4) by self-tapping screws.

16. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower horizontal profiles (2a), the upper horizontal profiles (2b) and the main vertical profiles (3) that form said framework (1) are made from a structural tube .

17. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said frame (1) is formed by prefabricated structural frames connected by horizontal connecting elements to form rectangular prismatic structures constituting modules adapted to be joined together. with respective attached and bolted structural frames.

18. Module for the modular construction of buildings, of the type comprising a frame (1) formed by a plurality of lower (2a) and upper (2b) horizontal profiles connected by a plurality of main vertical profiles (3), and a plurality of interior enclosure panels (5) and exterior enclosure panels (6), vertical, fixed at least to said main vertical profiles (3), characterized in that it further comprises a plurality of secondary vertical profiles (4) joined at their ends to said lower (2a) and upper (2b) horizontal profiles, and clamping profiles (7) arranged parallel to the secondary vertical profiles (4), next to the outer faces thereof, including fixing means adapted to fix each one of said fastening profiles (7) to a respective secondary vertical profile (4) by pressing between them a portion of at least one of said outer enclosure panels (6).