ES2300194A1 - Gauge for construction of brick walls, has small metallic armor with two longitudinal rods and two transversal rods, where armor supported on each brick wall acts as washer - Google Patents

Gauge for construction of brick walls, has small metallic armor with two longitudinal rods and two transversal rods, where armor supported on each brick wall acts as washer Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2300194A1
ES2300194A1 ES200601829A ES200601829A ES2300194A1 ES 2300194 A1 ES2300194 A1 ES 2300194A1 ES 200601829 A ES200601829 A ES 200601829A ES 200601829 A ES200601829 A ES 200601829A ES 2300194 A1 ES2300194 A1 ES 2300194A1
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Prior art keywords
brick
armor
rods
bricks
construction
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ES200601829A
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ES2300194B1 (en
Inventor
Laura Martinez Fernandez
Ruben Martinez Fernandez
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
    • E04F21/18—Implements for finishing work on buildings for setting wall or ceiling slabs or plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
    • E04G21/1841—Means for positioning building parts or elements

Abstract

The gauge has small metallic armor with two welded longitudinal and transversal rods. The armor supported on each brick wall acts as a washer for bricks to predetermine the thickness of mortar layer for fixing the bricks. The holes of constant thickness are produced horizontally and vertically in the brick wall. The longitudinal rods of the armor have an orthogonal curve in both ends and are further attached to another set of transversal rods placed between adjacent bricks of the same line.

Description

Calibrador para la construcción de muros de ladrillo cara-vista.Calibrator for the construction of walls face-view brick.

Objeto de la invenciónObject of the invention

La presente invención se refiere a un calibrador que ha sido especialmente concebido para la construcción de muros a base de ladrillos que van a mostrar tras la confección del muro, al menos una de sus caras, muros en los que los citados ladrillos quedan contrapeados y muestran a su vez entre si llagas de unión tanto horizontales como verticales.The present invention relates to a calibrator which has been specially designed for the construction of walls brick base that they will show after the preparation of the wall, at minus one of its faces, walls in which the said bricks they are counterbalanced and in turn show each other sores both horizontal and vertical.

El objeto de la invención es conseguir un perfecto posicionamiento relativo entre ladrillos y en especial llagas perfectamente homogéneas, de anchura constante, sin necesidad de personal altamente especializado.The object of the invention is to achieve a perfect relative positioning between bricks and especially perfectly homogeneous sores, of constant width, without Need for highly specialized staff.

Es también objeto de la invención reforzar paralelamente la estructura del muro y facilitar su construcción acelerando el proceso de calibración.It is also the object of the invention to reinforce in parallel the structure of the wall and facilitate its construction Accelerating the calibration process.

Aunque la invención resulte especialmente aplicable a muros de ladrillo cara-vista, es evidente que puede ser aplicada también a cualquier otro tipo de muro, a base de diferentes tipos de bloques o piezas cerámicas, siempre y cuando éstas vayan a mostrar al menos una de sus caras y entre ellas deban definirse llagas también vistas.Although the invention is especially Applicable to face-view brick walls, it is Obviously it can also be applied to any other type of wall, based on different types of blocks or ceramic pieces, as long as these are going to show at least one of their faces and Among them, sores must also be seen.

La invención se sitúa en el ámbito de los materiales para la construcción, y más concretamente de los materiales metálicos tipo ferralla.The invention falls within the scope of building materials, and more specifically of the Ferralla metal materials.

Antecedentes de la invenciónBackground of the invention

En el ámbito preferente de aplicación práctica de la invención, el de los muros a base de ladrillos cara-vista, a partir de una cimentación apropiada, los ladrillos se sitúan formando hiladas superpuestas, en las que los ladrillos de cada hilada quedan convenientemente distanciados entre sí, mediante la aplicación de mortero de hormigón, constituyendo cortas llagas verticales, a la vez que los ladrillos de hiladas adyacentes quedan contrapeados es decir con una distribución a tresbolillo, definiendo también entre ellos llagas con el concurso de la capa de mortero a través de la que cada ladrillo asienta sobre los dos inferiores.In the preferred scope of practical application of the invention, that of brick-based walls face-sight, from an appropriate foundation, the bricks are located forming overlapping courses, in which the bricks of each course are conveniently distanced each other, by applying concrete mortar, constituting short vertical sores, while the bricks of adjacent courses are counterbalanced, that is to say with a distribution to tresbolillo, also defining among them sores with the mortar layer contest through which each Brick sits on the lower two.

Por obvias razones de estética, en este tipo de muros de ladrillo cara-vista los citados ladrillos deben quedar perfectamente posicionados en orden a determinar entre ellos ranuras de anchura constante, es decir que la capa de mortero debe ser uniforme para que las llagas definidas entre ellos sean también uniformes.For obvious aesthetic reasons, in this type of brick walls face-view the aforementioned bricks they must be perfectly positioned in order to determine between they slots of constant width, that is the mortar layer it must be uniform so that the sores defined between them are also uniforms.

En la práctica y hasta el momento los resultados de esta operación constructiva son función exclusivamente de la habilidad del albañil que coloca los ladrillos, por lo que para conseguir unos buenos resultados se requiere de personal altamente cualificado y con mucha experiencia, lo que repercute negativamente a nivel de costos.In practice and so far the results of this constructive operation are a function exclusively of the bricklayer's ability to lay the bricks, so stop achieving good results requires highly qualified staff qualified and experienced, which has a negative impact at the cost level.

Por otro lado y ante ligeros movimientos debidos al normal asentamiento de la cimentación, es relativamente frecuente que en el muro puedan aparecer pequeñas grietas, que sin afectar a la resistencia estructural del mismo repercuten de forma muy negativa en su estética.On the other hand and before slight movements due to the normal foundation settlement, it is relatively small cracks may appear on the wall, which without affect the structural resistance of the same impact in a way Very negative in its aesthetics.

Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention

El calibrador que la invención propone resuelve de forma plenamente satisfactoria la problemática anteriormente expuesta, en los dos aspectos comentados.The calibrator proposed by the invention resolves in a fully satisfactory way the problem previously exposed, in the two aspects commented.

Para ello y de forma más concreta dicho calibrador se materializa en una pequeña armadura metálica, que en su versión más simple está constituida por dos varillas longitudinales y otras dos trasversales, pero que preferentemente presentará un acodamiento ortogonal en uno de los extremos de las varillas longitudinales, y una tercera varilla trasversal en correspondencia con dichos acodamientos, armadura que en cualquier caso presenta una longitud y una anchura próximas a las de los ladrillos con los que ha de colaborar, de manera que sobre cada ladrillo se establece, antes de aportar al mismo la correspondiente masa de mortero, una armadura metálica que actúa como distanciador o calibrador al cargar sobre él el ladrillo de la hilada siguiente, de manera que el distanciamiento entre ladrillos vienen determinado por el espesor de la armadura metálica, y en el caso de que ésta cuente con un acodamiento ortogonal en uno de sus extremos, viene también determinado por la propia armadura el distanciamiento entre ladrillos en sentido longitudinal, es decir entre dos ladrillos adyacentes y pertenecientes a una misma hilada.To do this and more specifically said caliper materializes in a small metal armor, which in its simplest version consists of two rods longitudinal and two other transverse, but preferably present an orthogonal bending at one of the ends of the longitudinal rods, and a third transverse rod in correspondence with these couplings, armor than in any case has a length and width close to those of bricks with which to collaborate, so that on each brick is established, before contributing to it the corresponding mortar mass, a metal armor that acts as a spacer or gauge when loading the brick of the next course on it, so that the distance between bricks is determined by the thickness of the metal reinforcement, and in the case that it have an orthogonal bending at one of its ends, it comes also determined by the armor itself the distance between bricks in the longitudinal direction, that is between two bricks adjacent and belonging to the same course.

Lógicamente la existencia de estos calibradores hace que todas las llagas resulten de la misma anchura sin necesidad de controlar la cantidad de mortero aportada, ya que basta con golpear sobre cada ladrillo hasta la expulsión lateral de la pasta, hasta el momento en el que dicho ladrillo apoya sobre la cara superior de la armadura.Logically the existence of these calibrators makes all sores the same width without need to control the amount of mortar provided, since just hit on each brick until the lateral expulsion of the paste, until the moment when said brick rests on the upper face of the armor.

Paralelamente en la masa de mortero queda embebida la citada armadura metálica, que actúa como nexo de unión entre ladrillos longitudinalmente adyacentes, lo que potencia considerablemente la resistencia del muro al actuar el calibrador, tras cumplir su función como tal, como armadura general del muro en su conjunto.Parallel to the mortar mass is embedded said metal armor, which acts as a link between longitudinally adjacent bricks, which powers considerably the resistance of the wall when acting the calibrator, after fulfilling its function as such, as general wall armor in as a whole

Lógicamente utilizando armaduras metálicas con diferentes diámetros en sus varillas, pueden conseguirse llagas de diferentes espesores, pero manteniendo en cualquier caso una perfecta homogeneidad.Logically using metal armor with different diameters on their rods, sores of different thicknesses, but maintaining in any case a perfect homogeneity.

Descripción de los dibujosDescription of the drawings

Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization of it, is accompanied as an integral part of said description, a set of drawings where with character Illustrative and not limiting, the following has been represented:

La figura 1.- Muestra, según una vista en perspectiva, un calibrador para la construcción de muros de ladrillo cara-vista realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la presente invención, y de acuerdo con la variante de realización más simple para el mismo.Figure 1.- Shows, according to a view in perspective, a gauge for building walls of face-view brick made in accordance with the object of the present invention, and in accordance with the variant of simplest realization for it.

La figura 2.- Muestra según una perspectiva similar a la de la figura anterior, el calibrador en su versión mas completa.Figure 2.- Shows according to a perspective similar to the one in the previous figure, the calibrator in its most complete.

La figura 3.- Muestra, finalmente, un detalle parcial en perspectiva de un muro de ladrillo cara-vista, en fase de construcción y con la utilización del calibrador que la invención propone.Figure 3.- Shows, finally, a detail partial perspective of a brick wall face-view, under construction and with the use of the calibrator that the invention proposes.

Realización preferente de la invenciónPreferred Embodiment of the Invention

A la vista de las figuras reseñadas puede observarse como el calibrador que se preconiza en su versión más simple está constituido por una pareja de varillas longitudinales (1) y una pareja de varillas trasversales (2), que se cruzan y se fijan entre sí mediante soldadura, configurando una pequeña armadura metálica cuya longitud y anchura como anteriormente se ha dicho, se aproximan a las del tipo de ladrillo (3) al que se destine el calibrador, ladrillo (3) sobre el que se dispondrá la citada armadura, como se verá mas adelante.In view of the figures outlined you can be observed as the calibrator that is recommended in its version more simple consists of a pair of longitudinal rods (1) and a pair of transverse rods (2), which intersect and fix each other by welding, setting up a small metal armor whose length and width as previously said, they approximate those of the type of brick (3) to which it is intended  the calibrator, brick (3) on which the aforementioned will be arranged armor, as will be seen later.

En una versión más eficiente, la mostrada en la figura 2, las varillas longitudinales (1') son algo mas largas e incorporan un acodamiento ortogonal (4) en correspondencia con uno de sus extremos, y con las varillas transversales (2) colabora una tercera varilla transversal (2') situada sobre los citados acodamientos ortogonales (4), pero manteniendo esta armadura las mismas dimensiones en planta que en el caso anterior en relación con los ladrillos (3) a los que se destina.In a more efficient version, the one shown in the Figure 2, the longitudinal rods (1 ') are somewhat longer and incorporate an orthogonal bend (4) in correspondence with one of its ends, and with the transverse rods (2) a third transverse rod (2 ') located above those orthogonal couplings (4), but maintaining this armor the same dimensions in plan as in the previous case in relation to with the bricks (3) to which it is intended.

Como se deduce de lo anteriormente expuesto el espesor de cualquiera de estas dos armaduras viene de terminado por la suma de dos diámetros correspondientes a las varillas (1-2) utilizadas, y si el calibrador o armadura se sitúa sobre la cara superior de un ladrillo (3), durante la fase de construcción del muro, tal como muestra la figura (3), dicha armadura sirve como distanciamiento entre el citado ladrillo (3) y los ladrillos superiores que deben ubicarse sobre él, de manera que presionando el ladrillo superior hasta que éste contacta con la armadura (1-2), el espesor resultante de la capa de mortero aportada es fijo y preestablecido, el determinado por el grosor de la armadura, con lo que se consigue que las llagas del muro sean perfectamente homogéneas, es decir de anchura constante y preestablecida.As deduced from the above, the thickness of either of these two reinforcements comes from finished by the sum of two diameters corresponding to the rods (1-2) used, and if the caliper or armor is placed on the upper face of a brick (3), during the phase of construction of the wall, as shown in figure (3), said armor serves as a distance between said brick (3) and the upper bricks that must be placed on it, so that pressing the upper brick until it contacts the armor (1-2), the resulting thickness of the layer of Mortar provided is fixed and preset, determined by the thickness of the armor, so that the sores of the wall are perfectly homogeneous, that is to say of constant width and preset

Cuando la armadura o calibrador cuenta con los acoplamientos ortogonales (4) anteriormente citados, estos últimos, conjuntamente con la varilla transversal (2') soldada los mismos, apoyará sobre la cara lateral de uno de los extremos de ladrillo (3) correspondiente, actuando como distanciador entre ladrillos sucesivos de una misma hilada, lo que asegura a su vez que las llagas verticales (6) sean también de espesor constante, concretamente del mismo espesor que las llagas horizontales (5).When the armor or caliper has the orthogonal couplings (4) mentioned above, the latter, together with the transverse rod (2 ') welded thereto, rest on the side face of one of the brick ends (3)  corresponding, acting as a spacer between bricks successive of the same course, which in turn ensures that the vertical sores (6) are also of constant thickness, specifically of the same thickness as the horizontal sores (5).

Se consigue de esta manera no sólo un perfecto acabado para el muro de ladrillos cara-vista, sino que la construcción del muro resulte considerablemente más rápida y sencilla, no necesitando de personal excesivamente especializado.You get this way not only a perfect finished for face-view brick wall, but make the construction of the wall considerably faster and simple, not needing excess staff specialized.

A la vez y de acuerdo con el segundo objetivo de la invención, cada armadura o calibrador va a actuar como puente metálico de unión de ladrillos adyacentes, determinando un acusado incremento en la resistencia mecánica del muro en su conjunto.At the same time and in accordance with the second objective of the invention, each armor or gauge will act as a bridge metal joining adjacent bricks, determining a defendant increase in the mechanical strength of the wall as a whole.

Claims (3)

1. Calibrador para la construcción de muros de ladrillo cara-vista, en los que en dichos ladrillos forman hiladas longitudinales y superpuestas y en los que cada ladrillo se relaciona con los adyacentes mediante capas de mortero de hormigón que determinan llagas horizontales y verticales, caracterizado porque está constituido mediante una pequeña armadura metálica en la que participan dos varillas longitudinales (1) y al menos dos varillas trasversales (2), fijadas entre sí mediante soldadura, siendo la longitud y anchura de dicha armadura próxima pero inferior a las dimensiones correspondientes del tipo de ladrillo al que se destina, constituyendo un separador entre ladrillos (3) superpuestos, que asegura un espesor constante para la capa de mortero y, consecuentemente, una anchura también constante para las llagas tanto horizontales (5) como verticales (6).1. Calibrator for the construction of face-view brick walls, in which said bricks form longitudinal and overlapping courses and in which each brick is related to the adjacent ones by concrete mortar layers that determine horizontal and vertical sores, characterized because it is constituted by a small metal reinforcement in which two longitudinal rods (1) and at least two transverse rods (2) participate, fixed to each other by welding, the length and width of said reinforcement being close but less than the corresponding dimensions of the type of brick to which it is intended, constituting a separator between superimposed bricks (3), which ensures a constant thickness for the mortar layer and, consequently, also a constant width for both horizontal (5) and vertical (6) sores. 2. Calibrador para la construcción de muros de ladrillo cara-vista, según reivindicación 1ª, caracterizado porque las citadas varillas longitudinales (1') presentan en uno de sus extremos un acodamiento ortogonal (4), en correspondencia con el cual se establece una varilla trasversal (2'), de manera que dichos acodamientos (4) y varilla transversal (2') actúan como distanciadores entre ladrillos adyacentes de una misma hilada.2. Calibrator for the construction of face-view brick walls, according to claim 1, characterized in that said longitudinal rods (1 ') have at one of their ends an orthogonal bending (4), in correspondence with which a rod is established transverse (2 '), so that said couplings (4) and transverse rod (2') act as spacers between adjacent bricks of the same course. 3. Calibrador para la construcción de muros de ladrillo cara-vista, según reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque el diámetro de las varillas (1-1'), (2-2') es acorde con el distanciamiento previsto entre ladrillos (3) adyacentes, o lo que es lo mismo, con la anchura prevista para las llagas (5-6).3. Calibrator for the construction of face-exposed brick walls, according to previous claims, characterized in that the diameter of the rods (1-1 '), (2-2') is in accordance with the expected spacing between adjacent bricks (3), or what is the same, with the width foreseen for the sores (5-6).
ES200601829A 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 CALIBRATOR FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF CARA-VISTA BRICK WALLS. Withdrawn - After Issue ES2300194B1 (en)

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ES200601829A ES2300194B1 (en) 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 CALIBRATOR FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF CARA-VISTA BRICK WALLS.

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ES200601829A ES2300194B1 (en) 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 CALIBRATOR FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF CARA-VISTA BRICK WALLS.

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108222449A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-06-29 江苏阿尔博装饰工程有限公司 A kind of vertical automatic Wall brick device of construction

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2527985A (en) * 1946-07-15 1950-10-31 Paul M Burroway Building block spacer
US2669116A (en) * 1950-06-09 1954-02-16 Glass Block Spacer Guide Inc Bearing and spacing guide member for glass block panel construction
US3196581A (en) * 1962-03-23 1965-07-27 Castelli Deno Gage element for masonry construction
US4334397A (en) * 1980-04-25 1982-06-15 Hitz George R Masonry structure and apparatus and process for spacing block in the structure
US5231815A (en) * 1990-07-13 1993-08-03 Colen William J Wall construction and spacer for use therewith
WO2002090688A1 (en) * 2001-05-03 2002-11-14 Hewson K Bricklaying device
US6553737B1 (en) * 2002-05-03 2003-04-29 Thomas J. Berg Method and apparatus to achieve consistent spacing between layers of modular construction material

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2527985A (en) * 1946-07-15 1950-10-31 Paul M Burroway Building block spacer
US2669116A (en) * 1950-06-09 1954-02-16 Glass Block Spacer Guide Inc Bearing and spacing guide member for glass block panel construction
US3196581A (en) * 1962-03-23 1965-07-27 Castelli Deno Gage element for masonry construction
US4334397A (en) * 1980-04-25 1982-06-15 Hitz George R Masonry structure and apparatus and process for spacing block in the structure
US5231815A (en) * 1990-07-13 1993-08-03 Colen William J Wall construction and spacer for use therewith
WO2002090688A1 (en) * 2001-05-03 2002-11-14 Hewson K Bricklaying device
US6553737B1 (en) * 2002-05-03 2003-04-29 Thomas J. Berg Method and apparatus to achieve consistent spacing between layers of modular construction material

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108222449A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-06-29 江苏阿尔博装饰工程有限公司 A kind of vertical automatic Wall brick device of construction

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