ES2282010A1 - Automatic system for accountants, expenditure management and transformation center management, has digital accounts, transformation center subsystems and transforming distribution substation, combined by uninterrupted communications system - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has digital accounts (9,10), transformation center subsystems (11,13,15) and transforming distribution substation (6), combined by an uninterrupted communications system through the electrical lines of average tension (7) as well as low tension (8). The electrical lines reach for controlling step by modern correspondents and utilized as potential energy without depending on any communication system.

Description

System for automatic meter reading, load management and transformation center management.

The present invention relates to a new system for automatic meter reading, load management and transformation center management, in the middle and low lines tension, that is the purpose of this invention is a system Comprehensive measurement and management of network telecontrol contracts of distribution.

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Background of the invention

The known and used systems Currently, they are very varied, but none of them can control together, and at the same time, in combination Simultaneous, the contract management of the accountants, the Control of the transformation centers and the consumption measurement of the electricity, that is, there are meters to measure consumption, there are controllers of the transformation centers and there is a hiring manager with customers.

All of this is well known without need to make specific mention of these provisions, for considering them in the public domain.

That is to say that there are reading systems of counters and control of transformation centers, but the This invention is a unique system for the control of transformation center, meter reading, and the contract management, powers and customer rates.

Description of the invention

The new system for automatic reading of accountants, load management and center management transformation, is achieved from a substation to the consumer of the current, both in their own homes and in the factories and all this through the provision of some subsystems in the units of transformation centers that have, in turn communications management teams, and supervision modules and control, in combination with both digital end counters be single phase or three phase, as well as with the substation, and all this by means of the corresponding modems that puts the whole system in communication to control both the step, consumption, power, etc. of system electricity.

For this whole system to enter operation it is necessary that the installation has in combination:

a) Subsystem, energy measurement: It is composed of a set consisting of single-phase digital (3) counters (for residential customers) and digital accountants (4) three-phase (industrial / commercial customers) class 1 and with communication via the low voltage network or PLC) (8) in the A band of Cenelec reserved for the exclusive use of companies electric.

b) Transformation center subsystem: That It consists of: 1) Communications Manager (11) with a Supervision and control module (13) that incorporates a modem Medium Voltage, with an inductive coupling (14), as well as a capacitive coupling

c) Transformer Substation Unit Cast (6): It consists of another concentrating team that performs the functions of concentrating the data that comes from the units of the Transformation Centers (1-2), the processing and processing thereof, their conversion to the format used by the company's computer and management systems electric system to explode.

In order for this whole system to be in combination, that is to say, all of them together and controlled, it is necessary that said system has an own and characteristic communications system integrated, which works in the band defined as "A" in the CENELEC band ( EN 500659), which is reserved for the exclusive use of electric companies. Following the EN50065 standard, it performs phase modulation (BPSK, binary digital phase modulation), so the information is modulated so that it can travel through the cables and demodulated to obtain the original information again. So that all interested parties and that have been indicated in the system that is measured and controlled, are in communication so that their functions can be controlled and modified according to the interest, even being able to make, cuts, repositions, limitations of power, etc. by the supplier of the current from the control panel (6), the customer cannot change the conditions of the supply " on line ".

All this allows the network load management: With this provision it is possible for the energy supplier limit the energy available for each customer, to avoid tips in consumption, knowing the capacity of the network.

Specifically the invention is found constituted by the provision of a new system for reading automatic counters, load management and center management transformation, in the medium and low voltage lines, by means of combined arrangement of the following elements:

a) Energy measurement subsystem (3) - (4) and (5). It consists of a set consisting of digital counters single-phase (9) for residential customers (3) - (4) and for accountants 3-phase digital (10) for industrial / commercial customers (5) and with communication via the low voltage network (8), in the A band of CENELEC reserved for the exclusive use of companies electric.

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- The single phase counter (9) incorporates in the own equipment, in addition to the functions of the measure of energy a feeder, a clock synchronized by the subsystem of communications and the ability to make cuts and repositions of service by means of an internal relay up to 60A. It has a optical communications port according to UNE-EN standard 61107 for local reading through a portable reading terminal  (TPL), which uses the current standardized protocol.

- Three-phase counters (10), whose communications are made through the same band (8) of the case previous.

b) Subsystem of the Units of Centers of Transformation: Which in turn is constituted by the combination of the following equipment:

- Communications Management Team (11), this is of a team whose main function is to make an interrogation Continuous measurement equipment hanging from a center transformation (1) - (2). As well as store measurement data received from counters (9) and (10) and discharge management, low rates and powers of customers (3) - (4) - (5).

- Supervision and control module (13), this is of a team that performs the following functions: 1. Execution of maneuvers on breakers 2. Capture of the indicator inputs of the position of the breakers and the presence of voltage 3. Capture of alarm signals 4. Incorporation of automatisms of fault isolation and replacement of the service 5. Sending the signals captured to the communications manager (11) for sending after dispatch (6).

- Medium Voltage modem which is in The interior of the communication management team. Its function is communicate each unit of the Transformation Center (1) with which are close (2) and perform the function of signal repeater to the substation unit transformer (6) in order to guarantee operation with independence of the installation topology.

- Inductive or capacitive coupling (14) that it is the one that injects the signal in grid of earth of the network (7) of medium voltage and its most significant characteristic is that of no require any download for installation.

c) Transformer Substation Unit Cast (6): It consists of another concentrating team that performs the functions of concentrating the data that comes from the units of transformation centers (1) - (2), processing and treatment of them, their conversion to the format used by the systems electrical companies and network management electric system to explode.

Once described the different equipment or parts of the new control system and measurement meter reading in the distribution of the electric current object of the present invention, we will describe the novel operation of themselves, which come to produce the novel advantages in these control, measurement and reading systems and in this regard we have:

Measurement management: The system will identify each measurement point and will automatically register it as soon as how the counters (9) - (10) are connected, without any additional intervention The communications management team (11), will interrogate the accountants (9) (10) periodically and execute the orders of action (cut, reset, power control hired, etc.) sent by the system manager (11). Additionally, the communications management team (11) of the center of transformation (1) - (2) will synchronize the clocks of all equipment (13) (for measurement and supervision / control) found under your dependence.

As for the storage of data from measure, each counter (9) - (10) will keep its own in memory non-volatile regardless of whether they are found duplicates in the memory of the hub (11) of the center of transformation, which guarantees excellent redundancy of the system. Finally, the concentrator team (11) will be susceptible of being fed from the continuous battery if the there will be.

Remote Control Management: It has some inputs and outputs, which to read and act on the breakers of the transformer (12) The communications manager (11) is responsible for send this information to the office (6) who, with the information from the remaining transformation centers (1) - (2), determines the section of circuit or center in which find the fault and maneuver the breakers so that it be isolated and the service is replenished to the maximum number of customers (3. 4. 5).

The supervision and control module (13) receives the command orders to be made on the breaker from the manager of communications (11) and activates the outputs according to the order received

The team has a set of tickets digital to capture both breaker position and status presence or absence of tension, as well as all indications alarm generated in the installation and must reach the office.

Also, this system has the logic necessary to be part of the automation of Missing (with fault detection in some line and subsequent absence voltage insulation is performed on the fault line) and Service Restoration (in case of lack of tension by the usual supply in facilities with more than one supply, switch to another alternative supply). Both automatisms can Leave out of service.

Measuring Equipment: The system will use as describe above the single-phase (9) and three-phase counters (10) Both incorporate a PLC modem that allows communication bidirectional through the low voltage network. The accountants single-phase (9) integrate a relay that allows disconnecting / reconnecting to the customer, control the power consumed and cut if it exceeds to the contracted power, very useful application in some markets including Spanish, where the consumption of residential customers (3) - (4) is controlled by a power control switch (I.C.P.). Both models comply with IEC standards 62052-11, 62053-21 (active) and 62053-23 (reactive), formerly known as IEC 61036 and 61268, as well as all regulations regarding compatibility Electromagnetic (EMC), they incorporate a feeder and in the case of three-phase model a recorder with capacity of 8 channels and a depth of 4096 records.

Communications Manager (11) or hub transformation center: Overview: Figure 2 shows the general scheme and its connection to the transformation center (1) - (2) and other optional elements.

The communications management team (11) has of 5 interfaces for low voltage lines (PLC), band A. The interfaces called average PLC A (16) and average PLC B (17), connected to two medium voltage lines (8) of the Center of Transformation (1), allow the communication of the manager of communications (11) with the central station (6), either directly or through other communications managers (11) arranged in another intermediate Transformation center (2).

The interfaces called low PLC (18), PLC low (19) and low PLC (20), connected to the low voltage lines (8) of the transformation center (1), allow communication of the communications manager (11) with counters (9) - (10), (maximum 800) connected to these lines.

Characteristics of PLC lines

a) the low lines (18), (19) and (20) have a operating architecture: master / slave. Corresponding to communications management team (11) the role of teacher and Counters (9) - (10) that of slaves.

b) the middle lines (16) and (17) have a operating architecture: master / slave. Corresponding to the Central (6) the role of teacher and the management teams of communication (11) that of slaves.

Low network functional specification

A) Operational functions: a.1) Maintenance: i) Synchronization, periodic transmission and after a network failure, from Date-Time to all Counters (9) - (10). ii) High, periodic detection (programmable period) of Counters (9) - (10) connected to the network for the first time. iii) Low, produced by: Central Order (6) or for maximum time without communication (programmable). iv) Test, periodic (programmable period) verification of the communication status and clock of the Counters (9) - (10). b.1) Alarms, alarms generate incidents that are recorded along with the date and time they occur. Types of alarms: i) Network failure. ii) Intrusism. c.1) Own functions: i) Reading data from the Counters (9) - (10) and from the Local Counter, periodically reading the following data: - (Active energy, Inductive reactive energy, Capacitive reactive energy, Maximeter) * (Number of rates + 1) and - These data correspond to current values (at the time of communication) and values of the last closing. ii) Reading of hourly load, reading only if requested by the Central (6) through a specific order. iii) Rate programming is an option. iv) Rate Change is an option. v) Statistics, communications failures, classified in periods of 1 or 2 hours. di) Local: i) Configuration of the communications management team (11): - High detection period, from 10 in 10 minutes to a maximum of 24 hours (default value 1 hour). - Low period, from day to day up to a maximum of 99 days (default value 99 days). - Test period, from 10 in 10 minutes to a maximum of 24 hours (default value 1 hour). - Time to read data from the Counters (9) - (10) and from the Local Counter, fixed period of
24 hours.

Media network functional specification

a) Functions of the network, equipment Communications managers (11) have the following capabilities Retransmission: a.1) Retransmission in case of means of discontinuous communication a.2) Relay in case of equipment communications manager (11) remote, allows to reach higher distances using an intermediate Communications Manager (11) to retransmit the orders from the Central (6) to a manager of communications (11) remote and vice versa.

b) Operational functions: a.1) Maintenance: i) Synchronization, change of date and time of the Communications Manager (11), individual order received from the Central (6). ii) High, periodic detection of Communications Manager equipment (11), connected to the network for the first time. iii) Test, periodic Verification of communication status. b.1 Reading alarms, reading of the alarms recorded. c.1) Reading statistics, Reading the recorded statistics. d.1) Configuration, change of the configuration parameters of the Communications Manager (eleven). e.1) Own functions: i) Reading of Accountants (9-10) high, reading the Accountants (9-10) discharged by a Manager of Communications (11). ii) Withdrawal of an Accountant (9-10) Central order (6) canceling an Accountant (9-10) of the communications management team (11). iii) Reading of Accountant Data (9-10), reading data from a counter (remote or local) connected to the communications manager (11). Data: (Active energy, Energy Inductive reactive, Capacitive reactive energy, Maximeter) * Number of contracts *, (Number of rates + 1). iv) Load capture Time, Order the communications management team (11) to read the hourly load of an accountant (9-10), and have the data ready for when request the Central (6). v) Reading of hourly load, order of Central (6) preceded by a "Load Capture" order Timetable ". Reading of the Hourly Load of a certain Counter (9-10).

PLC modem (Basic data)

Normative, the communication is made in the Cenelec band A (EN 50065), which is reserved for use exclusive to electric companies and does not use systems owners to modulate but purpose components general.

Modulation is performed in phase (BPSK, binary digital phase modulation), following the regulations EN50065

The regulations limit the level of tension injected on a standardized load 50 \ Omega | | 50 µH + 5 \ Omega: 127dB µV (3.1 Vpp) measured between phase and neutral, 0.45 W. approximately.

The phase modulation system offers a probability of error much lower than the systems that modulate in amplitude (ASK) or frequency (FSK).

Operating Principle is through the corresponding block diagram of the modem hardware design PLC

The signal modulated by the modem is subsequently demodulated and fully recovered by use of filters adapted to the phase change, with their corresponding block diagram for this purpose.

All these provisions described and in combination all of them, is new giving rise to the system of automatic control and reading of measurement counters in the distribution of electric current as well as management of loads and management of transformation centers object of the present invention.

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Advantages of the invention

The new control and reading system of measuring meters in the distribution of electric current, as described in the present invention, it presents the possibility of performing a management of reading, control and measurement of the entire network, from the substation (6), to the counters (9) - (10) of customers (3) - (4) - (5), all at once, what provides security, both in the supply and distribution of electricity, as in assistance in any network failure, since everything is controlled, despite the intermediate existence of a transformer, controlling in a way I continue the transformation centers, having constancy and knowing the consumption that is similarly controlled as well as managing, in the same way directly the contract of the customers in relation to the powers and rates, so that you can  know at all times, the operation of the entire network as a everything and not in a separate way, which is how it is currently has been controlling, resulting in a series of failures that cannot be overcome or corrected due to separation that exists between the control ie the reading, the measurement and the Accountant management.

The present invention guarantees the management, control and measurement of the entire network at the same time, which results in some advantages, both in use, installation and supply of the entire electricity network, which is completely new and all this get with the intercom arrangement, between counters (9) - (10) on the low voltage line with a device communications manager (11) which, is also in communication with the transformer (12) and with the module supervision and control (13), all through the low line tension, but in turn said equipment is in communication communications manager (11) with the substation (6) so that there is total communication between all the components of the network of electric current distribution.

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Description of the content of the drawings

Figure 1 .- Scheme on a network of distribution of electric current from a substation (6) to customers (3) - (4) - (5) through central units of transformation (1) or (2) in whose network there is a power line medium voltage (7) and another low voltage (8).

Figure 2 .- Detailed scheme of the unit of transformation (1) to single phase digital counters (9) or the three-phase (10), in which both the lines of medium voltage (7), such as low voltage (8) and communication that exists among all the elements that make up the system: the transformer (12), the supervision and control module (13), the communications management team (11), counters (9) and (10).

Figure 3 .- It is a representation of the scheme of two units of transformation centers (1) and (2) and their certain communications management teams (15) connected each other through the high voltage line (7).

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Description of the different elements of the invention

1 - Units of transformation centers.

2 - Units of transformation centers that are They can install in series.

3 - Housing block that carries a series of single-phase digital counters (9).

4 - Single-family homes that carry a Single phase digital counter (9).

5 - Factories or industrial facilities in where the three-phase digital counters (10) are installed.

6 - Centrals or substations of transformation.

7 - Medium voltage power lines.

8 - low voltage power lines.

9 - Single phase digital counters.

10 - Three phase digital counters.

11 - Communications management team.

12 - Transformer.

13 - Supervision and control module.

14 - Coupling either inductive or capacitive

15 - Communications management team (11), together with the supervision and control module (13) as a whole unit Communications Manager

16 - Medium PLC interface that through the coupling (14) is connected to the medium voltage line (7) by on one side and on the other with the communications management team (11) of the transformation center.

17 - Other Interface same as (16) but connected to the opposite side of the center entrance / exit of transformation (1) to the average network (7).

18 - Low PLC interface connected between the transformer (12) the communications manager (11) and the counters (9-10).

19 - Another second interface like the (18).

20 - The third interface such as (18) and (19).

Claims (5)

1. System for automatic meter reading, load management and management of transformation centers characterized by having a transformer (12), which being in a transformation unit (1) or (2) having an electrical network input of medium voltage (7) and having a low voltage output (8), it is also in communication, on the one hand with a communications management team (11), on the other with a supervision and control module (13) and all this being in the same way connected and in continuous communication with the substation (6) and with the counters (9) and (10). 2. System for automatic meter reading, load management and management of transformation centers characterized by having in relation to the 1st claim, a communications manager (11) that being in communication with both the supervision and control module ( 13), as well as with the counters (9) and (10). Through the inductive or capacitive coupling (14) it communicates with the substation (6) so that by combining the data that is being supplied from each of the elements with which it is in communication, it can manage the contracted power and customer rates (3) - (4) - (5) and their corresponding meters (9) or (10) on the one hand, controlling and measuring the energy on the other, by having the data supplied by the module supervision (13) and all this at the same time, being able to issue as many reading, control and measurement instructions as appropriate from the substation (6) through the communications management team (11). 3. System for automatic meter reading, load management and transformation center management characterized by having, in combination with claims 1 and 2, a communication and control of two or more units, transformation centers (1) or (2) ) with each other in addition to being able to do it with the entire distribution network, since it allows both communication management teams (11) to be connected via the inductive or capacitive coupling (14) through inductive or capacitive coupling (14) ) which provides each of the transformation units (1) and (2) as shown in Figure 3. 4. System for automatic meter reading, load management and transformation center management characterized by having, in combination with claims 1, 2 and 3, the possibility of configuring or arranging communications management equipment (11), which are arranged in turn one for each transformation unit (1), which is installed in the distribution network and belonging to the same substation (6), either continuously with a single coupling (14), or any other configuration, attending to the integral and continuous communication of all the elements or units that constitute the system in a combined way. 5. System for automatic meter reading, load management and management of transformation centers characterized by having in combination with claims 1, 2, 3 and 4 a communications management team (11) that is capable of communicating at the same time to through a medium voltage power line (7) and through a low voltage power line (8) communicating all the components that are in the distribution network, all at the same time, making the system a reading and load management and transformation centers of the entire network, from the substation (6), carrying out the communication modulating in the CENELEC band A, performing the BPSK phase modulation that is to say binary digital phase modulation, following the EN50065 standard, to later demodulate and recover fully through the use of filters adapted to its block diagram.