ES2270648B1 - ROTARY ENDOTHERMAL ENGINE WITH WATER CONTRIBUTION RECALLED BY HIMSELF. - Google Patents

Abstract

A rotary endothermic motor is described, fed by a liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon, with superheated water supply from the engine cooling circuit, by means of which a second expansion is provided in the same work stroke, the engine being composed of an enveloping outer part, carrier of eccentrics; an inner part, carrier of the cylinders, and a central part for distribution of the different needs; the eccentrics force the pistons, through the connecting rods, to make alternative runs on the cylinders with the rotation, the inner part being able to arrange several sections, and each one of them with two or more cylinders; The invention provides, depending on the type of engine, a common explosion chamber for all cylinders of the same section, or an individual chamber for each cylinder. Performance, pollution levels and economy are improved.

Description

Rotary endothermic motor, with water supply overheated by it.

Object of the invention

The present invention relates to an engine rotary endothermic, with superheated water supply, which provides essential novelty and remarkable features advantages over known and used means for same purposes in the current state of the art.

More particularly, the invention proposes the development of a rotary engine consisting of three parts main, in which the incorporation of a water inlet reheated by the same engine, for a second. expansion in the same work career, the engine being fed by some liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon, and with the particularity that the component parts can be fixed or rotating, as well as having an explosion chamber for each cylinder or single chamber for all cylinders of The same section.

According to a preferred embodiment, the invention provides that the engine is constituted by three parts main, which alternatively can be swivel or fixed, of which one of them constitutes an envelope for the others, having eccentrics inside that, with the help of a roller mounted together with connecting rods, force the pistons to perform alternative races inside the cylinders which carries the second inner part, while the third part mentioned is the central, and makes the distribution of admission, the exhaust, the spark or the invention according to the engine, the contribution of the water in the intermediate run of expansion, cooling and part of the greasing; in another form of construction, the invention provides for the union of the last two parts, so that the part central has a common explosion chamber for all cylinders of the same section, as well as the valves corresponding and the rest of the necessary elements.

The scope of the invention is obviously, within the industrial sector dedicated to the manufacture of engines, particularly engines endothermic fuels fed with some type of hydrocarbon, either liquid or gas, both for application to fixed installations such as mobile devices such as means of transport, machinery, or any other.

Background and summary of the invention

They are known in the state of the art multiple Endothermic motors of various types, namely linear, rotating, star, etc., the main ones being activated by the crank-crank system, presenting the drawback of the alignment of the connecting rod and the crankshaft in the moment of the explosion, receiving maximum effort when the pair is null, and harming the mentioned parts that must be very robust, with the corresponding inertia that this entails; also, the low performance of these engines and the pollution derived from the gases and heat discharged into the atmosphere.

The present invention has proposed as a fundamental objective the fact of providing an engine with which characteristics such as performance, pollution and economy are substantially improved, and for this purpose it proposes the development of an endothermic motor whose main characteristics are included in the characterizing part of claim 1. The engine of the invention is defined by the characteristics listed in
continuation:

one.

It is rotary : The characteristic of being rotary, provides the motor with a perfect balance in its operation, whether it rotates the carrier part of the eccentrics in the form of balanced lobes, distributed throughout its contour, as if it rotates the interior part carrying the cylinders distributed and balanced as a whole; both parts can also rotate as long as the rotation of one of them is controlled by means of some electrical, hydraulic, or other means, improving this characteristic the operation of the motor since it does not need flywheel, eliminates unnecessary and harmful vibrations that absorb energy and disturb the occupants of the vehicle in which it is installed. When the construction of the engine is carried out with a compression chamber common to all cylinders of the same section, a perfect dynamic equilibrium is obtained by expanding all the pistons at the same pressure in the explosion, and distributed around their contour.

2.

The torque is maximum : This characteristic is derived from the way in which the pistons act on the eccentric, this action being normal to the surface of the corresponding lobe in the work stroke, since this area consists of an envelope curve to the action during the combustion expansion, so that when kept perpendicular during that stroke, the torque is maximum since the cylinders, pistons, connecting rods and roller are displaced from the center of rotation, so that the torque arm remains constant.

3.

Supercharged by water : This feature (optional depending on the way the engine is built), is carried out during the work stroke or expansion of the pistons by the action of the flue gases, so that the entrance of the water reheated by The engine itself during cooling, is automatically performed during the rotation of the inner body or block of cylinders on the fixed central part that is responsible for the distribution of the different needs of the engine, causing this water when entering the cylinder a second expansion to the evaporate instantaneously, reinforcing this action the primitive expansion motivated by the hydrocarbon when the pressure has dropped considerably in the cylinder, also being lower the temperature of the gases that are expelled into the atmosphere, thereby improving the environment, while decreasing fuel consumption and a smaller amount of heat is emitted to the atmosphere.

Four.

Higher compression ratio : This important characteristic is possible by virtue that during the action of the explosion at its maximum pressure, the torque arm is maximum and constant due to the displacement of the center of rotation of the cylinders, pistons, connecting rods and roller , these being aligned and normal to the surfaces of the lobes of the eccentrics throughout the work stroke, so that the detonation is avoided, increasing this improvement of the understanding of performance considerably without harming the constituent elements of the engine, for being, as has been said, the arm of the normal pair to all the action performed.

5.

Dynamic balancing : As mentioned, the engine can be, by its constructive form, the type that has a common combustion chamber for all cylinders located in the same section, so that this fact causes a perfect balance when acting all the cylinders at the same time and with the same pressure, being the engine of a type of several modules or sections with offset rotation. If the construction of the four-stroke engine is of the type of individual chamber for each cylinder, the action of the explosions is carried out one after the other without interruption, in the same section of cylinders, in case this is composed of four cylinders, The explosions are carried out every 90º of rotation, in case the eccentrics have two lobes, as would be the simplest case, and the motor can also have two sections or modules with a 180º distribution, reinforcing the balancing even more.

6.

Modular motor : The modular character derives from the fact that the motor can contain several sections attached to each other, each of which can contain two or more cylinders in its contour, while at the same time, the eccentrics can contain two or more lobes; This characteristic makes the engine, both in the case of four times and if it is two times, very versatile in its construction, developing a high power in a very small volume, and at the same time being very compact.

7.

Less revolutionized engine : In the simplest embodiment, a cylinder performs all four times in a single revolution; the more lobes the eccentrics have, the cycles increase for each of the revolutions, also multiplying by two in case the engine is two-stroke, which represents a decrease in inertia, the reductions of the gearbox are not so high, and engine flexibility improves remarkably.

8.

More economical : Because it is the simplest construction, a single spark plug or a single injector is needed for each section of the engine consisting of four cylinders (depending on the gasoline or diesel engine); if the engine is an individual combustion chamber, the central part of the engine acts as a rotary valve, generating the spark a single spark plug or using a single injector, making the complete distribution automatically when turning the inner body carrying the cylinders, being the lower fuel consumption due to the help of the superheated water in the cycle, leaving these types of engines with a very simple and compact construction, occupying a minimum space and weight.

Brief description of the drawings

These and other features and advantages of the invention, will become more clearly apparent from the detailed description that follows in a preferred way of embodiment, given by way of illustration only and not limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in the that:

Figure 1 shows a vertical section of a three-cylinder engine, of the common chamber type, provided of three cylinders with the corresponding pistons and sets of connecting rods, also equipped with six central valves;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section practiced in the same engine of Figure 1;

Figure 3 illustrates a longitudinal section practiced in a four-cylinder engine with combustion chamber  individual for each of them;

Figure 4 is a vertical section made in the same engine of Figure 3;

Figure 5 shows a representation of a eccentric three lobes that can be mounted independently of the number of cylinders per section, and

Figure 6 is a representation of another eccentric equipped with only two lobes, also applicable for Any number of cylinders.

Description of the preferred embodiments

As indicated above, the  detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, will be carried out, by way of illustration only and in no case limiting, with the help of the attached drawings, to through which the same numerical references are used to designate the same or similar parts, and through the which structural characteristics can be appreciated and functional characteristics that distinguish the engine of the invention.

In this regard, attending first of all the  representation of Figure 1, you can see the representation of a cross section made in an engine constructed of according to the invention, in which a part can be distinguished motor envelope or exterior indicated with the numerical reference 1, an inner part 2 carrying the cylinders, a connecting rod 3 that is articulated to a piston 4, a fixed joint 5 of a connecting rod 6 which carries the shaft, and rollers 7 that enter the grooves of the eccentrics that, as will be seen in relation to the Figures 5 and 6, have been indicated with reference numbers 64 and 66. Returning to Figure 1, an articulated joint 8 is seen between the two cranks 3 and 6 mentioned, while with the number 9 they have designated the valves, which in this case consist of three valves exhaust and three intake, located in the chamber common to all the cylinders; reference 10 indicates the spark plug, while the said common chamber for the three cylinders is referenced with 11, and reference 12 indicates one of the transfer conduits between the cylinders and said chamber 11.

Referring now to Figure 2, you can see a longitudinal section view of the same engine contained in Figure 1, in which it has been indicated with the reference 13 one of the rocker arms that actuate the exhaust valves 9; with reference 14 the circular cams that move the rocker arms 13; with 15 the traction of the distribution; with 16 the outlet engine power; with 17, 18 and 19 the elements that make up the outer wrapping body of the inner part 20, the elements 17 and 19 the carriers of the eccentric grooves by the that the mentioned rollers 7 roll; with 21 cylinders; with 22 the bearings on which both parts rotate; with 23 the part central fixed to the interior 20; with 24 gas outlet burned with 25 carburetor or injection pump (depending on the type of motor); with 26 the rocker for the intake valves 27; with 28 the spark plug or injector; with 29 channels of gas transfer; with 30 the common compression chamber; with 31 the burnt gas outlet chamber, and with 32 the entrance of the fresh mixture of air-gasoline, or just air in In case the engine is diesel type.

With reference to Figure 3, it can be seen a longitudinal section made in the motor of the invention corresponding to the version that incorporates a compression chamber For each cylinder. In this Figure, the shot has been indicated with 33 of force, with 34, 35 and 37 the parts that form the envelope (which in this case it is fixed), the lateral elements 34 and 37 being eccentric carriers, consisting of eccentric channels whereby the shaft rolls with bearings, preferably of needles, indicated with numerical reference 46; with the reference 38 the inner rotating body bearing the cylinders, pistons and cranksets; with 39 the union plate between the enclosure and the central part; with 40 carburetor; with 41 the channel through which the water that will overheat circulates when used as cooling fluid; with 42 the spark plug; with 43 the water outlet already reheated; with 44 segments and joints of obturation; with 45 the ball bearing, and with 47 the situation of grease oil, which in the case represented corresponds to preferably to a barboteo system.

Referring now to Figure 4, a vertical section can be seen made in the motor of Figure 3, in which the internal elements are represented, among which the envelope ring indicated with the numerical reference 48 is shown; the inner body carrying the cylinders indicated with 49; the fixed joint 50 of the connecting rod 52; the piston indicated with 51; shaft 53 with needle bearings that circulate through eccentric channels; the tanks 54 in which the water is reheated by virtue of explosions or combustion, by way of "pressure cookers", introducing the water into the cylinders by the regulated passage indicated by reference number 62; the articulation and connecting rod indicated with 55 and 56; the steps 57 that put the compression chambers in communication with the central distribution part of the different needs, such as the admission of fresh gases by the intake port 59; spark plug electrodes 60; the cooling duct 58; the exhaust port 61, and the water line 62 into the cylinder, through the passage
regulated.

With reference to Figure 5, a representation in which a side of the envelope 63 is observed, carrying inside the eccentric channel which, it was said, It comprises three lobes, and has been indicated with the reference numerical 64.

If Figure 6 is now observed, a representation similar to Figure 5 can be seen, in which a side of the envelope indicated with 65 appears, with the inner eccentric channel indicated by the numerical reference 66, these channels being, as already It has been said previously, intended to force the rollers and connecting rods to perform alternative movements, and the latter in turn to the pistons, to perform these alternative movements inside the
cylinders

Once described the different elements and components that integrate the commented versions of rotary engine  proposed by the present invention, will be carried out in what follow, by way of example and without limitation, an explanation of the functional characteristics of the set, in order to facilitate your understanding

In this regard, with reference to the engine that It is represented in the sections of Figures 1 and 2, when the indicated envelope part is rotated with 1, 17, 18, 19, carrier of the eccentrics, with the use of the steering wheel or element 16, the rollers 7 are forced to make movements to through the channels, by means of the connecting rods 6 articulated to the connecting rods 3, thereby forcing pistons 4 to run alternatives inside the cylinders; once achieved these movements can be carried out all four times already known for explosion engines, namely admission to starting from carburetor 25, passing through the transfer channels 29, to reach valves 27 (in this case it is three valves), which are moved by the rocker arms 26 when the system is turned circular cams 14, perform the opening in their time correspondent; then, lowering the piston in its stroke of turn, the three pistons are compressed in the same chamber, in whose center spark plug 28 is located, through which causes the explosion, and then the explosion of the gases causes these to enter the cylinders through the channels indicated with numerical reference 12, forcing the pistons and cranksets, with the shaft and needle rollers in the inside of the eccentric channels, to make these turn correspondent; considering that the cylinders are displaced from the center of rotation, as are the rollers of needles 7, and that in addition the action of these, are normal and in contact with the eccentric surfaces in the races of expansion, the work done by the pistons in this race of  expansion, motivated by the combustion effect, is transferred to the rollers 7 already mentioned, the exhaust being carried out in the return stroke by opening the exhaust valve 31, with that the burned gases go outside through the outlet 24.

In the engine version shown in the Figures 3 and 4, whose operation is based on the same system of eccentrics with pistons displaced from the center (and therefore not the explanation of the common characteristics will be repeated), each cylinder has its compression chamber, being the part carrier of the rotating cylinders on the central part, of so that with this turn, all cylinders with their steps 54 (following up with piston 48, which ends the compression), the moment they pass through the spark plug, the explosion, so that the consequent expansion forces the piston and crankset and roller, to rely on the corresponding area of the eccentric, which is normal to the action, so it forces the inner body to keep turning, heating this combustion the water contained in enclosure 51, which acts as a "pot pressure "; as the rotation continues, the cylinder meets an inlet of reheated water, causing evaporation instantaneous along with the heat of the same combustion, producing a new expansion in the same work career, so that this action reinforces the first; continuation with the turn of this same cylinder, meets the exhaust port, which the return of the piston makes the expulsion of the burned gases together with the water vapor, which can be recovered upon departure; as the turn continues, the intake port will be discovered, and a new cycle will occur again in said cylinder, occurring so on, in the same way, in the other cylinders, so that a four-stroke cycle is performed in a single revolution, in each of the cylinders.

It is not considered necessary to make the content of this description for a subject matter expert can understand its scope and the advantages derived from the invention, as well as develop and implement the object of the same.

However, it should be understood that the invention has been described according to a preferred embodiment thereof, so which may be subject to change without implying any alteration of the basis of said invention, and may affect such modifications, especially the different types constructive, to the shape, size and / or materials of manufacturing that are common in today's engines, whether in as regards the whole or in relation to each of its parts

Claims (6)

1. Rotary endothermic motor, with superheated water supply, characterized in that it comprises three main parts, namely an outer part (1), an inner part (20) wrapped by the first, and a central part that can eventually be fixed inside or outside, as appropriate, turn one or the other of these exterior or interior parts, of which: the said outer envelope part (1) is composed, in turn, by a central ring (18) that joins two sides (17, 19) eccentric channel carriers (64, 66), configured with two or more lobes, for which they move rolling around rollers (7, 53), together with the articulation of connecting rods (6, 52), of so that the latter act on pistons (4, 51) to those who force to make alternative careers inside cylinders (21), incorporated in said inner part (20), during the rotation of said outer part induced by a steering wheel (16) solidarity through means of union with the aforementioned outer part, the third part, or central part (23), susceptible of joint solidarity with conventional means to the part  exterior (1) when the latter constitutes the. rotating part, or susceptible of joint attachment to the inner part (20) through a plate (39) when this is the one that is animated with movement of spin, contains a compression chamber (11) common to all cylinders of the same section or module in the part version rotating outside, as well as valves and elements necessary to make the distribution, and a spark plug or injector (28), depending on the type of engine, so that said central part (23) serves as a common compression chamber, said inner part (20) carrying the cylinders (21) includes, in the inner part version rotating, a compression chamber for each cylinder, in whose In this case, the latter includes usual means for the distribution of the main needs for the correct functioning of the engine, such as a spark plug or injector (42), the port of intake, exhaust, superheated water supply to the engine, refrigeration and greasing; having planned the incorporation of bearings (22) between the mentioned outer part and part interior, in order to facilitate the turning movement of a with respect to the other, as appropriate, also incorporating the engine one or more tanks (54) of water reheating associated respectively with each one of the different cylinders (21), and being able to arrange the sides (17, 19) bearers of the eccentrics (66), also, of louvres and usual devices for feeding, exhaust, or any other functions necessary for the correct engine operation 2. Engine according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a feedback inlet for water heated by the engine itself in the tanks (54), and intended to cause a second expansion inside the cylinders (21) with its evaporation . 3. Motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the axes of the cylinders are located relative to the center of rotation of the motor so that during its movement the torque arm is kept constant, and because the crank and roller system corresponds to an orientation and spatial arrangement that gives as result a performance of them displaced from the center of rotation and normal to the tread. 4. Motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the spikes and the rollers are arranged so that the action of the applied force is normal to the arm defined by the distance between the axis of action and the center of rotation of the motor. 5. Motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the incorporation of a compression chamber (11) in a central and unique position for all cylinders (21) of the same section or module provides an identical pressure distribution effect for all the cylinders, and because in the version of a camera of combustion for each cylinder, explosions are performed successively one after another through a certain section, and to 180ó in the adjoining section. 6. Motor according to claim 1, characterized in that both the components (17, 18, 19) of the outer part (1) and the inner part (20) can be rotatable, with opposite directions of rotation, the rotation of the corresponding part adequately controlled with the use of an electromagnetic, hydraulic, or any other appropriate system.