ES2258380A1 - Compression refrigerating system for a motor vehicle air-conditioning system comprises a carbon dioxide coolant cycle, and a reversing valve that can be switched to a second coolant cycle for heating operation - Google Patents
Compression refrigerating system for a motor vehicle air-conditioning system comprises a carbon dioxide coolant cycle, and a reversing valve that can be switched to a second coolant cycle for heating operationInfo
- Publication number
- ES2258380A1 ES2258380A1 ES200400894A ES200400894A ES2258380A1 ES 2258380 A1 ES2258380 A1 ES 2258380A1 ES 200400894 A ES200400894 A ES 200400894A ES 200400894 A ES200400894 A ES 200400894A ES 2258380 A1 ES2258380 A1 ES 2258380A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- refrigerant
- throttle element
- coolant cycle
- volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 18
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 9
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 fluoride hydrocarbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
- B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H2001/00957—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising locations with heat exchange within the refrigerant circuit itself, e.g. cross-, counter-, or parallel heat exchange
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/16—Receivers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/19—Pumping down refrigerant from one part of the cycle to another part of the cycle, e.g. when the cycle is changed from cooling to heating, or before a defrost cycle is started
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/01—Geometry problems, e.g. for reducing size
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2507—Flow-diverting valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/006—Accumulators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Instalación de climatización para automóviles con refrigerante de CO_{2}.Air conditioning system for cars with CO2 refrigerant.
La invención se refiere a un sistema de refrigeración por compresión de una instalación de climatización para automóviles, en el que a través de conductos de refrigerante se realiza un circuito de circulación de un refrigerante de CO_{2} desde un compresor a través de un refrigerador de gas, un órgano de expansión y un evaporador de retorno al compresor. Se conoce por el documento DE 199 25 744 A1 un sistema de refrigeración por compresión de este tipo.The invention relates to a system of compression cooling of an air conditioning system for cars, in which through coolant ducts a circulation circuit of a CO2 refrigerant is performed from a compressor through a gas refrigerator, an organ of expansion and a return evaporator to the compressor. It is known by the DE 199 25 744 A1 a cooling system by compression of this type.
Las instalaciones de climatización para automóviles con dióxido de carbono como refrigeración se consideran cada vez en mayor medida como alternativa conservadora del medio ambiente a las instalaciones de climatización convencionales con refrigerante de hidrocarburos fluoruros. Además, el dióxido de carbono es económico, se puede obtener en todas partes, no es tóxico y tampoco es combustible. Por lo tanto, cumple también los altos requerimientos de seguridad en automóviles. Sin embargo, en virtud de las altas presiones en el circuito de refrigeración de dióxido de carbono de hasta 140 bares no es posible un intercambio de refrigerante sencillo en las instalaciones existentes. En su lugar, deben desarrollarse en gran medida instalaciones nuevas.The air conditioning facilities for carbon dioxide cars as refrigeration are considered increasingly as a conservative alternative to the environment environment to conventional air conditioning installations with fluoride hydrocarbon refrigerant. In addition, the dioxide of Carbon is economical, can be obtained everywhere, it is not toxic And it is not combustible either. Therefore, it also meets the high car safety requirements. However, under of the high pressures in the dioxide cooling circuit Carbon up to 140 bar is not possible to exchange Simple refrigerant in existing facilities. Instead, new facilities must be developed to a large extent.
Con relación a las instalaciones de climatización de dióxido de carbono, ya se ha propuesto emplear éstas también para fines de calefacción. A tal fin, está previsto un segundo circuito de refrigerante, que presenta un intercambiador de calor para el funcionamiento de calefacción. La conmutación entre los dos circuitos de refrigerante se realiza por medio de una válvula de conmutación correspondiente. En el funcionamiento de calefacción, la instalación es accionada en el llamado funcionamiento con gas caliente (proceso triangular). En primeros ensayos se ha mostrado que, en instalaciones de climatización correspondientes para automóviles, el proceso de gas caliente presenta una dinámica muy alta, es decir, que en los conductos de refrigerante aparecen oscilaciones grandes de la presión.In relation to air conditioning installations of carbon dioxide, it has already been proposed to use these too for heating purposes. To this end, a second is planned refrigerant circuit, which features a heat exchanger for heating operation. The switching between the two Refrigerant circuits are performed by means of a valve corresponding switching. In heating operation, the installation is operated in the so-called gas operation hot (triangular process). In first trials it has been shown which, in corresponding air conditioning installations for cars, the hot gas process presents a very dynamic high, that is, they appear in the refrigerant ducts large pressure swings.
Por lo tanto, el cometido de la invención es desarrollar adicionalmente el sistema de refrigeración por compresión de tal forma que, en el funcionamiento de calefacción, se pueda regular de una manera estable el proceso de gas caliente.Therefore, the purpose of the invention is further develop the cooling system by compression such that, in the heating operation, the gas process can be regulated in a stable manner hot.
El cometido se soluciona por medio de un sistema de refrigeración por compresión con las características de la reivindicación 1.The task is solved by means of a system compression cooling with the characteristics of the claim 1.
El sistema de refrigeración por compresión
presenta de una manera habitual un primer circuito de refrigerante,
con el que se realiza un circuito de circulación de un refrigerante
de CO_{2} desde un compresor a través de un refrigerador de gas,
un órgano de expansión y un evaporador de retorno al compresor. En
un segundo circuito de refrigerante para el funcionamiento de
calefacción se realiza un circuito del refrigerante de CO_{2}
desde el compresor a través de un elemento de estrangulación y un
intercambiador de calor de calefacción. La conmutación entre el
primero y el segundo circuito de refrigerante se realiza a través de
una válvula de conmutación, que está presente entre el compresor y
el refrigerador de gas. En virtud de las relaciones de espacio
limitadas para una instalación de climatización de un automóvil,
ésta debe estar realizada muy compacta. Por lo tanto, los conductos
de refrigerante son muy cortos y presentan un volumen reducido. Se
ha conocido ahora que la mala capacidad de regulación del proceso
de gas caliente en el funcionamiento de calefacción es una
consecuencia del volumen reducido de refrigerante delante del órgano
de estrangulación. Por lo tanto, la invención propone elevar el
volumen de refrigerante entre el compresor y el elemento de
estrangulación al menos a 50 cm^{3}, con preferencia al menos 100
cm^{3}. Por medio de este volumen de refrigerante delante del
elemento de estrangulación está presente entonces un colchón de
presión suficiente, de manera que se pueden evitar en gran medida
las oscilaciones de la presión. Como consecuencia de ello, se puede
regular ahora de forma estable el proceso de gas caliente. Una
elevación del volumen de refrigeración delante del elemento de
estrangulación a más de 200 cm^{3} no aporta, en general, ya
ventajas. Sin embargo, la determinación del volumen óptimo se deja
al caso
individual.The compression refrigeration system presents in a usual way a first refrigerant circuit, with which a circulation circuit of a CO2 refrigerant is made from a compressor through a gas cooler, an expansion organ and a return evaporator to the compressor. In a second refrigerant circuit for heating operation, a CO2 refrigerant circuit is made from the compressor through a throttle element and a heating heat exchanger. The switching between the first and the second refrigerant circuit is carried out through a switching valve, which is present between the compressor and the gas cooler. By virtue of the limited space relationships for a car's air conditioning installation, it must be made very compact. Therefore, the refrigerant ducts are very short and have a reduced volume. It has now been known that the poor ability to regulate the hot gas process in heating operation is a consequence of the reduced volume of refrigerant in front of the throttle body. Therefore, the invention proposes to raise the volume of refrigerant between the compressor and the throttle element to at least 50 cm 3, preferably at least 100 cm 3. By means of this volume of refrigerant in front of the throttle element a mattress of sufficient pressure is then present, so that pressure oscillations can be largely avoided. As a result, the hot gas process can now be stably regulated. An elevation of the cooling volume in front of the throttle element to more than 200 cm 3 does not generally contribute to advantages. However, the determination of the optimal volume is left to the case
individual.
La elevación del volumen de refrigerante delante del elemento de estrangulación se puede realizar de diferentes maneras. En primer lugar, puede estar presente un depósito de refrigerante, especialmente como conducto de empalme de refrigerante, entre el compresor y el elemento de estrangulación. Por otra parte, el volumen de refrigerante necesario se puede conseguir también a través de un aumento de la sección transversal de los conductos de refrigerante correspondientes. En este caso, el conducto de refrigerante entre el compresor y la válvula de conmutación y/o entre la válvula de conmutación y el elemento de estrangulación puede presentar una sección transversal mayor que la de los conductos de refrigerante entre los otros componentes. Otra posibilidad para conseguir el volumen necesario consiste en adaptar de una manera correspondiente la longitud del conducto de refrigerante, dada una sección transversal del mismo. En este caso, especialmente el conducto de refrigerante entre la válvula de conmutación y el elemento de estrangulación puede estar configurado más largo que el conducto de refrigerante entre la válvula de conmutación y el refrigerador de gas.Coolant volume rise in front of the strangulation element can be performed in different ways. First, a deposit of refrigerant, especially as a splicing duct refrigerant, between the compressor and the throttle element. On the other hand, the volume of refrigerant needed can be also get through an increase in cross section of the corresponding refrigerant ducts. In this case, the refrigerant conduit between the compressor and the valve switching and / or between the switching valve and the element of strangulation may have a cross section greater than the of the refrigerant ducts between the other components. Other possibility to achieve the necessary volume is to adapt in a corresponding manner the length of the conduit of refrigerant, given a cross section thereof. In this case, especially the refrigerant line between the valve switching and the throttle element can be configured longer than the refrigerant line between the valve switching and gas cooler.
A continuación se describe en detalle la invención con la ayuda de un ejemplo de realización y de la figura.The following describes in detail the invention with the help of an exemplary embodiment and the figure.
La figura 1 muestra a tal fin un sistema de refrigeración por compresión con dos circuitos de refrigerante.Figure 1 shows a system of compression cooling with two refrigerant circuits.
El sistema de refrigeración por compresión representado en la figura 1 presenta un compresor 1. El compresor 1 se puede accionar tanto por medio de un motor eléctrico como también por el motor del automóvil. Como refrigerante se emplea dióxido de carbono. El sistema de refrigeración presenta, además, un refrigerador de gas 2, un intercambiador de calor -imprescindible para la función básica del sistema de refrigeración- (intercambiador de calor interior) 3, un órgano de expansión 4 y un evaporador 5. El compresor 1, el refrigerador de gas 2, el órgano de expansión 4 y el evaporador 5 están unidos de la manera representada por medio de conductos de refrigerante 6, de manera que se consigue un circuito continuo del refrigerante de CO_{2} desde el compresor 1 a través del refrigerador de gas 2, el órgano de expansión 4 y el evaporador 5 de retorno al compresor 1. En el sistema de refrigeración según la figura 1, está presente adicionalmente un acumulador 11 en el circuito de refrigerante.The compression cooling system shown in figure 1 presents a compressor 1. The compressor 1 It can be operated both by means of an electric motor and also for the car engine. As refrigerant is used carbon dioxide. The cooling system also has a Gas cooler 2, a heat exchanger - essential for the basic function of the cooling system- (internal heat exchanger) 3, an expansion organ 4 and a evaporator 5. The compressor 1, the gas cooler 2, the organ expansion 4 and evaporator 5 are connected in the manner represented by means of refrigerant conduits 6, so that a continuous circuit of the CO2 refrigerant is achieved from the compressor 1 through the gas cooler 2, the organ expansion 4 and the evaporator 5 return to the compressor 1. In the cooling system according to figure 1, is present additionally an accumulator 11 in the refrigerant circuit.
En el compresor 1 se comprime el refrigerante y a continuación se conduce al refrigerador de gas 2. En el refrigerador de gas 2 se realiza una cesión de calor al medio exterior. En el órgano de expansión 4 se realiza una expansión del refrigerante y, por lo tanto, una reducción de la presión. El refrigerante está presente entonces como vapor húmedo. La zona entre el compresor 1 a través del refrigerador de gas 2 hasta el órgano de expansión 4 forma el lado de alta presión del sistema de refrigeración. El refrigerante, expandido a través del órgano de expansión 4, entra en el evaporador 5 y toma allí calor desde el medio exterior, aquí el aire a ser conducido hasta espacio interior del automóvil. El refrigerante en forma de gas es aspirado a continuación por el compresor 1 y se inicia de nuevo todo el proceso. La zona desde el órgano de expansión 4 a través del evaporador 5 hasta la entrada del compresor 1 forma el lado de baja presión del sistema de refrigeración. Al mismo tiempo, ésta es también la zona con un nivel bajo de temperatura, comparado con el nivel de temperatura del lato de alta presión. A través del intercambiador de calor adicional 3, que posibilita un intercambio de calor entre el lado de alta presión y el conducto de aspiración hacia el compresor 1, se puede conseguir una mejora de toda la potencia de refrigeración del sistema.In compressor 1 the refrigerant is compressed and then then it leads to the gas cooler 2. In the gas cooler 2 heat transfer is made to the medium Exterior. In the expansion organ 4 an expansion of the refrigerant and, therefore, a reduction in pressure. He Refrigerant is then present as wet steam. Area between compressor 1 through gas cooler 2 to expansion organ 4 forms the high pressure side of the system refrigeration. The refrigerant, expanded through the organ of expansion 4, enters evaporator 5 and takes heat there from the outside environment, here the air to be conducted to inner space of the car. The refrigerant in the form of gas is aspirated to then by compressor 1 and the entire process. The area from the expansion organ 4 through the evaporator 5 to compressor inlet 1 forms the low side cooling system pressure. At the same time, this is also the area with a low temperature level, compared to the high pressure can temperature level. Through additional heat exchanger 3, which allows an exchange of heat between the high pressure side and the suction duct towards compressor 1, an improvement of all the system cooling power.
Para un funcionamiento de calefacción, el sistema de refrigeración por compresión presenta un segundo circuito de refrigerante. Éste se realiza desde el compresor 1 a través de un órgano de expansión designado aquí como elemento de estrangulación 7 y un intercambiador de calor de calefacción 8 de retorno al compresor 1. Para la conmutación entre el primero y el segundo circuito de refrigeración está insertada una válvula de conmutación 9 entre el compresor 1 y el refrigerador de gas 2 o bien el elemento de estrangulación 7.For heating operation, the system compression cooling features a second circuit of refrigerant. This is done from compressor 1 through a expansion body designated here as a throttling element 7 and a heating heat exchanger 8 return to compressor 1. For switching between the first and second cooling circuit is inserted a switching valve 9 between compressor 1 and gas cooler 2 or the strangulation element 7.
La regulación eléctrica de un sistema de refrigeración de este tipo se realiza de manera conocida por medio de un regulador no representado.The electrical regulation of a system of refrigeration of this type is carried out in a known way by means of a regulator not represented.
En virtud del tipo de construcción compacto de un sistema de refrigeración por compresión para un automóvil, los conductos de refrigerante 6 están realizados muy cortos. No se puede conseguir un funcionamiento de calefacción estable a través del segundo circuito de refrigerante con conductos de refrigerante correspondientemente cortos. Por lo tanto, la invención prevé un aumento del volumen del refrigerante entre el compresor 1 y el elemento de estrangulación 7. A tal fin, existen diferentes posibilidades, que están indicadas en la figura 1. En primer lugar, puede estar presente un depósito de refrigerante en forma de un conducto de empalme de refrigerante entre el compresor 1 y el elemento de estrangulación 7. En la figura 1 se representan a tal fin un depósito de refrigerante loa entre el compresor 1 y la válvula de conmutación 9 y un depósito de refrigerante 10b entre la válvula de conmutación 9 y el elemento de estrangulación 7. Evidentemente, es suficiente un único depósito de refrigerante 10 si se consigue con éste el volumen mínimo de refrigerante necesario. De una manera alternativa o también adicional al depósito de refrigerante 10, para el aumento del volumen de refrigerante se puede aumentar la sección transversal del conducto de refrigerante 6a entre el compresor 1 y la válvula de conmutación 9 y/o del conducto de refrigerante 6b entre la válvula de conmutación 9 y el elemento de estrangulación 7. En la figura 12 se indica esto de forma esquemática. En general, a tal fin, la sección transversal del conducto de refrigerante 6a será constante sobre toda la longitud entre el compresor 1 y la válvula de conmutación 9 y de una manera correspondiente también toda la sección transversal del conducto de refrigerante 6b entre la válvula de conmutación 9 y el elemento de estrangulación 7. También se puede conseguir un aumento del volumen del refrigerante delante del elemento de estrangulación 7 a través de la disposición adecuada del elemento de estrangulación 7 y del refrigerador de gas 2. Por ejemplo, a tal fin, se puede disponer el elemento de estrangulación 7 más alejado de la válvula de conmutación 9 que el elemento de refrigeración de gas 2. Como consecuencia, a través del conducto de refrigerante 6b ya prolongado entre la válvula de conmutación 9 y el elemento de estrangulación 7, con respecto al conducto de refrigerante 6c entre la válvula de conmutación 9 y el refrigerador de gas 2, se consigue ya un aumento del volumen de refrigerante correspondiente delante del elemento de estrangulación 7. También con una combinación constructiva adecuada de las posibilidades mencionadas para el aumento del volumen del refrigerante entre el compresor 1 y el elemento de estrangulación 7 se puede conseguir, a pesar de las dimensiones compactas de una instalación de climatización de automóvil, el volumen de refrigerante mínimo necesario para un proceso estable del gas caliente en el funcionamiento de calefacción.Under the type of compact construction of a compression cooling system for a car, the 6 refrigerant ducts are made very short. I dont know you can get stable heating performance through of the second refrigerant circuit with refrigerant conduits correspondingly short. Therefore, the invention provides a Increase in coolant volume between compressor 1 and the strangulation element 7. To this end, there are different possibilities, which are indicated in figure 1. First, a coolant reservoir in the form of a coolant splice conduit between compressor 1 and the strangulation element 7. In figure 1 such finally a coolant tank loa between compressor 1 and the switching valve 9 and a refrigerant tank 10b between the switching valve 9 and the throttle element 7. Obviously, a single refrigerant tank 10 is sufficient if the minimum volume of refrigerant needed is achieved with it. In an alternative or additional way to the deposit of refrigerant 10, to increase the volume of refrigerant, can increase the cross section of the refrigerant duct 6a between the compressor 1 and the switching valve 9 and / or the refrigerant conduit 6b between the switching valve 9 and the throttling element 7. Figure 12 indicates this schematic form In general, for this purpose, the cross section of the refrigerant duct 6a will be constant over the entire length between the compressor 1 and the switching valve 9 and a corresponding way also the entire cross section of the refrigerant conduit 6b between the switching valve 9 and the strangulation element 7. An increase can also be achieved of the volume of the refrigerant in front of the throttle element 7 through proper arrangement of the throttle element 7 and gas cooler 2. For example, for this purpose, you can arrange the throttle element 7 furthest from the valve switching 9 than the gas cooling element 2. As consequently, through the refrigerant conduit 6b already prolonged between switching valve 9 and the element of choke 7, with respect to the refrigerant duct 6c between the switching valve 9 and the gas cooler 2, is achieved and an increase in the corresponding refrigerant volume in front of the throttle element 7. Also with a combination adequate construction of the possibilities mentioned for the Increase in coolant volume between compressor 1 and the strangulation element 7 can be achieved, despite the compact dimensions of an air conditioning installation of automobile, the minimum refrigerant volume needed for a stable process of hot gas in the operation of heating.
En el automóvil se conduce aire de una manera conocida a través del intercambiador de calor 5 o bien el intercambiador de calor de calefacción 8 y se alimenta refrigerado o bien calentado al espacio interior del automóvil.In the car air is driven in a way known through heat exchanger 5 or the heating heat exchanger 8 and is fed refrigerated or heated to the interior space of the car.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10317551 | 2003-04-15 | ||
| DE10317551A DE10317551B3 (en) | 2003-04-15 | 2003-04-15 | Compression refrigerating system for a motor vehicle air-conditioning system comprises a carbon dioxide coolant cycle, and a reversing valve that can be switched to a second coolant cycle for heating operation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2258380A1 true ES2258380A1 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| ES2258380B1 ES2258380B1 (en) | 2007-09-16 |
Family
ID=32038823
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200400894A Expired - Fee Related ES2258380B1 (en) | 2003-04-15 | 2004-04-13 | INSTALLATION OF AIR CONDITIONING FOR CARS WITH CO2 COOLANT. |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE10317551B3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2258380B1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2853859A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005033019A1 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2007-01-25 | Modine Manufacturing Co., Racine | Arrangement in an air conditioning circuit |
| DE102006007371A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-23 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Vehicle air conditioning |
| US9976785B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2018-05-22 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Liquid line charge compensator |
| US10330358B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2019-06-25 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System for refrigerant pressure relief in HVAC systems |
| US10663199B2 (en) | 2018-04-19 | 2020-05-26 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Method and apparatus for common manifold charge compensator |
| US10830514B2 (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2020-11-10 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Method and apparatus for charge compensator reheat valve |
| DE102021204470A1 (en) * | 2020-05-05 | 2021-11-11 | Mahle International Gmbh | Refrigerant system and automobile |
| FR3116471B1 (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-10-14 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Motor vehicle thermal conditioning system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000016073A (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-18 | Calsonic Corp | Cooling and heating device for automobile |
| EP1226990A1 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-31 | Calsonic Kansei Corporation | Air conditioner for vehicle |
| FR2820687A1 (en) * | 2001-02-15 | 2002-08-16 | Sanden Corp | Air conditioning for motor vehicle has air inlet with cooling circuit and heat pump circuit with secondary condenser |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2779216B1 (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 2000-08-04 | Valeo Climatisation | VEHICLE AIR CONDITIONING DEVICE USING A SUPERCRITICAL REFRIGERANT FLUID |
| DE19839002B4 (en) * | 1998-08-27 | 2007-02-15 | Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh | In the cooling circuit integrated heating system |
| DE19925744A1 (en) * | 1999-06-05 | 2000-12-07 | Mannesmann Vdo Ag | Electrically driven compression refrigeration system with supercritical process |
-
2003
- 2003-04-15 DE DE10317551A patent/DE10317551B3/en not_active Revoked
-
2004
- 2004-04-09 FR FR0403796A patent/FR2853859A1/en active Pending
- 2004-04-13 ES ES200400894A patent/ES2258380B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000016073A (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-18 | Calsonic Corp | Cooling and heating device for automobile |
| EP1226990A1 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-31 | Calsonic Kansei Corporation | Air conditioner for vehicle |
| FR2820687A1 (en) * | 2001-02-15 | 2002-08-16 | Sanden Corp | Air conditioning for motor vehicle has air inlet with cooling circuit and heat pump circuit with secondary condenser |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 2000, n 4, 31.08.2000 & JP 2000016073 A (CALSONIC CORPORATION) 18.01.2000, resumen; figura 1. * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 2000, nº 4, 31.08.2000 & JP 2000016073 A (CALSONIC CORPORATION) 18.01.2000, resumen; figura 1. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10317551B3 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
| ES2258380B1 (en) | 2007-09-16 |
| FR2853859A1 (en) | 2004-10-22 |
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