ES2230386T3

ES2230386T3 - CARTRIDGES WITH BIODEGRADABLE INTERMEDIATE ELEMENTS.

Info

Publication number: ES2230386T3
Application number: ES01991765T
Authority: ES
Inventors: Irene Schikora; Peter Wagner; Norbert Wurzbacher
Original assignee: RUAG Ammotec GmbH
Current assignee: RWS GmbH
Priority date: 2000-12-01
Filing date: 2001-11-29
Publication date: 2005-05-01
Anticipated expiration: 2021-11-29
Also published as: EP1340039A2; US20040099172A1; AU2002231645A1; EP1340039B1; WO2002044644A2; ATE280939T1; WO2002044644A3

Abstract

The invention relates to small-shot cartridges containing biodegradable separators. Depending on the respective intended utilization, small-shot cartridges contain either scaling disks or cup-shaped wads that are referred to as separators and that separate the charge from the pellets. The cup-shaped wads usually consist of plastic, for example LDPE (low density polyethlene) or similar materials. The scaling disks may consist of plastic, but also of other materials, for example of cardboard, felt, fibers or combinations thereof. These materials may lead to sealing problems and may impair interior ballistics, the trajectory of the projectile in the barrel, and ignition and combustion processes. The separators are ejected from the barrel by the impact of the shot and are left behind during hunting in the countryside or during shooting in the shooting gallery, especially the non-biodegradable plastic materials constitute an environmental hazard. According to the invention, the separator (1) is therefore produced from a non-brittle, biodegradable material that is resistant to the temperatures of the propellants while it does not impair the function of the separator and that is completely biodegradable when stored under the conditions of comprising.

Description

Cartuchos con elementos intermedios biodegradables.Cartridges with intermediate elements biodegradable

La invención se refiere a un elemento intermedio entre carga y perdigones en un cartucho de perdigones.The invention relates to an intermediate element between load and pellets in a pellet cartridge.

Según sea la finalidad de uso prevista, los cartuchos de perdigones contienen discos de obturación o tapones en forma de copa, que designados como los denominados elementos intermedios, separan la carga de los perdigones. Los tapones en forma de copa consisten, por lo general, en material sintético, por ejemplo LDPE (polietileno de baja densidad) o materiales equiparables. Los discos de obturación pueden consistir, en vez de plástico, también en otros materiales, por ejemplo en cartón, fieltro, fibras o combinaciones de los mismos. Tales materiales pueden conducir a dificultades de obturación y, con ello, a perturbaciones de la balística interior, del desarrollo del disparo en el cañón del arma y de los procesos de encendido y combustión.Depending on the intended purpose of use, the pellet cartridges contain sealing discs or caps in cup shape, which designated as the so-called elements intermediate, separate the load from the pellets. The plugs in cup shape usually consist of synthetic material, by example LDPE (low density polyethylene) or materials comparable. Shutter discs may consist, instead of plastic, also in other materials, for example in cardboard, felt, fibers or combinations thereof. Such materials they can lead to shutter difficulties and, with it, to perturbations of the interior ballistics, of the development of the shot in the gun barrel and the ignition processes and combustion.

En el documento US-PS 4.782.759 se describe un elemento intermedio en forma de cesto que preferentemente está fabricado de polietileno biológicamente no degradable.In US-PS 4,782,759 a basket-shaped intermediate element is described which preferably it is made of biologically non-polyethylene degradable

A partir del documento GB 2 172 967 A se conoce una vaina de cartucho de perdigones que presenta un elemento intermedio que está compuesto de varias partes. También aquí son materiales preferidos los materiales sintéticos no biológicamente degradables, así como el caucho.From GB 2 172 967 A it is known a pellet cartridge sheath that features an element intermediate that is composed of several parts. Here too are preferred materials non-biologically synthetic materials degradable as well as rubber.

Si estos elementos intermedios se lanzan por el disparo desde el cañón y quedan durante la caza en la naturaleza y durante el tiro deportivo quedan en los puestos de tiro, los materiales sintéticos no descomponibles en especial contaminan el medioambiente.If these intermediate elements are thrown by the shot from the canyon and are left during the hunt in nature and during the sports shooting they are left in the shooting posts, the non-decomposable synthetic materials especially pollute the environment.

Es misión de la invención configurar los elementos intermedios de manera que ya no contaminen el medioambiente y simultáneamente mejoren la balística interior.It is the mission of the invention to configure the intermediate elements so that they no longer contaminate the environment and simultaneously improve indoor ballistics.

La solución del problema se logra fabricando los elementos intermedios, el disco de obturación de acuerdo con la invención y el tapón en forma de copa de acuerdo con la invención a base de materiales no frágiles, biológicamente degradables que toleran la carga de temperatura de los gases propulsores sin perturbación que perjudique la función y en caso de almacenamiento en condiciones de fermentación sean por completo degradables biológicamente y, además, mantengan una configuración que produzca una obturación óptima respecto de los gases calientes de la carga propulsora.The solution of the problem is achieved by manufacturing the intermediate elements, the shutter disc according to the invention and the cup-shaped cap according to the invention a base of non-fragile, biologically degradable materials that tolerate the temperature load of the propellant gases without disturbance that impairs the function and in case of storage under fermentation conditions they are completely degradable biologically and also keep a configuration that produces optimum sealing of hot gases in the load propeller.

Los materiales biológicamente degradables de los elementos intermedios, por ejemplo el material sintético BAK de la Firma Bayer, permiten ventajosamente una degradación en la naturaleza por descomposición en un tiempo adecuado. Al emplearse en puestos de tiro, es posible una evacuación con la basura doméstica o su conversión en compost. El material sintético puede reforzarse por ejemplo mediante fibras biológicamente inocuas, tales como las fibras naturales, fibras de carbono, fibras de vidrio o fibras minerales.The biologically degradable materials of intermediate elements, for example the BAK synthetic material of the Bayer firm, advantageously allow a degradation in the nature by decomposition in a suitable time. When used at shooting stations, an evacuation with the trash is possible domestic or its conversion into compost. Synthetic material can be reinforced, for example, by biologically safe fibers, such as natural fibers, carbon fibers, fibers of glass or mineral fibers.

La configuración constructiva del tapón en forma de copa de acuerdo con la invención con láminas reforzadas permite una puesta en marcha óptima y una conducción limpia de la carga de perdigones. La pieza amortiguadora está configurada de manera que está garantizada una transmisión uniforme de la fuerza de la presión de gas sobre el cesto de perdigones y, con ello, sobre el haz de perdigones.The constructive configuration of the plug in shape cup according to the invention with reinforced sheets allows optimal start-up and clean driving of the load of shot. The damping part is configured so that a uniform transmission of the force of the gas pressure on the pellet basket and, with it, on the pellet.

La nueva configuración, así como los nuevos materiales de los elementos intermedios producen ventajosamente una distribución regular del haz de perdigones.The new configuration, as well as the new ones materials of the intermediate elements advantageously produce a regular distribution of the beam of pellets.

Con ayuda de ejemplos de realización se explica la invención más detalladamente. Muestran:With the help of exemplary embodiments, it is explained the invention in more detail. They show:

la figura 1, un disco en forma de H de acuerdo con la invención en alzado lateral, cortado,Figure 1, an H-shaped disk according with the invention in side elevation, cut,

la figura 2, un tapón en forma de copa de acuerdo con la invención en corte longitudinal yFigure 2, a cup-shaped plug according with the invention in longitudinal section and

la figura 3, visto desde arriba.Figure 3, seen from above.

La figura 1 presenta un disco de obturación 1 de acuerdo con la invención, con forma de H, de un material sintético biológicamente degradable. El diámetro exterior 2 y el diámetro 3 de la parte media 4 reforzada, así como el espesor 5 del disco están coordinados entre sí de manera que las fuerzas de la presión del gas sobre la superficie total del disco se distribuye uniformemente sobre la carga de perdigones. La buena obturación del disco 1 respecto de la pared de la vaina se alcanza por medio de los nervios 7 que por ambas caras se adelgazan hasta un espesor de aproximadamente 0,4 a 0,5 mm con el ángulo 6, y con ello actúan como labios de obturación que se acercan a la pared de la vaina. El ángulo 6 se encuentra aproximadamente entre 15 y 20 grados. También la parte intermedia 4 se adelgaza con el mismo ángulo 6. Con un diámetro exterior 2 de aproximadamente 18,6 mm, adaptado al calibre, y una altura total 9 de 7,2 mm, el espesor 5 del disco asciende a 3 mm y el diámetro 3 de la parte intermedia 4 en su superficie frontal a 7 mm. Con ello, al estar configurado el disco de obturación 1 de forma simétrica, no es necesario efectuar el montaje en una dirección determinada, lo que facilita el montaje de los cartuchos.Figure 1 shows a shutter disc 1 of according to the invention, in the form of H, of a synthetic material biologically degradable. The outer diameter 2 and the diameter 3 of the reinforced middle part 4, as well as the thickness 5 of the disc are coordinated with each other so that the pressure forces of the gas over the total surface of the disk is distributed evenly about the load of pellets. The good shutter of disc 1 respect to the wall of the sheath is reached by means of the nerves 7 that on both sides thin to a thickness of approximately 0.4 to 0.5 mm with angle 6, and thus act as sealing lips that approach the wall of the sheath. He Angle 6 is approximately between 15 and 20 degrees. Too the intermediate part 4 is thinned at the same angle 6. With a outer diameter 2 of approximately 18.6 mm, adapted to caliber, and a total height 9 of 7.2 mm, the thickness 5 of the disc amounts to 3 mm and the diameter 3 of the intermediate part 4 in its 7 mm front surface. With this, when the disk is configured shutter 1 symmetrically, it is not necessary to perform the assembly in a certain direction, which facilitates the assembly of the cartridges

La figura 2 muestra un tapón 10 en forma de copa de acuerdo con la invención en corte longitudinal. El diámetro 11 está adaptado al calibre y la altura 12 total, en el presente ejemplo de realización 40 mm, está subdividida en la altura 13 del cesto 14 para los perdigones, aquí 23 mm, la altura 15 de la pieza amortiguadora 16, aquí 9,5 mm, y la altura 17 de la pieza de obturación 18, en forma de copa, aquí 7,5 mm, cuya pared anular se acerca a la vaina. La pieza amortiguadora 16 consta de dos nervios 19, dispuestos paralelamente, de paredes delgadas en forma de V, cuyas aristas de cumbrera 20 se contraponen, tal como puede verse en la figura 3. El cesto 14 presenta en su entorno, uniformemente repartidas, cuatro ranuras 21 que llegan hasta el fondo del cesto, que discurren en la dirección del eje central 22. Los segmentos individuales de pared actúan como láminas de muelle, que facilitan la liberación del haz de perdigones a la salida del proyectil. También aquí la configuración del elemento intermedio permite una traslación uniforme de la presión del gas al haz de perdigones y una obturación óptima al cañón.Figure 2 shows a cup-shaped plug 10 according to the invention in longitudinal section. Diameter 11 It is adapted to the total 12 gauge and height, at present exemplary embodiment 40 mm, is subdivided into height 13 of the basket 14 for pellets, here 23 mm, height 15 of the piece shock absorber 16, here 9.5 mm, and height 17 of the piece of shutter 18, cup-shaped, here 7.5 mm, whose annular wall is Approaches the pod. The damping part 16 consists of two ribs 19, arranged in parallel, with thin V-shaped walls, whose ridge edges 20 are contrasted, as can be seen in figure 3. Basket 14 presents in its surroundings, evenly distributed, four slots 21 that reach the bottom of the basket, that run in the direction of the central axis 22. The segments Individual walls act as spring plates, which facilitate the release of the pellet beam at the exit of the projectile. Also here the intermediate element configuration allows a uniform translation of gas pressure to the pellet beam and an optimal shutter to the barrel.

Claims

1. Intermediate element between load and pellets in a pellet cartridge, characterized in that the intermediate element (1, 10) consists of a non-fragile, biologically degradable material, which tolerates the temperature load of the propellant gases without disturbance that impairs the function and in case of storage under fermentation conditions it is completely degradable biologically.

2. Intermediate element according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate element is in the form of a sealing disc (1), symmetrically configured in the form of H, which has a reinforced intermediate part (4), and because the diameter (3) of the intermediate part (4) and the outer diameter (2) of the sealing disc (1) are adjusted to each other so that the forces of the gas pressure are distributed evenly over the pellet load across the total surface of the disk.

3. Intermediate element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer diameter (2) of the sealing disc (1) is related to the diameter (3) of the surface of the intermediate part (4) such as approximately 2.3 to 2.8: 1.

4. Intermediate element according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the sealing disc (1) has symmetrically configured ribs (7) on its outer and upper sides, which are thinned towards its end and act as
sealing lips.

5. Intermediate element according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the intermediate part (4) of the sealing disc (1), as well as the ribs (7) are thinned according to the same angle (6), and because the angle (6) is approximately between 15 and 20 degrees.

6. Intermediate element according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate element has the shape of a cup-shaped plug (10), because the walls of the basket (14) for the pellets are configured by grooves (21), which reach up to the bottom of the basket, by way of sheets, because the damping part (16) consists of two ribs (19), arranged in parallel, in a V-shape with thin walls, whose ridge edges (20) are opposed and because the piece of shutter (18) is set as a bowl.

7. Intermediate element according to claim 6, characterized in that the walls of the basket (14) and of the sealing part (18) in each case become thinner towards its edge.

8. Intermediate element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the material is reinforced by biologically safe fibers, such as natural fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers or mineral fibers.

9. Intermediate element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the material is a synthetic material.