EP1340039B1 - Small-shot cartridges containing biodegradable separators - Google Patents
Small-shot cartridges containing biodegradable separators Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1340039B1 EP1340039B1 EP01991765A EP01991765A EP1340039B1 EP 1340039 B1 EP1340039 B1 EP 1340039B1 EP 01991765 A EP01991765 A EP 01991765A EP 01991765 A EP01991765 A EP 01991765A EP 1340039 B1 EP1340039 B1 EP 1340039B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- separator
- separator according
- gasket
- shot
- biodegradable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- -1 felt Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
- F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
- F42B7/08—Wads, i.e. projectile or shot carrying devices, therefor
Definitions
- the invention relates to an intermediate means between cargo and shot in one Shotgun shell.
- the Cupplugs are usually made of plastic, such as LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) or comparable materials.
- the Sealing discs can be made of other materials instead of plastic consist, for example, cardboard, felt, fibers or combinations the same. Such materials can lead to sealing problems and thus Disturbances of the internal ballistics, the shot development in the course, the ignition and Combustion processes, lead.
- a shotgun cartridge case which is a Intermediate means, which is composed of several parts together. Also Here preferred materials are non-biodegradable plastics as well Rubber.
- the object of the invention is to make the intermediate means so that they No longer burden the environment and at the same time improve the internal ballistics.
- the intermediate means, the Sealing disk according to the invention and the cup plug according to the invention are made of biodegradable, non-brittle materials, which are the Temperature load of the propellant gases without affecting the function Destruction tolerated and when stored under Kompostier discipline are completely biodegradable and also a shaping get an optimal seal against the hot gases of the Cause propellant charge.
- the biodegradable materials of the intermediate means such as the Plastic BAK from the company BAYER, advantageously allow degradation in nature by rotting in an appropriate time. When used on shooting ranges Disposal with household waste or composting possible.
- Plastic For example, biologically harmless fibers such as natural fibers, Carbon fibers, Glasfasem or Mineralfasem be reinforced.
- the structural design of the cup-shaped plug according to the invention with reinforced Slats allow optimal drive and clean guidance of the Shotgun blast.
- the damping part is designed so that a uniform Power transmission of the gas pressure on the shotgun and thus on the shotgun is guaranteed.
- the new design as well as the new materials of the interim means effect advantageous a uniform distribution of the shot shave.
- FIG. 1 shows a sealing disk 1 of the H-shape according to the invention from FIG biodegradable plastic.
- the outer diameter 2 and the diameter 3 of the reinforced central part 4 and the thickness 5 of the disc are so on each other Tuned that the forces of gas pressure over the entire disc surface evenly distributed on the shot load.
- the good seal of the disc 1 opposite to the sleeve wall is characterized by which the angle 6 to a thickness of reaches about 0.4 to 0.5 mm tapered two-sided webs 7, which thereby characterized as act on the sleeve wall clinging sealing lips.
- the angle 6 is about between 15 and 20 degrees.
- the middle part 4 tapers at the same angle 6.
- the thickness 5 of the disc is 3 mm and the Diameter 3 of the middle part 4 at its end face 7 mm. Because of that Sealing disk 1 is symmetrically shaped, it is not necessary to install under a certain direction, which facilitates the assembly of the cartridges.
- FIG. 2 shows a cup plug 10 according to the invention in longitudinal section.
- the Diameter 11 is tuned to the caliber and the total height 12, in present embodiment 40 mm, is divided into the height 13 of the basket 14th for the shot, here 23 mm, the height 15 of the damping part 16, here 9.5 mm, and the Height 17 of the cup-shaped sealing member 18, here 7.5 mm, the annular wall clings to the sleeve.
- the damping member 16 consists of two parallel arranged, thin-walled V-shaped webs 19, the ridge edges 20 itself opposite, as shown in Figure 3 can be seen.
- the basket 14 has on its periphery evenly distributes four up to the basket bottom reaching slots 21, the in Direction of the central axis 22 run.
- the individual wall segments act like resilient lamellae, which release the shotshell when exiting the projectile facilitate. Again, the shape of the intermediate means allows a uniform transfer of gas pressure to the shotshell and optimal Seal to the barrel.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Buffer Packaging (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Zwischenmittel zwischen Ladung und Schrot in einer Schrotpatrone.The invention relates to an intermediate means between cargo and shot in one Shotgun shell.
Je nach dem vorgesehenen Verwendungszweck enthalten Schrotpatronen entweder Dichtscheiben oder Becherpfropfen, die als sogenannte Zwischenmittel bezeichnet die Ladung von dem Schrot trennen. Die Becherpfropfen bestehen in der Regel aus Kunststoff, beispielsweise LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) oder vergleichbaren Werkstoffen. Die Dichtscheiben können statt aus Plastik auch aus anderen Werkstoffen bestehen, beispielsweise aus Pappe, Filz, Fasern oder Kombinationen derselben. Solche Werkstoffe können zu Dichtproblemen und damit zu Störungen der Innenballistik, der Schussentwicklung im Lauf, der Zündungsund Verbrennungsvorgänge, führen.Depending on the intended use contain shotgun cartridges either gaskets or cupplugs, called as Intermediate means to separate the load from the shot. The Cupplugs are usually made of plastic, such as LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) or comparable materials. The Sealing discs can be made of other materials instead of plastic consist, for example, cardboard, felt, fibers or combinations the same. Such materials can lead to sealing problems and thus Disturbances of the internal ballistics, the shot development in the course, the ignition and Combustion processes, lead.
In der US-PS 4,782,759 wird ein korbförmiges Zwischenmittel beschrieben, das vorzugsweise aus dem biologisch nicht abbaubaren Polyethylen gefertigt ist.In US-PS 4,782,759 a basket-shaped intermediate means is described is preferably made of non-biodegradable polyethylene.
Aus der GB 2 172 967 A ist eine Schrotpatronenhülse bekannt, die ein
Zwischenmittel aufweist, das aus mehreren Teilen zusammen gesetzt ist. Auch
hier sind bevorzugte Werkstoffe biologisch nicht abbaubare Kunststoffe sowie
Gummi.From
Werden diese Zwischenmittel durch den Schuss aus dem Lauf geschleudert und bleiben bei der Jagd in der Natur und beim sportlichen Schießen auf Schießständen liegen, belasten insbesondere die nicht verrottenden Kunststoffe die Umwelt. If these intermediate agents are thrown out of the barrel by the shot and stay on the hunt in nature and sport shooting Shooting ranges are, in particular burden the non-rotting plastics the environment.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Zwischenmittel so zu gestalten, dass sie die Umwelt nicht mehr belasten und gleichzeitig die Innenballistik verbessern.The object of the invention is to make the intermediate means so that they No longer burden the environment and at the same time improve the internal ballistics.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt dadurch, dass die Zwischenmittel, die erfindungsgemäße Dichtscheibe und der erfindungsgemäße Becherpfropfen, aus biologisch abbaubaren, nicht spröden Werkstoffen gefertigt werden, die die Temperaturbelastung der Treibgase ohne die Funktion beeinträchtigende Zerstörung vertragen und bei Lagerung unter Kompostierbedingungen vollkommen biologisch abbaubar sind und außerdem eine Formgebung erhalten, die eine optimale Abdichtung gegenüber den heißen Gasen der Treibladung bewirken. The solution of the problem is achieved in that the intermediate means, the Sealing disk according to the invention and the cup plug according to the invention, are made of biodegradable, non-brittle materials, which are the Temperature load of the propellant gases without affecting the function Destruction tolerated and when stored under Kompostierbedingungen are completely biodegradable and also a shaping get an optimal seal against the hot gases of the Cause propellant charge.
Die biologisch abbaubaren Werkstoffe der Zwischenmittel, beispielsweise der Kunststoff BAK der Firma BAYER, ermöglichen vorteilhaft einen Abbau in der Natur durch Verrotten in einer angemessen Zeit. Bei der Verwendung auf Schießständen ist eine Entsorgung mit dem Hausmüll oder eine Kompostierung möglich. Der Kunststoff kann beispielsweise durch biologisch unbedenkliche Fasern wie Naturfasern, Kohlefasem, Glasfasem oder Mineralfasem, verstärkt werden.The biodegradable materials of the intermediate means, such as the Plastic BAK from the company BAYER, advantageously allow degradation in nature by rotting in an appropriate time. When used on shooting ranges Disposal with household waste or composting possible. Plastic For example, biologically harmless fibers such as natural fibers, Carbon fibers, Glasfasem or Mineralfasem be reinforced.
Die konstruktive Gestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Becherpfropfens mit verstärkten Lamellen ermöglicht einen optimalen Antrieb und eine saubere Führung der Schrotladung. Das Dämpfungsteil ist so gestaltet, dass eine gleichmäßige Kraftübertragung des Gasdrucks auf den Schrotkorb und damit auf die Schrotgarbe gewährleistet ist.The structural design of the cup-shaped plug according to the invention with reinforced Slats allow optimal drive and clean guidance of the Shotgun blast. The damping part is designed so that a uniform Power transmission of the gas pressure on the shotgun and thus on the shotgun is guaranteed.
Die neue Formgebung sowie die neuen Werkstoffe der Zwischenmittel bewirken vorteilhaft eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Schrotgarbe.The new design as well as the new materials of the interim means effect advantageous a uniform distribution of the shot shave.
Anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen wird die Erfindung näher erläutert.
Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- eine erfindungsgemäße H-Scheibe in der Seitenansicht, geschnitten,
Figur 2- einen erfindungsgemäßen Becherpfropfen im Längsschnitt und
Figur 3- in der Aufsicht.
Show it:
- FIG. 1
- an H-plate according to the invention in side view, cut,
- FIG. 2
- a cup of the invention in longitudinal section and
- FIG. 3
- in the supervision.
Die Figur 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Dichtscheibe 1 der H-Form aus einem
biologisch abbaubaren Kunststoff. Der Außendurchmesser 2 und der Durchmesser 3
des verstärkten Mittelteils 4 sowie die Dicke 5 der Scheibe sind so aufeinander
abgestimmt, dass die Kräfte des Gasdrucks über die gesamte Scheibenfläche
gleichmäßig auf die Schrotladung verteilt werden. Die gute Abdichtung der Scheibe 1
gegenüber der Hülsenwand wird durch die sich um den Winkel 6 auf eine Dicke von
etwa 0,4 bis 0,5 mm verjüngenden beidseitigen Stege 7 erreicht, die dadurch wie sich
an die Hülsenwand anschmiegende Dichtlippen wirken. Der Winkel 6 liegt etwa
zwischen 15 und 20 Grad. Auch das Mittelteil 4 verjüngt sich um den gleichen Winkel
6. Bei einem Aussendurchmesser 2 von etwa 18,6 mm, auf das Kaliber abgestimmt,
und einer Gesamthöhe 9 von 7,2 mm beträgt die Dicke 5 der Scheibe 3 mm und der
Durchmesser 3 des Mittelteils 4 an seiner Stimfläche 7 mm. Dadurch, dass die
Dichtscheibe 1 symmetrisch geformt ist, ist es nicht notwendig, den Einbau unter einer
bestimmten Richtung vorzunehmen, was den Zusammenbau der Patronen erleichtert.FIG. 1 shows a sealing disk 1 of the H-shape according to the invention from FIG
biodegradable plastic. The
Die Figur 2 zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Becherpfropfen 10 im Längsschnitt. Der
Durchmesser 11 ist auf das Kaliber abgestimmt und die gesamte Höhe 12, im
vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel 40 mm, ist unterteilt in die Höhe 13 des Korbes 14
für den Schrot, hier 23 mm, die Höhe 15 des Dämpfungsteils 16, hier 9,5 mm, und die
Höhe 17 des napfförmigen Dichtungsteils 18, hier 7,5 mm, dessen ringförmige Wand
sich an die Hülse anschmiegt. Das Dämpfungsteil 16 besteht aus zwei parallel
angeordneten, dünnwandigen V-förmigen Stegen 19, deren Firstkanten 20 sich
gegenüberliegen, wie aus Figur 3 ersichtlich. Der Korb 14 weist auf seinem Umfang
gleichmäßig verteilt vier bis auf den Korbboden reichende Schlitze 21 auf, die in
Richtung der Mittelachse 22 verlaufen. Die einzelnen Wandsegmente wirken wie
federnde Lamellen, die die Freigabe der Schrotgarbe beim Austritt aus dem Geschoss
erleichtern. Auch hier ermöglicht die Formgebung des Zwischenmittels eine
gleichmäßige Übertragung des Gasdrucks auf die Schrotgarbe und eine optimale
Abdichtung zum Lauf.FIG. 2 shows a
Claims (9)
- A separator between charge and small shot in a shotgun cartridge, characterised in that the separator (1, 10) consists of a non-brittle, biodegradable material that tolerates the thermal stress of the propellant gases without function-impairing destruction and is totally biodegradable when stored under composting conditions.
- Separator according to Claim 1, characterised in that the separator has the form of an H-shaped, symmetrically formed gasket (1) which has a reinforced middle portion (4), in that the diameter (3) of the middle portion (4) and the outside diameter (2) of the gasket (1) are matched to one another in such a way that the forces of the gas pressure over the entire area of the gasket are uniformly distributed to the small-shot charge.
- Separator according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the ratio of the outside diameter (2) of the gasket (1) to the diameter (3) of the surface of the middle portion (4) amounts to approximately 2.3 to 1 to 2.8 to 1.
- Separator according to Claim 2 or 3, characterised in that on its upper side and on its underside on its outer edges the gasket (1) exhibits symmetrically formed members (7) which taper towards its ends and which act as sealing lips.
- Separator according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the middle portion (4) of the gasket (1) and also the members (7) taper at the same angle (6) and in that the angle (6) is between approximately 15 degrees and 20 degrees.
- Separator according to Claim 1, characterised in that the separator has the form of a cup stopper (10), in that the walls of the basket (14) for the small shot are formed in lamellar manner by slots (21) extending as far as the bottom of the basket, in that the damping portion (16) consists of two thin-walled, V-shaped members (19) arranged in parallel, the ridges (20) of which are situated opposite one another, and in that the sealing portion (18) is bowl-shaped.
- Separator according to Claim 6, characterised in that the walls of the basket (14) and of the sealing portion (18) each taper towards their edge.
- Separator according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the material is reinforced by biologically harmless fibres such as natural fibres, carbon fibres, glass fibres or mineral fibres.
- Separator according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the material is a synthetic material.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10059884 | 2000-12-01 | ||
| DE10059884 | 2000-12-01 | ||
| DE10156315A DE10156315A1 (en) | 2000-12-01 | 2001-11-19 | Shot cartridges with biodegradable intermediates |
| DE10156315 | 2001-11-19 | ||
| PCT/EP2001/013934 WO2002044644A2 (en) | 2000-12-01 | 2001-11-29 | Small-shot cartridges containing biodegradable separators |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1340039A2 EP1340039A2 (en) | 2003-09-03 |
| EP1340039B1 true EP1340039B1 (en) | 2004-10-27 |
Family
ID=26007856
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01991765A Expired - Lifetime EP1340039B1 (en) | 2000-12-01 | 2001-11-29 | Small-shot cartridges containing biodegradable separators |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040099172A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1340039B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE280939T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2002231645A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2230386T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002044644A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2422185B (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2008-06-18 | Pvaxx Res & Dev Ltd | A projectile cartridge, a wad for a projectile cartridge and a method of making thereof |
| DE102005005219B4 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-12-21 | Wilhelm Brenneke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Intermediate means for a shotgun projectile or a shotgun load |
| EP2775255A1 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-10 | Plásticos Hidrosolubles, S.l. | Wad for cartridge |
| US9528800B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2016-12-27 | College Of William And Mary | Degradable shotgun wad |
| FR3010410B1 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2016-12-23 | Jerome Chiesa | BIODEGRADABLE THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITION FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HUNTING MUNITIONS |
| EP3601936A4 (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2020-12-16 | College of William & Mary | Biodegradable shotgun gas sealing wad |
| FR3083599B1 (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-08-14 | Shoot Hunting Outdoor | BIODEGRADABLE BUCKET HOLDER FOR RIFLE CARTRIDGE |
| GB201912778D0 (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-10-23 | Mcleod Graham Richard | A wad for a shotgun cartridge |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3053185A (en) * | 1959-12-03 | 1962-09-11 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Expandable wads for shotgun shells |
| US3469527A (en) * | 1968-03-07 | 1969-09-30 | Leland A Pace | Shotgun wad |
| US3707915A (en) * | 1970-10-19 | 1973-01-02 | J Kerzman | Wad assembly for shotgun shell |
| GB2172967A (en) * | 1985-03-27 | 1986-10-01 | Scient Cartridge Developments | Shotgun cartridge |
| US4782759A (en) * | 1987-06-30 | 1988-11-08 | Hawk Walter J | Dual sealed composite wad structure |
| DE4016826A1 (en) * | 1990-05-26 | 1991-11-28 | Karl K Mayer | Shotgun cartridge - made of bio-degradable casing parts and environment-friendly shot |
| US5171934A (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1992-12-15 | Larry Moore | Shortened shotshell with double-cupped wadding |
| US5859090A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1999-01-12 | Federal Cartridge Company | Injection-modulable, polycaprolactone-based, biodegradable plastic articles such as shotshell components, and method of manufacturing same |
-
2001
- 2001-11-29 ES ES01991765T patent/ES2230386T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-29 AT AT01991765T patent/ATE280939T1/en active
- 2001-11-29 EP EP01991765A patent/EP1340039B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-29 WO PCT/EP2001/013934 patent/WO2002044644A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-29 AU AU2002231645A patent/AU2002231645A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-11-29 US US10/433,337 patent/US20040099172A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2230386T3 (en) | 2005-05-01 |
| ATE280939T1 (en) | 2004-11-15 |
| WO2002044644A2 (en) | 2002-06-06 |
| AU2002231645A1 (en) | 2002-06-11 |
| WO2002044644A3 (en) | 2002-08-22 |
| US20040099172A1 (en) | 2004-05-27 |
| EP1340039A2 (en) | 2003-09-03 |
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