ES2230101T3 - OPENING LIMITER HARDWARE. - Google Patents

Abstract

Hardware for a door or window (1) with a rotating blade (3) around an axis with respect to a frame and a piece of hardware (Y) that can be hidden concealed in a door or window renvalso and presents an opening limiting element (Q), which is designed to be permanently fixed with the frame (2) or the leaf (3) and, in case of a rotating opening movement from a contact position between the leaf (3 ) and the frame (2), hold the sheet (3) or the frame (2) in a predetermined opening rotation position preventing the opening movement from continuing, and in which the opening limiting element (Q) has a arm (Q) articulated in the frame (2) or the leaf (3), which in turn has a coupling element (P) to engage and disengage with a coupling piece (Z) of the leaf (3) or the frame (2), the leaf or frame coupling part consisting of a pin (Z) actuated by a drive linkage (8), characterized because the opening limiting element (Q) can be switched by a user between two operating states, so that, when it is in the first operating state, it acts by limiting the opening of the mode indicated above and, when switching to the second state of operation, does not limit the opening and the opening limiting element (Q) remains, without user intervention, in the operating state respectively adopted.

Description

Opening limiting hardware.

The present invention relates to hardware of window and door. In general, these fittings serve to join a sheet with a frame, this rotating blade being with respect to the framework to be able to open and close it, that is, to establish a coupling between the sheet and the frame. Rotating movement It can correspond to different axes of rotation. In case of axes of vertical turn refers to an opening turn movement or closure and in case of horizontal pivot axes there is talk of a tilting movement of opening or closing or of a movement swinging, depending on whether the axis of rotation is up or down. In this application, the "turn" concept is applied as generic concept for all conceivable rotation axes for an opening or closing movement of the sheet with respect to the framework.

In many cases you want to limit the magnitude of the rotating opening movement of the blade, that is, fix a opening angle This applies especially to tilting movement of window or door leaves with hardware swingarms or swinging-swinging fittings. For this is used for example conventional scissor arms that they can install on the top horizontal renvalso of a sheet and which, in case of a swinging opening movement, limit the tilt angle such that they only allow one position tilt ventilation and prevent the hardware from deteriorate by tilting movement that is too large and, with it, too large displacement of the center of gravity of the blade with respect to the plane of the frame. However, you can also conceive of many other possibilities of application in which pursues a limitation of a rotating opening movement.

In addition to the scissors arms of fittings swingarms mentioned above, in the current state of the art other opening limiting elements are also known. By For example, document DE 38 20 755 A1 discloses an element opening limiter, namely: an articulated arm in the frame with the one that engages a locking pin of a hardware device of connecting rod on the blade when the connecting rod fitting device is placed in the corresponding tilting position by means of a hardware drive element. If after a swinging opening movement, the arm rotates with respect to the blade plane and frame plane, and a bearing pin that supports it by engaging in a longitudinal hole in the arm bumps into one end of said longitudinal hole and fixes an angle of maximum opening tilt corresponding to the length from the arm.

When a closing movement of the blade, the closing pin disengages from the arm and reaches a area of the same that is open laterally, so that if re-execute a swinging opening movement without connecting rod connecting device, arm not Produces no interlocking opening limiter. This possibility Unlocking the opening limiter element must provide a possibility of escape for emergency situations. He opening limiter element is constructed such that, after a closing movement of the leaf and a drive of the connecting rod fitting device to its closed position, between the arm bearing pin and the longitudinal hole are again produces a relative movement such that the arm returns to perform its function when the leaf is opened again.

The invention is based on the technical problem consisting of indicating an improved hardware with respect to current state of the art, with a piece of hardware with element opening limiter

To solve this technical problem has been perfected a hardware for a window or a door with the attributes indicated in the characteristic part of the claim one.

The invention also relates to windows and Doors with such hardware.

The dependent claims indicate preferred configurations of the hardware and the ironwork.

Consequently, the fundamental idea of the invention is that the user can override permanent operation of the opening limiter element and activate it again at will, so that the window or door will  can handle in each case as if the limiting element of opening was not present or as if it had just been installed again. This fundamental idea is based on the finding that the possibility envisaged in the current state of the technique, which is that the opening limiting element can be unlocked for emergencies, it is not for use daily of an opening limiting function, since after each drive of the connecting rod fitting or the hardware drive, for example the window handle, is The unlocking process must be carried out again. In addition, the Unlocking process is inconvenient for the user, because for that It is necessary to close and reopen the entire sheet. Due to the combination of the recurring need for an item unlock opening limiter and the hardness and discomfort of this process, this solution actually only serves as a security solution for emergencies

On the other hand, the invention allows the operation of the opening limiter element for use daily for the time desired by the user. The user You have the possibility of switching the limiter element at will  opening again to the first "active" operating state, the opening limiting element remaining in its second "passive" operating status until this process of commutation.

This can be advantageous for example when a full opening movement of the blade and limited opening rotation position is only used occasionally, for example in the case of a window through the which objects must be passed frequently but also due be able to place in a ventilation gap position, or in case of a door that serves as a step but also additionally should be able to adopt a venting position, without need to provide for it a hardware swing-complete swingarm.

In the invention it is especially desirable that at minus the hardware according to the invention with the element opening limiter, for example the described arm, can be ride completely hidden in a renvalso, since, of this mode, the additional function of the hardware according to the invention does not negatively influence the exterior appearance of the window or the door. In particular, in practice, the hardware according to the invention can also be completely ignored when it is not necessary, and in case of users unfamiliar with the operation does not raise any questions or concerns regarding the correct handling of the window or door. On the other hand when you really have to switch the hardware element, this one is also accessible in the renvalso without the least difficulty being the sheet in a partially open position, which does not produce any impairment of manageability.

Preferably, the limiting element of opening is configured as an arm that is mounted so articulated in the frame or in the sheet and that can be engaged or disengage with the other party in each case, that is, the sheet or the frame, through an arm coupling element. For it, a coupling piece is provided on the sheet or in the frame complementary to the arm coupling element, which does not However, it may consist of a conventional piece, in particular A piece of hardware.

In this context it is preferable that the possibility of switching of the opening limiter arm by the user consists of a possibility of turning from a first to a second position and vice versa, being assigned each of the two positions to one of the two operating states. To do this, in the first position assigned to the first operating state, the arm coupling element is located in an area in the that can be engaged with the blade coupling part or the frame corresponding to the opening limiting effect. In the second position, the arm coupling element is it is outside of said gear zone. In the simplest case,  it is about an arm rotation movement of approximately 180º around the joint of its fixation on the sheet or frame. In that case it is only necessary that on both sides of the articulated fixation there is enough space for the arm.

The coupling piece of the sheet or frame it can consist for example of a spike for which, as arm coupling element, a recess of gear in the arm. To do this, this gear recess is preferably arranged at the end of the arm opposite the axis of the  support on the frame or sheet. Thus, the rotation of the arm with with respect to the plane of the sheet and the plane of the frame does not interfere in the opening turning movement.

Since the limited opening position default by the opening limiter will be used frequently as a ventilation position, the invention provides as additional configuration to ensure this position against a closing movement by means of a device retention. Due to the effect of the retention device, for closing the blade again requires a certain minimum force. If this minimum force is properly selected, the user you can close the sheet again without any difficulty, but it doesn't It can be closed by its own weight and / or by drafts, or It can be closed by children or other unwanted influences. He retention device preferably consists of a spring, by example in the recess of gear for the spike.

In case of a pin as a coupling piece of the window or the frame, the arm can also be provided a gear opening preferably arranged at the periphery of the axis of the articulated fixing in the frame or the leaf. In that case, if the spike is for example a spindle driven by a drive linkage, can engage in said opening of engage in a closed position of the hardware, so that the opening limiting element produces additional assurance of the closed position. In this context, keep in mind that the arm, seen from the axis of the articulated fixation, protrudes from the pin gear in the gear opening and, in case of an opening movement, the window or door frame or the frame of the blade prevents the tilting of this end distal protrusion of the arm with respect to the plane of the blade and the plane of the frame, so that a blocking effect occurs even without interlocking the articulated arm support.

The lock can be further improved also in front of movements in the planes of the leaf and the frame employing a cross-sectional cross-sectional shape and a shape complementary cross section of the spike.

If the arm support in the frame or the blade it presents a certain impediment of rotation, a involuntary modification of the switching position of the arm. This involuntary adjustment can take place for example by the tilt of the blade when the arm is mounted on it, or by the impulses produced in case of leaf movements throughout the area of leaf and frame, or to go through the frame involuntary, especially when the arm is oriented towards up in the current switching position. Inhibitions of suitable turning consist for example of elastic discs or in elastically deformable plastic bushings in the holder, it is that is, in general elastic fastening means.

According to the invention, the assembly of the Hardware element can be simplified by providing a device mounting aid that predetermines a fixed relative position with regarding another piece of hardware. For this comes into consideration for example the piece of hardware that presents a connection for a hardware drive element, for example a coupling for a window or door handle, or a piece of hardware assigned to this piece of hardware on the side of the frame. As a rule In general, special measures are planned in the framework of the sheet, for example recesses, precisely for the assembly of this piece of hardware, or so and everything is necessary an adjustment for the piece of assigned hardware on the side of the frame. In this way, these pieces of  hardware constitute to some extent benchmarks for the assembly of all other hardware parts. Through the auxiliary mounting device is no longer necessary to carry out no complicated measurement and marking of the mounting position for the hardware according to the invention, rather, with help of the auxiliary mounting device, it can be supported, fastened or  similarly placed in a suitable area of the other piece of hardware that serves as a reference point.

The auxiliary mounting device can also be detachable This has the advantage of allowing the use of different auxiliary mounting devices for cases of different application, so that with the same hardware according to the invention different positions can be adjusted relative in assembly. In addition, the auxiliary mounting device Detachable can be designed so that it can change sides, so that in practice you can also take into account a right-left shift by a simple change of the mounting position of the auxiliary mounting device. Do not However, this only applies to auxiliary devices of asymmetric mounting, for example a hook, which in this invention it is the preferred embodiment of the auxiliary device of mounting. For that matter, see the example of realization.

As already mentioned in the introduction, the invention also relates to a hardware that in addition to this Hardware also includes other parts, as the invention improves the functional properties of all hardware. It's the same applicable to a window or door where a hardware of this type, since in that case the window or the door They have better use characteristics.

As also mentioned above, the coupling piece in the sheet or in the frame consists preferably in a pin driven by a linkage of drive In that case, the hardware according to the invention also correspondingly includes the drive linkage with the spike. It can be for example a linkage of conventional drive of a hardware swinging-swinging The spike can consist of a conventional locking pin provided, replacing only a mounting plate with a closing gear for closing pin by the hardware according to the invention. In this context reminds that the opening limiter arm according to the invention may have a locking gear opening for the closing pin. As already mentioned, the opening of locking gear may have a cross-sectional shape undercut In that case, a suitable spike has a section fungiform transverse at least in the direction correspondent.

A special aspect of the invention consists in which, in addition to the opening limiting hardware piece above described, the hardware according to the invention has at least one second piece of opening limiting hardware. If the second opening limiter fitting allows a turning position more open than the first, the hardware according to the invention leads to a modification of the maximum opening rotation angle possible by switching capacity between the first state active operation and the second operating state passive. Consequently, for example you can choose an angle of major or minor tilting as a ventilation position of a tilting window or a tilting door, depending on whether you want a greater air passage (with hot weather in summer) or less (with cold weather in winter). Therefore, the hardware according to In this case, the invention has two opening rotation positions. optional

Obviously, the second piece of hardware it can also be a piece of hardware according to the invention, so that the opening limiting function can be canceled again by complete by putting the two hardware pieces in the second position of operation. Of course you can also provide a third hardware with opening limiting function, so that three opening rotation positions are possible.

However, in the invention it is especially it is preferred to add the hardware according to the invention to a otherwise conventional hardware with a scissor arm as part of opening limiting hardware, so that by means of the piece of fitting according to the invention a turning position of minor opening with respect to the function of the scissor arm, the turning position of scissor arm opening. This refers in particular to the tilting function of tilting windows and doors.

The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in detail In the figures. The individual characteristics disclosed in such explanation may also be essential of the invention in Other combinations In particular, the disclosure of the invention in the previous general description and the following explanation it also has procedural aspects that also have to to be able to resort later in the concession process.

In particular:

Figure 1 shows a window according to the invention in an opening turning position;

Figure 2 shows the window in a position of opening tilt;

Figure 3 shows a part of a hardware according to the invention with the three-limit opening hardware mounting situations;

Figure 4 shows a representation corresponding to the left representation of Figure 3, but in which additional positions of switching of an opening limiter arm and a spindle of closing;

Figure 5 shows a section along the V-V line of Figure 7;

Figure 6 shows a section along the line VI-VI of Figure 7;

Figure 7 shows an enlarged representation of the opening limiter arm of Figures 3 and 4;

Figure 8 shows a representation corresponding to Figure 7 but in the opening position of the blade, also being represented a piece of connecting rod fitting the sheet; Y

Figure 9 shows a representation corresponding to Figure 8 in a perspective turned 90 °.

In relation to the details of the window with swing-rocker hardware represented in detail as an embodiment example reference is made in first place to the previous application DE 199 11 893.0 of the same applicant, whose publication content is included here.

Figure 1 shows a window 1 with a frame fixed 2 and a rotating blade 3 with respect to it. Sheet 3 is rotating around a vertical axis 5 which is formed by hinge hardware 4 in the right area of the fixed frame 2.

Figure 2 shows an alternative possibility of rotating movement. In this case, sheet 3 is tilting with with respect to the fixed frame 2 around a tilting axis horizontal 6 in the lower area of the fixed frame 2. In addition there is the possibility of opening rotation of Figure 1. As a consequence of  this, this window consists of a window swinging-swinging The window hardware presents a conventional scissor arm 7 as a limiting element opening

In Figure 1 the parts of hardware related to the tilting function. The arrow visible on the right side of Figure 1 symbolizes the movement of rotation of a window handle 16 as a drive element of hardware by which you can switch between a position of closing of the hardware when the sheet 3 is supported by frame 2, the opening rotation position shown in Figure 1 and the tilt position shown in Figure 2. To do this, the hardware has guided drive rods 8 so that they can move in the longitudinal direction, which they drive pins 9 and are actuated by the turning movement symbolized through a conventional singing mechanism 15 of the window handle 16. Pin 9 has assigned elements of gear 10 that ensures the closing position of the leaf 3.

Figures 1 and 2 also draw a hardware part 26 and an opening limiting hardware piece Y according to the invention. These two pieces are represented in detail in Figure 3. The hardware piece 26 is the counter-part of the frame side corresponding to the piece of hardware on the side of the blade that includes the handle window 16 and the singing mechanism 15. The hardware opening limiter Y according to the invention is arranged on the hardware piece 26 so that it can act in conjunction with a spike with a mushroom head Z on the side of the blade, which also It is operated through drive linkage 8.

According to Figure 3, the hardware 26 consists of a rail with a discharge element 35 for the sheet 3. For more details regarding lane 26, in particular with regarding a block against wrong operation not represented in figures and discharge element 35, see document DE 199 11 893 above. The perspective of Figures 3 to 8 has been chosen in such a way that leaf 3 opens to the left. In consequently, according to Figures 3 to 8, in the representation of Figures 1 and 2 looks from the right towards the left frame stringer. The limiting hardware piece of opening And must be placed above lane 26 according to Figure 3. In this context there are essentially three possibilities. The variant represented in the center of Figure 3 provides for the placement of the hardware piece Y in the frame without is physically connected with lane 26, and must be oriented in suitable mode so that it is aligned with the position of the spike closure Z. However, according to the invention, in the element Y a removable hook V can be provided as an element mounting aid that can be inserted in a housing lane 26. The accommodation in lane 26 is indicated with O. In this way a relative position is predetermined Exactly between the hardware piece Y and rail 26.

The hook V is arranged on the mounting plate T through a socket connection, for which a arm extending perpendicular to the mounting plate T. By consequently, the hook V can also be fitted on the plate mounting T from the other side, so that the hardware piece Y is you can use both for right opening windows 1 and for windows 1 opening to the left.

Intermediate elements W can also be used if greater distances are desired between rail 26 and the piece of hardware Y, as can be seen in the right representation of Figure 3. These elements W can also be fixed in the lane 26 and in turn offer a housing for the hook V. The exact predetermination of a relative position by auxiliary mounting device, i.e. the hook V and the intermediate element W, simplifies the placement of the workpiece hardware And according to the invention, since it is not necessary to measure it and mark it separately. Rather, due to their joint action with the hardware part of the edge mechanism 15, rail 26 has to be mount oriented without further respect to this, which can be easily carry out for example with the help of the element of discharge 35. Thus, the hook V, possibly together with a intermediate element W, predetermines a piece adjustment of hardware And with respect to the singing mechanism 15. Since the spike Z closure is also adjusted with respect to the mechanism of edge 15 through drive linkage 8, also ensures a functionally adequate position relationship between the hardware piece Y and the closing pin Z.

Figures 5, 6 and 7 show in detail the structure of the hardware piece And according to the invention. This It has a mounting plate T on which it is articulated swivel an opening limiter arm Q through an S axis. this exemplary embodiment, the arm Q is oriented from the axis S down when it is in the position corresponding to the First active operating state. Figure 4, which at other corresponds to the left representation of Figure 3, additionally includes at the top a representation of the second passive position of the arm Q, in which it is oriented from the S axis upwards.

The Q arm has at its distal end a gear recess P as coupling element for the pin of closing Z. The gear recess P is represented in section in Figure 5. You can see that in the area of the gear recess P a spring M is provided that delimits the cross section of the gear recess P, which thus It is undercut. The cross section opened by the spring M is narrow a little more at the end, to define a section final L. The gear recess P is formed essentially because the spring M is surrounded at the end by a section of material that rises from the arm Q and by two vertices of rotation oriented one towards the other. This is represented in Figures 5 and 7.

The opening limiter arm Q has another gear recess near the S axis, namely: a recess of locking gear O. This is represented in cross section in Figure 6, a section having also been chosen in this case cross-sectioned. Between the recesses O and P, the arm Q It has a laterally open area N.

The mounting plate T is screwed to frame 2 by corresponding holes. The opening limiter arm Q is articulated on the mounting plate T with a bushing plastic that slightly inhibits its rotation. In this way it maintains the positions shown in Figure 4 despite the action of the force of gravity, shaking and other disturbances. Do not However, instead of inhibiting the rotation of the S axis, you can also provide a retention device or other fixing device holding the opening limiter arm Q correspondingly in The first or second position.

Figure 4 shows three positions A, B, D of the closing pin Z, which are displaced to the right of the arm opening limiter Q. The right shift serves to interpret the drawing more easily. Actually, in the perspective of Figure 4, positions A, B and D are found in the area of arm Q. It can be seen that in a position of closure A, the closing pin Z engages in the recess of lock O. In an opening turning position B, the spindle of Z closure is arranged in the laterally open area N. In a opening tilt position D, engages in the gear recess P.

Figures 8 and 9 illustrate the operation combination of the opening limiter arm Q with the closing pin Z. In the perspective rotated 90º shown in Figure 9 you can note that, in the opening rotation position B, the spindle of Z closure is in the laterally open area N, so that the window can be opened by rotating it around axis 5 corresponding to Figure 1. Regardless of whether the opening limiter arm is in the first state of operation or in the second, no effect takes place opening limiter

When the closing pin Z is in the opening tilt position N, is entered in the gear recess P in the dock area M. If then swing the leaf 3 by rotating it around axis 6 correspondingly  to Figure 2, the opening limiter arm Q deviates with with respect to the plane of sheet 3 and frame 2 correspondingly to Figure 8. To do this, the opening tilt position D of the closing pin Z is arranged slightly above the end bottom L of the gear recess P. Therefore, during the swinging opening movement, the spike Z can be followed sliding to the end L of the gear recess P. The pin Z bumps when reaching said end L, so that the arm opening limiter Q secures sheet 3 so you cannot continue the swinging opening movement by means of a coupling between the S axis and the shaft formed by the gear of the pin Z at the end L of the gear recess.

The end L of the gear recess P is configured as retention position by the shape of the spring M, so that sheet 3 can only be tilted backwards applying a certain minimum force. To do this, the spike Z has of going through the narrowing of the spring M through the end L of the gear recess P and, consequently, separate the pier M.

When the closing pin Z is in the closing position A, engages in the locking recess O. This gear, together with the lock by pin 9 and the gears corresponding lock 10 (Figures 1 and 2), serves as fixation additional. In this position of the closing pin Z, the arm opening limiter Q cannot rotate with respect to the plane of the sheet and frame 2, since the limiter arm Q meets the leaf renvalso walls.

Both in the closed position A and in the opening tilt position D, the mushroom shape of the pin Z prevents it from moving laterally out of the recess O or P. For this, as already mentioned, the O and P recesses have a cross-sectional cross section.

When the opening limiter arm Q is on the second position sketched in Figure 4, that is, when it is oriented from the S axis upwards, it is in the Second state of passive operation. In this case, the spike of Z closure does not act in conjunction with the opening bounding arm Q, regardless of the position of the closing pin Z. This second passive operating state is maintained until a user manually switches the opening limiter arm Q of the second to the first position, that is, when it turns 180º towards down. In the first position resulting from this operation, the opening limiter arm Q is in the first state of active operation to act in conjunction with the spike of Z closure as described. This operating status is also holds until a user turns the arm 180º again towards Up to the second position. Therefore the arm opening limiter Q, more generally the limiting element opening, constitutes a driving element for the switching between its operating states, adjusting the operating states permanently in each case, it is say that these states are not automatically canceled or by other manipulations in the window fitting 1.

The opening tilting position represented in Figure 2 is defined by the scissor arm opening limiter 7 included in the drawing. The position of tilt opening predetermined by the hardware opening limiter Y is less open than the position represented in Figure 2. The exact magnitude of the position of opening tilt can be predetermined by height Mounting the hardware part Y, the arm length opening limiter Q and distance from position D of the closing pin Z with respect to the S axis. In the assembly shown together with the opening scissor arm 7, using the switching of the opening limiter fitting and between the first and second operating status changes the opening angle of the opening tilt, specifically between the angle defined by the hardware piece Y and the angle defined by the opening scissor arm 7.

Obviously, instead of the scissor arm 7 it could provide another element of limiter opening hardware, for example another hardware element And according to the invention, being able to define a different angle by modifying one of the mentioned geometric quantities. However, the piece of hardware And according to the invention can also be used for a opening turning movement as shown in Figure 1. To do this, the hardware piece Y should be configured such that the opening limiting effect took place in the opening rotation position B of the closing pin Z or other spike. For example, the opening limiter arm Q could be mounted in such a way that in the first active position it was oriented from the S axis upwards, being able to dispense with the lock recess O. In that case, in position B, the pin of closing Z would be engaged with the gear recess P and, in position D, would be in the laterally open zone N. In this context, in the second passive operating state normally it will be desired that a turning movement of Unlimited opening of sheet 3, that is, do not foresee any other opening limiting hardware.

Otherwise, the invention can also be use with only rotating or tilting windows, being able to keep the area open laterally N for, in a position intermediate of the closing pin Z between a closing position and an opening position, to be able to disengage the closing pin Z and the opening limiter arm Q so that arm Q can be commute.

Regardless of the exact use in tilt movements or opening rotation, the hardware opening limiter serves in any case to set a state slit opening in which an exchange can take place of limited air for ventilation purposes, but in which the blade does not  It is completely open. In this way there is still a Certain security against theft. In conjunction with another element opening limiter, for example scissor arm 7, can be achieve different slit opening positions, for example to adapt to outdoor weather conditions, that is, in case of a cold winter weather, a position of slit opening less open with hardware part Y, while in case of warmer weather in summer it is set a slit opening position more open with the arm of scissor 7.

Claims (15)

1. Hardware for a door or window (1) with a rotating blade (3) around an axis with respect to a frame and a piece of hardware (Y) that can be hidden concealed in a door or window renvalso and has an opening limiting element (Q), which is designed to be permanently fixed with the frame (2) or the leaf (3) and, in case of a rotating opening movement from a contact position between the leaf (3) and the frame (2), hold the sheet (3) or the frame (2) in a predetermined opening rotation position preventing the opening movement from continuing, and in which the opening limiting element (Q) It has an arm (Q) articulated in the frame (2) or the leaf (3), which in turn has a coupling element (P) to engage and disengage with a coupling piece (Z) of the leaf (3) or the frame (2), the sheet or frame coupling part consisting of a pin (Z) actuated by a drive linkage (8), characterized ado because

the element Opening limiter (Q) can be switched by a user between two operating states, so that when it is in the first operating state, acts limiting the opening of the above mode and, when switching to the second state of operation, does not limit the opening and the limiting element of opening (Q) remains, without user intervention, in the state operating respectively adopted.

2. Hardware according to claim 1, wherein the arm (Q) can be switched by the user from the first service status until the second and vice versa by turning from a first to a second position, the element of coupling (P) for the first position in a gear zone of the coupling piece (Z) of the sheet or frame, and for the second position outside said gear zone. 3. Hardware according to claim 1 or 2, in the that the arm coupling element (Q) has a gear recess for a pin (Z), which is arranged in the arm end (Q) opposite the support shaft (S). 4. Hardware according to one of the claims above, with a retention device (M) to retain the sheet (Q) in the opening rotation position with respect to a movement of closing. 5. Hardware at least according to one of the previous claims, wherein the coupling element (P) of the arm (Q) has a spring (M) as a device for retention. 6. Hardware at least according to claim 1, in which the arm (Q) has a locking gear opening (O) close to the axis (S) of its support for the locking gear of the spike (Z). 7. Hardware according to claim 6, wherein the locking gear opening (O) has a sectional shape cross-sectioned. 8. Hardware at least according to claim 1, with an inhibition of positioning. 9. Hardware according to one of the claims above, with an auxiliary mounting device (V) for adjust, during assembly, a fixed relative position between the hardware piece (Y) and another hardware piece (26). 10. Hardware according to claim 9, wherein The auxiliary mounting device (V) is removable. 11. Hardware according to claim 9 or 10, in the that the auxiliary mounting device has a hook (V). 12. Hardware according to claim 1, wherein the spike (Z) has a fungiform cross section. 13. Hardware according to one of claims 1 to 12 and with a second piece of opening limiting hardware (7), the second piece of opening limiting hardware being designed (7) to limit the rotary opening movement in a opening rotation position more open than the first piece of hardware (Y). 14. Hardware according to claim 13, wherein The second piece of hardware is a scissor arm (7). 15. Window (1) or door with a hardware according to a of claims 1 to 14.