ES2209714T3 - DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE ASSEMBLY OF CONTROL OF A RECTIFIER MACHINE. - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for the control assembly of a grinding machine (1), in which at least one grinding wheel (10) rotated by means of drive (11) is positionable (23, 24) by means of activating means, with respect to a body of contact (6, D) carried by means of support and positioning (4, 5b) and that physically interact with the rotating wheel (10): and said grinding machine comprising: - A security enclosure (13) to enclose the movable parts (10, 6, 4, 8) of the machine; said movable parts comprising at least said abrasive wheel (10) and said contact body (6, D) and said enclosure (13) being accessible from the outside through at least one opening (14) in the enclosure; - Closing means (15), movable between a rest position and a service position that closes said opening (14); and - Vibration sensor means (18) for determining the contact (140) between said abrasive wheel (10) and said touch body (6, D).

Description

Device and method for control assembly of a grinding machine.

The present invention relates to a device and to a method for the control assembly of a machine rectify, as set forth in the preambles of the Claims 1 and 6 respectively.

Grinding machines are known in which a support structure comprises a support device for withstand opposite ends of a workpiece substantially axially symmetric, to rotate the workpiece around its longitudinal axis and to move the workpiece forward and back in a straight first direction.

Grinding machines also include  at least one grinding wheel turned by an electric motor and that It is radially movable towards the work piece and back in a second transverse direction - in particular, perpendicular to The first address. For example, WO 95/03913 describes a grinding machine

Known grinding machines are generally controlled by an electronic control unit that controls the movements of the grinding wheel, and a device of support to move the wheel towards the work piece and backwards in several directions, and perform various operations grinding machines on the work piece.

The electronic control unit comprises means  interface -generally a keyboard and video- to program the unit, that is, enter orders that create instructions coded to control the movement of the tooth and perform several elementary grinding cycles, each of which is characterized by a given position of the tooth, and by the way which the wheel moves towards the work piece and contacts the same.

However, such programming is preceded by the so-called machine assembly stage, in which the wheel is moved manually towards the work piece until the rotating wheel physically contacts (touches) with the piece of job; at which time, an order is issued to determine and memorize the coordinates of the wheel and the workpiece in relationship to the contact position.

The coordinates indicated below are used to perform successive programming stages.

The contact between the wheel and the workpiece It is usually monitored by an operator who issues an order to move the tooth towards the work piece and, simultaneously, visually determines the position of the wheel with respect to the Workpiece. Upon contact of the parts, as determined by direct visual observation, a manual order is issued to determine and memorize the contact positions of the wheel and the Workpiece.

To visually determine the position of the grinding wheel, the grinding machine must have an opening that allows a clear view of the moving parts, that is, the tooth and the work piece inside.

The above-mentioned manual procedure, obviously does not meet the numerous (eg European) standards of security that require all moving parts of a grinding machine are housed during service, within a security enclosure that offers absolutely no access from outside.

Therefore, any procedure of assembly based on a visual observation of the moving parts, cannot in any way be done according to the regulations of security, because the enclosing the moving parts of the machinery within a security enclosure - even one with transparent parts - makes clear a clear view of the point of contact between the wheel and the work piece.

An object of the present invention is to offer a device and a method for a controlled assembly of a machine grinding machine under maximum safety conditions throughout moment, that is to say with the internal moving parts of the machine housed within a security enclosure that prevents access from the outside.

According to the present invention, a device for controlled assembly of a machine grinding machine, as described in Claim 1.

The present invention also relates to a method for the controlled assembly of a grinding machine, as described in claim 8.

The invention will be described below with particular reference to the attached drawings, in which:

Figure 1 shows an exterior view in perspective of a grinding machine operating according to the present invention

Figure 2 shows a top plan view Schematic of the grinding machine of Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a flow chart of the method for the controlled assembly of a grinding machine, according to the present invention.

Figure 4 shows a large-scale view of a detail of the grinding machine of Figure 1.

In number 1 in Figures 1 and 2 indicated in general a known grinding machine, in which a support structure (2) (Figure 2) comprises a straight guide (3) to along which a car (4) runs, driven by devices activators (not shown) in reverse direction in a Z direction defined by the straight guide (3).

The carriage (4) carries a support device known (5) to hold a workpiece (6) substantially, axially symmetrically, aligned with the Z address. More specifically, the support device (5) It comprises two vertical structures 5a, 5b located on sides opposite the carriage (4) and to hold the opposite ends 6a, 6b of workpiece 6 with its longitudinal axis H parallel to the Z direction. The work piece (6) is a generic metal part (eg an axis) to rectify.

The support device (5) rotates the piece of work (6) around a longitudinal axis H.

Additionally, the grinding machine (1) it also comprises a straight guide (7) along which it runs a car (8), activated by activating devices (not shown), inversely in an X direction, perpendicular to the Z direction. The carriage (8) carries a support structure (9) with a wheel abrasive (10) rotated by an electric motor (11) around a rotation axis R transversely to the X direction. The carriage (8) can of course hold a number of grinding wheels -particularly two- on the contrary to the one shown.

The support structure (9) can also be angularly oriented (by activators not shown) around a vertical axis in relation to the carriage (8), to modify the angle formed between the Z and X directions. In the embodiment shown, said angle is a fixed angle of 90º.

The grinding machine (1) is controlled by an electronic control unit (12) that controls:

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The movement of carriage (4) along the guide (3) to adjust the position Z-direction of the workpiece (6), and

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the movement of carriage (8) along the guide (7) to adjust the position X-direction of the grinding wheel (10) and move the grinding wheel (10) towards / in the opposite direction, to the workpiece (8).

The grinding machine (1) also includes sensors (not shown) to determine continuously, in relation at the origin of a reference system (not shown), the position X, Xp direction of the grinding wheel (10) and position Z-direction Zp of the carriage (4), and consequently the work piece (6).

The grinding machine (1) also includes an external metal security enclosure (13) (Figure 1), which it has substantially a parallelepiped shape and houses all the mechanical / electromechanical components of the machine (1). Plus specifically, the security enclosure (13) comprises a front opening (14) that facilitates access to internal parts of the machinery, such as the structure (9) that supports the grinding wheel (10) and the carriage that holds the workpiece (6).

The front opening (14) has a door sliding (15) that is movable between a resting position, in which the aforementioned components are accessible internal to the machine from the outside of the enclosure (13) a through the opening (14) and a closed position in which the opening (14), is fully closed, and does not allow access from the outside to any part of the machinery inside the enclosure (13).

More specifically, the door (15) comprises a contoured metal frame (18) holding a transparent wall contoured (17) constructed of synthetic material hits.

According to the present invention, the unit electronics (12) cooperates with a vibration sensor device (18) (Figure 4) connected to the grinding wheel (10). Alternatively, the vibration sensor device (18) can be connected to the device (5) that holds the piece of job.

The vibration sensor device (18) comprises an ultrasonic probe coaxially located with the grinding wheel (10) and to detect the vibration produced, when grinding abrasive (10) contact the workpiece (6).

More specifically (Figure 4), the grinding wheel  (10) is fixed to a first tubular bushing (20a) that is extends axially from the wheel (10) and is fixed to its end free, and with a second tubular bushing (20b) housing a first component (19a) of the sensor (18). A first component (19a) rotates with the wheel (10), it is rigidly connected to the wheel (10) using the bushings (20a, 20b) and has a free end faced with a second component (19b) of the sensor (18). A second component (19b) transmits energy to the first component (19a) in the form of waves (electromagnetic waves or rays infrared) and that contribute to supply an electronic circuit (not shown) of the first element (19a). Electronic circuit (not shown) is connected to a sensor (not shown) to detect the vibration produced in the wheel (10) by contacting a touch element (workpiece or diamond tool), and transmitted from the wheel (10) to the first component (19a) through the bushings (20a, 20b). The electronic circuit is capable to discriminate between the vibration indicated above and any other vibration and / or interference picked up by the sensor, to supply a transmitter circuit (not shown) with information related to the vibration detected and that is supplied to a second element (19b) in the form of radiation electromagnetic

In general, the probe (18) generates a signal flip-flop (generated by component (19b)) that assumes a first logistic value -ej. a "zero" logic - when detecting a vibration caused by the grinding wheel (10) by contacting a touch element, and a second logistic value - in particular, a "one" logic - when no vibration is detected, that is,  indicating lack of contact between the wheel (10) and the element of I touched.

The operation of the grinding machine (1), according to the method of the present invention, will be described with reference to the flow chart of Figure 3.

First, a first box (100) closes the front opening (14) moving the door (15) from the rest position to that of closed. This can be achieved manually using a handle (22) on the door (15) (Figure 1), or automatically using a controlled servo (not shown) controlled by the electronic unit (12).

Box (100) is followed by a box (110), which determines if the opening (14) is closed. If so, box (110) is followed by a box (120), which starts a machine safety assembly procedure (1), that is, closed door, with the opening (14) closed by the door (15), and all the internal parts of the machine (1) inaccessible from the exterior of the enclosure (13). The closing of the door (15) can be determined, for example, by position sensors (no shown) to detect the correct closed position of the door (fifteen); and a programmed mechanical seal of the door (15), to prevent the door (15) from being opened again until the grinding wheel (10) is perfectly stationary

Box (120) is followed by box (130) which allows manual positioning of the grinding wheel (10) with respect to the work piece (6). In particular, the operations in box (130) include:

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move the tooth (10) in the X direction towards the support device (5) and a then to the workpiece (6) - this can be controlled  using a first swivel handle (23) connected to a probe (not shown) to supply signals to the unit electronics (12), which, in response, produces signals for check the triggers (not shown) of the carriage (8) and in consequently move the grinding wheel (10) in the X direction; Y

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move the piece of work (6) in the Z direction to vary the position of the workpiece work (6), laterally in relation to the grinding wheel (10) - This can be controlled by a second rotating handlebar (24) connected to a probe (not shown) to supply signals to the electronic unit (12), which, in response produces signals for check the triggers (not shown) of the carriage (4) and in consequently move the workpiece (6) in the Z direction.

Box (130) is followed by a box (140) which constantly controls the signal generated by the device vibration sensor (18). More specifically, when the signal generated by the vibration sensor device (18) assumes a value logistic "1", that is, when none is detected vibration, indicating therefore, lack of contact between the tooth (10) and work piece (6), box (140) returns to the box (130). On the contrary, when the signal generated by the vibration sensor device (18) assumes a logistic value "0", that is, when vibration is detected, indicating by both, contact between the wheel (10) and the workpiece (6), the box (140) returns to box (150).

According to the present invention, the device support (5) - in particular, the vertical structure (5b) - can also be equipped with a diamond tool D known, which comprises a rod that extends from the vertical structure (5b) towards the wheel (10) and is fixed on the Free end with an industrial diamond. As an alternative to wheel contact procedure (10) -piece of Work (6), indicated above, diamond tool D sharpen the tooth (10). That is, the industrial diamond contacts the rotating grinding wheel (10) to remove a surface layer of the wheel (10), sharpening it, by removing a layer surface of the grinding wheel that is dull during the course of the rectifying cycles indicated above.

Box (130) also allows a mutual manual positioning of the grinding wheel (10) and the diamond tool D; and the operation in the box (130) once again includes moving the wheel (10) in the X direction the diamond tool D using a first swivel handle (23) and move the diamond tool D in the Z direction using a second swivel handle (24).

In the above indicated form of execution, box (140) obviously provides for the detection of the vibration that indicates contact between the wheel (10) and the diamond tool D.

Box (150) slows the procedure of manual grinding wheel positioning (10) -working piece (6) to avoid any additional movement of the grinding wheel (10) in the X and / or direction of the workpiece (6) in the Z direction.

If diamond tool D is used, the box (160) stops the manual positioning procedure of the grinding wheel (10) - diamond tool (10) to avoid any additional movement of the grinding wheel (10) in the X direction and / or the diamond tool D in the direction Z.

When the grinding wheel (10) comes into contact (or touch) the workpiece (6) or diamond tool D, it generates a visual and / or sonic signal to inform the operator (25) of the machine (1) (Figure 2). The visual signal can, for example, be in the form of a message - "CONTACT MUELA-PIECE DE  WORK "or" CONTACT MUELA-TOOL OF DIAMOND "- displayed on a display device alphanumeric (26).

Then, box (150) goes to a box (160) in which the operator (using, for example, the control keys (27)) you can select one of two options procedures:

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A first choice by which the coordinates of the grinding wheel (10) and the piece of work (6), or grinding wheel (10) and tool Diamond D, measured by contacting the parts being detected, are immediately memorized automatically; Y

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A second option whereby the wheel (10) is additionally located in relation to the workpiece (6) or diamond tool D.

If the first option is selected, the box (160) is followed by a box (170), which determines the position of X-direction (X_ {0} coordinate) of the wheel abrasive (10), to which, contact was detected between the wheel (10) and the workpiece (6), or between the wheel (10) and the diamond D ("zero" logistic signal generated by the device vibration sensor), and Z-direction position (coordinate Z_ {0}) of the carriage (4), in which contact was detected between the wheel (10) and the workpiece (6) or between the wheel (10) and diamond D ("zero" logistics signal generated by the vibration sensor device). The coordinates X_ {0} and Z_ {0} are then memorized by a manual order entered by the operator (25).

Box (170) also terminates the process.

If the second option is selected, the box (160) is followed by a box (180) that allows feeding low speed micrometer of the grinding wheel (10) towards the work piece (6) and / or work piece (6) towards the wheel (10), to remove a surface layer of material from the piece of work (6), pre-rectifying it in this way.

If a diamond tool D is used, the box (180) orders a low micrometric feed speed of the grinding wheel (10) towards the tool diamond D, which is movable in the Z direction, to remove a layer surface of grinding wheel material (10), sharpening it shape.

Box (180) is followed by a box (190) waiting for a manual order to finish the pre-grinding or sharpening operation indicated previously. In the event that an operation of pre-grinding or sharpening is not finished, the box (190) returns to box (180). On the contrary (when the pre-grinding operation or the sharp), box (190) is followed by box (170), the which, once the relative movement of the wheel (10) and of the workpiece (6) or the wheel (10) and the tool diamond D, determines the position of the X direction (coordinate X_ {01}) of the grinding wheel (10), whereby the operation of pre-ground or sharpened was finished, and the Z direction position (Z_ {01}) coordinate of the carriage (4) (and by both of the workpiece (6) or diamond tool D carried by the car (4)), whereby the operation of Pre-grinding or sharpening was finished. TO then the coordinates X_ {01} and Z_ {01} are memorized By a manual order.

The advantages of the present invention will remain included in the previous description. That is, it offers the assembly of a machine under maximum safety conditions throughout moment, that is, fully closed throughout the procedure mounting

The movable parts, that is, at least the tooth (10), the workpiece (6), the diamond tool D, the carriage (4) and carriage (8), are locked, throughout the assembly procedure, inside the machine (1), which is closed and consequently under maximum conditions security.

The coordinates indicating the contact position of the tooth-workpiece or diamond tool-wheel, are actually determined by determining the vibration, without require assistance from the operator to determine the contact between the pieces.

The coordinates of the contact position are memorized manually simply by pressing a key to enter the data, and possibly a second key to Confirm the data.

It is clear that modifications can be made to the device and method of control assembly of a machine grinding machine, as described and represented in this document, without departing, however, from the scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A device for control assembly of a grinding machine (1), in which at least one grinding wheel abrasive (10) rotated by drive means (11) is positionable (23, 24) by means of activators, with respect to a contact body (6, D) carried by support means and positioning (4, 5b) and that physically interact with the tooth rotating (10): and said grinding machine comprising:

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An enclosure of security (13) to enclose the moving parts (10, 6, 4, 8) of machine; said movable parts comprising at least said grinding wheel (10) and said contact body (6, D) and being said enclosure (13) accessible from the outside through, at less, an opening (14) in the enclosure;

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Closing means (15), movable between a rest position and a position of service closing said opening (14); Y

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Means sensors vibration (18) to determine the contact (140) between said wheel abrasive (10) and said touch body (6, D);

Said device being characterized in that it includes mounting means comprising:

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sensor means closure (100, 110) to determine the position of said means of closing in said service position to determine the closing of said enclosure and facilitate an assembly procedure:

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 means of action (23, 24) to generate control signals during said Mounting procedure to adjust mutual position (130, 140) of said grinding wheel (10) and said touch body (6, D); said vibration sensor means (18) determining a first state in which the contact and the vibration generated are detected between said grinding wheel and said touch body (6, D), and a second state in which said contact is excluded; Y

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means (170) for determining the position (X, Z) of said grinding wheel (10) and of said support and positioning means (4, 5b) to determine and memorize the coordinates (X_ {0}, Z_ {0}) of said wheel abrasive (10) and said touch body (6, D) when said said Contact.

2. A device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that when the first state is detected, said vibration sensing means activates the selection means (160) to select:

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first means of control to control a first operational step (170) during which the coordinates of the grinding wheel (10) and said body of touch (6, D), measured in the position in which said first state was determined, can be memorized (27); Y

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second means of control to control a second operational step (170) during which abrasive wheel (10) is located further in relation to said contact body (6, D) to cause an interaction between the contact parts and the removal of a surface layer of One of the two contact pieces.

A device according to Claim 2, characterized in that said second control means activate said means to determine the position (X, Z) of said abrasive wheel (10) and of said contact body (6, D) to memorize respectively the coordinates (X_ {01}, Z_ {01}) of said grinding wheel (10) and said touch body (6, D) after said interaction between the pieces. A device as claimed in any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that said touch body (6, D) comprises a workpiece (6) to be rectified by said grinding wheel (10). A device as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said touch body (6, D) comprises a diamond tool (D) by which said abrasive wheel (10) is sharpened. 6. A method for control assembly of a grinding machine (1) in which a grinding wheel (10) rotated by means of actuation (11) is positionable (23, 24) by activation means with respect to a touch body (6, D) that physically interacts with the tooth, said body being contact (6, D) carried by support means (4, 5b); understanding the passage of:

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close (100, 110) the movable parts (10, 6, D) of said machine, within a security enclosure (13), said movable parts comprising (10, 6) at least said grinding wheel (10) and said touch body (6, D):

characterized by the additional steps of:

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generate (23, 24) a control signal and in response to said control signal, adjust the mutual position (130, 140) of said grinding wheel (10) and said touch body (6, D).

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Determine the contact (140) between the parts comprising said grinding wheel (10) and said touch body (6, D);

This contact determination step (140) Between the pieces it includes the steps of:

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detection (18) of a signal correlative to the vibration produced by the interaction mechanics between the contact pieces; Y

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determination of position (X, Z) of said grinding wheel (10) and of said body of touch (6, D) when said signal is generated, and memorization of the coordinates of these positions.

7. A method as claimed in Claim 6, characterized in that once said contact between the pieces has been detected, the selection step (160) is carried out to select between two operative steps comprising:

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a first step operating (170) in which the coordinates of the grinding wheel (10) and the touch body (6, D) determined in the position in the which said contact between the pieces was determined, can memorize immediately; and a second operational step (170) in the which abrasive wheel (10) is placed further with respect to the touch body (6, D) to cause such contact between the pieces and remove a surface layer of one of the two pieces of Contact.

A method according to Claim 7, characterized in that said second operative step (170) is followed by a step (170) in which the coordinates (X_ {01}, Z_ {01}) of the grinding wheel (10) are memorized ) and said touch body (6, D), determined when the pieces contact and a surface layer of one of the two pieces is removed.