ES2202719T3 - PRESSING DEVICE. - Google Patents

Abstract

A PRESS IS DESCRIBED THAT INCLUDES A BODY OF FRAME WITH WALLS (2), THAT ARE EXTENDED VERTICALLY, INTERCONNECTED BY MEANS OF CONNECTION (4, 32, 34) AND EQUIPPED WITH RESPECTIVE OPENINGS (6) THAT, TOGETHER, DEFINE A COMPARTMENT OF APPROPRIATE SIZE PRESSING TO SUPPORT UPPER PRESSING MEDIA (14) ASSOCIATED WITH UPPER BLOCKS (18) AND LOWER PRESSING MEDIA (16) ASSOCIATED WITH A LOWER BLOCK (24); THE VERTICAL DRIVING MEDIA (40; 40A, 42) HAS A PRESSING SURFACE THAT EXTENDS IN A WAY THAT OCCUPY AT LEAST A SUBSTANTIAL PART OF THE SURFACE TO BE PRESSED; THE LOWER PRESSING MEANS (16) ARE COUPLED TO DRIVING MEDIA (72, 76, 78) ABLE TO MOVE IT TO AN AUXILIARY POSITION (66), IN WHICH THE PRESSED PRODUCT CAN BE DOWNLOADED AND LOADED WITH ANOTHER LOOSE MATERIAL TO BE PRESSED.

Description

Pressing device

The present invention relates to a device pressing, in particular for the formation of ceramic materials flat-shaped powder and, in particular but not so Exclusive, large.

Known presses consist of a welded or assembled structure to which a beam is attached vertically mobile that supports an upper portion of mold, said mold having a respective lower portion coupled to the Press bank body.

The assembled structure presses are composed of a pair of walls connected by a pair of assembled tables of way such as to define a pressing space in which a mobile mold punch can be closed on a matrix containing The powders to conform.

Presses for ceramics of the known type they can generate a pressing force of only up to 4,000 or 5,000 tons and therefore cannot press ceramic sheets of a surface area greater than 1 m 2.

Therefore, the problem of how improve presses for ceramics in a particular way allow to improve its performance to press ceramic sheets of a surface area greater than 1 m 2.

The invention patent FR-A-345.819 describes a method for produce a press that includes a frame body with walls that extend vertically interconnected through means of Connection.

The problem is solved by press having the characteristics expressed in the claim one.

The present invention allows the creation of a press with a modular structure, in other words a press with a longitudinal dimension of the opening that receives the means of pressed with a length that can be predetermined at will in function of the surface area of the material to be pressed.

The upper block and the lower block serve to distribute the load evenly over the walls during pressing.

Therefore, it is preferable that each wall is relatively close to the previous one and / or the next one.

By way of indication, the walls may be separated by a distance approximately equal to their thicknesses

In another aspect of the invention, it has been provided a press comprising a frame body to which they are coupled upper pressing means interacting operationally with lower pressing means in a position of pressed so as to press the loose material between the themselves so as to form a pressed product, where said means Lower presses are coupled to capable actuation means of moving the lower pressing means from said position of pressed to an auxiliary position in which the means Bottom presses can be unloaded from the pressed product and loaded with other loose material to be pressed.

This aspect of the invention allows optimal loading of ceramic powders into the matrix of a tile mold or ceramic tiles or for large ceramic sheets.

It is also possible to increase productivity using two matrices as lower pressing means and insert them alternately under the same punch in the same press. Indeed, while one of the matrices is being loaded with the powders to be pressed, the other can be located under the punch during the pressing stage.

The invention can be better understood and acted upon. referring to the attached drawings, which exhibit some versions of it and that should be understood only by title exemplifier and not limitation, in which:

- Figure 1 is a front view of a press;

- Figure 2 is a top view of the press shown in figure 1;

- Figure 3 is a fragmentary view taken at along plane III-III of Figure 1;

- Figure 4 is a sectional view taken at along the plane IV-IV of figure 3 showing the hydraulic jack actuation means;

- Figure 5 is a sectional view taken at along the plane V-V of figure 4;

- Figure 6 is a sectional view similar to that shown in figure 4, but in a variant of the means hydraulic jack drive;

- Figure 7 is a sectional view taken at along plane VII-VII of figure 6;

- Figure 8 is a sectional view similar to that shown in figure 3, which schematically shows means drive to move a matrix capable of containing dust ceramic inside and outside the press;

- Figure 9 is a schematic sectional view IX-IX shown in Figure 8;

- Figure 10 is a similar sectional view to that shown in figure 8, but in a version with two matrices mobiles on opposite sides of the press;

- Figure 11 is a schematic top view of the drive means shown in Figure 10;

- Figure 12 is a schematic view from the right of figure 11, in which the extraction means move a pressed ceramic sheet of the matrix and deposited on a transport line;

- Figure 13 is a view similar to that of figure 12, but showing the matrix load with powders to press.

As you can see in figure 1, a press (1) for ceramic tiles (or tiles) or large ceramic sheets size has a frame body that includes walls (2), which they are interconnected by means of two pairs of connecting rods (4) located in respective holes in the walls (2) below and above an opening (6) in each wall (2). Each wall (2) rests on a base frame (8) with respect to which it is located by means of an alignment device (10) conventional.

The set of holes (6) in the walls (2) forms a bay that houses the pressing means (12) that include the upper pressing means (14) and the lower means of pressing (16).

As you can see in figure 2, all walls (2) have the same nominal thickness (S) and are separated for a distance (D) which is substantially the nominal thickness (S) This way of arranging the walls (2) allows loading evenly when they have to bear loads of pressing.

In a specific case, the following is verified relationship:

D = S = 200 mm -

The upper pressing means (14) include an upper block (18) that is fixed to the walls (2) on the upper edge of the openings (6), and is interconnected with a punch body (20) by means of drive means (22) verticals, which include jacks (60) with rods (62) linked to the body of the punch (20) and arranged in the corners of the block superior (18). Between the upper block (18) and the punch body (20) guide columns (30) that slide in holes (32) (figure 3) of the upper block (18) and are in conditions to ensure that the punch body (20) moves towards down and up in a vertical plane.

The lower pressing means (16) include a lower block (24) that is fixed to the walls (2) on the bottom edge of the openings (6) and at the top has a pair of horizontal sliding guides (26), coupled to respective lifting means (27). A matrix body (28) is linked in a sliding manner on said sliding guides and is able to receive the punch body (20), in particular a lower active surface (44) thereof, in a upper cavity (29) (figure 3) of said die body (28).

The lifting means (27) can move the matrix body (28) up when, at the end of the stage of pressed, said die body must be moved to a position far away from the punch (20) so as to allow removing the Pressed product and insert into the cavity (29) other pressing powders; this aspect will be described in greater detail later.

The set of walls (2) of the frame body of the press (1) forms a sandwich structure in the which walls (2) are held in reciprocal positions preset by separators (32) interspersed between each wall (2) and the immediately anterior or posterior wall.

Naturally, a type press structure "sandwich" as defined above can also be provided with conventional molds, particularly molds that do not have parts that move transversely with respect to the direction of movement of the punch.

As shown schematically in the figure 3, the spacers (32) are arranged in a coaxial manner external on connecting rods (4), which tighten securely the walls (2) by means of ferrules (34) that link with the ends of each connecting rod (4).

The upper block (18) is located in the part upper openings (6) by means of horizontal bolts upper (35) and is fixed to the walls (2) by means of upper fixing screws (36) with the interposition of anti-friction sheets (38).

A piston body (40) fixed to the part bottom of the block (18) by means of screws (39) penetrates and forms a seal with a cavity (42) in the body of the punch (20). Is Punch body shape (20) serves as a cat lining Hydraulic pressing, whose piston is the piston body (40) fixed to the walls (2) in the manner described above.

The matrix body (28) includes a body of external frame (46), which can be raised and lowered by means of other vertical drive means (50), which they consist of hydraulic jacks, fixed in solidarity with a body of base (48) that extends upwards and is surrounded by a external frame body (46), which can slide vertically on the upper portion of the base body such that, when the frame body (46) is fully raised, the cavity (29) is formed between the die body and a surface upper (52) active base body while when the frame body (46) is completely low, the cavity (29) disappears and, in this way, the product that has been removed formed within it.

The lower block (24) is located and fixed to the walls (2) by means of screws (54) and horizontal bolts (56) similar to the upper block (18).

The matrix body (28), in particular the part lower body base (48), rests on the lower block (24) and can slide relative to it over the guides of sliding (26); the body of the matrix (28) can be centered in a pressing position under the punch (20) by means of centering means (58) consisting of conical protuberances lower body base (48) that can be linked to corresponding lower block seats (24).

As can be seen in figure 4, the body piston (40) has a substantially rectangular shape with rounded corners, so as to extend substantially above the entire surface of the product (P) to be pressed, such as It was defined by the cavity (29) when the matrix body (28) It is in the pressing position.

As you can see in Figure 5, between the piston body (40) and the upper block (18) is interleaved a sheet (64) of anti-friction material. Also, between the columns of guide (30) and the holes (32) on the upper block (18) in the which slide the guide columns have been inserted alignment (31).

Figure 6 shows a media version upper presses that are similar to the version described in Figures 4 and 5 but in which, instead of a single body of piston (40), there are a pair of piston bodies (40a) disposed of such way of occupying a considerable part of the surface in a plan view of the product (P) to be pressed.

As you can see in figure 7, the bodies piston (40a) enter respective cavities (42a) of the body of punch (20); During pressing oil is sent inside each of the cavities (42a) at the same pressure and flow, so ensure that the active face (44) of the punch body (20) exerts a uniform pressure on the powders to be pressed.

Naturally, the sandwich structure of the press can also be equipped with a single piston Conventional circular cross section.

As you can see in figure 8, from one side of the press (1) in a longitudinal direction (X) passing through of the opening formed by the set of openings (6) of the walls (2), there is an auxiliary station (66) to which the body of the matrix (28) is moved to a waiting position after pressing, as you can see by the dashed lines in the right section of figure 8. Lifting means (27) lift the die body (28) to release the means of centered (58) until the slide guides (26) are aligned with sliding tracks (68) machined on a support structure (70) of the waiting station (66).

In the matrix body (28), there are means of ring-wrapped chain transfer (72) placed on free rotating wheels (76), which define a path with a branch neutral that passes below the base of the press (1).

On the other side of the press (1), the wheels of Free rotation (76) are coupled to gearmotors (78) so such that the matrix body (28) can be moved along the X direction from the press position to the position of wait and vice versa, making the wheels (80), mounted on the lower part of the die body (28), rotate along the sliding guides (26) and on the sliding tracks (68).

Figure 9 shows the sketch by lines of strokes of auxiliary means (81) acting on the body of the matrix (28) as explained below, when said body of matrix is in the waiting position.

As can be seen in figure 10, for increase productivity it is possible to have two auxiliary stations (66 and 66a) located on opposite sides with respect to the press (1), which are composed of parts analogous to those that make up the station auxiliary (66) and, therefore, denoted with the same numbers of reference. However, unlike the version referred to in the Figures 8 and 9, instead of a single matrix body (28), there are two matrix bodies (28) interconnected by means of connection chain (72). They are located in such a way that when a body of matrix (28) is in the pressing position, the other is in the standby position in the auxiliary station (66), while when this second die body moves to the pressing position within the press, the first matrix body moves to the standby position in the auxiliary station (66a). In this way, while a matrix body is subjected to the action of the body of punch (20), the other is disconnected from the press (1) and can be unloaded from the product (P) and loaded with other powder material to press.

Figure 11 shows the sketch by lines of traces of auxiliary means (81) acting on the body of matrix (28) as explained below, when in the position of wait with respect to the auxiliary station (66a).

As can be seen in Figure 12, when the matrix body (28) arrives at the auxiliary station (66 or 66a), the frame (46) is lowered by the drive means (50) vertical so as to release the pressed product (P) on the base body surface (48). Auxiliary means (81) include transverse guide means (82), located transversely with respect to the X direction and over which suction means are suitably coupled by suction cup (84). Said means of taking by suction cups move vertically on a pair of columns (86) by means of transfer (88) and can take the pressed product (P) from the die body (28), then lift said product (P) pressed from said die body and transfer it to a line conveyor (90) equipped with a roller conveyor motorized

After the matrix body (28) has been released from the pressed product (P), the frame (46) is returned to lift so as to form the cavity (29), as can be see in figure 13, and hopper means (92) containing powders a Press are moved so that the lower discharge mouth (94) controlled by sealing means (96) can introduce the powders to be pressed into the cavity (29). Once the cavity is filled (29), the hopper means (92) are moved to a position of resting where they receive other powders from a tape food (98).

Claims (12)

1. Press, which includes a frame body with vertically extending walls (2) interconnected through connecting means (4, 32, 34) and provided with openings (6) that together define a suitable press size gap to contain upper pressing means (14) and lower pressing means (16), an upper portion of said opening being occupied by upper block means (18) which are stably coupled to the upper parts of said openings (6) and to which said upper pressing means (14) are fixed, a lower portion of said opening being occupied by lower block means (24), which are stably coupled to the lower parts of said openings (6) and to which said lower pressing means (16) are fixed, characterized by the fact that said walls (2) are close to the previous and the next and are away from the front and rear walls by a distance (D) that sub It essentially corresponds to the nominal thickness (S) of each wall (2). 2. Press according to claim 1, wherein said piston means (40; 40a) of said upper pressing means (14) are fixed to said upper block (18). 3. Press according to claim 2, wherein said piston means (40) form unique bodies whose section transverse is of a size that substantially corresponds to the area of surface to be pressed. 4. Press according to one of claims 1 to 3, where said piston means (40a) are divided into bodies of individual pistons whose cross section is of a size that substantially corresponds to the surface area to be pressed. 5. Press according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein said upper pressing means (14) includes a punch body (20) provided with hollow means (42; 42a) for receiving said piston means (40; 40a) and coupled in such a way of moving in a guided manner with respect to said block means superior (18). 6. Press according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said lower pressing means (16) are coupled to said lower block means (24) so such as being detachable in the vertical direction. 7. Press according to claim 6, wherein said lower pressing means (16) are provided with means of centered (58) on said lower block means (24). 8. Press according to claim 6 or 7, wherein said lower pressing means (16) include a base body (48) peripherally linked by frame means (48) that they can be moved in a vertical direction with respect to said base body (48) so as to define a pressing cavity (29). 9. Press according to one of claims 6 to 8, wherein said lower pressing means (16) are coupled to horizontal drive means (72, 76, 78) capable of moving the lower pressing means (16) from a position of pressing in which said lower pressing means (16) can interact with said upper pressing means (14) up to a auxiliary position (66) in which the lower pressing means (16) can be downloaded from the pressed product and loaded with loose material to press. 10. Press according to claim 9, wherein said lower pressing means (16) include a body of matrix (28) and said auxiliary position is on one side of the press (one). 11. Press according to claim 9, wherein said lower pressing means (16) include two means of separate matrix (28), each of which has a position auxiliary on their respective side of the press (1). 12. Press according to one of the claims of 9 to 11, wherein said drive means (72, 76, 78) are means flexible drive.