ES1303891U - DIRECT SOWING TRAIN (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Sowing train (1), characterized in that it comprises: - a share (3) that comprises a first vertical part (3a) and a second inclined part (3b), the second inclined part (3b) being the one that is nailed on the ground, where the second inclined part (3b) has a wedge shape; - a set of wheels (5, 6) that comprises a first wheel (5) configured to act as a lateral barrier so that the earth raised by the share (3) does not go laterally outside the furrow area and a second wheel (6) configured to compact and level the soil that reoccupies the furrow space; and - a main arm (2) which, in turn, is anchored to a chassis of a seeder, such that the coulter (3) and the set of wheels (5, 6) are fixed to the main arm (2). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

DIRECT SOWING TRAIN

field of invention

The present invention refers to a sowing train that has the ability to open a furrow in the crop land, deposit seeds inside the furrow in a row and cover the furrow with the seeds inside, improving yield in regarding the quality of the sowing and has the ability to work with different types of soil. The sowing train object of the invention is applicable in agriculture.

Background of the invention

A no-till drill is used to sow cereals, legumes or arable crops on cropland that has not been worked after harvesting the previous crop. Its function is to deposit seeds buried at a shallow depth below the soil surface.

The sowing trains are usually mounted on sowing machines that integrate several units of these, along with other elements necessary for sowing operations.

The objective of sowing is to deposit the seeds evenly distributed, at the desired depth and that the soil that covers them is adequately compacted to facilitate the germination of the seeds. And this objective must be achieved for different types of seeds and for soil conditions that can be very diverse. It is also advisable that the state of the land after the sowing operation is adequate to be able to carry out the following cultivation tasks on it, and for example it is advisable that the land after sowing be flat, without excessive irregularities and without stones or soil that protrude from its surface.

The seeders known in the state of the art have all or some of the following components:

- hoppers for seeds and/or fertilizers

- seed dosing devices

- seed feeding ducts to the sowing trains

- groove cleaner to remove excess debris from the groove area; - cutting disc to cut waste;

- fertilizer opener;

- seed opener;

- wheel to settle the seeds;

- roll to close the furrow; and

- harrow to close the furrow.

A furrow can be opened by a chisel-type or boot-type share, a single disc at an angle to the furrow, or double discs. Usually the opener is placed immediately before the tubes that drop the seeds and fertilizers.

The behavior of the openers depends on their geometric characteristics, the speed, texture and density of the soil, the amount of residue and the pressure placed on it by the seeder.

Grate type openers generally involve a greater impact on the ground around the open furrow, while single or double disc type openers have the disadvantage that they require a high vertical load on them to dig deep enough into the ground and open the furrow.

Description of the invention

The object of the invention is a sowing train that comprises: a share that comprises a first vertical part and a second inclined part, the second inclined part being the one that is stuck into the ground, where the second inclined part has a wedge shape, so that the fence opens a furrow, lifting the earth to one side; a set of wheels that comprises a first wheel configured to act as a lateral barrier so that the soil raised by the share does not go laterally outside the furrow area and a second wheel configured to compact and level the soil that reoccupies the space of the furrow; and a main arm that, in turn, is anchored to a seeder chassis, such that the coulter and set of wheels are attached to the main arm.

In the sowing train object of the invention, the set of wheels is fixed to a support which, in turn, is fixed to the parallelogram mechanism, such that the first wheel and the second wheel are misaligned with each other, while the second wheel It is aligned with the fence.

In the sowing train object of the invention, the main arm belongs to a parallelogram mechanism, which also comprises: a base for anchoring to the chassis, a first bar fixed at one end rotatably to the base and at the other end to the arm. main, a second bar, located in a lower position than the first bar, which is also fixed at one end rotatably to the base and at the other end to the main arm, and a spring between an intermediate point of the first bar and a midpoint of the base.

In the sowing train object of the invention, the set of wheels is fixed to the main arm by means of a plurality of anchoring points of the main arm to which the wheel support is fixed, providing a system of multiple positions for the support, thus regulating the depth of the furrow and the depth at which the seed is deposited.

Brief description of the drawings

To complement the description that will be made below and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, this descriptive report is accompanied by a set of drawings based on which the innovations and innovations will be more easily understood. advantages of the object of the invention.

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a sowing device of the sowing train that is the object of the invention.

Figure 2 shows a top view of the sowing device of the sowing train that is the object of the invention in Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a section of the sowing device along the plane A-A of figure 2

Figure 4 shows a section view of the seeding device along the B-B plane of Figure 2.

Figure 5 shows a section view of the seeding device along the C-C plane of Figure 2.

Figure 6 shows a section view of the seeding device along the plane DD of Figure 2.

Figure 7 shows a section view of the seeding device along the E-E plane of Figure 2.

The numerical references used in the figures are:

1. sowing train,

2. main arm,

3. fence,

4. feeding duct,

5. first wheel,

6. second wheel,

7. anchor points,

8. base,

9. first bar,

10. second bar,

11. spring, and

12. wheel support.

Detailed description of the invention

The object of the invention is a sowing train (1) that comprises:

- a grate (3), configured to open a furrow in the ground, when advancing longitudinally with respect to it, lifting the earth towards one side;

- a set of wheels (5, 6) that comprises a first wheel (5) configured to act as a lateral barrier so that the earth raised by the share (3) does not go laterally outside the furrow area (see fig. 6 ) and a second wheel (6) configured to compact and level the soil that reoccupies the space of the furrow; and

- a parallelogram mechanism that, in turn, is anchored to a chassis of a seeder, such that the coulter (3) and the set of wheels (5, 6) are fixed to the parallelogram mechanism.

Each fence (3) comprises a first vertical part (3a) and a second inclined part (3b), the second inclined part (3b) being the one that is stuck into the ground. Furthermore, the second inclined part (3b) has a wedge shape, with less transverse thickness at the beginning and greater thickness in the central and rear sections, and mainly in the highest part where it coincides with the surface of the crop land, considering as former and later, the direction of progress in sowing.

The effect sought with this shape is that the share (3) opens the furrow progressively, starting with an inclined line of little width in the anterior part, where the formation of the furrow begins (see fig. 3), and progressively widening this line, on the upper side (see fig. 4), until the furrow reaches a triangular-shaped opening section, with the widest part coinciding with the surface of the land.

In the rear section of the coulter there is an opening configured to guide the seeds from the feeding conduit (4) until depositing them at the bottom of the furrow (see fig. 5).

The set of wheels (5, 6) is fixed to a support (12) which, in turn, is fixed to the parallelogram mechanism, such that the first wheel (5) and the second wheel (6) are misaligned with each other, while the second wheel (6) is aligned with the coulter (3), so that the desired effect of lateral barrier and soil compaction is achieved, considering the alignment in the direction of advance of the planting device object of the invention. .

The parallelogram mechanism comprises a main arm (2), to which the grate (3) and the support (12) of the wheels (5, 6) are fixed, a base (8) for anchoring it to the chassis, a first bar (9) fixed at one end rotatably to the base (8) and at the other end to the main arm (2) and a second bar (10), located in a lower position than the first bar (9), which is also fixed at one end rotatably to the base (8) and at the other end to the main arm (2). In addition to the above, between the first bar (9) and the base (8) the parallelogram mechanism includes a spring (11) that provides the vertical contact force between the wheels (5, 6) and the ground.

This parallelogram mechanism allows the vertical movement of the main arm (2) and the elements anchored to the main arm (2) itself (grid (3) and pair of wheels (5, 6)), to adapt to the irregularities of the terrain, which is followed by the wheels (5, 6) in contact with the ground surface.

The set of wheels (5, 6) is fixed to the main arm (2) by means of a multiple position system, which includes a plurality of anchor points (7) where the position of the support (12) of the wheels (5, 6) can be fixed. 6), so that different dimensions can be adjusted verticals between the tip of the share (3) and the base of the wheels (5, 6), which makes it possible to modify the planting depth (13) as desired on each occasion.

Alternatively, and with the same purpose of regulating the planting depth, the coulter can be fixed to the main arm using a multiple position system and then have a single position of the set of wheels with respect to the main arm.

Thus, the set of wheels (5, 6) of the device object of the invention performs two functions: defining the working depth of the share (3) with respect to the upper surface of the ground at each point ("13" in fig. . 6) and cover the furrow by lightly compacting the soil on the seeds after depositing them (fig. 7).

Claims (1)

1- Sowing train (1), characterized in that it includes: - a fence (3) that comprises a first vertical part (3a) and a second inclined part (3b), the second inclined part (3b) being the one that is stuck into the ground, where the second inclined part (3b) has a wedge shape; - a set of wheels (5, 6) that comprises a first wheel (5) configured to act as a lateral barrier so that the earth raised by the share (3) does not go laterally outside the furrow area and a second wheel ( 6) configured to compact and level the soil that reoccupies the furrow space; and - a main arm (2) which, in turn, is anchored to a seeder chassis, such that the coulter (3) and the set of wheels (5, 6) are fixed to the main arm (2). 2- Sowing train (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that the set of wheels (5, 6) is fixed to a support (12) which, in turn, is fixed to the main arm, such that the first wheel ( 5) and the second wheel (6) are misaligned with each other, while the second wheel (6) is aligned with the share (3). 3- Sowing train (1) according to any of claims 1 to 2 characterized in that the main arm (2) belongs to a parallelogram mechanism, which also comprises: - a base (8) for anchoring to the chassis, - a first bar (9) fixed at one end rotatably to the base (8) and at the other end to the main arm (2), - a second bar (10), located in a lower position than the first bar (9), which is also fixed at one end rotatably to the base (8) and at the other end to the main arm (2), and - a spring (11) between an intermediate point of the first bar (9) and an intermediate point of the base (8). 4- Sowing train (1) according to any of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the set of wheels (5, 6) is fixed to the main arm (2) by means of a plurality of anchoring points (7) of the main arm ( 2) to which to fix the support (12) of the wheels (5, 6) providing a multiple position system for the support (12).