ES1298933U - FIXED VERTICAL SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC STRUCTURE OR WITH OPTIONAL SOLAR TRACKING FOR ROADS OR RAILWAYS (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Vertical photovoltaic solar structure for road or railway (1), characterized in that its verticality is achieved thanks to a support post (4) to which straps or profiles (3) are fixed, which provide the photovoltaic modules (2), coupled to these, tilt if desired or keep them coplanar to the fixing post (4). This fastening post (4) with the coupled elements (2 and 3), is equipped with an upper rotating support (6a) whose function is to join the fastening post (4) with a foundation post (5), which , like the support post (4), is equipped with a lower rotating support (6b) with similar characteristics to those of this one (4) and that completes this connection. The foundation post (5) can be installed in the ground by direct driving, pre-drilling, micropile or footing. The most suitable form will be used according to the particular characteristics of each terrain where our structure is installed (1). The assembly of the structure (1) can be carried out both "in situ", on site before or at the same time of installation, or be pre-assembled in any space or system intended for this operation regardless of distance or configuration. of the place where the pre-assembly is carried out. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

FIXED OR TRACKING VERTICAL SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC STRUCTURE

OPTIONAL SOLAR FOR ROAD OR RAILWAY

TECHNIQUE SECTOR

The present invention belongs to the field of engineering, and more specifically to the field of electrical energy generation from renewable energies, in this case the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy by the photovoltaic effect.

The object of the present invention is a new structure in a vertical position to support photovoltaic panels and allow their installation on public land belonging to the margins of roads, paths, dual carriageways, highways, in short, automobile routes in general, as well as railways. both existing and future.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The use of solar energy from the photovoltaic effect for the generation of electrical energy injected into the grid is usually carried out in large areas of land. These lands are normally occupied by agricultural crops, so it is necessary to eliminate these crops in order to carry out the implantation of these solar fields, with the consequent loss of cultivable areas for long periods of time. It also has negative socio-economic effects, since the suppression of these crops entails sick leave generated by agriculture. In addition, it generates a visual impact that is not liked by a part of the population.

Regarding the use of public land belonging to roads, it is known that in France, in the Normandy region, a one-kilometre section has been carried out made up of photovoltaic panels installed directly on the road surface, but with negative results. , since these panels are damaged by the rolling of vehicles, causing shadows due to tire wear, breakage of cells or photovoltaic cells, etc., with the consequent drop in performance in the generation of electrical energy from the photovoltaic system.

The solutions that currently exist are not optimized to take advantage of the free spaces that exist on the margins of automobile or railway tracks, since they could not be installed with the orientation that they need to generate energy at maximum performance or the surface they occupy is small. greater than that available in these spaces.

The solar structure of the present invention has dimensions measured across the width, since its installation extends in the transversal direction to the ground, a direction in which there is no space limitation.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

The inventor of the present application has developed a new structure that solves the previous problems thanks to the installation of several photovoltaic panels arranged vertically or in a column, assembled to the support post, which is one of the profiles that make up the invention.

The invention is made up of a support post, straps, solar panels, rotating supports, a foundation post and, optionally, it can include an electronically controlled and automatic drive turning system.

The support post is the structural profile in charge of supporting the belts and solar panels, being the element that contributes to the structure of firmness and structural security.

The straps are the profiles that are fixed to the support post, which in turn secure the solar panels. These straps, in addition to fixing the panels, are responsible for keeping them coplanar to the axis or providing them with inclination, as required by the installation location of each structure.

Solar panels are responsible for carrying out the transformation of solar energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. It is not the purpose of this document to detail the operation of this element, since it is well known and implemented in a multitude of popularly known installations.

The rotating supports, upper and lower, are responsible for joining or fixing the support support and foundation post. These rotating supports, in addition to the aforementioned function, also provide the structure with the capacity for solar orientation. They give the possibility of rotating the structure and fixing it at the desired angle according to the season of the year or the geographical location in which it is installed. Both the support bracket and the foundation post will incorporate one of these swivel brackets. Optionally, the structure can be equipped with an autonomous turning system, which will be governed by an electronic system capable of orienting the structure during the day towards the optimal position of greatest reception of solar radiation.

The foundation post is the profile in charge of supporting the structure, since it is the one that will be fixed to the ground through the most appropriate method according to the geological characteristics of the implantation location.

The set of these profiles allows the installation of the photovoltaic panels, pursuing the maximum use of the incidence of solar radiation on them, in addition to providing great ease of assembly and adaptability to the type of terrain for which this type of structure is intended.

The panels are fixed to the support post through the straps. Profiles of any type can be used for this support post, as long as they are suitable or adequate for the terrain and geographical location in which they are to be installed and comply with current applicable regulations and with the stresses and efforts that must be supported. This support post is independent and has a rotating support, which is attached to another profile with similar characteristics, optionally, through a rotation system that would act as a solar tracker thanks to the implantation of sensors or electronic controllers to achieve the optimum orientation of the panels at any moment of the day according to the position of the sun. The turning system is not required to be installed, since, if the system requires it, the support post can be assembled to the profile that acts as a foundation post, leaving the structure with a fixed solar orientation. The foundation post is installed by direct driving, suitable foundation or any base adapted to the terrain and is the one that acts as a support, thus completing the photovoltaic solar structure.

Both profiles, both the upper support post and the foundation post, are equipped, as previously mentioned, with a rotating support that can be round, square or of any shape and dimensions appropriate to each particular case of installation of this structure.

These revolving supports will be equipped with a fixing system that allows the adequate or optimal orientation of the structure for which the greatest possible amount of solar energy will be received throughout the year. The fixings executed on these revolving supports allow changes in the orientation of the structure according to the season in which we find ourselves and focus it with the appropriate angle to capture more solar radiation at any time of the year.

The profiles will also have fixings that allow the correction of any deviation that comes from the installation of the foundation post profile, either due to the nature of the terrain or due to human error or calibration of measurement equipment.

This structure offers a quick and easy installation system compared to other existing or studied methods. For the foundation post of the structure, similar installation methods are used as for the fastening posts of existing guardrails on most roads and highways, such as direct driving using percussion machines, although, if the terrain requires it, Different installation methods can be used, either by foundation, driving with pre-drilling or pre-drilling, footings, piles, root-type systems, load distribution bases, etc. Once the foundation post is secured, the fastening post that supports the solar panels is installed, which is fixed to it using any proven fixing system that is sufficient to provide the structure with correct stability.

The structure can be pre-assembled in warehouses, tents, mobile fields, trucks, trailers, provisional or permanent structures or any area adapted to carry out this type of work and can even be assembled on site at the time of complete installation of the structure. . Another advantage of the versatility of this invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

"To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, it is attached as part part of said description, a set of drawings where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, the following has been represented:

Figure 1.- Shows a perspective rear view of the fixed vertical photovoltaic solar structure or with optional solar tracking for roads or railways.

Figure 2.a.- Shows a perspective rear view of the fastening post for the solar panels and the straps.

Figure 2.b.- Shows a rear elevation view of the fastening post for the solar panels and the straps.

Figure 2.c.- Shows a side view of the fastening post for the solar panels and the straps.

Figure 3.- Shows an exploded view in perspective of the union of the support post with the foundation post and optional rotation motor inserted.”

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

A particular example of a fixed vertical photovoltaic solar structure or with optional solar tracking for a road or railway (1) is described below, in accordance with the present invention with reference to the attached figures.

Figure 1 shows a perspective rear view of the solar structure in which its complete assembly and the elements of which it is composed can be appreciated.

Figures 2.a, 2.b and 2.c show the simplicity of construction of the main element of the structure, which is made up of the support post (4). The profiles or straps (3) are fixed to this support post (4), which, in turn, support the photovoltaic solar panels (2), giving them a certain inclination on the horizontal or coplanar to the support post. clamp (4) as required. This inclination will be given according to the solar characteristics of the location of the installation and that must be known before the start of the manufacturing process of the purlins (2), in this way the measurements required by these profiles (2) will be obtained.

The support post (4) is a profile whose dimensions do not have to be standard. The profile of the support post (4) will be given according to the result of the mechanical calculations carried out to adapt the structure (1) to the installation ground, due to that each location offers different physical and climatic characteristics of wind, earthquake, etc.

The panels (2) are fixed to the straps (3) by means of union systems that offer security and stability to the modules.

The support post (4) is equipped at one of its ends with an upper rotating support (6a) to facilitate the union (6) with the foundation post (5), which in turn will also incorporate another lower rotating support (6b). ) opposed to that of the support post (4), for the union of both parts (4 and 5).

The upper rotating support (6a) of the support post (4) with the foundation post (5), which in our example is circular, can take any geometric shape, as long as it is adapted to each specific installation situation. This (6a) will have fixing systems that allow the angle of the fastening post (4) to be orientated according to the geographical location or season of the year in which it is located, since they will allow the structure (1) to adopt any angle that the installer wishes to give it to optimize the production of electrical energy at all times.

In the fixing of each of the supports (6a and 6b) another fixing system will be made that allows the leveling of the structure. This is because the installation of the foundation post (5) may suffer a deviation during it, either due to terrain characteristics or due to human or measurement error. The support post (4) of the structure will be correctly leveled thanks to this level correction system.

The profile of the foundation pile or post (5) will be given according to the result of the mechanical calculations carried out to adapt the structure (1) to the installation terrain, since each location offers different physical and climatic characteristics of wind, earthquake , etc.

The union (6) presents two mounting options. If the structure (1) needs to be fixed, the turning system (6c) is dispensed with, directly fixing both rotating supports (6a and 6b). But if the structure (1) needs to track the sun to optimize the production of electrical energy, a turning system can be installed. (6c) that allows the rotation of the longitudinal support post of the structure (1). To control the angle of rotation of the clamping post (4), the rotation system (6c) is provided with electronic controllers with specific software for our invention, whether existing or new.

Claims (3)

1. Vertical photovoltaic solar structure for road or railway (1), characterized in that its verticality is achieved thanks to a support post (4) to which straps or profiles (3) are fixed, which provide the photovoltaic modules (2 ), coupled to these, tilt if desired or keep them coplanar to the fixing post (4). This fastening post (4) with the coupled elements (2 and 3), is equipped with an upper rotating support (6a) whose function is to join the fastening post (4) with a foundation post (5), which , like the support post (4), is equipped with a lower rotating support (6b) with similar characteristics to those of this one (4) and that completes this connection. The foundation post (5) can be installed in the ground by direct driving, pre-drilling, micropile or footing. The most suitable form will be used according to the particular characteristics of each terrain where our structure is installed (1). The assembly of the structure (1) can be carried out both "in situ", on site before or at the same time of installation, or be pre-assembled in any space or system intended for this operation, regardless of the distance or configuration. of the place where the pre-assembly is carried out. 2. Structure (1) according to claim 1, wherein the connection (6) of the support post (4) with the foundation post (5) comprises two rotating supports, upper (6a) and lower (6b) of similar or the same characteristics that may acquire any necessary geometric shape at any time of installation or manufacture. These supports (6a and 6b), will be equipped with torn, oblong or slotted holes or any other means of fixing that allows the orientation of the structure (1) at all times according to the optimal position with respect to solar radiation, according to geographical location. or season of the year, while providing security and stability to the structure (1) when fastened. 3. Structure (1) according to any of the preceding claims, where the connection (6) contains a rotation system (6c) that provides the movement structure, specifically rotation on the fastening post (4) of the structure (1), to track the position of the sun along the throughout the day The installed rotation system (6c) will be accompanied by an electronic control system governed by software with programming that allows knowing the solar position of direct radiation at all times.