ES1298866U - PERIMETER EDGE PROTECTION SYSTEM (SPPB) FOR THE PROTECTION OF HOLES AND THE CROSSING OF AUXILIARY MEANS. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Perimeter edge protection system (SPPB) for the protection of holes and the crowning of auxiliary means, which includes a variable number of the following elements: - Element 1. Extendable horizontal railing (1) composed of a central cylindrical tube (1a) with a truncated cone-shaped interior, where three sections of tube are housed concentrically at each end (1b, 1c and 1d), extensible/telescopic, which also have a truncated-conical shape, where the distal end of the smaller tube diameter of each end has a piece (1e), which has one or more hollow areas, designed to allow its assembly to the extensible vertical posts (item 2) on which its assembly is expected: - Element 2. Extendable vertical post (2) made up of four cylindrical pieces with a truncated cone-shaped interior (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d), intended to be housed concentrically, each one inside another with a larger diameter and three screw-nut mechanisms (2e) for fixing each section with its immediate concentric, where all the sections are open at both ends, with the exception of the section with the smallest diameter that is only open at one of its ends, where each section has towards the outside an angular plate with a 90° inclination joined in a solid manner and a slot that will serve as a guide and accommodation for the plate of the piece that must be housed concentrically inside it, as well as one or more through holes for adjust, by using a screw-nut mechanism (2e),each section in a certain position with respect to the others; - Element 3. Supporting part of the assembly for the protection of vertical openings (3) that has a base structure in the shape of an inverted U with a threaded through hole in each of its arms and that incorporates: - three cylindrical tubes holes (3a) attached to it by its outer part of the upper part of the inverted U, - two manual turning levers (3b), each attached to one end of each of the two threaded pins (3c), each one of which ends at its opposite end in two pressure crackers (3e), - two non-return nuts (3d) intended to prevent the rotation of the pins (3c), - two anti-tilt plates (3f) on the inside of the the top of the U - Element 4. Support piece intended for the crowning of auxiliary means (4), which has a structure (4a) in the shape of a disc section, with a through hole in its central axis, which presents a recess in its diameter in its part. which gives this part a cylindrical shape, where the cylindrical part is traversed transversely by two through threaded holes intended for bracing by means of a tongue and groove nut (4c) of this structure (4) once attached to the upper part of one of the vertical uprights of a conventional scaffolding to which the crowning is intended to be provided, and where the surface of the part with the largest diameter of the disc-shaped structure (4a), has 3 hollow cylinders (4b) whose purpose is to allow a good housing vertical uprights of traditional scaffolding on the inside,or extendable vertical posts (2) on the outside. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

PERIMETER EDGE PROTECTION SYSTEM (SPPB) FOR THE PROTECTION OF HOLES AND THE CROSSING OF AUXILIARY MEANS

TECHNIQUE SECTOR

The invention falls within the technical field of safety systems used on construction sites and in industrial environments, more specifically in fall protection systems (containment barriers, railings embedded in slabs, stairs...).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Everyone knows the risks assumed by workers during the construction of the structure in a building site. To minimize these risks, mainly, it is decided to secure the perimeters and openings of the stairs and slabs.

Currently, there is a wide variety of collective protection systems on the market. Some of these systems are embedded in the concrete in plastic cartridges inserted into the slabs, clamp-type posts tightened in concrete structures and fixed to metal profiles, "sergeant" type posts that can be fixed in a wide range of slab edges, systems integrated safety devices used in the execution of the formwork, telescopic strut-type vertical posts, gallows-type nets, etc., likewise, in the set of systems there are railings, nets, plinths and meshes that cover the holes through which falls can occur.

Regarding the length of the elements, this can be diverse, finding the uprights and vertical elements with a height that oscillates from 1 m, placing 1.20 m for the most part, up to the height that the telescopic props can offer. around 2 or 3 meters.

The most widely used material for the manufacture of railings and uprights is steel, but it is also possible to find other types of materials in their manufacture, such as aluminum, wood, plastic, etc.

As for the more traditional tubular scaffolding used in construction, the maximum permitted height of the lower work platform is 6 meters, requiring the preparation of a structural and assembly calculation project when its height is higher.

Unfortunately, it is often possible to observe operators working on a single plank that serves as a platform, with another located behind them on which they support the material as a railing and without using any means of support. This situation is observed in what is known as borriqueta scaffolding, in which it is not easy to protect the user by using railings, due to their ineffectiveness, as they are incorporated into the scaffolding itself.

Additionally, in the use of the railings it is also possible to observe irregularities in their use that make them a real trap. Thus, it is not difficult to observe horizontal railings bent to achieve a certain angular adaptation or joined together by means of wires to overcome a certain longitudinal limitation, which not only do not prevent people from falling at different levels, but also, on occasions, due to their Poor construction and lack of resistance are the cause of an accident.

To avoid the risks described, it has been seen the need to develop a new Edge Perimeter Protection System (SPPB), extensible in length and height, which ensures adequate protection of the holes and also serves as a crowning aid commonly used in construction, as is the case of tubular scaffolding, which overcomes the safety deficiencies observed and avoids the need to make improvised and inappropriate use of means of protection.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

At present, the means of protection that are usually used to eliminate the risks of falling in building works sometimes suffer from a lack of adequacy and/or adaptation to the geometry of the element to be protected. This sometimes leads to the provision of improvisations with protection elements that are not the most suitable for this purpose.

The object of the present invention is a new perimeter edge protection system (SPPB), extensible in length and height, designed to protect people when they are working on a building site, which eliminates the risks of falling to a level lower and that is portable and versatile enough to allow its use in different situations and locations.

The technical problem to be solved with the invention is to eliminate the need to use improvised and inadequate protection means to make up for the lack of barrier-type security elements both in existing holes in a building work, as well as in the structure and upper part of aids used in construction.

For the purposes of understanding this document, the term auxiliary means is used to identify those auxiliary, provisional and removable structures that serve or help in the execution of a work, and whose construction can be totally or partially undone once the work is finished to the one that was mounted

The adopted solution consists of a perimeter protection system, which serves both for the protection of holes, and for the crowning of auxiliary means commonly used in construction, specifically for tubular scaffolding, composed of a variable number of the following elements:

Element 1. Extendable horizontal railings.

Element 2. Extendable vertical posts.

Element 3. Support parts of the assembly for the protection of openings.

Element 4. Support pieces for the crowning of auxiliary resources.

The technical effect obtained with the adopted solution is to provide a set of versatile, portable and adaptable elements to the different locations and places where there may be a risk of people who are working on a construction site falling to a lower level. edification.

The structure object of the invention allows to obtain an efficient perimeter edge protection system, portable, easy to assemble and transport, safe, versatile and adaptable to different situations and locations where the risk of vertical falls can occur.

Each of the components of the structure object of the invention is described below.

Element 1. Extendable horizontal railings.

The purpose of each element called the horizontal railing (item 1) is to serve as a parapet, once they are placed in said position and held onto the plates that the vertical posts have (item 2).

It is an extensible and longitudinally adjustable element, without the need to use any type of grip system such as screws or clamping stops.

They consist of a central cylindrical tube with a truncated cone-shaped interior, where three extensible/telescopic tube sections are housed concentrically at each end, which also have a truncated-conical shape, where the distal end of the tube with a smaller diameter of each end has a piece, which has one or more hollow areas, designed to allow its assembly to the extensible vertical posts (item 2) on which its assembly is expected.

The design of this element with its extensible/telescopic pieces with a frustoconical shape allows quick and easy sliding, forming a stable assembly at its maximum extension and providing great rigidity, without the need for the use of limiting elements or other types of components such as screws, stops , etc.

Element 2. Extendable vertical posts.

The purpose of each element called vertical post (element 2) is to serve as a vertical support for the elements called horizontal railings (element 1).

Like the previous element, it is an extensible and longitudinally adjustable element made up of four cylindrical pieces with a truncated cone-shaped interior, intended to be housed concentrically, each one inside another with a larger diameter. These pieces are identified as base section, lower intermediate section, upper intermediate section and upper section. All the sections are open at both ends, with the exception of the section with the smallest diameter, called the upper section, which is only open at one of its ends.

Each section has a solid plate attached to the outside, this plate having an angular shape with a 90° inclination. The orientation of each plate of each section that makes up the vertical post is towards the end with the smallest internal diameter of each section, except in the section with the largest diameter, also called the base section, whose orientation is towards its end with the largest diameter.

The function of each plate oriented towards the end with the smallest internal diameter of each piece is to serve as an anchor for one of the ends of a horizontal railing.

The function of the plate that presents the largest piece, also called the base of the post, is to serve as a baseboard housing (if it is used as a SPPB by encapsulating it in the forging) or anchorage of the perimeter network if it is used as protection. of holes.

Regarding the location of the plate, each piece has a slot that will serve as a guide and accommodation for the plate of the piece that must be housed concentrically inside it.

On the side diametrically opposite to the location of the previously described plate and slot, each piece has one or more through holes intended to adjust, through the use of a screw-nut mechanism, each piece in a determined position with respect to the In addition, when each one of them has been introduced inside the one with the immediately superior external diameter and extended longitudinally as a whole until reaching the desired length.

The assembly of the post consists of placing each section inside the section whose outer diameter is immediately smaller than the previous one, beginning with the base section and ending in the upper section. The correct placement of the base section is one that, once the assembly is placed in a vertical position, the plate is oriented towards the bottom. On the contrary, the correct placement of each following section on the base section, once the assembly is placed in a vertical position, will be the one in which the plate is oriented towards the upper part.

In short, the cylindrical base section with an interior in the shape of a truncated cone, will house the other three cylindrical sections with a conical interior shape, with holes in the rear part for height adjustment through specific screws and presented In its front part there is a groove that allows the sliding between them of the plates where the horizontal railings will be supported.

The design of this element with its extensible/telescopic parts, with a frusto-conical interior, allows quick and easy sliding, forming a stable assembly at its maximum extension and providing great rigidity, without the need for limiting elements or other types of components. type screws, stops, being only necessary the use of screw-nut joint mechanisms to ensure that once the different sections that make up the post have been deployed, it remains deployed at the desired height.

Element 3. Support parts of the assembly for the protection of openings.

The purpose of the support pieces adaptable to the protection of vertical holes (item 3) is to serve as a base on which to place the extensible vertical posts (item 2), when using the object of the invention it is a question of protecting vertical openings, such as the openings intended to contain the windows in the building envelope during its construction and before they take their place and fulfill their enclosing function, or the roofs and other structures that make up the building envelope building, before its construction is finished.

It consists of a base piece in the shape of an inverted U that has three hollow cylindrical tubes on the outside, intended to house the vertical railings inside. extendable (item 2). These three projections are also compatible for the accommodation of traditional railings, used in construction such as SPPB.

Each of the arms that form the U, has a threaded through hole. These holes are intended to house and allow the passage through them of the respective threaded pins. These spikes have a pressure biscuit at the end that is inside the U, while on the outside, the spike has a manual rotation lever to facilitate its rotation and allow the fixing of the support to the structure. on which it rests, ensuring its fixing by means of two anti-return nuts, solidary to prevent the slipping of the piece once fixed.

Likewise, in the inner part of the upper part of the piece, it has two safety plates to provide the support with a greater support surface and thus prevent it from tipping over.

The assembly of the support consists of placing the piece on a support of the structure under construction that allows it to be supported by the inside of the inverted U. Once placed on the structure where the support will sit, the two safety plates will prevent it from tipping over, and by turning the turning lever that each of the two threaded bolts has, make them rotate until the biscuits in the that finish these put pressure on the faces of the structure, being assured its fixing thanks to the two anti-return nuts.

Element 4. Support parts of the set for the crowning of scaffolding.

The purpose of this second support piece (item 4) is, as its name indicates, to allow the crowning of scaffolding, allowing the placement of extendable vertical posts (item 2), between which the extendable horizontal railings will be placed. ), to form a perimeter structure that prevents the fall of the user who is on top of the scaffolding.

It so happens that traditional tubular scaffolding, commonly used at low heights (maximum 6 meters by regulation), already have protective railings. However, in certain cases, due to incompatibility with existing elements in the works (beams, hanging beams, height limitation of ceiling, cornices, all of them both interior and exterior) it is not possible to fix them correctly.

On the other hand, we find that the traditional auxiliary means used on site (yellow tubular scaffolding), at a height of 2 meters, are devoid of perimeter protection on the work platform due to the lack of adaptability of the means of protection that currently exist. are traded.

Carrying out the crowning of both types of scaffolding, through the use of this new SPPB, we managed to overcome such limitations, leaving the user protected thanks to an optimal and flexible regulation, as well as safe, that this new system offers.

It consists of a disc-shaped structure, with a recess in its diameter at the bottom that gives it a cylindrical shape that allows it to be attached to conventional scaffolding. This structure has a through hole in its central axis. On the upper part, the one with the largest diameter disc, it has 3 hollow cylinders intended to house the vertical uprights of traditional scaffolding (on the inside) or the extensible vertical posts (item 2) (on the outside).

In the lower part, the one that is cylindrical in shape, it has a horizontal through thread, through which, using a tongue and groove bracing nut, it is possible to firmly fasten the support to the scaffolding.

Among the advantages provided by the invention are its easy assembly, its adaptability and modularity, which eliminates the need to use improvised structures, and its portability, due to its small size (when the pieces are folded) and weight.

More concretely:

- The use of extensible/telescopic pieces in elements 1 and 2 allows the structure obtained to adapt to different distances, both horizontally and vertically, not being necessary to join the bars and railings by dubious fixing methods ( wire type, plastic ties, etc.).

- The ease of easily reducing or expanding its length, avoids the need to deform conventional horizontal railings, to adapt them to the different circumstances of the construction.

- The frusto-conical shape of the interior of elements 1 and 2 allow quick and easy sliding, forming a stable assembly at its maximum extension and providing great rigidity, without the need to use limiting elements or other types of components such as screws, stops, etc.

- The design of all the pieces that make up the set is compatible with the traditional uprights and railings that can currently be purchased on the market, complementing each other.

- Its modularity offers great ease of transport. As they are extensible, in their minimum position, the railings can be transported without the need for trucks to transport construction materials.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description, where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, what has been represented has been following:

Figure 1.- Isometric perspective view of the extensible horizontal railing in the closed position and extended to its maximum length, with detail of each of the sections that compose it.

Figure 1. 1.- Perspective detail view of the extendable horizontal railing in closed position. It shows how the different sections of the handrail are housed inside the section with the largest diameter.

Figure 1.2.- Perspective view of the extensible horizontal handrail where each of the sections that are inserted in the central tube 1a in closed position can be seen.

Figure 1.3.- Sectioned perspective view of the extensible horizontal railing in closed position.

Figure 1.4.- Shows the sections of the extensible horizontal handrail elements in the extended position at its maximum length.

Figure 2.- Isometric perspective view of the extensible vertical pole in closed position and extended to its maximum length with detail of each of the sections and elements that compose it. In this figure are distinguished:

2nd base section

2b lower intermediate section

2c upper intermediate section

2d upper section

2e Adjustment and clamping mechanism

Figure 2.1.- Shows the plan, elevation, left profile and section of the extensible vertical post in the closed position.

Figure 2.2.- Shows the elevation, left profile and section of the extensible vertical post at its maximum length.

Figure 2.3.- Shows different perspective views of the base section 2a of the extensible vertical post.

Figure 2.4.- Shows different perspective views of the lower intermediate section 2b of the extensible vertical post.

Figure 2.5.- Shows different perspective views of the upper intermediate section 2c of the extensible vertical post.

Figure 2.6.- Shows different perspective views of the upper section 2d of the extensible vertical post.

Figure 2.7 .- Shows the plan, elevation, profile and section of the regulation and fastening mechanism.

Figure 2.8.- Shows the sections of the different sections of the extensible vertical pole in the extended position at its maximum length.

Figure 3 .- Shows the isometric perspective view of the support part of the assembly for protection of openings. In this figure the following elements are distinguished:

3a Cylindrical tubes to house the uprights

3b Manual turning levers

3c Threaded dowels

3d Backstop nuts

3e Pressure Biscuits

3f Anti-tilt plates

Figure 3.1.- Shows different points of view of the support part of the assembly for the protection of vertical openings.

Figure 3.2.- Shows the plan, elevation, left profile and section of the support part of the assembly for the protection of vertical openings.

Figure 3.3.- Shows details of the accommodation possibilities for traditional uprights and the extensible vertical posts object of the invention in different points of view.

Figure 4 - Shows an isometric perspective of the base support part of the set intended for the crowning of scaffolding. In this figure the following elements are distinguished:

4a Disc-shaped structure with a recess inside that can be adapted to the traditional scaffold frame.

4b Cylindrical tubes to house the uprights

4c Bracing tongue and groove nut.

Figure 4.1 .- Shows the plan, elevation and section of the base support piece of the assembly intended for the crowning of scaffolding.

Figure 4.2. - Shows details of the accommodation possibilities for traditional uprights and the extensible vertical posts object of the invention in different points of view in the piece described in figure 4.

Figure 5.- Global view of the SPPB object of the invention with all the elements installed as collective protection to prevent falls when working at heights.

Figure 5.1.- Operators working on the floor with a SPPB layout with posts housed in PVC cartridges embedded in the concrete.

Figure 5.2 . Operator close to SPPB with arrangement of support for the assembly for the protection of vertical openings in a roof with a low parapet.

Figure 5.3 . Isometric perspective view of window opening protection with adaptation of the extensible horizontal railing in the necessary length. Positioning of the extensible vertical posts in the interior and intermediate positions.

Figure 5.4.- Support parts of the assembly for the protection of vertical openings for the protection of a window opening, with placement of the vertical posts in an intermediate position.

Figure 5.5 . Support parts of the assembly for the protection of vertical openings for the protection of a window opening, with placement of the vertical posts in an interior position, preventing proximity to the vertical opening.

Figure 5.6 . Support parts of the set for the protection of vertical openings for the protection of a window opening, with placement of the vertical posts in an external position, allowing work inside the vertical opening.

Figure 5.7.- Isometric perspective of traditional scaffolding assembled before and after using the SPPB object of the invention for protection by coping of the base work platform, adjusted to the necessary dimensions to provide safety to the operator in the event of a fall from a height from the platform.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

As previously mentioned, the invention consists of a perimeter protection system, which serves both for the protection of vertical openings, and for the crowning of auxiliary means commonly used in construction, specifically for tubular scaffolding, composed of a number of variable of the following elements:

Item 1. Extendable horizontal railings (1)

Item 2. Extendable vertical posts (2)

Element 3. Support parts of the assembly for the protection of vertical holes (3) Element 4. Support parts for the crowning of auxiliary means (4).

Each of the components of the invention is described in detail below, based on the drawings that are part of this specification.

1. Extendable horizontal railings.

As shown in figure 1, this element (1) is made up of a central cylindrical tube (1a) with a truncated cone-shaped interior, where three sections of tube are housed concentrically at each end (1b, 1c and 1d). , extendable/telescopic, which also have a frusto-conical shape, where the distal end of the tube with the smallest diameter at each end has a piece (1e), which has one or more hollow areas, designed to allow its assembly to the vertical posts extensions (item 2) on which its assembly is expected.

In the first of the images shown in figure 1, this element is shown in the closed position. In this position only the central tube (1a) and the assembly parts (1e) are visible.

The second of the images in figure 1 shows the element in the open position. In this position it is possible to identify all the components of this element.

Figure 1.1 shows a detail of an extensible horizontal railing in the closed position, in which the concentric position of the different sections that make it up (1a, 1b, 1c, 1c) can be seen, each one inside the next one. greater diameter, and the shape of an assembly piece (1e), with its hollow areas for its union with the extensible vertical posts (2).

Figure 1.2 shows different perspective images of the railing (1). In each one of them a different section is shown unfolded, starting from the completely closed position in which only the central section (1a) and the assembly part (1e) are shown.

Figure 1.3 shows a new perspective view of the railing in the closed position, but this time incorporating a section of all the sections that compose it, showing for the first time the middle separation that incorporates section 1a, for the separation of the sections of each type that make up each extensible end of the railing.

Finally, figure 1.4 shows the sections of the railing elements in the extended position at their maximum length.

2. Extendable vertical posts (Figure 2).

As shown in Figure 2, which respectively includes this element (2) in the closed position and extended to its maximum length, this element comprises four cylindrical pieces with a truncated cone-shaped interior (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d), destined to be housed concentrically, each one inside another with a larger diameter and three through nuts (2e) for joining each section with its immediate concentric and ensuring the height of the post reached by the desired unfolding of each of the sections that it's made of.

Each of the sections of the pole are identified as base section (2a), lower intermediate section (2b), upper intermediate section (2c) and upper section (2d). As can be seen in figure 2, all the sections are open at both ends, with the exception of the section with the smallest diameter, called the upper section, which is only open at one from its ends.

Figures 2.1 and 2.2 show the plan, elevation, left profile, and section of the extendable vertical railing in the closed and open position, respectively. They represent the sections in different relative displacement positions and show the three adjustment and fastening mechanisms housed inside the through holes that incorporate the different sections of the post and the 90° angular shaped plates that each section incorporates. .

Figure 2.3 shows different perspective views of the base section (2a) of the extendable vertical railing. In these views it is possible to appreciate the characteristics of this base section (2a):

. its cylindrical shape open at both ends with its interior in the shape of a cone. - Its lateral guide groove, for accommodation of the lower intermediate section plate (2b). - Its through holes intended to adjust, by using a screw-nut mechanism (2e), the lower intermediate section (2b) with respect to the base section (2a). - Its angular plate with a 90° inclination oriented towards the end with the largest internal diameter.

Figure 2.4 shows different perspective views of the lower intermediate section (2b) of the extendable vertical railing. In these views it is possible to appreciate the characteristics of this section:

. its cylindrical shape open at both ends with its interior in the shape of a cone. - Its guide groove for housing the upper intermediate section plate (2c). - Its through holes intended to adjust, by using a screw-nut mechanism (2e), the upper intermediate section (2c) with respect to the lower intermediate section (2b).

- Its angular plate with a 90° inclination oriented towards the end with the smallest internal diameter.

Figure 2.5 shows different perspective views of the upper intermediate section (2c) of the extendable vertical railing. In these views it is possible to appreciate the characteristics of this section:

. its cylindrical shape open at both ends with its interior in the shape of a cone. - Its guide slot for accommodation of the upper section plate (2d).

- Its through holes intended to adjust, by using a screw-nut mechanism (2e), the upper section (2d) with respect to the upper intermediate section (2c). - Its angular plate with a 90° inclination oriented towards the end with the smallest internal diameter.

Figure 2.6 shows different perspective views of the upper section (2d) of the extendable vertical railing. In these views it is possible to appreciate the characteristics of this section:

. its cylindrical shape with its interior in the shape of a cone, open at its inner end with a larger diameter and closed at the one with a smaller diameter.

- its guide groove.

- Its through holes intended to adjust, by using a screw-nut mechanism (2e), the upper section (2d) with respect to the upper intermediate section (2c). - Its angular plate with a 90° inclination oriented towards the end with the smallest internal diameter.

Figure 2.7 shows the plan, elevation, profile and section of the adjustment and clamping mechanism. Additionally, figure 2.8 shows a sectional view of the three adjustment and fastening mechanisms that each vertical post consists of, located between each of the two sections of the vertical post whose relative displacement position must be fixed.

3. Support parts of the assembly for the protection of vertical openings (Figure 3). As shown in figure 3, this element (3) has an inverted U-shaped base structure with a threaded through hole in each of its arms and has the following characteristics:

- Three hollow cylindrical tubes (3a) attached to it on the outside of the upper part of the inverted U, intended to house inside the vertical posts of traditional railings of conventional SPPBs or to serve as a base to be housed inside of the extensible vertical posts object of the invention (item 2).

- Two manual rotation levers (3b), each one attached to one end of each of the two threaded pins (3c), to facilitate and allow their rotation and displacement through each through hole that each arm has of the U-shaped base structure, each of which ends at its opposite end in pressure biscuits (3e).

- two non-return nuts (3d) intended to prevent the rotation of the pins and prevent the displacement of the element 3, once it has been fixed.

- Two anti-tilt plates (3f) on the inside of the upper part of the U to provide the support with a larger support surface and thus prevent it from tipping over.

To visually support the description of the support element of the set for the protection of vertical openings, figure 3.1 shows different points of view thereof, while figure 3.2 shows its plan, elevation, left profile and section.

Additionally, figure 3.3 shows details of the accommodation possibilities for traditional uprights and the extensible vertical posts object of the invention in different points of view. In said figure it can be seen that the cylindrical tubes for housing uprights (3a) serve as a base both for housing traditional uprights and for housing vertical extendable posts (2). However, it is important to observe in the figure that the diameter of the cylindrical tubes for lodging the uprights (3a) allows the traditional uprights to be housed inside, while its outer diameter allows it to be housed inside the extensible vertical posts.

4. Support pieces for the crowning of auxiliary resources (Figure 4). As shown in figure 4, this element (4) is made up of a structure in the shape of a disc section (4a), with a through hole in its central axis, which presents a recess in its diameter in its lower part that allows it to gives this part a cylindrical shape. This lower part transversally incorporates two through threaded holes intended for bracing this structure once coupled to the upper part of one of the vertical uprights of a conventional scaffolding to which the crowning is intended to be provided.

The surface of the part with the largest diameter of the disc-shaped structure (4a) has 3 hollow cylinders (4b) whose purpose is to accommodate either vertical uprights of traditional scaffolding on the inside, or extendable vertical posts ( 2) on the outside.

The bracing of the disc-shaped structure (4a) to the upper part of one of the uprights of a conventional scaffolding is done by means of a bracing tongue and groove nut (4c), thanks to which it is possible to firmly fasten the support to the scaffolding .

Figure 4.1 shows the plan, elevation and section of the base support part of the assembly intended for scaffolding crowning.

For a better understanding of the way in which the support piece intended for the crowning of auxiliary means (4) serves as a base for the accommodation, either of vertical uprights of traditional scaffolding, or of extensible vertical posts (2), figure 4.2 shows details of the accommodation possibilities of both a traditional upright, as well as individual extensible vertical posts object of the invention in different points of view.

The different ways in which the different elements that make up the invention can be used are described below, to fulfill its objective of protecting people who are working on a building site from a fall to a lower level.

As previously described, the fundamental elements of the invention are the extendable horizontal railings (1) and the extendable vertical posts (2), which, as explained below, depending on the location of the hole to be protected , can be used independently or in addition to the support parts of the assembly for the protection of vertical openings (3) or the support parts for the crowning of auxiliary means. Figure 5 shows different examples of use of the different elements that make up the SPPB object of the invention, used for different occasions.

Example of use 1: Embedding the vertical posts in PVC cartridges previously placed in the concreting.

The set formed by a variable number of elements called extendable horizontal railings (1) and extendable vertical posts (2) can be used independently, as a traditional SPPB in the execution of the forged, embedding the vertical posts in PVC cartridges previously placed in the concreting, as shown in figure 5.1.

In this example of use, it is applicable to the protection of both vertical and horizontal holes.

To do this, prior to assembling the posts and railings, the operator must proceed to place the PVC cartridges that will serve as the base for the posts in the slab.

Subsequently, a pole will be placed in each of the cartridges, from which its different sections will be deployed vertically until reaching the required height to reduce the risk of falling, setting the height by means of the m Adjustment and fastening mechanism that this element incorporates for such end.

Between each two posts will be placed, depending on the need, between one and three horizontal railings. To do this, the operator must house the assembly piece (1e) in one of the angle plates of each section and then extend the railing so that the assembly piece at the other end of the railing reaches the necessary length to be housed in an angle plate of another post.

Example of use 2: Using the support part of the set for the protection of vertical openings

Another of the applications of the system object of the invention is materialized by jointly using the extensible horizontal railings (1) together with the extensible vertical posts (2) placed on the support part of the assembly for the protection of vertical openings (3).

In this example of use it is possible to protect different types of vertical openings.

For this, the support piece of the assembly (3) must be previously supported by its interior part, supporting the anti-tilt plates placed on the upper part of the parapet that forms the lower part of the vertical gap to be protected and remaining located its arms on each side of the parapet, leaving the hollow cylinders (3a) oriented towards the top.

Once the support structure is in place, it must be adjusted using the two manual turning levers (3b) attached to the threaded pins (3c) ending in pressure biscuits (3e), being secured by the anti-return nuts (3d) .

After adjusting the support piece, the operator must house the extensible vertical posts (figure 2) in any of the three hollow cylinders (3a), to later place between one and three extensible horizontal railings (1) between each two posts.

Depending on the cylinder (3a) used as the base for the placement of the vertical posts (2), a hole protection will be obtained in an interior, intermediate or exterior position to the hole to be covered.

Figure 5.2 shows the configuration of the SPPB for the protection of vertical openings in a roof with a low parapet. In this image, it can be seen that the cylinder (3a) used to support the posts (2) is the central one, thus leaving the handrail (figure 1) in an intermediate position on the parapet.

Figure 5.3 shows two other possible configurations of the SPPB object of the invention for the protection of two window openings with adaptation of the extensible horizontal railing in the necessary length. In these cases it is shown that the cylinders (3a) used as the base are the exterior and the interior, thus leaving the railing placed respectively in a position external to the window, which would allow working inside the window opening, or in an interior position, preventing the operator from even introducing his body into said hole in the window.

To reflect more clearly the versatility provided by having three cylinders (3a), which allow the posts (2) to be placed in three different positions and therefore the railing (1) in interior, middle and exterior positions of the vertical hole to protect, figures 5.4 have been attached, which exemplify the intermediate position of shaft protection, figure 5.5 that reflects the interior position of the railing, which prevents the user from coming close to the shaft, and figure 5.6 which shows the outer position of the railing, which allows the user to work inside the shaft.

Example of use 3: Using the support part of the set intended for the coping of scaffolding

Another of the applications of the system object of the invention is materialized by jointly using the extensible horizontal railings (1) together with the extensible vertical posts (2) placed on the support part of the assembly intended for scaffolding crowning (4).

In this example of use, by means of scaffolding crowning, a perimeter structure is developed that prevents the fall of the user who is on top of the scaffolding.

To do this, the disc-shaped structure (4a) of the assembly support element (figure 4) must be previously attached to the vertical upright of the scaffolding to be crowned. For the proper fastening of the support piece (4) to the scaffold upright, it is necessary to drill a hole at the desired height, so that, by means of the tongue and groove nut (4c) it is possible to brace the support element to the scaffold upright at to crown.

Once the support piece (4) has been braced to the scaffold upright, it is necessary to accommodate, in the desired positions on the cylindrical tubes (4b), either vertical uprights of traditional scaffolding, or extendable vertical posts (2) to form the vertical structure. . As mentioned in previous sections, both elements, both conventional scaffolding uprights and extendable vertical posts (2) can be used, both interchangeably and together, since they are fully compatible.

Finally, once the vertical structure is formed, between every two elements of said structure will be placed, depending on the need, between one and three horizontal railings. To do this, the operator must place the assembly part (1e) in one of the angle plates of each vertical element (conventional upright or extendable vertical post) and then extend the railing so that the assembly piece at the other end of the railing reaches the necessary length to be housed in an angle plate of another vertical element.

The arrangement of the angular plates that the sections of the extensible vertical posts have and the variation in height that can be obtained by means of the relative displacement of said sections confer a high degree of versatility.

Figure 5.7 shows two images that respectively reflect a conventional scaffolding and the same scaffolding that has been provided with the perimeter protection structure using the support part of the assembly intended for scaffolding crowning (4), demonstrating the improvement of the security of the same that is achieved with the crowning of the same.

Claims (5)

1. Perimeter edge protection system (SPPB) for the protection of holes and the crowning of auxiliary means, which includes a variable number of the following elements: - Element 1. Extendable horizontal railing (1) made up of a central cylindrical tube (1a) with a truncated cone-shaped interior, where three sections of tube are concentrically housed at each end (1b, 1c and 1d), extendable/telescopic , which also have a frusto-conical shape, where the distal end of the tube with a smaller diameter at each end has a piece (1e), which has one or more hollow areas, intended to allow its assembly to the extensible vertical posts (item 2 ) on which its assembly is expected; - Element 2. Extendable vertical post (2) made up of four cylindrical pieces with a truncated cone-shaped interior (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d), intended to be housed concentrically, each one inside another with a larger diameter and three screw-nut mechanisms (2e) for fixing each section with its immediate concentric, where all the sections are open at both ends, with the exception of the section with the smallest diameter, which is only open at one of its ends, where each section has towards the outside an angular plate with a 90° inclination joined in a solid manner and a slot that will serve as a guide and accommodation for the plate of the piece that must be housed concentrically inside it, as well as one or more through holes for adjust, through the use of a screw-nut mechanism (2e), each section in a determined position with respect to the others; - Element 3. Support part of the assembly for the protection of vertical openings (3) that has a base structure in the shape of an inverted U with a threaded through hole in each of its arms and that incorporates: - three hollow cylindrical tubes (3a) attached to it on the outside of the upper part of the inverted U, - Two manual turning levers (3b), each one of them attached to one end of each of the two threaded pins (3c), each of which ends at its opposite end in two pressure biscuits (3e), - two non-return nuts (3d) intended to prevent the rotation of the pins (3c), - Two anti-tilt plates (3f) on the inside of the upper part of the U. - Element 4. Support piece intended for the crowning of auxiliary means (4), which has a structure (4a) in the shape of a disc section, with a through hole in its central axis, which presents a recess in its diameter in its part. which gives this part a cylindrical shape, where the cylindrical part is traversed transversely by two through threaded holes intended for bracing by means of a tongue and groove nut (4c) of this structure (4) once attached to the upper part of one of the vertical uprights of a conventional scaffolding to which the crowning is intended to be provided, and where the surface of the part with the largest diameter of the disc-shaped structure (4a), has 3 hollow cylinders (4b) whose purpose is to allow a good housing vertical uprights of traditional scaffolding on the inside, or extendable vertical posts (2) on the outside. 2. Perimeter edge protection system (SPPB) for the protection of holes and the crowning of auxiliary means, according to claim 1, characterized in that the orientation of the plate of each section that makes up the extensible vertical post (2) is towards the end of smaller internal diameter of each section (2b, 2c and 2d), except in the section of greater diameter (2a), whose orientation is towards its end of greater internal diameter. 3. Use of the edge protection perimeter system (SPPB), according to previous claims, for the protection of both vertical and horizontal holes, using a variable number of extendable horizontal railings (1) placed between two or more extendable vertical posts. (2), embedded in PVC cartridges placed in the concreting. 4. Use of the edge protection perimeter system (SPPB), according to previous claims, for the protection of openings, jointly using a variable number of extensible horizontal railings (1) placed between two or more extensible vertical posts (2) mounted on one of the three hollow cylindrical tubes (3a) of the support part of the assembly for the protection of vertical openings (3). 5. Use of the edge protection perimeter system (SPPB), according to previous claims, for the creation of a perimeter structure that prevents the fall of a user who is on top of a scaffolding, jointly using a variable number of extensible horizontal railings (1) placed between two or more extensible vertical posts (2) mounted on the cylindrical tubes (4b) of two or more support pieces of the set intended for scaffolding crowning (4), previously braced to respective uprights of the scaffolding to crown