ES1257349U - Macro-hybrid switch block. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Macro-hybrid switch block, characterized in that it is made up of a series of modules (1) that can be linked together laterally, as many as lines to be connected/sectioned, materialized in an insulating casing with two end accesses (3) for the cables to be connected of the lines to be sectioned, linkable by means of practicable means to respective conductive plates (4-4') spaced from each other, which in their confrontation area have a fork-like configuration, above which a cam (8) or control that operates, by means of a transmission connecting rod (9) and a support (10), a conductive clamp (11) that is inserted into the conductive plates (4-4'). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Macro-hybrid switch block

TECHNICAL SECTOR

The present invention relates to a device intended to allow sectioning to be carried out in a low voltage industrial electrical installation.

The object of the invention is to provide a disconnectable connection block capable of transverse electrical connections and the functions of a unipolar or multipolar disconnecting switch, the operating mode of which is carried out by means of a cam that sequentially concatenates both functions as a pre-established program.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

To establish a sectionalization in a low voltage industrial electrical installation there are two international IEC standards under which this electrical component can be designed.

The IEC 60947-7-1 standard that deals with connection blocks, defined as insulating elements that contain at least one connection set intended to be fixed on a support, includes a section dedicated to the sectionable type.

These connection blocks must allow an open circuit to be left, but without the need to meet isolation requirements between the open contacts and the use being conditioned to carry it out with zero potential and no electric charge.

The IEC 60947-3 standard on electrical equipment is dedicated to fuse switch disconnectors in all their combinations.

To fulfill the condition of disconnector, it is necessary that the isolation function between the open contacts be fulfilled and to fulfill the function of switch, certain requirements for breaking and closing on load must be exceeded.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

The device recommended is a disconnectable connection block with expanded or improved functions specific to a switch-disconnector.

To this end, the block includes a mechanism consisting of a cam or control that operates, by means of a transmission rod and a support, a conductive clamp that is inserted into two fork-shaped conductors arranged opposite each other, making the necessary force so that the The clamp establishes the connection with the necessary contact pressure so that when circulating the maximum admissible current through the component, overheating does not occur.

The cam design provides ample contact clip travel ensuring isolation distance in the open position.

So that the instant in which the electrical contact between the clamp and the hairpin conductors is made is as fast as possible, the clamp support has a slot with an interference point to a partition opposite in the insulating element arranged in such a way. In such a way that during the opening or closing stroke the cam is retained as long as an outside greater than that which would be needed to move it normally is not applied on it, in this way until this superior force is applied it would not advance and at the determined moment all the force would be suddenly released to close or open the circuit, thus avoiding near-closed or near-open disconnecting clamp positions in which arc skipping and component damage would occur.

Additionally, in order to fulfill the switch function, when it is a three-phase circuit, it is also necessary that the different phases of the electrical line to be sectioned off simultaneously, to avoid imbalances that could damage other equipment or the installation. and above all that in no case is the neutral disconnected before the phases.

For this, the connecting block cam has an interconnection system between adjacent elements so that all act at the same time or with a time difference despicable that is not harmful.

On the other hand, the design is equipped with a locking system for the position of the cam in open or closed that can only be activated by using a special tool, thus providing a feature as a safety warning prior to the operations of opening or closing of the circuit.

The connection block also has a fixed bridging system to contiguous elements that allows a bypass of the line in all or some of the phases before isolating and being able to isolate the two output lines simultaneously or independently for each phase and / or neutral of an electrical circuit.

This non-removable and alternative external bridging system, with the capacity of up to four bridging lines to contiguous elements alternately (so that the elements to which the derivation is made through the bridge remain in the same order as the elements from where is bridged), isolated from each other defining four opposing bridges two by two so that each pair of bridges are interlocked to connect in one or the other of the two areas arranged for this purpose in the conductor

It is worth noting the fact that in certain installations it is necessary to offer safety protection while maintenance is being carried out on some of the lines of said installation.

Safety standards require first to disconnect the line and subsequently short-circuit the sectioned line by grounding each phase and the neutral. Once this is done, the sectioning mechanism must be protected with a padlock system that prevents reconnecting the line while there is an operator performing work on it.

To perform this function, the sectionable connection block of the invention can provide this operating sequence by means of a few complements:

1.- Section the main power line

2. - Short-circuit the output receiving line to ground.

3. - Protect the ground-breaking and bridging mechanism.

For this, a contact piece made of elastic material is assembled on the holder of the sectioning clamp. This piece is in permanent contact with a stem riveted to the conductive fork of the sectioning system outlet.

When the sectioning cam is operated with the circuit closed, the first thing that occurs is the opening of the circuit. Once the circuit is open, the cam continues to be actuated until it reaches the end of its travel, at which point the added elastic piece, which, while still having contact with the output conductor, comes into contact with a transverse conductor in the manner of a mounted electric bridge. through the elements to be short-circuited and this in turn connected to an additional grounding element, thus making the ground connection that guarantees there is no residual or return voltage in the circuit on which the maintenance is to be carried out .

In the closed or connected position the required isolation distance from the earth conductor is maintained.

The set has a transparent protection cover that together with an eyebolt allows the placement of a multi-user security padlock.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is going to be made below and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of a practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:

Figure 1.- Shows a perspective view of a sectionable connection block made in accordance with the object of the present invention.

Figure 2.- Shows a longitudinal section view of the block, in the "open" position.

Figure 3.- Shows a view similar to that of figure 2, but in the closed position.

Figure 4.- Shows a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the block, with ground protection.

Figure 5A.- Shows a longitudinal sectional view of the block of figure 4, in the “open” position and short-circuited to ground.

Figure 5B.- Shows a view of the assembly of figure 5A from its opposite side.

Figure 6A.- Shows a view similar to that of figure 5, but in the closed position.

Figure 6B.- Shows a view of the assembly of figure 6A from its opposite side.

Figures 7 and 8.- They show respective views according to a vertical longitudinal section plane of the set of the previous figures, in which they are shown how the support associated with the cam has a movable groove on a lug arranged in a partition of the insulating support. in such a way that during the opening or closing stroke the cam is retained as long as a force greater than that which would be needed to move it normally is applied to it, so that it does not remain in intermediate working positions.

Figure 9.- Shows a perspective view, similar to that of figure 1, but in which the device appears partially sectioned, to allow visualizing the way of connecting the bridges between modules.

Figure 10.- Shows a series of electrical diagrams that can be implemented with the sectionable connection block of figure 1.

Figure 11.- Shows a series of electrical diagrams that can be implemented with the sectionable connection block of figure 4.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In view of the outlined figures, it can be seen how the block of the invention is made up of a series of modules (1) that can be linked together laterally, as many as lines to be connected / sectioned, materialized in a casing with two accesses (3 ) ends for the cables to be connected of the lines to / section, which are put in electrical contact with the respective conductive plates (4-4 ') connection that is stabilized by means of clamps (5) adjustable by means of screws (6) accessible to through upper holes (7).

The conductive plates (4-4 ') are conveniently spaced from each other, and in their area of confrontation they have a fork-like configuration, so that a cam (8) or control is established above them that actuates, by means of a connecting rod Transmission (9) and a support (10), a clamp (11) that is inserted into the opposite fork-shaped conductive plates (4-4 ') making the necessary force for the clamp (11) to establish the connection with Sufficient contact pressure required for the intensity that must flow through the component without causing overheating.

The design of the cam (8) provides a wide travel of the contact clip (11) guaranteeing the isolation distance in the open position.

According to another of the characteristics of the invention, the support (10) associated with the cam (8) has a groove (12 ') movable on a lug (12) arranged in a partition of the insulating support in such a way that during the opening or closing travel, the cam is retained as long as a force greater than that which would be needed to move it normally is applied to it, so that it does not remain in intermediate working positions.

As can be seen in figure 3, the cam (8) has an interconnection system (13) between adjacent elements so that they all act at the same time or with a very small time difference that is not harmful.

Said cams (8) will have a through hole (14) to allow access, when in the open position, to an eccentric safety pin (15) with a 90 ° rotation that only can be actuated by using a special tool, so that the eccentric element of this pin has a position in which the support (10) of the cam can move freely up and down, said pin being through a hole (10 ') of said support (10), while the rotation of said pin causes the support and consequently the cam to be locked in either of its two extreme positions, thus providing a feature as a safety warning prior to the operations for opening or closing the circuit, all of this as can be seen in the detail in figure 7. The actuation head of said pin will also be eccentric to ensure that it does not change its position inadvertently.

The connection block can also have a non-removable external bridging system (2) to contiguous elements that allows a bypass of the line before isolating and being able to isolate the two output lines simultaneously or independently for each phase and / or neutral. of an electrical circuit, that is to say with the capacity of up to four bridging lines to contiguous elements, isolated from each other.

The bridging system (2) is external, non-removable and alternative, with the capacity for up to four bridging lines (2) to alternately contiguous elements, so that the elements to which the derivation is made through the bridge, remain in the same order as the elements from which it is bridged, bridging lines (2) isolated from each other defining four opposing bridges two by two so that each pair of bridges are arranged intertwined to connect in one or the other of the two areas arranged at the effect on conductor (4).

According to the variant of practical embodiment of Figures 4 to 6, that is to say a variant in which the connection block includes grounding for the phases and the neutral, in which after disconnection of the line, the connection is short-circuited sectioned line by grounding each phase and neutral, and subsequently the sectioning mechanism must be protected to prevent reconnecting the line while there is an operator performing work on it, as shown in figure 4, complementing the block with a cover (16) transparent, with a circular window (17) through which an eyebolt (18) attached to the block passes, which allows the placement of a multi-user security padlock in its corresponding hole (19).

According to Figures 5 and 6, a vertically movable contact piece (20) is attached to the support (10) simultaneously with said support, a piece that regardless of the position of the cam remains in contact with a stem (21), on which it slides, stem riveted to the yoke of the conductive plate (4 ') that exits the sectioning system.

In this way, when the sectioning cam (8) is actuated, the circuit being closed, the first thing that occurs is the opening of the circuit. Once the circuit is open, the cam continues to be actuated until it reaches the end of its travel, at which point the contact piece (20), which, while still having contact with the output conductor, comes into contact with a mounted transverse conductor (22). through the elements to be short-circuited and this in turn connected to an additional grounding element, thus making the ground connection that guarantees there is no residual or return voltage in the circuit on which the maintenance is to be carried out .

Finally, it only remains to point out that, in the closed or connected position, the necessary isolation distance from the earth conductor is maintained.

Claims (7)

1§.- Macro-hybrid switch block, characterized in that it is made up of a series of modules (1) that can be linked together laterally, as many as lines to be connected / sectioned, materialized in an insulating casing with two end accesses (3) for the cables to be connected of the lines to be sectioned, linked by means of practicable means to respective conductive plates (4-4 ') spaced from each other, which in their confrontation area have a fork-like configuration, above which a cam (8) or control that operates, by means of a transmission connecting rod (9) and a support (10), a conductive clamp (11) that is inserted into the conductive plates (4-4 '). 2§.- Macro-hybrid switch block, according to claim 1§, characterized in that the support (10) associated with the cam (8) has a groove (12 ') movable on a lug (12) arranged in a partition of the support insulating in such a way that during the opening or closing stroke the cam is retained as long as a force greater than that which would be required to move it normally is applied to it, so that it does not unintentionally remain in intermediate working positions. 3§.- Macro-hybrid switch block, according to claim 1§, characterized in that the cam (8) has an interconnection system (13) between adjoining module cams. 4§.- Macro-hybrid switch block, according to claim 1§, characterized in that it has an eccentric safety pin (15) that rotates 90 ° to block the sectioning system from both its open and closed position, to through the blocking of the support (10) of the cam, the cam (8) presenting a through hole (14) for access, in the open position, by means of an actuation tool on said eccentric safety pin, whose actuating head has a eccentric configuration. 5§.- Macro-hybrid switch block, according to claim 1§, characterized in that it includes a non-removable and alternative external bridging system, with the capacity of up to four bridging lines (2) to contiguous elements alternately, so that the elements to which the derivation is made by means of the bridge remain in the same order as the elements from which it is bridged, bridging lines (2) isolated from each other defining four opposing bridges two by two in such a way that each pair of bridges are interlaced to connect in one or the other of the two areas arranged for this purpose in the conductor (4). 6§.- Macro-hybrid switch block, according to claim 1§, characterized in that it includes a transparent cover (16), with a circular window (17) through which an eyebolt (18) integral with the block, which allows the placement of a multi-user security padlock in its corresponding hole (19). 7§.- Macro-hybrid switch block, according to claims 1§ and 6§, characterized in that the support (10) is fixed with a sliding contact piece (20) along a stem (21) riveted to the fork of the conductive plate (4 ') of the sectioning system outlet, which connects to a through bridge (22) for grounding.