ES1111380U - Machine for the interceding of the earth (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Machine for the interceding of the earth (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES1111380U ES1111380U ES201430211U ES201430211U ES1111380U ES 1111380 U ES1111380 U ES 1111380U ES 201430211 U ES201430211 U ES 201430211U ES 201430211 U ES201430211 U ES 201430211U ES 1111380 U ES1111380 U ES 1111380U
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- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- machine
- tractor
- teeth
- respect
- angle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B39/00—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
- A01B39/12—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing for special purposes, e.g. for special culture
- A01B39/16—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing for special purposes, e.g. for special culture for working in vineyards, orchards, or the like ; Arrangements for preventing damage to vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B19/00—Harrows with non-rotating tools
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Machines (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Máquina para el labrado intercepa de la tierra. Machine for tilling intercepa of the earth.
Las máquinas intercepa, llamadas también entre hileras o acaballonadoras, son máquinas agrícolas que pueden trabajar lateralmente a la línea de marcha del tractor que las conduce. De hecho, dichas máquinas presentan el grupo operativo móvil con respecto 10 al armazón de acoplamiento al tractor, existiendo entre ambos un dispositivo, hidráulico, mecánico o eléctrico, para la retracción automática del grupo operativo mencionado anteriormente en el volumen del tractor cada vez que un órgano palpador apropiado, (aunque también una fotocélula o un sensor láser), situado en posición avanzada, encuentra el tallo de una planta u otros obstáculos, como las estacas de una viña o de un Intercepa machines, also called between rows or graders, are agricultural machines that can work laterally to the running line of the tractor that drives them. In fact, said machines present the mobile operating group with respect to the coupling frame to the tractor, there being between them a device, hydraulic, mechanical or electrical, for the automatic retraction of the operating group mentioned above in the volume of the tractor every time a appropriate probing organ, (although also a photocell or a laser sensor), located in an advanced position, finds the stem of a plant or other obstacles, such as the stakes of a vineyard or a
15 frutal. De manera análoga, superado el obstáculo a evitar, el mismo dispositivo, hidráulico, mecánico o eléctrico procede a devolver automáticamente el grupo operativo para que sobresalga lateralmente entre una planta y otra de una hilera. 15 fruit. Similarly, overcoming the obstacle to avoid, the same device, hydraulic, mechanical or electrical automatically returns the operating group so that it protrudes laterally between a plant and another of a row.
La presente invención se refiere, en particular, a una máquina intercepa para el labrado 20 del terreno de un huerto de trufas, es decir, donde se cultivan trufas. The present invention relates, in particular, to an intercepa machine for tilling 20 the ground of a truffle garden, that is, where truffles are grown.
En un huerto de trufas, la densidad de plantación es muy importante y, a partir de la In a truffle garden, planting density is very important and, from the
25 experiencia de los cultivadores de trufas, se obtiene que la medida entre planta y planta que proporciona los mejores resultados es de 5 metros entre las filas y de 3 metros de longitud de la fila. Tal densidad permite una rápida colonización del terreno por parte del micelio, pero no limita el espacio de las raíces ni vuelve excesiva la espesura. Uno de los cuidados de los cultivos indispensables para el crecimiento del sistema radicular y, por 25 experience of truffle growers, it is obtained that the measure between plant and plant that provides the best results is 5 meters between the rows and 3 meters in length of the row. Such density allows rapid colonization of the soil by the mycelium, but does not limit the root space or make the thickness excessive. One of the care of the crops essential for the growth of the root system and, for
30 tanto, para crear las condiciones ideales para el desarrollo de las micorrizas, (asociación simbiótica entre un hongo y una planta superior, ubicada en el entorno del sistema radicular del simbionte vegetal), es el de realizar un buen labrado del terreno para airearlo y conseguir que la estructura esté suelta, trazando además los surcos para que fluya el agua de lluvia. Todo esto, obviamente sin dañar las propias raíces. 30 Therefore, to create the ideal conditions for the development of mycorrhizae, (symbiotic association between a fungus and a higher plant, located in the environment of the root system of the plant symbiote), is to perform a good tillage of the land to air it and ensure that the structure is loose, also tracing the grooves so that rainwater flows. All this, obviously without damaging the roots themselves.
Ya existen máquinas que presentan un bastidor dotado de una pluralidad de dientes fijos There are already machines that have a frame equipped with a plurality of fixed teeth
y desviados de manera que realizan otros tantos surcos durante el arrastre por parte de un tractor, pero dichas máquinas implican la ejecución de muchas maniobras por parte del tractor para obtener el labrado deseado alrededor de cada planta, si no se añade la aproximación marcha atrás a la propia planta, con todos los posibles imprevistos del and deflected so that they make as many grooves during the drag by a tractor, but these machines involve the execution of many maneuvers by the tractor to obtain the desired working around each plant, if the reverse approach is not added to the plant itself, with all the possible unforeseen events of
5 caso, además de un notable alargamiento de los tiempos de labrado y del hecho de que las continuas pasadas del tractor junto a la planta, para labrar el terreno por cada lado, pueden llevar a la compactación del propio terreno. 5 case, in addition to a notable lengthening of the working times and the fact that the continuous passes of the tractor next to the plant, to till the ground on each side, They can lead to compaction of the land itself.
10 El objetivo de la presente invención es el de realizar una máquina intercepa para el labrado de terrenos, en particular pero no exclusivamente de huertos de trufas, es decir, una máquina que pueda labrar el terreno alrededor de las plantas simplemente gracias a la inserción del grupo operativo entre las hileras, aunque siempre según una medida The objective of the present invention is to make an intercepa machine for tillage of land, in particular but not exclusively for truffle orchards, that is, a machine that can till the ground around the plants simply thanks to the insertion of the operating group between the rows, although always according to a measure
15 preestablecida con respecto a la posición del último obstáculo superado para llegar hasta la línea media teórica de la hilera o en la proximidad de ésta, garantizando el labrado perfecto del terreno alrededor de cada planta y, además, trabajando rápidamente y sin acarrear daños a la propia planta. 15 preset with respect to the position of the last obstacle overcome to reach the theoretical midline of the row or in the vicinity of the row, guaranteeing the perfect tillage of the land around each plant and, also, working quickly and without causing damage to the own plant.
La presente invención se describe a continuación con la ayuda de tres hojas de dibujo en las que, sólo a título indicativo pero no limitativo, se representan: The present invention is described below with the help of three drawing sheets in which, only by way of indication but not limitation, are represented:
25 - la figura 1, que muestra una vista de tres cuartos desde arriba de la máquina ideada y representada en este caso ya unida al tractor; 25 - Figure 1, which shows a three-quarter view from the top of the machine designed and represented in this case already attached to the tractor;
- --
- las figuras 2, 3 y 4, que muestran otras tantas vistas en alzado de uno de los dientes pivotantes que caracterizan la máquina ideada; Figures 2, 3 and 4, which show as many elevational views of one of the pivoting teeth that characterize the machine devised;
- --
- las figuras 5 y 6, que muestran una vista lateral y la vista desde arriba de la máquina de la figura 1. Figures 5 and 6, showing a side view and the top view of the machine of Figure 1.
Descripci6n detallada de unas formas de realizaci6n de la invenci6n Detailed description of some embodiments of the invention
A partir del examen de los dibujos adjuntos y partiendo del de la figura 1, se deduce que From the examination of the attached drawings and starting from that of Figure 1, it follows that
la máquina intercepa A se aplica a la parte trasera de un tractor M, adecuada para moverse entre dos filas de plantas a lo largo de una línea media teórica. Dicha máquina intercepa podría aplicarse también a la parte delantera o a los laterales del tractor M. The inter-machine A is applied to the rear of a tractor M, suitable for moving between two rows of plants along a theoretical midline. Said intercepa machine could also be applied to the front or to the sides of the M tractor.
5 El grupo A2 operativo de la máquina A se mueve, con respecto al armazón A1 de acoplamiento al tractor M, con un movimiento en paralelograma y dicho movimiento del grupo A2 operativo se acciona a través de un cilindro hidráulico B, alimentado por una bomba accionada por la toma de fuerza del tractor (figura 6). 5 The operating group A2 of machine A moves, with respect to frame A1 of coupling to the tractor M, with a parallel movement and said movement of the operating group A2 is operated through a hydraulic cylinder B, powered by a pump powered by tractor power take-off (figure 6).
10 Para realizar el desplazamiento de cierre del grupo operativo está previsto un órgano palpador T de tipo conocido que, cada vez que se presiona por el encuentro con una planta, implica que una electroválvula de tipo conocido hace fluir aceite desde la bomba hasta el cilindro de manera que retrae al grupo A2 operativo hasta que cesa la presión sobre el palpador T mencionado anteriormente; superado el obstáculo y cesada la 10 In order to carry out the closing movement of the operating group, a sensing organ T of known type is provided which, every time it is pressed by the encounter with a plant, implies that a solenoid valve of known type makes oil flow from the pump to the cylinder of so that it retracts the operative group A2 until the pressure on the probe T mentioned above ceases; overcome the obstacle and ceased the
15 presión mencionada anteriormente, la electroválvula y el conmutador electrónico de la máquina determinan, a través de la circulación del aceite, el movimiento inverso necesario para el cilindro para devolver el grupo A2 operativo entre las hileras de plantas The pressure mentioned above, the solenoid valve and the electronic switch of the machine determine, through the circulation of the oil, the reverse movement necessary for the cylinder to return the operating group A2 between the rows of plants
P. P.
20 El bastidor 1 rígido del grupo A2 operativo presenta dos largueros 2 que llevan cada uno una pluralidad de dientes 3 metálicos que, mutuamente desviados, encontrándose los del larguero anterior en una posición intermedia con respecto a los del larguero posterior, presentan la característica de ser pivotantes, es decir, pueden girar alrededor de un eje vertical en tanto que están montados en medios giratorios 3’, por ejemplo pernos, 20 The rigid frame 1 of the operative group A2 has two stringers 2 each bearing a plurality of metal teeth 3 which, mutually deflected, those of the anterior stringer being in an intermediate position with respect to those of the posterior stringer, have the characteristic of being pivoting, that is, they can rotate about a vertical axis as long as they are mounted on rotating means 3 ', for example bolts,
25 cojinetes, bujes y otros, come se deduce de las figuras 2-3-4. 25 bearings, bushings and others, as follows from Figures 2-3-4.
Los dientes 3 pivotantes mencionados anteriormente, inclinados con respecto al terreno en un ángulo que garantiza ventajosamente la penetración con el propio extremo 30 perfilado en punta, se orientan autónomamente, durante el avance del tractor M, o bien al The pivoting teeth 3 mentioned above, inclined with respect to the ground at an angle that advantageously guarantees penetration with the tipped end 30 itself, are oriented autonomously, during the advance of the tractor M, or at the
30 variar la propia dirección de la marcha del tractor o bien cuando el grupo A2 operativo se retrae y sale, guiado por el palpador T, para realizar un labrado casi en semicírculo a ambos lados de cada planta. 30 vary the direction of the tractor's march or when the operating group A2 retracts and leaves, guided by the probe T, to perform a semi-circular styling on both sides of each plant.
Además, pueden preverse unos medios que permiten que dichos dientes 3 giren In addition, means can be provided that allow said teeth 3 to rotate
35 alrededor del eje 3’ vertical recorriendo un ángulo comprendido entre 100o y 200o, ventajosamente de 150o. 35 around the vertical 3 ’axis along an angle between 100o and 200o, advantageously 150o.
A partir de lo que se ha comentado, se deduce que los dientes pivotantes son la solución ideal para obtener el mejor labrado del terreno, con la garantía de que la longitud de los surcos trazados es siempre uniforme. From what has been said, it follows that the pivoting teeth are the ideal solution to obtain the best ground, with the guarantee that the length of the grooves drawn is always uniform.
5 Además, el hecho de posicionarse autónomamente de canto respecto a la dirección de la marcha, es decir, con su lado más estrecho, hace que no opongan resistencia al avance, lo que de lo contrario sucedería si fuesen fijos y, además, garantiza que permanezcan ventajosamente inclinados en la dirección de arrastre en el ángulo que forman con el 5 In addition, the fact of positioning itself autonomously with respect to the direction of the march, that is to say, with its narrower side, does not oppose resistance to the advance, which would otherwise happen if they were fixed and, in addition, guarantees that remain advantageously inclined in the direction of drag at the angle that they form with the
10 terreno para obtener la penetración más ventajosa. 10 terrain to obtain the most advantageous penetration.
Con el fin de evitar el hundimiento de la máquina A en el terreno durante la tracción por parte del tractor M, el armazón A1 de acoplamiento presenta unos medios de soporte 4, tales como patines o ruedas, eventualmente de altura regulable y que presentan el In order to avoid the sinking of the machine A on the ground during traction by the tractor M, the coupling frame A1 has support means 4, such as skates or wheels, possibly of adjustable height and having the
15 objetivo de evitar también un hundimiento excesivo de los dientes 3, circunstancia que podría estropear irremediablemente las raíces y las micorrizas. 15 aim to also avoid excessive sinking of the teeth 3, a circumstance that could inevitably spoil the roots and mycorrhizae.
Resulta evidente que, sin perjuicio de las características básicas ilustradas y descritas, eventuales modificaciones o variantes estarán a su vez comprendidas en el presente 20 alcance de patente y, entre éstas, deben entenderse comprendidas todas las formas de accionamiento de los dientes pivotantes que entren en la misma idea de solución. Además, eventuales modificaciones o variantes serán independientes de la elección del tipo de dispositivo hidráulico o mecánico previsto para el movimiento transversal del grupo operativo, de los medios de detección utilizados y de su posicionamiento con el fin It is evident that, without prejudice to the basic features illustrated and described, any modifications or variants will be in turn covered by the present scope of the patent and, among these, all forms of actuation of the pivoting teeth that enter into The same solution idea. In addition, possible modifications or variants will be independent of the choice of the type of hydraulic or mechanical device provided for the transverse movement of the operating group, of the detection means used and their positioning in order
25 de detectar los desplazamientos del grupo operativo. 25 to detect the displacements of the operating group.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITRA2013U000007 | 2013-02-15 | ||
ITRA20130007 ITRA20130007U1 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2013-02-15 | MACHINE FOR INTERCEPTI WORKING OF THE EARTH. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ES1111380U true ES1111380U (en) | 2014-06-09 |
ES1111380Y ES1111380Y (en) | 2014-09-03 |
Family
ID=49484745
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
ES201430211U Expired - Fee Related ES1111380Y (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2014-02-14 | Machine for intercepa tillage of the earth |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
ES (1) | ES1111380Y (en) |
FR (1) | FR3002109B3 (en) |
IT (1) | ITRA20130007U1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11930727B1 (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2024-03-19 | Brian N. Magarin | Adjustable row crop cultivator |
-
2013
- 2013-02-15 IT ITRA20130007 patent/ITRA20130007U1/en unknown
-
2014
- 2014-02-13 FR FR1451108A patent/FR3002109B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-02-14 ES ES201430211U patent/ES1111380Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11930727B1 (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2024-03-19 | Brian N. Magarin | Adjustable row crop cultivator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3002109A3 (en) | 2014-08-22 |
FR3002109B3 (en) | 2015-07-03 |
ES1111380Y (en) | 2014-09-03 |
ITRA20130007U1 (en) | 2014-08-16 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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FG1K | Utility model granted |
Effective date: 20140828 |
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FD1K | Utility model lapsed |
Effective date: 20200414 |