ES1071610U - Safety network fixing hook in construction works (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Hook for fixing safety nets in construction works, of the hook type of those that are placed embedded in the concrete along the edge of the floor of the floors of the building and of the civil works structures to serve as points of anchoring of the perimeter rope of the safety net panels, mounted on the works according to the conventional systems of network s or horizontal, or network v or vertical, characterized by being constituted by a steel round of straight stem (1) and two bends at right angles, in the same direction and direction, one of shorter length (2), by the lower end where the hook is embedded in the concrete, and another one of greater length (3), by the upper part in that the hook is outside the concrete, from which a triangular geometry hook head is formed open at its end, by means of three consecutive bends, a first folding (4) of less than 90º in the opposite direction to that of the super bend ior and at a distance from it of approximately twice as much as the piece resulting from the lower kink, a second folding (5) of just over 90º in the same direction to the first and at a distance that approximately coincides with the end of the lower kink in parallel line to the stem, and a third fold (6) of just over 90º in the opposite direction, to originate the passage channel of the hook, whose upper end is aligned with the axis of the stem and whose step height is less than the diameter of the rope perimeter (7) of the network that aims to be hooked. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Safety net fixing hook in construction.

The present invention whose protection is request as a national utility model, aims at a new safety net fixing hook in works of construction, valid for the usual installation systems and assembly of this type of networks, especially the "S" network horizontal and the network "V" vertical (net and gallows).

It is a small simple geometric piece,  formed from a round steel with a straight stem and two right angle couplings, one of which, the one intended for stand out from the anchor concrete, it is topped with a structure of triangular hook open at its end, which can also be complemented with a safety lock, which is a ring that surrounds the passage channel of the hitch structure, and with a signaling plate introduced by one of its ends.

This novel and at the same time simple geometry of hook in question, give it some important advantages practices in its use, such as enabling positioning fast and stable during placement in concrete still fresh of the slab, or making the fixing process very easy and fast of the network once installed, and also make it very profitable for the market, being able to be easily manufactured in series, stored and transported

The technical field in which it is framed is invention is that of security and protection means and systems for people during the construction of buildings and works civilians, and in particular, in the installation and assembly of safety nets

State of the art

In civil construction works or  residential, the installation of safety nets is mandatory, both in case of possible falls of the personnel that works in the works as before the constant detachment of materials and objects which takes place from the upper floors of the buildings and structures

Safety nets must be mounted on the  works according to standardized systems, the most frequent being two: the horizontal network "S" system, and the network "V" system vertical (net and gallows).

Each of these systems requires a series of supports and auxiliary elements for the assembly of the network, some common, such as net cloths, or perimeter ropes and tied, and other specific ones, such as carabiners for horizontal nets, or davits or gallows for nets vertical, and in any case, the installation and assembly of the network It must be performed according to a standard procedure.

Regardless of the system of implantation and types of supports used, is a constant that cloths or netting must be fixed to the perimeter edge of the overhangs and floor slabs, in order to the correct sustenance of the network and not leaving gaps where objects could fall and materials. This fixing of the net cloths to the floor is done  commonly holding or hooking the perimeter strings of the nail cloths and anchor hooks located in a row on the surface of the floor, located therein directly in the concrete, at the time of pouring into the formwork, remaining strongly subject during setting.

The distance to which the anchor points to each other and to the edge of the floor, is standardized and is specific to each network system. So by example, according to the UNE EN 1263-2 standard, the networks of "V" system safety, the hooks on which the perimeter rope from the bottom of the net cloth will be placed at a maximum distance of 50 cm from each other and set back from the edge of the floor 10 cm.

Said form of nail placement and anchor hooks on the floor, carefully placed in the concrete still fresh for when it sets in the right position, there are not a few problems for the personnel of the work, since the pieces usually used take time secure in concrete, tending to fall continuously or move to one side or the other, which is an important waste of time and, in many cases, an incorrect finish of the anchor points, undoubtedly motivated by the large number of pieces They must be implanted.

With the hook object of the present invention, gives a solution to these problems derived from the deficient Fresh concrete stability of the fixing hooks networks currently used, as it presents a novel structural geometry that makes them practically remain "self-positioned" effortlessly in concrete, in addition to that, by that same geometry, the perimeter string of the network is Quickly and easily hooked.

Performed a patent search with effects in Spain on the technique in question, through the basis of SPTO Young data, in order to know if it already exists patented an anchor hook to forged safety nets similar to the invention, it must be said that nothing was found about.

Patent documents published on fixing devices for safety net supports, such as davits or forks for vertical networks, there are many, but as a whole it is another type of inventions.

Nor can they be considered as a result relevant search to network and mesh fasteners that are not of the type hook or anchor to wall, wall or forged, as the jaws, flanges, clamps or bands of tape, or in general devices for fastening nets or meshes to supports (a pole or profile normally) that embrace or imprison the support, nor the devices for joining or fixing networks with each other, or a net and a support from a connecting element with the rope of the net. On these elements and devices there are also quite a few patents, but they are not the case.

Excluding all this kind of background that does not  respond to the characteristics of a network fixing hook Like the invention, only a protected device should be noted with the same functionality and application, as it concerns a wall anchor hook or forged safety nets in construction; is the national utility model number U200500769 "Safety net fastening part for buildings in works ", but as can be seen by the corresponding document, is a hook of features Very different structural. Apart from this, there are three types of patented hooks for safety nets, but respond to a typology not considered relevant, when establishing the anchor with auxiliary structural elements of the construction, such as pipes, scaffolding, etc., that is, not directly on the floor of the edification; are the inventions protected by the patent P200502315 "double hook support of protective nets antacid for construction sites ", and utility models U200602319 "perfected safety hook" and U9702214 "safety device for shaping structures of recoverable formwork ".

In short, the search result of Priority has been the absence of patents (models of utility) with effects in Spain on a hook similar to developed, which makes it claimed as its own invention, based on the description that follows.

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Compendium of the invention

The safety net fixing hook in construction work claimed of invention, it is as it has already been seen in the discussion of the state of the art, the type of hook of those that are embedded in the concrete along the edge of the floor slab of the building floors and the structures of civil works to serve as anchor points of the perimeter rope of the safety net cloths, mounted on the works according to conventional systems of S or horizontal network, or V network or vertical, being essentially characterized by its singular structural geometry, perfectly represented in the drawings endings, which is what gives it better qualities in its use with respect to the other existing hooks in the Market for the same purpose.

The aforementioned hook structure, of resistance tested according to regulations, can be explained constituted from a round steel with a straight stem two right angle couplings are applied, in the same direction and sense, one of shorter length, by the lower end in which the hook must be embedded in the concrete, and another larger length, at the top where the hook will be outside the concrete, from which a hitch head of triangular geometry open at its end, by three plagues consecutive, a first fold of less than 90 ° in the opposite direction to the upper bending and at a distance from it approximately twice the piece resulting from the bending lower, a second fold of just over 90 ° in the same direction at the first and at a distance that roughly matches the end of the lower bend in line parallel to the stem, and a third fold of just over 90 ° in the opposite direction, to originate the hitch passage channel, whose upper end is aligned with the stem axis and whose step height is less than the diameter of the perimeter string of the network that aims to be hooked.

This unique hook geometry is the responsible for that in the procedure of anchoring to the floor, nothing plus the hook is placed in the concrete still fresh, freshly poured into the formwork, store to remain stable in its correct position, unlike the commonly used hooks, which tend to fall sideways, or lean forward or forward back, requiring a more careful installation or that it do when the concrete has already begun to set. With the current solution, the fixing hooks of the net cloths are anchored to the forged in a much easier and faster way, saving time that implies, given the number of hooks needed for the assurance of safety nets in the works.

The network fixing system enabled This new anchoring device is very simple and straightforward, by allowing the net or its perimeter rope to enter the head of hook hook with a small manual pull. the same procedure, but conversely, serves to extract the network.

Optionally the hook can incorporate a link as a safety lock. This link, which comes to be a ring or metal washer, is introduced by the end bottom of the hook at the time of implantation in the concrete, and is coupled to the upper hitch structure, hugging stem bending and end bending top of the hook, surrounding its passage channel.

Said optional link of the hook allows, that once the net rope is fixed, its passage channel can be closed, by a useful tool for this purpose or simply by stepping on a Little head of the hook. This closure also confers a added resistance to the hook, which in case of being subjected by the net weight at such a tensile force capable of deforming it, its tendency would be to close on the network inside.

In any case, with or without link of closure, the hook is completed with a signage plate or "signage" of circular, ellipsoidal or polygonal section, normally triangular, made of metal or other material, such as cardboard, vinyl, etc., with a central hole to be introduced by the lower end of the hook at the time of placement in the concrete, so that it is located on the surface where the hook is anchored.

This "signage" makes the hook visible once installed, avoiding risks of stumbling blocks of the personnel of the work, and also serves as an informative medium of characteristics and even as an advertising medium of the manufacturer, builder, etc., either by direct screen printing or by an adhesive applied on the same.

If the anchor in the forged hooks invention prior to installation of safety nets It is easier than normal, due to its quality "autoposicionante" in the concrete, its removal, once the networks have to be removed, it is just as simple, given its small dimensions just bend each hook with a hammer if they can be embedded in the structure before executing surface finishes, or cut it with a grinder or radial, which is also simpler than in the case of others hook solutions for networks based on two rounds, which They require two cuts instead of one.

As an alternative to the other solutions of Anchors executed on site, mass production of the hook developed make it significantly more economical and cost effective to the market. Its small size optimizes freight and storage.

In summary, the new hook proposed as best  solution for fixing the hanging cloths of the security installed in construction sites, offers following advantages:

- Faster anchoring procedure to forged, when the hook is stabilized in the concrete still fresh  as soon as it is implanted, which means a significant saving of given the number of hooks needed for fixing networks.

- Easy and fast fixing procedure the networks.

- Guarantee of safety in service, that net cloths cannot be released once fixed, even using hooks without closing link.

- Visibility of location on the surface of the forged, as a result of the signage plate, which makes easily visible hooks in tripping avoidance unwanted

- Easy and fast removal once the networks Security have been dismantled.

- Easy and economical production process in series, transport and storage, minimizing costs and ensuring a profitability of use for the market.

Drawings and drawings

For the best understanding of the geometry of the hook explained above and its form of anchor to the floor slab construction works are accompanied at the end of this report Several illustrative drawings.

The drawings in Figure 1 are a view three-dimensional hook with closing link, elevation, and the signage plate, in plant.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view. of the hook anchored in the concrete of the floor, with the rope perimeter of the network retained inside. Arrows indicate the sense of the forces to which the hook is subjected as consequence of the tension caused by the weight of the network.

Finally, Figure 3 is a view in perspective of the location of the hooks in a plant section of forged and how they are embedded in the concrete.

Execution mode

Taking as reference the drawings of the Indian figures, it is easy to understand the way in which the invention, both in regard to the conformation of each hook object of it, as to the way the hooks should be implanted in floors and overhangs to serve as points of anchorage to safety nets installed in the works of building.

Conformation of the hook

The hook in question is formed from a  thin round steel, circular section, what becomes a wire purchased in straight pieces or in length rolls enough. As is evident, it will be based on a plurality of round to make other hooks.

Each round or steel wire must be subjected to several consecutive folding operations, by means of a  wire forming machine or by a folding machine, bending successively until it acquires the shape dammed in Figure 1, already described in detail. The folding angle is in relation to the force applied with the machine, specifically with the pressure at which The steel round is subdued. Known the diameter of the piece is also known the force to apply with the folder to Get the different bending angles. In mechanical metallurgy there are tables and graphs for each material that relate such parameters

First the two couplings will be formed in right angle of the hook stem (1), in the same plane directional and in the same direction; the lower elbow (2), intended to be embedded in the concrete of the floor, and the upper elbow (3), from which the hitch head is formed, according to an open triangle at its end achieved by three consecutive plagues already described: a first (4) of less than 90 ° in the opposite direction to the upper bending and a distance from it about twice that piece resulting from the lower bending, a second (5) of just over 90 ° in the same direction to the first and at a distance that coincides approximately with the end of the lower bending in line parallel to the stem, and a third (6) of just over 90 ° in the direction opposite, to originate the hitch passage channel, whose end upper should be aligned with the stem axis and whose height of step must be less than the diameter of the perimeter rope (7) of the network that needs to be hooked.

This last geometric characteristic of hook, with an opening of the hitch head length (L) always smaller than the diameter of the perimeter rope of the network, it is important, since it is what ensures at all times that the rope is retained inside, also considering that by tensile force (T) to which the hook is subjected by weight of the network, it deforms and a deformation force F appears which makes said opening have a tendency to close. In Figure 2 the relationship of forces to which the subject is subjected is expressed hook in service, that is, when it serves as an anchor to the meshes Network

Once the hook shaping is finished, the  Round excess is cut by any of its ends.

The resistance of the final piece must be verified according to UNE standard.

Forged implantation

Anchor hooks must be located in a row along the edges of the floor and overhangs to be fix the net cloths, at a distance between the edge and between hooks that are standardized for each mounting system of network (system S of horizontal network, V of vertical network. Or, even, T tray network), as already seen. Therefore, in this case the important thing is to know that the hook must be placed in the fresh concrete still poured to formwork in such a position that the hitch head is oriented towards the edge of the forged, takl and as it is represented in the sketch of the Figure 3; to be exact, the directional plane of the two couplings at right angles the hook should be perpendicular to the line perimeter of the forced, or the perimeter tangent of the point plus next to the edge of the floor.

Placed in this way the hooks in the freshly poured concrete on the floor, its individuals geometric features makes them fit correctly positioned in it without much effort, which is the great advantage of the present invention.

Fixing the meshes or net cloths of security is then very fast and simple, since the structure  of the head of the hook allows the perimeter rope of the Mesh enters it with a small manual pull. To extract subsequently the network operation is just as simple, but at the inverse

Claims (4)

1. Hook for fixing safety nets in construction sites, of the type of hook that are embedded in the concrete along the edge of the floor of the building floors and civil works structures to serve as points for anchoring the perimeter rope of the safety net cloths, mounted on the works according to the conventional S or horizontal network, or V or vertical network systems, characterized by being constituted by a round steel with a straight stem (1) and two straight-angle couplings, in the same direction and direction, one of shorter length (2), by the lower end where the hook is embedded in the concrete, and another of longer length (3), by the upper part in that the hook is outside the concrete, from which a triangular geometry engaging head is formed open at its end, by means of three consecutive bends, a first folding (4) of less than 90 ° in the opposite direction to the upper bending or at a distance of approximately twice that of the piece resulting from the lower bending, a second fold (5) of slightly more than 90 ° in the same direction to the first and at a distance that approximately coincides with the end of the lower in-line bending parallel to the stem, and a third fold (6) of slightly more than 90 ° in the opposite direction, to originate the passage channel of the hitch, whose upper end is aligned with the axis of the stem and whose height of passage is less than the diameter of the perimeter rope (7) of the network that is intended to be hooked. 2. Fixing hook for safety nets in construction works, according to the first claim, characterized by having a closing link (8) attached to the hook structure, which embracing the bending of the stem and the folding of the upper end of the hook, Surround your passage channel. 3. Fixing hook of safety nets in construction works, according to previous claims, characterized by incorporating a signaling plate (9) of circular, ellipsoidal or polygonal section, of metal or other material, with a central hole to be introduced by the lower end of the hook prior to its location, in order to be located on the concrete surface where the hook is anchored. 4. Fixing hook for safety nets in construction works, according to claim 3, characterized in that the built-in signaling plate (9) is of triangular section.