ES1057281U - Needle for subcutaneous implantation of a cylindrical implant in animals. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Needle for the subcutaneous implantation of a cylindrical implant (28) in animals, whose needle (1) comprises A metallic body (2) with a proximal end (3) and with a tip (15), whose proximal end (3) comprises a bevelled section (3a, 3b) extending towards said tip (15) from a peripheral point ( 15a) diagonally opposite said tip (15) in said proximal end (3), in such a way that the tip (15) and said peripheral point (15a) define a first line of geometric section (l1) that forms with the longitudinal axis (e) of the metallic body (2), a minor angle (α) comprised of 20º to 80º, a distal end (14), and an axial channel (5) of greater cross section than the perimeter of the implant cylindrical (28) and extending from said distal end (14) to said proximal end (3), and Coupling means (6) to an applicator device (21) provided in a distal end portion (4) of the metal body (2), Characterized because The tip (15) is formed between two symmetrical recesses (17) with converging edges (16) that arise at points away (18a) from said tip (15) at the periphery of said proximal end (3) and extend below said first line of geometric section (l1); The converging edges (16) are formed by respective first sections (19) with sharp edges, which are born in said remote points (18a) and end in two opposite intermediate points (18b) at the periphery of said edges (16), and respective second sections (20) that arise at said intermediate points (18b) and converge towards the tip (15) of the metal body (2), The bevelled section (3a, 3b) is not sharp and extends between said remote points (18a), in a peripheral section of the proximal end (3) opposite the point (15) between said converging edges (16), Said remote points (18a) and said intermediate points (18b) define a second line of geometric section (l2) forming with said longitudinal axis (e), an angle of inclination (β) greater than said smaller angle (α), Said remote points (18a) and said tip (15) define a third line of geometric section (l3) forming with said longitudinal axis (e), an angle of inclination (γ) lower than said smaller angle (α). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Needle for subcutaneous implantation of a cylindrical implant in animals.

Technical Field of the Invention

The present invention is encompassed in the field technician of the devices for implant implantation and, in especially, the needles used for these purposes. Plus particularly it belongs to the sector of needles that are used for inoculation of cylindrical implants, such as transponders, microchips, medicinal capsules, etc. in animals.

State of the art prior to the invention

Subcutaneous implant implantation is today in day a very common practice in livestock and animals company. Such implants may be medicated implants, such as for example capsules that inside incorporate drugs, such as electronic devices that allow identification electronics of the animal in which the implantation was performed. The transponders are usually microchips encapsulated in bodies cylindrical of physiologically inert materials, such as of glass or ceramic.

Systems are often used for implementation comprising needles connected to applicator devices, such such as those described for example in patent applications European EP-A-0520367, EP-A-0415504 and EP-A-0402955, by means of which cylindrical implants inoculated in the axial channel of the needle are implanted, after the proximal end of the needle through the skin of the animal to the necessary depth, by a pusher element that pushes the implant by said axial channel until it comes out of said distal end of the needle. When the needle is removed from the tissue, the implant remains in its subcutaneous position

The needles known from the state of the technique comprise a metal body with a proximal end bevelled with a tip that extends from said tip to the point peripheral diagonally opposite said tip at said end proximal, such that the tip and said peripheral point define each other a first line of geometric section that forms with the longitudinal axis of the metal body, a smaller angle comprised of 20 ° to 80 °, a distal end, and an axial channel of greater cross section than the perimeter of the cylindrical implant and extending from said distal end to said end proximal, as well as coupling means to a device applicator provided on a distal end of the body metal.

The proximal and distal terms denote the position of the identified element with respect to its proximity or remoteness to the tip of the metal body that is part of the needle.

Conventional needles have a series of inconvenience Thus, the shape of its proximal bevelled end implies that the puncture through the animal's skin produces a cut of a diameter equal to the perimeter of the metal body of the needle. This not only leads to an open initial cut of relatively large dimensions that therefore constitutes a potential source of infection, but also involves a risk quite high that the cylindrical implant whose diameter is less than the extension of the initial cut again by said cut, shortly after being implanted. This is especially applicable when it comes to livestock production, such as livestock sheep, cattle or pigs, due to hygienic conditions regulars of the environment in which they find themselves, the least attention individual that can be lent to each animal and the consequent possibility of infections caused by the wound by the initial cut or an exit of the implant without detect.

Description of the invention

The present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of needles for subcutaneous implantation of the state of the art, by means of a needle comprising

a metal body with a proximal end and with a tip, whose proximal end comprises a bevelled section that  extends towards said tip from a peripheral point diagonally opposite to said tip at said proximal end, such that the tip and said peripheral point define each other a first geometric section line that forms with the longitudinal axis of the metal body, a smaller angle from 20 ° to 80 °, a distal end, and an axial channel of greater cross section than the perimeter of the cylindrical implant and extending from said end distal to said proximal end, and

coupling means to an applicator device provided on a distal end of the metal body,

and that is characterized because

the tip is formed between two incoming symmetrical with converging edges with sharp edges, curvocóncavos and / or defined by a plurality of straight sections, born at points away from said tip on the periphery of its proximal end and extend below said first line of geometric section;

converging edges are formed by respective first sections that are born in said remote points and they end up at two opposite intermediate points on the periphery of said edges, and for respective second sections that are born in said intermediate points and converge towards the tip of the body metal,

the bevelled section is not sharp and extends between said remote points, in a peripheral section of the end proximal opposite the tip between said converging edges,

said remote points and said points intermediates define a second line of geometric section that form with said longitudinal axis, a first angle of inclination greater than said lower angle,

said remote points and said tip define a third line of geometric section that forms with said axis longitudinal, a second angle of inclination lower than said lower angle

The presence of the blunt bevel section, additional to those of the first and second sections on the converging edges of the incoming limits the cutting effect when the proximal end  of the metal body is inserted through the skin of the animal, through a transition plane. Thus, when the tip formed by the second sections have punctured the skin of the animal, these seconds sections that due to their more pointed configuration, penetrate easily by the skin, produce an initial cut in the skin. To the continue to progressively insert the proximal end of the body metallic by that initial cut, the first sections are expanding said initial cut, while the bevelled section is going to then widening the cut but without continuing to make a torn.

This is possible thanks to the sharp edges of the converging edges of the entrees and thanks to the first tilt angle is greater than the second tilt angle (and also that the mentioned minor angle), to which the sum of the arcs formed by the first sections is greater than the sum of the arches formed by the second arches, and to which the bevelled section which remains between the remote points that delimit the incoming It is not sharp. Based on this configuration the bevelled section only press against the edges of the initial cut which, by the intrinsic elasticity of skin tissue, yield and allow insertion of the metal body to the desired depth.

The above also allows, when the needle is removed after the transplant has been inoculated, the tissue returns to its original position precisely because of said elasticity. In this way, the wound caused by inoculation of the implant is minimal and, in addition, having the cut caused by the puncture an extension smaller than the diameter of the implant, the inoculated implant cannot escape from the wound after have been inoculated. On the other hand, the widening of the tissue it can also cause small tears at the edges of the wound, which favors wound healing since, as It is known, wounds with irregular edges tend to heal more  Easily make the "clean" cuts.

In one embodiment of the invention, the entrees they are formed in an original bevel already practiced in the body metal. Such original bevel can be straight or curved.

Conveniently, the sum of the arcs formed transversely along the second sections of the converging edges of the entrances of the proximal bevelled end is from 20 ° to 180 °, preferably from 20 ° to 90 °, and more preferably from 30 ° to 60 °. TO in turn, the sum of the arcs formed transversely by said converging edges of the entrances of the proximal bevelled end, seen in cross section, it is preferably from 90º to 360 °, and more preferably from 180 ° to 355 °, and even more preferably from 270 ° to 355 °. The extensions of the arches may vary depending on the desired configuration of the proximal end of the metal body.

The angle of inclination formed by the second section line with said longitudinal axis can be 40 ° to 90 ° or, in cases where an initial cut is required especially of smaller dimensions, from 5º to 40 °.

The magnitude of this angle of inclination and a extension of the arcs formed by the converging edges and, especially, the second sections of these edges, determine for same material, same diameter and body wall thickness metallic, and for the same minor angle between the longitudinal axis and the first geometric section line of the metal body of the needle, strength and stiffness as well as the sharp nature of the proximal end of the metal body. So, the end is more pointed when the extension of the second arcs is closer to the lower limits of the amounts indicated above and when the inclination angle values formed by the second line section with the longitudinal axis are close to the values lower above indicated, but strength and stiffness They are minor. On the contrary, the proximal end has a strength and greater rigidity, when the extension of second arcs is closer to the upper limits of the sums above indicated and when the inclination angle values formed by the second section line with the longitudinal axis they are close to the higher values indicated above, but the proximal end is less pointed.

The choice of degree of stiffness and resistance, as well as the degree of the pointed character depend on the type of metal of the metallic body, of the type of animals in which you want to inoculate the implant and the age of the animals, as well as the number of times you want to use the needle.

So, in order to try to keep the initial cut as small as possible, in young animals such as piglets that have the dermis less hard than adults, or in animals with less resistant skin needles less used Pointy and more resistant. Moreover, when it comes to inoculate implants to animals with hard skin and / or when the needle be used to inoculate only a few animals, they can be used more pointed and less resistant needles.

In an embodiment in which a sufficiently pointed structure and acceptable resistance of the proximal end of the needle when it comes to metal body  alloy steel with a diameter of 2 to 4 mm and a thickness of 0.1 to 03 mm wall, the smallest angle between the first line of geometric section that forms with the longitudinal axis of the body metallic is between 30º and 50º; tilt angle between the second line of geometric section and the longitudinal axis is between 50 ° and 70 °, and the angle of inclination between the third line of geometric section and the longitudinal axis of the metal body is between 10 ° and 30 °. In this realization, the sum of the arcs defined by the second sections of the edges of the entrees is 20º to 60 °, and the sum of the arcs defined by the edges of the entrances can be 270º to 360 °

Preferably, in the needle of the present invention, the coupling means are constituted by a coupling body of special configuration, preferably of plastic material although it can also be of ceramic material  or metal, attached to said distal end part of the body metal. This coupling body comprises a proximal part surrounding the distal part of the metal body, and a distal part with an external filleting complementary to another internal filleting in the applicator device and with a free end. Preferably Filleting comprises a maximum of 4 turns. Inwardly, this distal part defines an internal input chamber that has a cross section greater than the cross section of the channel axial of the metallic body of the needle. The input camera is extends from said proximal part to said free end of the coupling body The coupling body further comprises at least two wings that emerge radially, preferably in opposite positions, of the outer surface of the body of coupling, and which preferably extend axially from the proximal part towards the free end of the body of coupling These wings serve to facilitate the user the turning movement necessary to screw the needle into the applicator device

The coupling body configuration allows an easy and quick coupling to the applicator device to the time it has a simple and economic structure. Ease and Quick coupling is especially important, in view of that inoculation of implants in cattle must be able to be performed in series and quickly.

Preferably, the coupling body it comprises at least one through hole that penetrates from its outer surface and flows into said inlet chamber. Plus preferably comprises two such through holes, the which penetrate from places diametrically far from the outer surface and flow into said inlet chamber. These through holes have the function of evacuating air and fluids (such as blood, disinfectant, etc.) that can reach the entrance chamber through the axial channel of the metal body.

Brief description of the figures

Aspects and embodiments of the invention in reference to drawings that They are an integral part of this specification. In these drawings,

Figure 1 is a schematic elevation view front of the needle of the present invention according to an embodiment practice;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view. along line A-A 'of the embodiment shown in the Figure 1;

Figure 3 shows in side elevation the part bottom of the needle embodiment shown in figure 1 as well as, in partial cross section, the part of the device applicator in which the needle is attached;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view. partial showing the needle attached to the device applicator;

Figures 5A and 5B are respectively a view. side and a top plan view of a first embodiment needle tip alternative;

Figures 6A and 6B are respectively a view. side and a top plan view of a second embodiment needle tip alternative;

Figures 7A and 7B are respectively a view side and a top plan view of a third embodiment needle tip alternative;

Figures 8A and 8B are respectively a view side and a top plan view of a fourth embodiment needle tip alternative;

Figure 9 is a side view of a fifth alternative embodiment of the needle tip;

Figure 10 is a side view of a sixth alternative embodiment of the needle tip.

In these figures, some references appear numerals that identify the following elements:

one

needle

two

metal body of the needle

3

proximal end of metallic body

3rd

bevelled section curvoconcave proximal

3b

bevelled section proximal straight.

4

distal part of metallic body

5

axial channel metallic body

6

cylindrical body of coupling

7

free end part of the coupling body

8

external filleting of the coupling body

9

radially wings emerging from the outer surface of the body of coupling

10

proximal part of coupling body surrounding the metal body of the needle

eleven

distal part of coupling body

12

input camera of the coupling body

13

through holes in the coupling body

14

extreme part distal metal body,

fifteen

body tip metal

15th

peripheral point diagonally opposite the tip

16

converging edges of the additional bevel

17

starters that form the additional bevel

18

points away from the tip at the beveled end of the needle, where the Incoming

18b

intermediate points at the periphery of converging edges

19

first sections of the entrees

twenty

second sections of the entrees

twenty-one

device applicator

22

internal filleting complementary in the applicator device

2. 3

highlight override in the proximal part of the applicator device

24

pusher rod of the applicator device

25

guide cylinder for the pusher rod

26

trigger applicator device

27

stock applicator device

28

implant cylindrical

AND

longitudinal axis of metallic needle body

L1

first line of geometric section

L2

second line of geometric section

L3

third line of geometry section

α

lower angle THE 1

\beta

angle of tilt E-L2

γ

angle of tilt E-L3

Embodiments of the Invention

Figure 1 shows a needle 1 according to a embodiment of the present invention comprising a body metallic 2 hollow that emerges from the inside of a cylindrical body of coupling 6.

The metal body 2 has a proximal end with a bevel 3a provided with two recesses 17 whose edges 16 are  sharp edges that converge on the tip 15 of the metal body 2, and born at points 18a away from tip 15.

Incoming 17 are defined among the respective points 18a and the tip 15 of the metal body 2. The converging edges 16 are formed by respective first sections 19 that start from remote points 18a and end, of according to what can be seen in figure 1A, in two intermediate points 18b that are in opposite positions in the periphery of the edges 16, as well as for second sections 20 which they are born each respectively in one of said intermediate points 18b The sum of the arcs formed by the second sections 20 is, seen in cross section less than 90 °, and the sum of the arcs of the converging edges is less than 270 °.

Figure 1A shows that, at the tip illustrated in figure 1, the tip 15 and the peripheral point 15a diagonally  opposite to tip 15, they define each other a first line of geometric section L1 that forms with the longitudinal axis E of the body metallic, an angle less than between 20 ° and 80 °, specifically about 35 ° in the embodiment shown in the figure 1. Remote points 18a and intermediate points 18b define a second line of geometric section L2 that forms with the mentioned longitudinal axis E, an angle of inclination β between 40 ° and 90 ° (approx. 55 ° in the embodiment shown in Figure 1A), the which is greater than the smaller angle?. In turn, the points intermediate 18b and tip 15 define a third section line geometric L3 that forms with the longitudinal axis E, an angle of inclination γ between 5 ° and 40 ° (approx. 30 ° in the embodiment shown in Figure 1A), which is therefore less than smaller angle?

The presence of sections 19, 20 at the edges convergent 16 of the incoming 17 is primarily intended limit the shear effect when the proximal end of the body metallic 2 is inserted through the animal's skin, by means of a transition plane Thus, when the tip 15 formed by the Seconds 20 has punctured the animal's skin, the seconds sections 20 slightly extend the cut produced by the puncture, while bevel 3 and produce, produce an initial cut in the skin.

By progressively inserting the end proximal of the metallic body 2 by that initial cut, the bevelling 3a, which does not have sharp edges but blunt, widens said initial cut without cutting it, so that the cut produced by the entrance of the tip of the needle is smaller than the perimeter outside the metal body 2. This is possible thanks to the tilt angle? is greater than the tilt angle and (and also that the smaller angle?) and thanks to that the sum of the arches formed by the first sections 19 is greater than the sum of the arcs formed by the second arcs. Based on this configuration, the bevel 3a only presses against the edges of the initial cut which, due to the intrinsic elasticity of the tissue of the skin, yield and allow the insertion of the metallic body to the desired depth

The above also allows, when the needle is removed after the transplant has been inoculated, the tissue returns to its original position precisely because of said elasticity. In this way, the wound caused by inoculation of implant 24 is minimal and, in addition, having the cut caused by puncture an extension smaller than the diameter of the implant, the  inoculated implant cannot escape from the wound after have been inoculated. On the other hand, the widening of the tissue it can also cause small tears at the edges of the wound, which favors wound healing since, as It is known, wounds with irregular edges tend to heal more Easily make the "clean" cuts.

Returning to figure 1, it can also be observed that the cylindrical body 6 comprises a proximal part 10, of which  outer surface emerge two radially opposite wings 9, and one distal part 11 in which an external filleting 8 is provided which born in the free end part 7 of the cylindrical body 6. It can it should also be noted that in the distal part 11 there is a through hole 13 whose function will be explained later.

Figure 2 shows that the metal body 6 internally it has an axial channel 5 and a distal part 4 that ends at a distal end 14. The distal part 4 of the body metallic 2 is immobilized in the proximal part 10 of the body cylindrical 6, so that its axial channel 5 flows through the distal end 14 in an inlet chamber 12 that is in the inside of the distal part 11 of the cylindrical body 6. In respective positions spaced 90 ° from wings 9 (not shown in figure 2), the distal part 11 of the cylindrical body 6 it presents two through holes 13 that communicate the chamber of entrance 12 with the outside.

Figure 3 shows how the body cylindrical 3 is screwed by its external filleting 8 in a complementary internal filleting 22 emerging from an annular shoulder 23 emerging from the proximal part of an applicator device 21. The annular shoulder 23 concentrically surrounds a guide cylinder 25 by which moves a pusher rod 24 whose cross section it is smaller than that of the axial channel of the metal body 2 and whose function will be explained later. In turn, the cross section of the guide cylinder 25 is smaller than that of the inlet chamber of the cylindrical body 6.

Figure 4 shows in more detail the way which cooperates the needle 1 in which an implant is loaded cylindrical 28, such as a transponder for the animal identification, with the applicator device 21.

It can be seen that, when the needle 1 is coupled to the applicator device 21, the push rod 24 guided by the guide cylinder 25, it is housed in the axial channel 5 of metallic body 2 of needle 1 in a position after distal end of implant 28. Trigger 26 of the device applicator 21 is connected to a drive mechanism itself conventional (not shown in the figures) used to displace the push rod 24 towards the tip 15 of the body metallic 2.

Once the tip 15 of the body has been introduced metallic 2 under the skin of the animal in which it should be implanted the transponder 28, and when the trigger 26 is then pressed in direction towards the cylinder head 27 of the applicator device 21, the proximal end of pusher rod 24 travels through the channel axial 5 towards the tip 15 of the metal body, thus pushing the implant 28 through the axial channel until leaving the tip 15 of the metal body 2 in such a way that it is inoculated under the animal skin Conveniently, the drive mechanism it also includes conventional means, (not shown in figures) that allow pusher rod 24 to return to its starting position once the trigger has been stopped 26.

It should be noted that, when tip 15 of the metal body is inserted through the skin of the animal, the channel axial 2 is sealed so that, as the stem 24 and the implant towards tip 15, a air back pressure in space in axial channel 2 that is It is in front of the implant. It is also possible that said space is initially at least partly filled with blood. TO in turn, when the implant or needle has been previously immersed  in a liquid or disinfectant gel, at least part of said space it can be filled with such a liquid or gel which also creates a back pressure, accentuating this situation when the needle is employs, as usual, to inoculate implants in a plurality of animals.

Since, according to the above described, implant 28 and pusher rod 24 have a diameter smaller than the diameter of the axial channel 5 of the body metallic 2, due to the aforementioned backpressure the air and / or fluid (blood, gel, liquid) travel through the interstitium formed between the external surfaces of the implant and the stem, and the inner wall of axial channel 5, towards the inlet chamber 12 in the distal part 11 of the cylindrical body 6. To prevent air  and, above all, fluids can accumulate in the chamber of entry 12 and then penetrate even inside the applicator device 21 by the defined gap between the outer surface of pusher rod 24 and surface inside the cavity of the guide cylinder 25 housing said rod, through holes 13 are provided in the part distal 11 of the cylindrical body 6 since these allow to evacuate the air / fluid outwards.

Figures 5A, 5B, 6A and 6B illustrate embodiments of the metallic body 2 in which the beveled part proximal 3b is a straight bevel, and the edges 16 of the recess 17 They are curved.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 5A and 5B, the sum of the arcs formed by the second sections 20 of the edges 16 is about 90 °, and the sum of the arcs formed by the edges 16 is about 270 °, while in figures 6A and 6B the sum of the arcs formed by the second sections 20 of the edges 16 is about 45 °, and the sum of the arcs formed by the edges 16 It is about 180 °.

In turn, Figures 7A, 7B, 8A and 8B show embodiments of the metal body 2 in which both the part proximal bevel 3a as the edges 16 of the recess 17 are bevelled curvoconcaves. In the embodiment illustrated in the figures 7A and 7B, the sum of the arcs formed by the second sections 20 of the edges 16 is about 45 °, and the sum of the arcs formed along the edges 16 it is about 270 °, while in figures 8A and 8B the sum of the arcs formed by the second sections 20 of the edges 16 is about 30 °, and the sum of the arcs formed by the edges 16 is about 180 °.

Embodiments 9 and 10 show embodiments of the metallic body 2 in which both the proximal beveled part 3b as the first and second sections 19,20 of the edges 16 of the Incoming 17 are straight. It can be seen that in the realization of Figure 9, the bevel 3b is smaller and the first section 19 of the edge 16 is greater than the bevel 3b and the first section respectively 19 of figure 10.

Claims (21)

1. Needle for subcutaneous implantation of a cylindrical implant (28) in animals, whose needle (1) comprises a metal body (2) with a proximal end (3) and with a tip (15), whose proximal end (3) comprises a bevelled section (3a, 3b) extending towards said tip (15) from a peripheral point (15a) diagonally opposite said tip (15) at said proximal end (3), such that the tip (15) and said peripheral point (15a) define each other a first line of geometric section (L1) that forms with the longitudinal axis (E) of the metal body (2), a smaller angle (?) comprised of 20 ° at 80 °, a distal end (14), and an axial channel (5) of greater cross section that the perimeter of the cylindrical implant (28) and extending from said distal end (14) to said end proximal (3), and coupling means (6) to a device applicator (21) provided on a distal end part (4) of the body metallic (2), characterized because the tip (15) is formed between incoming two  symmetrical (17) with converging edges (16) born in points away (18a) from said tip (15) at the periphery of said end proximal (3) and extend below said first line of geometric section (L1); the converging edges (16) are formed by respective first sections (19) with sharp edges, born in said remote points (18a) and end in two points opposite intermediates (18b) on the periphery of said edges (16), and by respective second sections (20) that are born at said points intermediate (18b) and converge towards the tip (15) of the body metallic (2), the bevelled section (3a, 3b) is not sharp and it extends between said remote points (18a), in a peripheral section of the proximal end (3) opposite the tip (15) between said converging edges (16), said remote points (18a) and said points intermediates (18b) define a second line of geometric section (L2) that forms with said longitudinal axis (E), an angle of inclination (?) greater than said lower angle (?), said remote points (18a) and said tip (15) define a third line of geometric section (L3) that forms with said longitudinal axis (E), an angle of inclination (γ) lower than said lower angle (α). 2. Needle according to claim 1, characterized in that the sum of the arcs formed transversely by said second sections (20) of the converging edges (16) of the recesses (17) of the proximal bevelled end (3) is less than 180 ° and greater than 10 °. 3. Needle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said converging edges (16) forming the recesses (17) at the proximal beveled end (3) are curved edges. 4. Needle according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that said recesses (17) are formed in a straight original bevel. 5. Needle according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that said recesses (17) are formed in an original bevel curvoconcave. A needle according to claim 2, characterized in that the sum of the arcs formed transversely by said second sections (20) of the converging edges (16) of said recesses (17) of the proximal end (3) is from 20 ° to 90 ° . A needle according to claim 2, characterized in that the sum of the arcs formed transversely by said second sections (20) of the converging edges (16) of said recesses (17) of the proximal end (3) is from 20 ° to 60 ° . A needle according to claim 2, characterized in that the sum of the arcs formed transversely by said second sections (20) of the converging edges (16) of said recesses (17) of the proximal end (3) is 90 ° to 120 ° . A needle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sum of the arcs formed transversely by said converging edges (16) of the recesses (17) of the proximal end (3) is greater than 90 °. 10. Needle according to claim 1, characterized in that the second geometric section line (L2) forms an inclination angle (β) of 40 ° to 90 ° with said longitudinal axis (E). A needle according to claim 1, characterized in that the third line of geometric section (L3) forms an inclination angle (γ) of 5 ° to 40 ° with said longitudinal axis (E). 12. Needle according to claim 1, characterized in that the smallest angle (?) formed between the first line of geometric section (L1) and longitudinal axis (E) of the metal body (2) is between 30 ° and 50 °; the angle of inclination (?) between the second line of geometric section (L2) and longitudinal axis (E) is between 50 ° and 70 °, the angle of inclination (γ) between the third line of geometric section (L3) and longitudinal axis (E) of the metal body (2) is between 10 ° and 30 °, the sum of the arcs defined by said second sections (20) of the edges (16) of the incoming is 20º at 60 °. 13. Needle according to claim 12, characterized in that the sum of the arcs defined by the edges (16) of the recesses (17) is 270 ° to 360 °. 14. Needle according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling means (6) are constituted by a coupling body (6) attached to said distal end part of the metal body (4), the coupling body (6) comprising , a free end part (7) with a filleting external (8) complementary to another internal filleting (22) in the applicator device (21), at least two wings (9) emerging radially from the outer surface of the coupling body (6), a proximal part (10) surrounding the distal part (4) of the metal body (2), and a distal part (11) with an input chamber (12) that has a cross section larger than the section transverse axial channel (5) of the metal body (2) of the needle (1), which extends from said proximal part (10) to said free end (7) of the coupling body (6). 15. Needle according to claim 14, characterized in that said wings (9) extend axially from the proximal part (10) towards the free end (7) of the coupling body (6). 16. Needle according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the coupling body (6) comprises at least one through hole (13) that penetrates from its outer surface and flows into said inlet chamber (12). 17. Needle according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the coupling body (6) comprises two through holes (13) that penetrate diametrically away from its outer surface and flow into said inlet chamber (12). 18. Needle according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the coupling body (6) is a cylindrical body. 19. Needle according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the coupling body (6) is a body of plastic material. 20. Needle according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the wings (9) emerge from radially opposite positions of the outer surface of the coupling body (6). 21. Needle according to claim 1, characterized in that the implant (28) is a transponder.