Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
  • F17C1/14—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of aluminium; constructed of non-magnetic steel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
  • F17C13/06—Closures, e.g. cap, breakable member
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/01—Shape
  • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
  • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/05—Size
  • F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
  • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
  • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0636—Metals
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
  • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
  • F17C2205/0311—Closure means
  • F17C2205/032—Closure means pierceable
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
  • F17C2221/013—Carbon dioxide
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
  • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
  • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
  • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
  • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
  • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
  • F17C2260/028—Avoiding unauthorised transfer
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2270/00—Applications
  • F17C2270/07—Applications for household use
  • F17C2270/0736—Capsules, e.g. CO2

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to pressurized gas vessels. More particularly, this invention pertains to high pressure gas vessels and tapping systems and methods for high pressure gas vessels.
• Mass produced, single use compressed carbon dioxide (CO2) gas cylinders are used in a number of applications including airguns, model airplanes, model cars, and portable soda machines.
• pressurized gas cylinders these pressure vessels typically contain a mixture of liquid and gaseous CO2 in equilibrium at operating pressures of about 800-900 psi for a 12g CO2 cartridge depending on the temperature.
• These pressure vessels are typically made up of a cylinder that necks down at one end and includes threads around the neck. The cylinder is filled and closed with a cap having a relatively thin membrane at the outer surface of the cap (i.e., even with the opening of the cylinder neck).
• N2 liquid/gas pressure vessels operate at about 3600 psi in common ambient temperatures (i.e., about 21 C).
• devices operating on nitrogen gas can be 3-4 times more powerful than CO2 operated devices, or devices can run 3-4 times longer on a cylinder of a given size.
• the pressures of N2 cartridges are so much higher than CO2 cartridges, N2 cartridges inserted into a device designed for CO2 cartridges can result in catastrophic failure, potentially causing injuries to users.
• aspects of the present invention are directed to compressed gas pressure vessels and devices utilizing such vessels. More particularly, aspects of the present invention are directed to high pressure (i.e., N2 based) pressurized gas cylinders with pierceable membranes recessed from the opening of the pressure vessel such that prior art piercing mechanisms cannot pierce the membrane for safety purposes. Additionally, aspects of the present invention are directed to pressurized gas operated devices with elongated pins for piercing pressure vessels with recessed pierceable membranes.
• a pressure vessel in one aspect, includes a hollow body and a cap.
• the hollow body has an opening.
• the cap includes a shoulder, a sidewall, and a membrane.
• the shoulder has a bottom surface configured to abut the hollow body about the opening in the hollow body when the pressure vessel is assembled.
• the shoulder is generally planar having a hole therethrough.
• the sidewall extends longitudinally and perpendicularly from the bottom surface of the shoulder about the hole.
• the sidewall has a central opening.
• the membrane closes off the central opening.
• the membrane is longitudinally offset from the shoulder (e.g., at an opposite end of the sidewall from the shoulder).
• a piercing mechanism for a pressure vessel includes a pin, a housing, and a pressure vessel seal.
• the pin is configured to pierce the membrane of the pressure vessel.
• the membrane is recessed from the surface of the pressure vessel within a generally cylindrical central opening of the pressure vessel.
• the pin includes an upper portion at a top of the pin, a lower portion at a bottom of the pan, and a longitudinal passage extending longitudinally through the pin.
• the housing is configured to receive the pin and a neck of the pressure vessel, line the pin with the central opening of the pressure vessel, and control longitudinal movement of the pressure vessel.
• the pressure vessel seal is configured to seal between the neck of the pressure vessel and the housing when the neck of the pressure vessel is received in the housing.
• the lower portion of the pin has a width smaller than the width of the membrane of the pressure vessel and extends longitudinally further than the membrane is recessed from the surface of the pressure vessel.
• an airgun including a piercing mechanism for a pressure vessel.
• the piercing mechanism for a pressure vessel includes a pin, a housing, and a pressure vessel seal.
• the pin is configured to pierce the membrane of the pressure vessel.
• the membrane is recessed from the surface of the pressure vessel within a generally cylindrical central opening of the pressure vessel.
• the pin includes an upper portion at a top of the pin, a lower portion at a bottom of the pan, and a longitudinal passage extending longitudinally through the pin.
• the housing is configured to receive the pin and a neck of the pressure vessel, line the pin with the central opening of the pressure vessel, and control longitudinal movement of the pressure vessel.
• the pressure vessel seal is configured to seal between the neck of the pressure vessel and the housing when the neck of the pressure vessel is received in the housing.
• the lower portion of the pin has a width smaller than the width of the membrane of the pressure vessel and extends longitudinally further than the membrane is recessed from the surface of the pressure vessel.
• an upright position is considered to be the position of apparatus components while in proper operation or in a natural resting position as described herein.
• the upright or vertical position of a gun or firearm is when assembled and with the opening of the pressure vessel at a top of the pressure vessel such that the neck and piercing mechanism extend generally vertically along a longitudinal axis.
• Vertical, horizontal, above, below, side, top, bottom and other orientation terms are described with respect to this upright position during operation unless otherwise specified.
• the term “when” is used to specify orientation for relative positions of components, not as a temporal limitation of the claims or apparatus described and claimed herein unless otherwise specified.
• the terms “above”, “below”, “over”, and “under” mean “having an elevation or vertical height greater or lesser than” and are not intended to imply that one object or component is directly over or under another object or component.
• a pressure vessel 100 includes a hollow body 101, and a cap 103.
• the hollow body 101 has an opening 105.
• the pressure vessel 100 is formed of metal such as steel.
• the cap 103 includes a shoulder 107, a sidewall 109, and a membrane 111.
• the shoulder 107 has a bottom surface 113 configured to abut the hollow body 101 about the opening 105 in the hollow body 101 when the pressure vessel 100 is assembled.
• the shoulder 107 is generally planar having a hole 115 therethrough.
• the sidewall 109 extends longitudinally and perpendicularly from the bottom surface 113 of the shoulder 107 about the hole 115.
• the sidewall 109 has a central opening 117.
• the membrane 111 closes off the central opening 117, and the membrane 111 is longitudinally offset from the shoulder 107.
• the shoulder 107 and membrane 111 are at opposing ends of the sidewall 109.
• the shoulder 107 and sidewall 109 are generally annular and the membrane 111 is disc shaped.
• the pressure vessel 100 contains a mixture of liquid and gaseous nitrogen (i.e., N2) when assembled and the cap 103 is welded to the hollow body 101.
• the hollow body 101 is generally cylindrical with a rounded bottom end and a necked down top end.
• the hole 115 through the shoulder 107 is generally circular
• the central opening 117 is generally circular
• the shoulder 107 is generally circular
• the membrane 111 is generally circular and planar.
• the hollow body 101 includes a generally cylindrical main body 119 extending longitudinally.
• the hollow body 101 also includes a neck 121 extending from the main body 119, and the neck 121 has threads 123 thereon.
• the neck 121 has a small diameter than the main body 119.
• the neck 121 is at a top of the main body 119, and the bottom of the main body 119 is generally rounded.
• the neck 121 and threads 123 are integral with the main body 119.
• the sidewall 109 extends into the opening 105, and the bottom surface 113 of the shoulder 107 is affixed (e.g., welded) to the top of the opening 105 in the neck 121 of the pressure vessel 100.
• the membrane 111 is thus recessed into the opening 105 and neck 121 of the pressure vessel 100 such that the membrane 111 is protected and not reachable by conventional piercing mechanisms or pins in prior art compressed CO2 driven devices (e.g., airguns).
• the central opening 117 in the sidewall has a diameter equal to the diameter of the hole 115 through the shoulder 107 and the membrane 111.
• the membrane 111 is longitudinally thinner than the shoulder 107 is and than the sidewall 109 is radially. That is, the membrane 111 is the thinnest portion of the pressure vessel 100.
• a piercing mechanism for the pressure vessel 100 includes a pin 301, a housing 303, and a pressure vessel seal 305.
• the pin 301 is configured to pierce the membrane 111 of the pressure vessel 100. That is, the pin 301 has a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the central opening 117 in the sidewall 109 and is elongated to reach down from the shoulder 109 of the cap 103 to (and through) the membrane 111 when the pressure vessel 100 is received in the piercing mechanism (i.e., put in a compressed air driven device incorporating the piercing mechanism).
• the pin 301 includes an upper portion 307 at top of the pin 301, a lower portion 309 at a bottom of the pin 301, and a longitudinal passage 311 extension longitudinally through the pin 301.
• the housing 303 is configured to receive the pin 301 and the neck 121 of the pressure vessel 100.
• the housing 303 has threads 313 complementing the threads 123 on the neck 121 of the pressure vessel 100.
• the housing 303 is configured to align the pin 301 with the central opening 117 of the pressure vessel 100 and control longitudinal movement of the pressure vessel 100 when the pressure vessel 100 is received in the housing 303 (e.g., when the pressure vessel 100 is screwed into the housing 303).
• the threads 123, 313 cooperate to move the pressure vessel 100 longitudinally relative to the housing 303 as the threads 123, 313 are screwed together or apart.
• the pressure vessel seal 305 is configured to seal between the neck 121 of the pressure vessel 100 and the housing 303 when the neck 121 of the pressure vessel 100 is received in the housing 303.
• the lower portion 309 of the pin 301 has a width smaller than the width of the membrane 111 of the pressure vessel 100 and extends longitudinally farther than the membrane 111 is recessed from the surface of the pressure vessel 100. That is, the lower portion 309 of the pin 301 is configured to extend down into the 103 and pierce the membrane 111 when the pressure vessel 100 is seated in the housing 303. In one embodiment, the lower portion 309 of the pin 301 narrows to a point distal from the upper portion 307 of the pin 301 with the longitudinal passage 311 extending through the point (e.g., the point of the lower portion 309 of the pin 301 is conical or needlelike).
• the housing 303 is configured to receive pressurized gas from the pressure vessel 100 via the pin 301 when the pin 301 pierces the pressure vessel 100.
• the housing 303 further includes a conduit 319 configured to receive the pressurized gas from the pressure vessel 100 via the longitudinal passage 311 and the cavity 117 when the pin 301 pierces the pressure vessel 100.
• the conduit 319 is how a device utilizing the pressurized gas from the pressure vessel 100 receives the pressurized gas from the housing 303 of the piercing mechanism.
• the piercing mechanism further includes an upper pin seal 315 configured to seal between the upper portion 307 of the pin 301 and the housing 303.
• the upper portion 307 of the pin 301 has a larger diameter than the lower portion 309 of the pin 301.
• the pin 301 is movable longitudinally relative to the housing 303 such that when the lower portion 309 of the pin 301 pierces the membrane 111 of the pressure vessel 100, pressurized gas from the pressure vessel 100 travels through the longitudinal passage 311 and cavity 317 between the top of the pin 301 and the housing 303 such that the pressurized gas pushes the pin 301 further into the pressure vessel 100.
• the longitudinal passage 311 extends down through the lower portion 309 of the pin 301 and up through the upper portion 307 of the pin 301 to fluidly connect an interior of the pressure vessel 100 to the cavity 317 between the top of the pin 301 and the housing 303 when the pressure vessel 100 is received in the housing 303.
• the pressurized gas entering the cavity 317 between the top of the pin 301 and the housing 303 pushes the pin 301 longitudinally down relative to the housing 303 and pressure vessel 100.
• the piercing mechanism further includes a lower pin seal 501, and an atmospheric vent 503.
• the lower pin seal 501 is configured to seal between the pin 301 and the housing 303.
• the atmospheric vent 503 is through the housing between the upper pin seal 315 and the lower pin seal 501.
• the lower pin seal 501 and atmospheric vent 503 cooperate to prevent back pressure between the upper pin seal 315 and pressure vessel seal 305 which can limit downward travel of the pin 301 as pressure builds in the cavity 317. Back pressure between the upper pin seal 315 and pressure vessel seal 305 can also make it difficult to fully seat or screw in the pressure vessel 100 to the housing 303.
• the lower pin seal 501 is configured to seal between the lower portion 309 of the pin 301 and the housing 303, and the lower pin seal 501 is below a stop 321 of the pin 301.
• the pin 301 includes stop 321.
• Stop 321 is a radial protrusion from the longitudinal passage 311.
• the stop 321 is formed between the lower portion of the pin 309 and the upper portion of the pin 307.
• the housing 303 includes a seat 323 configured to contact the stop 321 such that the seat 323 and stop 321 cooperate to limit longitudinal movement of the pin 301 relative to the housing 303.
• the housing 303 further includes a retainer 325 configured to limit longitudinal travel of the pin 301 to retain the pin 301 within the housing 303.
• the seat 323 is formed on the retainer 325 such that the retainer 325 limits downward travel of the pin 301.
• Fig. 5 the seat 323 is formed on the retainer 325 such that the retainer 325 limits downward travel of the pin 301.
• the retainer 325 limits upward movement of the pin 301 and the seat is built into a different portion of the housing 303.
• the retainer 325 may be interference fit, screwed in, or welded into the rest of the housing 303.
• the components of the piercing mechanism are generally steel except for the seals which may be rubber, silicone, neoprene, or any other suitable material.
• the seals are generally o-rings but any other suitable shapes may be utilized such as double lip.
• an airgun 700 incorporates the piercing mechanism of Fig. 6 .
• the airgun also includes a barrel 701, a trigger 703, and the pressure vessel 100.
• the barrel 701 is configured to launch a projectile from the barrel 701 when receiving pressurized gas.
• the trigger 703 is configured to selective release pressurized gas from the conduit 319 of the housing 303 to the barrel 701 such that the projectile is launched from the barrel 701.
• compositions and/or methods disclosed and claimed herein may be made and/or executed without undue experimentation in light of the present disclosure. While the compositions and methods of this invention have been described in terms of the embodiments included herein, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations may be applied to the compositions and/or methods and in the steps or in the sequence of steps of the method described herein without departing from the concept, spirit, and scope of the invention. All such similar substitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are deemed to be within the spirit, scope, and concept of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

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Citations (5)

• 2025
  • 2025-05-15 EP EP25176534.3A patent/EP4653751A1/de active Pending

Patent Citations (5)

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